CN106732540A - 一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,属于光催化剂技术领域。该制备方法具体步骤为:以锰盐和二氧化铈为原料,熔融的碘化钾和氢氧化钾为溶剂,在常压、235℃‑255℃的较低温度下恒温加热12‑48小时,随炉冷却至室温,将沉淀物分离,洗涤,干燥后即可得到具有花状结构的锰掺杂的CeO2高效可见光光催化剂。本发明的有益效果在于:操作简单,所需要原料环保易得;所制备的光催化材料具有高效的可见光光催化性能,能够有效降解有机污染物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光催化剂技术领域,具体涉及一种混合碱盐熔融法制备Mn掺杂CeO2光催化剂的方法。
背景技术
稀土氧化物二氧化铈(CeO2)因其高温下的强氧化还原能力和氧离子传导性能而被广泛应用于汽车尾气净化、催化剂、氧敏传感器、固体氧化物燃料电池电极材料、化学机械抛光研磨材料等现代高技术领域。随着全球性的污染问题,二氧化铈在光催化领域引起了人们极大的兴趣。然而,CeO2的禁带宽度为3.1eV,只能吸收紫外光,对太阳光的利用率很低;另一方面,光生电子和空穴的复合,使得光催化活性大大降低。国内外研究者主要采用掺杂非金属、异质结构、表面修饰等手段对CeO2进行改性,以增加光催化响应范围和光效率。众所周知,材料的光催化性能依赖于材料的微观形貌。在国际、国内材料科学工作者的不懈努力下,现今已经能够制备出具有“杆”、“线”等多种形貌特征的锰掺杂的CeO2纳米结构材料。但是,花状纳米结构的CeO2的报道却很少见。北京工业大学的展宗城采用水热法制备了花状3D纳米Pd/CeO2催化剂,该报道采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为保护剂,除了制备工艺较复杂外,从其提供的扫描电镜和透射电镜来看,并非真正意义上的花状结构;同样,李吉刚采用水热法制备了微米尺寸CeO2花状微球粉体,也并非真正意义上的花状结构,而是由CeO2纳米片组装而成的微球结构。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种锰掺杂的CeO2纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,以期该方法简单易行且可控,所制备得到的锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂能够更好的响应可见光。
本发明一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)按照摩尔比为70.6:29.4将氢氧化钾和碘化钾加入到聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中;按照摩尔比为1:1~6称取锰盐和二氧化铈加入到上述聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中并密封。
(2)将步骤(2)密封的聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜置于恒温箱中加热,加热温度为235℃~255℃,加热时间为12h~48h。
(3)将聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜自然冷却至室温,洗涤,烘干,得到锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花。
进一步的,所述的锰盐为硫酸锰、氯化锰、硝酸锰以及醋酸锰中的任一种。
进一步的,所述步骤(3)的洗涤,是指用蒸馏水将冷却后凝固的盐和碱溶解,将溶液在转速为6000转/分钟的离心机离心,得到沉淀物,将沉淀物重新分散到去离子水中,抽滤,重复上述步骤,直至滤液的pH值达到7。
本发明是以熔融的氢氧化钾和碘化钾作为溶剂,在这样的环境下,一定摩尔比的锰盐和二氧化铈熔融重结晶获得纳米花状单晶纳米材料。
锰掺杂CeO2可见光光催化剂的光催化活性是通过光催化降解罗丹明B溶液进行表征的。实验过程如下:将0.04g样品分散在装有10mL甲基橙水溶液(20mg/L)的烧杯中。可见光光源为装有滤光片(滤去波长小于400nm的紫外光)的氙灯,光源与液面距离为8cm,每隔30min,反应溶液先进行过滤后,测试溶液中甲基橙的浓度。降解液中甲基橙的浓度由紫外可见吸收光谱测定。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1、制备得到的Mn掺杂CeO2纳米花,结晶性能好;
2、制备方法简单,原材料廉价易得,制备工艺简单易行,成本低廉;
3、因为合成温度低、常压操作,容易实现工业化批量生产;
4、由于制备过程中没有采用任何的表面活性剂和其它有机助剂,经水洗后的纳米材料表面洁净,能够最大程度发挥纳米材料的功能性,而没有杂质相的影响;
5、所制备的光催化材料具有高效的可见光光催化性能,能够有效降解有机污染物,在环境治理领域有望产生良好的社会和经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的Mn-CeO2的XRD图谱;
XRD结果显示:实验所制备的锰掺杂的二氧化铈具有优良的结晶度。
图2为本发明实施例1制备的Mn-CeO2的扫描电镜(SEM)形貌照片;
SEM结果显示:实验制备的锰掺杂的二氧化铈具有花状结构。
图3为本发明实施例1制备的Mn-CeO2的可见光催化降解效果图;
光催化结果显示:在可见光条件下,锰掺杂的二氧化铈比单一的二氧化铈具有更优的光催化性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例详述本发明,但本发明不局限于下述实施例。
实施例1
1.配料:
(1)称取8.95g KOH和11.05g KI加入溶剂为25毫升的已采用蒸馏水洗涤过的聚四氟乙烯容器中。
(2)称2mmol CeO2和1mmol MnSO4·H2O加入上述聚四氟乙烯容器中的混合物中。
(3)将聚四氟乙烯容器密封,以保证反应过程洁净。
2.加热融化:
将烘箱加热到245℃,将密封的聚四氟乙烯容器放入烘箱中,反应物在上述条件下反应24小时,直至反应进行完全。将反应容器随烘箱自然冷却至室温。
3.洗涤:
用蒸馏水将冷却后凝固的盐和碱融化,将溶液在转速为6000转/分钟的离心机离心,得到沉淀物,将沉淀物重新分散到去离子水中,抽滤,重复上述步骤3次,直至滤液的pH值达到7。
4.烘干:
将过滤得到的粉末在80℃烘干,得到Mn掺杂的CeO2粉体。
5.光催化性能测试
将0.04g制备的上述样品分散在装有10mL罗丹明B水溶液(20mg/L)的烧杯中。可见光光源为装有滤光片(滤去波长小于400nm的紫外光)的氙灯,光源与液面距离为8cm,每隔30min,反应溶液先进行过滤后,测试溶液中罗丹明B的浓度。实验结果显示:降解率达到了65%。
实施例2
1.配料:
(1)称取8.95g KOH和11.05g KI加入溶剂为25毫升的已采用蒸馏水洗涤过的聚四氟乙烯容器中。
(2)称2mmol CeO2和0.5mmol Mn(NO3)2·6H2O加入上述聚四氟乙烯容器中的混合物中。
(3)将聚四氟乙烯容器密封,以保证反应过程洁净。
2.加热融化:
将烘箱加热到245℃,将密封的聚四氟乙烯容器放入烘箱中,反应物在上述条件下反应12小时,直至反应进行完全。将反应容器随烘箱自然冷却至室温。
3.洗涤:
用蒸馏水将冷却后凝固的盐和碱融化,将溶液在转速为6000转/分钟的离心机离心,得到沉淀物,将沉淀物重新分散到去离子水中,抽滤,重复上述步骤3次,直至滤液的pH值达到7。
4.烘干:
将过滤得到的粉末在80℃烘干,得到Mn掺杂的CeO2粉体。
5.光催化性能测试
将0.04g制备的上述样品分散在装有10mL罗丹明B水溶液(20mg/L)的烧杯中。可见光光源为装有滤光片(滤去波长小于400nm的紫外光)的氙灯,光源与液面距离为8cm,每隔30min,反应溶液先进行过滤后,测试溶液中罗丹明B的浓度。实验结果显示:降解率达到了60%。
实施例3
1.配料:
(1)称取8.95g KOH和11.05g KI加入溶剂为25毫升的已采用蒸馏水洗涤过的聚四氟乙烯容器中。
(2)称2mmol CeO2和2mmol Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O加入上述聚四氟乙烯容器中的混合物中。
(3)将聚四氟乙烯容器密封,以保证反应过程洁净。
2.加热融化:
将烘箱加热到245℃,将密封的聚四氟乙烯容器放入烘箱中,反应物在上述条件下反应28小时,直至反应进行完全。将反应容器随烘箱自然冷却至室温。
3.洗涤:
用蒸馏水将冷却后凝固的盐和碱融化,将溶液在转速为6000转/分钟的离心机离心,得到沉淀物,将沉淀物重新分散到去离子水中,抽滤,重复上述步骤3次,直至滤液的pH值达到7。
4.烘干:
将过滤得到的粉末在80℃烘干,得到Mn掺杂的CeO2粉体。
5.光催化性能测试
将0.04g制备的上述样品分散在装有10mL罗丹明B水溶液(20mg/L)的烧杯中。可见光光源为装有滤光片(滤去波长小于400nm的紫外光)的氙灯,光源与液面距离为8cm,每隔30min,反应溶液先进行过滤后,测试溶液中罗丹明B的浓度。实验结果显示:降解率达到了50%。
Claims (3)
1.一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)按照摩尔比为70.6:29.4将氢氧化钾和碘化钾加入到聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中;按照摩尔比为1:1~6称取锰盐和二氧化铈加入到上述聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中并密封;
(2)将步骤(2)密封的聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜置于恒温箱中加热,加热温度为235℃~255℃,加热时间为12h~48h;
(3)将聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜自然冷却至室温,洗涤,烘干,得到锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的锰盐为硫酸锰、氯化锰、硝酸锰以及醋酸锰中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种锰掺杂二氧化铈纳米花可见光光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)的洗涤,是指用蒸馏水将冷却后凝固的盐和碱溶解,将溶液在转速为6000转/分钟的离心机离心,得到沉淀物,将沉淀物重新分散到去离子水中,抽滤,重复上述步骤,直至滤液的pH值达到7。
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CN110354895A (zh) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-22 | 青岛新京华环保技术有限公司 | 一种分子筛基Ce-Mn氧化物多孔光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN112516997A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 南京邮电大学 | CeO2/MnO2纳米棒的制备方法 |
CN112853385A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中国人民大学 | 一种氧空位及Mn掺杂双缺陷二氧化铈纳米片及其制备方法与应用 |
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