CN106740567A - 车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法 - Google Patents

车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法 Download PDF

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CN106740567A
CN106740567A CN201610552129.2A CN201610552129A CN106740567A CN 106740567 A CN106740567 A CN 106740567A CN 201610552129 A CN201610552129 A CN 201610552129A CN 106740567 A CN106740567 A CN 106740567A
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vehicle
battery
overdischarge
relay
controller
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CN106740567B (zh
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朴贤秀
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0084Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/14Preventing excessive discharging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547Voltage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/10Driver interactions by alarm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306Overdischarge protection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/907Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法,在用于防止向车辆的电负载供给电源的电池(例如,12V锂离子电池)的过放电的继电器断开时,以执行车辆内的各控制器的结束(shut off)时序的方式进行控制,从而不仅能够安全地保护12V锂离子电池,还能够安全地保护车辆内的各控制器。为此,本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置包括:电压传感器,对电池的电压进行检测;电池的过放电防止用继电器;电源状态检测器,对点火开关接通状态进行检测;以及控制器,当在上述点火开关接通状态下电池的电压达到第一阈值时,输出警告消息,之后当电池的电压达到第二阈值时,通过车辆网络向各电子控制单元传送结束指令之后,使继电器断开。

Description

车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法,更详细地讲,涉及如下的技术:在用于防止向车辆的电负载供给电源的电池(例如,12V锂离子电池)的过放电的继电器关闭时,以车辆内各控制器的结束(shut off)时序被执行的方式进行控制,从而不仅能够安全地保护12V锂离子电池还能够安全地保护各控制器。
本发明能够应用到环保车辆,环保车辆是利用高电压电池驱动电动机而行驶的车辆,包括HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle:混合动力汽车)、EV(Electric Vehicle:电动汽车)、PHEV(Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:插电式混合动力汽车)、FCEV(Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle,燃料电池电动车)等。
背景技术
一般而言,环保车辆具有用于供给驱动用电源的高电压电池;以及用于向内部电气装置(电负载)供给工作电源的辅助电池。此时,与辅助电池和电气装置连接的LDC(Low voltage DC-DC Converter:低电压直流-直流转换器)在上位控制器的控制下当辅助电池的电压不超过基准值时,将高电压电池的高电压降低(down converting)为辅助电池的充电用电压来对辅助电池进行充电。
这种辅助电池起到如下作用:不仅在车辆的启动中供给工作电源,而且对各种灯、系统、ECU(Electronic Control Units:电子控制单元)等的电气装置供给工作电源。
到目前为止,关于车辆的辅助电池,基于即使被完全放电也能够再次充电而使用的优点,主要使用了铅酸蓄电池(lead-acid storagebattery),但是这种铅酸蓄电池重且充电密度低,特别是铅酸为环境污染物,因此最近在环保车辆中代替为锂离子电池(lithium ion battery)。
但是,锂离子电池存在当过放电后进行再充电时性能严重降低的缺点,因此为了解决该缺点,陆续开发了使BMS(Battery ManagementSystem:电池管理系统)具备过放电防止用继电器而防止锂离子电池的过放电的技术。
作为现有技术,虽然存在当车辆用电池成为过放电状态时使继电器关闭来保护电池的技术,但是这仅是简单地用于保护车辆用电池的技术,存在无法保护点火开关接通(Ignition On)状态下工作的车辆内各控制器的问题。
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
为了解决如上所述的现有技术的问题,本发明的目的在于,提供如下的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置及其方法:在用于防止向车辆的电负载供给电源的电池(例如,12V锂离子电池)的过放电的继电器关闭时,以车辆内各控制器的结束(shut off)时序被执行的方式进行控制,从而不仅能够安全地保护12V锂离子电池,还能够安全地保护车辆内各控制器。
本发明的目的不限于上述的目的,通过以下的说明能够理解未提及的本发明的其他目的和优点,并且能够通过本发明的实施例进一步明确上述本发明的其他目的和优点。另外,可知能够通过权利要求范围内的方案及其组合实现本发明的目的和优点。
用于解决课题的技术方案
作为用于实现上述目的的本发明的装置,提供一种车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,包括:电压传感器,对电池的电压进行检测;电池的过放电防止用继电器;电源状态检测器,对点火开关接通状态进行检测;以及控制器,当在上述点火开关接通状态下电池的电压达到第一阈值时,输出警告消息,之后当电池的电压达到第二阈值时,通过车辆网络向各ECU(Electronic Control Units,电子控制单元)传送结束指令之后,使继电器断开。
作为用于实现上述目的的本发明的方法,提供一种车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,包括:电源状态检测器对点火开关接通状态进行检测的步骤;电压传感器对电池的电压进行检测的步骤;当在上述点火开关接通状态下电池的电压达到第一阈值时,控制器输出警告消息的步骤;当电池的电压达到第二阈值时,上述控制器通过车辆网络向各ECU(Electronic Control Units,电子控制单元)传送结束指令的步骤;以及上述控制器使电池的过放电防止用继电器断开的步骤。
发明的效果
如上所述的本发明具有如下效果:在用于防止向车辆的电负载供给电源的电池(例如,12V锂离子电池)的过放电的继电器关闭时,以车辆内各控制器的结束(shut off)时序被执行的方式进行控制,从而不仅能够安全地保护12V锂离子电池,还能够安全地保护车辆内各控制器。
另外,本发明具有如下效果:在车辆处于启动或行驶中的状态下禁止继电器断开,从而不仅实现车辆的安全还能够实现车辆内乘客的安全。
附图说明
图1是对于本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置的一实施例的结构图,
图2是对于本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法的一实施例的流程图。
附图标记
100:电池
110:电压传感器
120:继电器
130:电流传感器
140:J/B
150:电源状态检测器
160:开关
170:控制器
具体实施方式
关于上述的目的、特征及优点,能够通过参照附图叙述的详细说明进一步明确,由此本领域技术人员能够容易地实施本发明的技术思想。另外,在本发明的说明中,在判断为对于与本发明相关的公知技术的具体说明有可能会不必要地导致本发明的主旨变得不明确时,省略其详细的说明。以下,参照附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细说明。
图1是对于本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置的一实施例的结构图。
如图1所示,本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置包括电池100、电压传感器110、继电器120、电流传感器130、发动机室接线盒(E-room Junction Box,J/B)140、电源状态检测器150、开关160以及控制器170等。
当查看上述各构成元件时,首先电池100作为一例可以是12V锂离子电池(低电压辅助电池),向车辆的电负载供给所要求的电源。这种电池100还能够由铅酸电池实现。
另外,电压传感器110对电池100的电压进行检测。
另外,继电器120执行将来自电池100的电源供给到电负载或者进行切断的作用,从而防止电池100的过放电,并且还能够完全切断电池100以免受流过电负载的暗电流的影响。此时,继电器120能够由通过脉冲(Pulse)信号控制的自锁式(Latching Type)的继电器实现。
另外,电流传感器130位于继电器120与发动机室接线盒140之间,对电池100的电流进行检测。
另外,发动机室接线盒140包括用于使电池100的电源分支到各电负载的线路。特别是,向电源状态检测器150供给工作用电源。
另外,电源状态检测器150对电池100的电源供给到电负载的状态(以下,电源状态)进行检测。此时,电源状态包括锁定(Lock)、配件通电(ACC)、点火开关接通(ON)、启动(Start)这四种状态,这在启动钥匙方式和启动按键方式都同样适用。在本发明中,点火开关接通状态表示电池的电源供给到车辆内电负载的状态。
另外,开关160是无源(Passive)开关,通过使用者的操作而工作,使继电器120接通。即,在为了防止电池100的过放电,控制器170使继电器120断开的状态下,当驾驶者乘坐车辆,使开关160接通时,继电器120接通,来自电池100的电源供给到电负载。
另外,控制器170执行全体的控制,以使上述各构成元件能够正常地执行自身的功能。
特别是,为了防止向车辆的电负载供给电源的电池100的过放电,控制器170利用具备在内部的开关171使继电器120断开。
即,作为继电器断开准备步骤,当在点火开关接通状态下电池100的电压达到第一阈值(例如,11V)时,控制器170通过仪表盘(cluster)输出引导驾驶者启动的警告消息。
之后,作为继电器断开步骤,当没有通过驾驶者启动车辆而电池100的电压达到第二阈值(比第一阈值(例如,10.5V)低的值)时,控制器170通过车辆网络向车辆内ECU(Electronic Control Units,电子控制单元)传送结束(shut off)指令之后,使继电器120断开。此时,控制器170可以在从车辆内各ECU接收完成消息之后使继电器120断开,也可以通过车辆网络监视ECU的输出,在ECU不工作时使继电器120断开,也可以在向车辆内各ECU传送结束指令之后经过预定时间时使继电器120断开。
此处,车辆网络可以包括CAN(Controller Area Network,控制器局域网)、LIN(Local Interconnect Network,本地互连网)、FlexRay、MOST(Media Oriented System Transport,媒体导向系统传输)等。
之后,在驾驶者利用开关160使继电器接通之后点火开关接通时,控制器170通过仪表盘输出警告消息,并且在时间阈值内车辆没有启动时,执行使继电器120再次断开的后处理过程。
上述后处理过程能够反复执行所设定的次数,此时优选随着反复执行的次数将时间阈值设定得短。例如,在反复执行的次数为三次的情况下,可以在第一次设定为3分钟、第二次设定为1分钟、第三次设定为30秒钟。
另外,当超过上述所设定的次数时,完全切断电池100的使用。之后,只有A/S维修师直接接入系统并解除切断才能使用电池100。
本发明优选构成为,在车辆的行驶中为了驾驶者的安全而不工作。但是,当检测到电池120的过放电时,能够使车辆进入到跛行模式(应急控制模式或安全模式)。
另外,在本发明中,车辆内各ECU根据结束指令执行用于系统的稳定结束的结束时序。
图2是对于本发明的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法的一实施例的流程图。
首先,电源状态检测器150对点火开关接通状态进行检测(201)。
之后,电压传感器110对电池100的电压进行检测(202)。
之后,当在点火开关接通状态下电池100的电压达到第一阈值(例如,11V)时,控制器170输出警告消息(203)。
当电池100的电压经过时间而达到第二阈值(例如,10.5V)时,控制器170通过车辆网络向各ECU(Electronic Control Units,电子控制单元)传送结束(Shut off)指令(204)。
之后,控制器170使电池100的过放电防止用继电器120断开(205)。
通过这种过程,以执行车辆内各控制器的结束(shut off)时序的方式进行控制,从而不仅能够安全地保护12V锂离子电池,还能够安全地保护车辆内各控制器。
另一方面,如上所述的本发明的方法能够以计算机程序实现。并且,能够通过相应领域的计算机程序员容易地推倒构成上述程序的代码和代码段。另外,上述所制作的程序存储在计算机可读取的记录介质(信息存储介质),通过计算机读取并执行,从而实现本发明的方法。并且,上述记录介质包括计算机能够读取的所有形式的记录介质。
关于以上说明的本发明,对于本领域技术人员而言,能够在不脱离本发明的技术思想的范围内进行各种替换、变形及变更,因此不限定于上述的实施例和附图。

Claims (20)

1.一种车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于,包括:
电压传感器,对电池的电压进行检测;
电池的过放电防止用继电器;
电源状态检测器,对点火开关接通状态进行检测;以及
控制器,当在所述点火开关接通状态下电池的电压达到第一阈值时,输出警告消息,之后当电池的电压达到第二阈值时,通过车辆网络向各电子控制单元传送结束指令之后,使继电器断开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述控制器在从车辆内各电子控制单元接收完成消息之后使继电器断开。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述控制器通过车辆网络监视各电子控制单元的工作,在各电子控制单元不工作时使继电器断开。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述控制器在向车辆内各电子控制单元传送结束指令之后经过第一时间阈值时使继电器断开。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述车辆用电池的过放电防止装置还包括无源开关,该无源开关使所述继电器接通,
当继电器通过所述开关接通且点火开关成为接通状态时,控制器通过仪表盘再次输出警告消息,当在第二时间阈值内车辆没有启动时,所述控制器执行使所述继电器再次断开的后处理过程。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述控制器反复执行所述后处理过程直到所设定的次数为止,并且在超过所述所设定的次数时,完全切断电池的使用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
反复的次数越多,所述控制器将第二时间阈值设定为越短。
8.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述电池为12V锂离子电池。
9.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述继电器是通过脉冲信号控制的自锁式的继电器。
10.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止装置,其特征在于:
所述车辆网络是CAN、LIN、FlexRay、MOST中的任一个。
11.一种车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,包括:
电源状态检测器对点火开关接通状态进行检测的步骤;
电压传感器对电池的电压进行检测的步骤;
当在所述点火开关接通状态下电池的电压达到第一阈值时,控制器输出警告消息的步骤;
当电池的电压达到第二阈值时,所述控制器通过车辆网络向各电子控制单元传送结束指令的步骤;以及
所述控制器使电池的过放电防止用继电器断开的步骤。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
在所述继电器断开的步骤中,在从车辆内各电子控制单元接收完成消息之后使继电器断开。
13.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
在所述继电器断开的步骤中,通过车辆网络监视各电子控制单元的工作,在各电子控制单元不工作时使继电器断开。
14.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
在所述继电器断开的步骤中,在向车辆内各电子控制单元传送结束指令之后经过第一时间阈值时使继电器断开。
15.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
通过无源开关使所述继电器接通的步骤;以及
当通过驾驶者再次成为点火开关接通状态时,控制器通过仪表盘再次输出警告消息,当在第二时间阈值内没有启动车辆时,执行使所述继电器再次断开的后处理过程的步骤。
16.根据权利要求15所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
反复执行所述后处理过程直到所设定的次数为止,当超过所述所设定的次数时,通过控制器完全切断电池的使用。
17.根据权利要求16所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
在所述后处理过程中,反复的次数越多,第二时间阈值设定得越短。
18.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
所述电池为12V锂离子电池。
19.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
所述继电器是通过脉冲信号控制的自锁式的继电器。
20.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用电池的过放电防止方法,其特征在于:
所述车辆网络是CAN、LIN、FlexRay、MOST中的任一个。
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