CN106729219A - 一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶及其制备方法,属于凉茶制备技术领域。本发明的凉茶是由金花茶、玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣、柠檬酸,水为原料组合制备而成,本发明还公开了该凉茶的制备方法,包括金花茶处理、其余原料预处理、回流提取,过滤、合并滤液,灭菌等步骤。本发明制备的凉茶原料均采用天然中草药并且合理配伍,因此具有清热降火、减肥降脂、减少胆固醇、排毒养颜,健脾健胃、祛除疲劳、养生保健和均衡调理的作用,特别是在降血压上效果显著,是一种安全无副作用的健康凉茶。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于凉茶制备技术领域,特别是涉及一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国高血压、高血脂以及糖尿病患者高达上亿人,是世界上“三高”患者最多的国家之一。并且历年来这些患者发病率呈逐步上升趋势。目前,“三高”患者主要是靠长期服用化合降压药物来控制病情。但是长期服用药物带来的副作用也是非常明显的,并且药物价格也相对昂贵,加重了患者的经济负担。
金花茶花色金黄,多数种具蜡质光泽,晶莹可爱,花型有杯状、壶状、碗状和盘状等,形态多样,秀丽雅致,在山茶类群中,被誉为“茶族皇后”。金花茶在民间一直被用于提神醒脑、清肝火、解热毒、养元气。《广西民族药简编》、《广西中药材标准》、《中国防城金花茶国际学术会议论文集》、《中国广西金花茶国际学术研讨会论文集》、《中国壮药学》、《药用植物辞典》等均有金花茶的药理记载(《中国壮药学》并没有提及金花茶)。金花茶药用、营养价值:经权威机构检测表明,金花茶属无毒级,含有400 多种对人体有益的营养物质。富含茶多酚、总皂甙、总黄酮、茶多糖、茶色素、维生素、氨基酸等多种天然营养成份;以及对人体具有重要保健作用的天然有机锗(Ge)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)、锌(Zn)、钒(V)等多种微量元素,是自然界中药用、营养价值最丰富的植物之一。
凉茶是汉族特色茶饮,中草药植物性饮料的通称,凉茶是将药性寒凉和能消解人体内热的中草药煎水做饮料喝,以消除夏季人体内的暑气,或治疗冬日干燥引起的喉咙疼痛等疾患,目前市场的凉茶品种繁多,但往往功效单一,如王老吉、二十四味凉茶等主流的凉茶品种,功效都是以清热降火、利湿排毒为主,并且此类凉茶往往口味偏苦,需配甜食一起服用,不适合患有糖尿病、高血压等人群日常服用,在日常生活中不能满足不同市场和人群的需求。
现对使用中草药成分来制备凉茶的现有技术摘录如下:
1、中国专利:《一种具有辅助降血压作用的固体凉茶及其制备方法》,公开日为2015年5月6日,该发明公开了一种具有辅助降血压作用的固体凉茶及其制备方法,通过将1~20份夏枯草、1~15份淡竹叶、1~30份白茅根、1~15份决明子、1~15份莱菔子、1~20份山楂、1~15份葛根、1~10份菊花以及1~10份荷叶进行不同方式的浸泡、煎煮、浓缩后,再配以甜味剂等辅料干燥后得到。该发明所使用的中药配方如菊花,山楂对于清热去火效果很好,但也只是达到了传统凉茶的效果,该发明所使用的配方中并无明显对降血压起作用的药物,该发明的说明书中也没有详细说明各组分的药理是如何形成,因此很难对降血压凉茶的制备起到指导作用。
2、中国专利:《一种降血压、血脂、血糖的凉茶及其制备方法》,公开日为2009年12月30日,该发明的技术方案为提供一种降血压、血脂、血糖的三花凉茶及其制备方法,其原料药材组成为:人参花3g-30g,花生壳30g-300g,三七花3g-30g,木糖醇1g-10g,山泉水300ml-5000ml。其制备方法为:将人参花、花生壳、三七花去净杂质加山泉水浸泡30分钟,煎煮30-60分钟,而后去渣过滤后澄清2小时,加木糖醇搅拌使其溶化,在无菌环境下高压灭菌后密封瓶装即可饮用。该发明专利仅仅是将人参花,花生壳和三七花浸泡很难将它们的有效成分提取以制备成凉茶,且该发明所使用的配方无明显的调味材料,很难保证具有凉茶的口感。
针对上述凉茶存在的问题,迫切需要开发一种结合金花茶的功效并且具有降血压功效的凉茶。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术方案中存在的问题,本发明提供一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶及其制备方法。
一方面,本发明提供的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,由以下原料组成:金花茶、玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣、柠檬酸,水;
具体地,一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,由以下重量份数的原料组成:金花茶50~65份、玫瑰花15~25份、党参10~20份、龙眼叶15~20份、枇杷叶10~15份、土茯苓5~15份、薄荷10~20份、枸杞20~30份、橘皮6~18份、红枣15~25份、柠檬酸5~10份,水1000~2000份。
作为本发明的优选方案,一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,由以下重量份数的原料组成:金花茶55~60份、玫瑰花17~21份、党参13~18份、龙眼叶16~19份、枇杷叶12~14.5份、土茯苓8~13份、薄荷12~18份、枸杞22~28份、橘皮10~15份、红枣18~21份、柠檬酸7~9.5份,水1300~1700份。
作为本发明的更优选方案,一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,由以下重量份数的原料组成:金花茶55~60份、玫瑰花17~21份、党参13~18份、龙眼叶16~19份、枇杷叶12~14.5份、土茯苓8~13份、薄荷12~18份、枸杞22~28份、橘皮10~15份、红枣18~21份、柠檬酸7~9.5份,水1300~1700份。
作为本发明的最优选方案,种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,由以下重量份数的原料组成:金花茶57份、玫瑰花20份、党参15份、龙眼叶17.5份、枇杷叶13份、土茯苓10份、薄荷16份、枸杞26份、橘皮13.7份、红枣19.6份、柠檬酸8.5份,水1500份。
另一方面,本发明提供一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过130~150目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,回流提取,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为6~7,进行混合搅拌,灭菌装罐后即可制得成品。
具体地,步骤(c)回流提取,过滤:中回流提取所需条件为在50~60℃下回流提取2.5~4h,步骤(d)合并滤液、灭菌:中的灭菌条件为温度100~120℃,压力150~180KPa下灭菌8~10min。
本发明凉茶中所用成分具体药理如下:
金花茶:(Camellia nitidissima Chi)为山茶科(Theaceae)山茶属植物,属国家一级保护植物和世界珍稀观赏植物,素有“植物界的大熊猫”、“茶族皇后”之称,主产于中国广西境内北回归线以南的两间断地。金花茶含有400 多种化学成分,其中包括黄酮类、茶多酚、茶多糖、皂苷类以及多种对人体有重要保健作用的微量元素和维生素等,功具有清热解毒、利尿消肿功效,用于咽喉炎、痢疾、肾炎、水肿、尿路感染、黄疸性肝炎、肝硬化腹水、高血压等疾病。金花茶在生长过程中能富集对人体有益的铁、铜、锰、锌、钴、硒、钾、钙、镁等微量元素。将金花茶作为凉茶的主要成分与其他中草药混合配比,目前尚未有相关文献报道。
玫瑰花:味辛、甘,性微温。理气解郁,化湿和中,活血散瘀。玫瑰花含挥发油(玫瑰油),主要为香茅醇、橙花醇、丁香油酚、苯乙醇、壬醇、苯甲醇、芳樟醇、乙酸苯乙酯,以及槲皮甙、苦味质、鞣质、没食子酸、胡萝卜素、红色素等成分。玫瑰油对大鼠有促进胆汁分泌的作用。玫瑰花主要用于治疗肝胃不和,脘腹疼痛,胸闷呕恶,饮食减少,或腹泻;妇女月经不调,跌打损伤,瘀肿疼痛;血瘀出血,吐血,咯血;痈肿或乳痈初起等症。
党参:根甘,平。补中益气,和胃生津,祛痰止咳。用于脾虚食少便溏,四肢无力,心悸,气短,口干,自汗,脱肛,阴挺。
龙眼叶:为无患子科龙眼属植物龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.),以叶入药,全年可采。味味苦,性平。主治清热解毒,解表利湿。用于预防流行性感冒,流行性脑脊髓膜炎,感冒,肠炎;外用治阴囊湿疹等症。
枇杷叶:也味苦、辛,性寒;归肺、心、胃经。清肺止咳,和胃降逆,止渴。主肺热痰嗽;阴虚劳嗽;咳血;胃热偶哕。
土茯苓:利水渗湿、健脾、宁心;分心木;健脾固肾。
薄荷:是中华常用中药之一。它是辛凉性发汗解热药,治流行性感冒、头疼、目赤、身热、咽喉、牙床肿痛等症。外用可治神经痛、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹和湿疹等。平常以薄荷代茶,清心明目。
枸杞:枸杞子性甘,平。枸杞叶:苦、甘;性凉。主要功能:枸杞子:养肝,滋肾,润肺。枸杞叶:补虚益精,清热明目。
橘皮:性苦,温。归脾、肺经。功能主治理气,调中,燥湿,化痰。治胸腹胀满,不思饮食,呕吐哕逆,咳嗽痰多。亦解鱼、蟹毒。
红枣:红枣味甘性温、归脾胃经,有补中益气、养血安神、缓和药性的功能;而现代的药理学则发现,红枣含有蛋白质、脂肪、有机酸、维生素A、维生素C、微量钙多种,对于疏通血管有一定的作用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明在传统凉茶的配方基础之上,运用中药的君臣佐使原则将金花茶、玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣等中草药科学合理配比,在传统凉茶清热解暑、解毒的功效之外,还在降血压的功效上特别突出。具体运用药理为:金花茶、玫瑰花,党参合用为君药,通过清除人体血管和组织中过多的脂肪等物质来促进新陈代谢,从而促进人体代谢,清除人体血液中的废物,起到降低血压的作用;龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓协调人体五脏的运行,让人体五脏运行更加平稳,因此以该三味药作为臣药;薄荷、枸杞、橘皮和红枣调节人体消化系统的微生态,促进有毒物质排出体外,从而疏通血管,降低血压,作为佐使药。总之相比现有技术本发明凉茶中的原料充分利用君臣佐使的原则,起到降低血压的作用,而在本发明大鼠试验当中也能明显看出本发明原料降血压功效明显。相比现有使用的中草药凉茶来说在降血压上的作用明显,也比药物使用更加安全。
(2)本发明制备方法中使用柠檬酸合理调解成品中的酸性,并且去除了提取液中的绿色素,使得所制成品色泽精美,口味上佳,适合饮用。
(3)本发明凉茶为纯中药凉茶,无任何化学添加剂,不会产生任何毒副作用,在本发明试验中也证明该凉茶符合商业无菌标准,可放心饮用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
(1)原料用量组合:金花茶50g、玫瑰花25g、党参10g、龙眼叶20g、枇杷叶10g、土茯苓15g、薄荷10g、枸杞30g、橘皮6g、红枣25g、柠檬酸5g,水2000g。
(2)制备方法:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过130目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,50℃下回流提取2.5h,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为6,进行混合搅拌,在100℃,压力150KPa下灭菌8min,装罐后即可制得成品。
实施例2
(1)原料用量组合:金花茶65g、玫瑰花15g、党参20g、龙眼叶15g、枇杷叶15g、土茯苓5g、薄荷20g、枸杞20g、橘皮18g、红枣15g、柠檬酸10g,水1000g。
(2)制备方法:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过150目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,60℃下回流提取4h,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为7,进行混合搅拌,在120℃,压力180KPa下灭菌10min,装罐后即可制得成品。
实施例3
(1)原料用量组合:金花茶55g、玫瑰花21g、党参13g、龙眼叶19g、枇杷叶12g、土茯苓13g、薄荷12g、枸杞28g、橘皮10g、红枣21g、柠檬酸7g,水1700g。
(2)制备方法:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过130目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,50℃下回流提取4h,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为6,进行混合搅拌,在100℃,压力180KPa下灭菌8min,装罐后即可制得成品。
实施例4
(1)原料用量组合:金花茶55g、玫瑰花21g、党参13g、龙眼叶19g、枇杷叶12g、土茯苓13g、薄荷12g、枸杞28g、橘皮10g、红枣21g、柠檬酸7g,水1700g。
(2)制备方法:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过140目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,60℃下回流提取2.5h,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为7,进行混合搅拌,在120℃,压力150KPa下灭菌10min,装罐后即可制得成品。
实施例5
(1)原料用量组合:金花茶57g、玫瑰花20g、党参15g、龙眼叶17.5g、枇杷叶13g、土茯苓10g、薄荷16g、枸杞26g、橘皮13.7g、红枣19.6g、柠檬酸8.5g,水1500g。
(2)制备方法:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过140目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,55℃下回流提取3h,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为6.5,进行混合搅拌,在110℃,压力160KPa下灭菌9min,装罐后即可制得成品。
将实施例1~5所制得的凉茶进行产品检测,其检测结果如表1所示:
根据国家检测标准要求,各检测项目的标准如下:
外观:体态均匀,半透明,无褐色,可有少量果肉沉淀,无肉眼可见杂质;
滋味与气味:酸甜适宜,细腻爽口,具有芒果的清香,无不良气味;
可溶性固形物含量:大于0.3%;
总酸(以柠檬酸计)g/100ml含量:大于0.03%;
多肽mg100ml含量:大于15%;
商业无菌:应符合商业无菌要求。
表1:各实施例检测项目结果
检验项目 | 外观 | 滋味与气味 | 可溶性固形物(%) | 总酸(以柠檬酸计)g/100ml | 多肽 mg100ml | 商业无菌 |
实施例1 | 合格 | 合格 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 41 | 未检出 |
实施例2 | 合格 | 合格 | 0.43 | 0.08 | 38 | 未检出 |
实施例3 | 合格 | 合格 | 0.49 | 0.07 | 39 | 未检出 |
实施例4 | 合格 | 合格 | 0.46 | 0.10 | 42 | 未检出 |
实施例5 | 合格 | 合格 | 0.51 | 0.12 | 44 | 未检出 |
从表1可以看出,
以下通过动物试验来测试本发明的降血压功效
(1)试验动物:高血压模型的大老鼠,25周龄,体重150±5g;
(2)试验样品:实施例5制备的凉茶;
(3)试验方法:将40 组大老鼠按体重和血压值随机分为4 组,每组8 只,一个模型对照组和三个剂量组,依次以实施例5 制得的凉茶以20、60、100mL/kg 的剂量为给料组,模型组为对照空白组,以去离子水为对照组,各组均灌喂凉茶40 天,每天分别灌喂1 次,末次喂给凉茶后隔3 天测定血压值。
(4)试验结果:在40 天喂给凉茶期间内,对照空白组老鼠的体型和毛绒改变不明显,血压持续偏高;给药组都能改善老鼠的体型肥胖和毛绒光亮,血压值趋于下降,具体结果见表2。
表2:大鼠降血压测试结果
大鼠正常血压范围为在85~120mmHg之间;凡是血压且高于120mmHg以上者确定为高血压模型。由表2可以看出,本发明的凉茶具有较好的降血压功效,随着灌喂剂量的上升效果越明显,在20ml/kg时,血压降低了20mmHg左右,当60ml/kg时,血压降低了22mmHg左右,当100ml/kg时,血压降低了30mmHg左右,效果最好。此外,实施例1~4的凉茶进行上述试验也具有明显降血压的功效。
以上所述仅仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不局限于前述的具体实施方式。本发明扩展到任何在本说明书中披露的新特征或任何新的组合,以及披露的任一新的方法或过程的步骤或任何新的组合。
Claims (6)
1.一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,其特征在于,由以下原料组成:金花茶、玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣、柠檬酸,水;
所述原料的重量份数组成为:金花茶50~65份、玫瑰花15~25份、党参10~20份、龙眼叶15~20份、枇杷叶10~15份、土茯苓5~15份、薄荷10~20份、枸杞20~30份、橘皮6~18份、红枣15~25份、柠檬酸5~10份,水1000~2000份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,其特征在于,由以下重量份数原料组成:金花茶55~60份、玫瑰花17~21份、党参13~18份、龙眼叶16~19份、枇杷叶12~14.5份、土茯苓8~13份、薄荷12~18份、枸杞22~28份、橘皮10~15份、红枣18~21份、柠檬酸7~9.5份,水1300~1700份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶,其特征在于,由以下重量份数原料组成:金花茶57份、玫瑰花20份、党参15份、龙眼叶17.5份、枇杷叶13份、土茯苓10份、薄荷16份、枸杞26份、橘皮13.7份、红枣19.6份、柠檬酸8.5份,水1500份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(a)金花茶处理:选取金花茶的鲜花,去杂菌、清洗,破碎、压榨处理后,得到金花茶浆,备用;
(b)其余原料预处理:将玫瑰花、党参、龙眼叶、枇杷叶、土茯苓、薄荷、枸杞、橘皮、红枣粉碎成粉末,过130~150目筛,得到原料混合粉末,备用;
(c)回流提取,过滤:将步骤(b)中的原料混合粉末加入所需重量份数的水,回流提取,过滤,得到滤液,备用;
(d)合并滤液、灭菌:合并金花茶浆与滤液,加入所需重量份数的柠檬酸调节pH为6~7,进行混合搅拌,灭菌装罐后即可制得成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(c)回流提取,过滤:中回流提取所需条件为在50~60℃下回流提取2.5~4h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种含金花茶的中药降血压凉茶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(d)合并滤液、灭菌:中的灭菌条件为温度100~120℃,压力150~180KPa下灭菌8~10min。
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CN108208267A (zh) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-29 | 刘化君 | 一种降血压、降血脂、降血糖和减肥塑形作用的袋泡酵素养生茶 |
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