CN106718468A - A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718468A CN106718468A CN201510821295.3A CN201510821295A CN106718468A CN 106718468 A CN106718468 A CN 106718468A CN 201510821295 A CN201510821295 A CN 201510821295A CN 106718468 A CN106718468 A CN 106718468A
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- apple tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient apple tree cultural method, methods described including selection of land, seed selection, dilute educate strong sprout, field planting, spacing sleeve cropping, prepare culture medium, prepare the steps such as microbial manure, fertilizing management, fixed pole pruning, insect pest preventing and controlling.The present invention by rational selection of land, seed selection, it is dilute educate strong sprout, field planting, spacing sleeve cropping, culture medium processed, microbial manure processed, fertilizing management, fixed pole pruning and a series of plantation steps of insect pest preventing and controlling, nutrient, sunlight, ventilation and reduction pest and disease damage needed for ensureing Apple Growth, improve yield and quality.The prebiotic bacterial content of composite microbiological fertilizer that the present invention is produced is high, can be also sprayable in plant surface as edaphon modifying agent.The microbial inoculum can promote plant growth, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, strengthen the resistance and resistance against diseases of plant, excellent effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a planting fruit-trees, particularly a kind of efficient apple tree cultural method.
Background technology
Apple tree, is deciduous tree, and usual trees may be up to 15 meters, but the general 3-5 only high of the cultivation of tress
Rice or so.Trunk is in taupe, and bark has a certain degree of coming off.Fruit typically takes on a red color, but need to regard
Depending on kind.The fruit of apple tree be rich in minerals and vitamins, be people's most often to eat fruit it
One.
Mostly based on mountain and hill, 178 meters of mean sea level belongs to temperate zone monsoon type continent to apple tree planting
Weather, 11.3 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, 754 millimeters of average precipitation, average 207 days of frost-free period, four
Season is clearly demarcated, pleasant Climate；Autumn day and night temperature is big, and edaphic condition is suitable, and natural environment is especially suitable for apple
Fruit grows.Up in the cultivation practices in more than 130 years, numerous orchard workers have accumulated abundant technology and experience,
The innovation of production of fruit trees technology is constantly promoted, improving orchard management level has important social effect.
In many measures for ensureing agricultural volume increase, have using chemical fertilizer very important and irreplaceable
Important function.Chemical fertilizer it is a large amount of using the yield that improve crop, also result in nitrate in soil,
A large amount of accumulation of nitrite, harmful chemical residual quantity increases in agricultural product, under making agricultural product quality
Drop, security reduction.Meanwhile, nitrate, the loss of nitrite accumulated in soil pollute water
Source, greatly destruction is caused to ecological environment.Before the current unit area fertilizer amount of China has been in the world
Row, and still have the trend of growth.Therefore, seek to use high-effective microorganism fertilizer, improve chemical fertilizer using effect
Rate, reduces fertilizer application amount, promotes Agricultural product without pollution, is the urgent of current China's agricultural production
Demand.And diseases and pests of agronomic crop is the key factor for influenceing yield, the warp that China is caused by pest and disease damage every year
Ji loss reaches 15%-20%.Therefore, effective disease and pest control is extremely important.For a long time, chemical pesticide
It is the Main Means of China's cultural control pest and disease damage.But excessive administration of chemical pesticide is even abused,
While preventing and treating diseases and pests of agronomic crop, anti-(resistance to) property of medicine of various disease pests is greatly enhanced, so as to form
Vicious circle, not only pollutes environment, and the residual of agricultural chemicals has also had a strong impact on the security of agricultural product.Cause
This, seeks new pest and disease damage bio-control method, efficiently prevents and treats various plant pests, and reduction makes railway carriage or compartment
Learn to farm medicine, reduce the residual of agricultural product Pesticides, be the another problem for being badly in need of in agricultural production solving at present.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of efficient apple tree cultural method.The present invention has raising
The characteristics of fruit tree quality, promotion fruit tree growth, raising fruit tree resistance against diseases.
Technical scheme：A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method, methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) selection of land：Selection soil layer it is deep, fertile, on the sunny side, the content of organic matter≤3.4%, pH=7.2-7.8,
Quality is light, middle earth, and height above sea level 120-350m, irrigation and drainage are easily local；
(2) choose seeds：Seed adopts Hui Houjing and floats screening clearly, removes flat grain；
(3) it is dilute to educate strong sprout：It is required that the density of nursery is less than ten thousand plants/acre of 1.7-2.1, young plant stem rugosity
>=1.2cm, average height 25-40cm；
(4) it is colonized：It is 1.8m × 2.2m to use seeding row spacing, and every mu is colonized 180 plants；
(5) spacing sleeve cropping：Juvenile Stage before the age of apple tree 4 carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping is planted
Thing is short raw herbaceous plant；
(6) culture medium is prepared：By weight by Ipomoea batatas 8-12 parts, peptone 1.5-3 parts, glucose
2-5 parts, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.02-0.06 parts, calcium sulfate 0.02-0.06 parts of mixing, plus pure water 85-100
Part dissolving, sterilize 50-70min at 125-130 DEG C, obtains culture medium；
(7) microbial manure is prepared：The secondary liquid bacterium of brewer's yeast is first inoculated with above-mentioned culture medium
Kind, then 26-30 DEG C of culture 18-22h inoculate the secondary liquid of Lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus
The 1 of strain：1 volume ratio mixed liquor, continues to cultivate 28-34h at 31-36 DEG C, and pH value is down to 2.8-4.7
；Inoculation total amount is 2.5-3.5 weight portions, aseptic subpackaged；
(8) fertilizing management：Every mu is applied 1800-2100kg organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure, microbial manure
Every plant of 5kg；
(9) fixed pole is pruned：Fixed pole height 1.8-2.8m, it is annual after growing into forest to prune once, remove intersection,
Overlap and thin and delicate and deadwood；
(10) insect pest preventing and controlling：Applied with limewash when entering the winter every year and done once.
Foregoing efficient apple tree cultural method, the short raw herbaceous plant of step (5) spacing sleeve cropping
It is：Peanut or potato.
A kind of cultural method of foregoing apple tree, brewer's yeast in the step (7)：Lactobacillus plantarum：
The ratio of lactobacillus acidophilus is 0.5-0.7：1：1.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention by rational selection of land, seed selection, it is dilute educate strong sprout, field planting,
Spacing sleeve cropping, culture medium processed, microbial manure processed, fertilizing management, fixed pole are pruned and insect pest preventing and controlling one
Serial plantation step, it is ensured that nutrient, sunlight, ventilation and reduction pest and disease damage needed for Apple Growth, carries
High yield and quality.The prebiotic bacterial content of composite microbiological fertilizer that the present invention is produced is high, can be used as soil
Microorganism modifying agent, it is also sprayable in plant surface.The microbial inoculum can promote plant growth, improve fertilizer
Utilization rate, strengthens the resistance and resistance against diseases of plant, excellent effect.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated for example below, but be not intended as to the present invention limitation according to
According to.
Embodiment 1
A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method, first select soil layer it is deep, fertile, on the sunny side, organic matter
Content≤3.4%, pH=7.2-7.8, quality is light, middle earth, height above sea level 120-250m, and irrigation and drainage are easily
Side；Seed is adopted into Hui Houjing and floats screening clearly, remove flat grain；It is required that the density of nursery is less than 1.7-1.9 ten thousand
Plant/acre, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 25-33cm；Use seeding row spacing for
1.8m × 2.2m, every mu is colonized 180 plants；Juvenile Stage before the age of apple tree 4 carries out spacing sleeve cropping,
Set planting plants are peanut；By weight by 8 parts of Ipomoea batatas, 1.5 parts of peptone, 2 parts of glucose, phosphorus
0.02 part of potassium hydrogen phthalate, 0.02 part of mixing of calcium sulfate, plus 85 parts of dissolvings of pure water, in 125 DEG C of sterilizings
50min, obtains culture medium；The secondary liquid strain of brewer's yeast, 26 DEG C are first inoculated with above-mentioned culture medium
Culture 18h, then inoculates the 1 of the secondary liquid strain of Lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus：1 body
Product continues to cultivate 28h than mixed liquor at 31 DEG C, and pH value is down to 2.8；Inoculation total amount is 2.5
Weight portion, it is aseptic subpackaged；Every mu is applied 1800kg organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure, every plant of 5kg of microbial manure；
Fixed pole height 1.8m, it is annual after growing into forest to prune once, remove intersection, overlap and thin and delicate and deadwood；Often
Applied with limewash when entering the winter year and done once.
Further illustrate：The Lactobacillus plantarum：The ratio of lactobacillus acidophilus is 0.5-0.7：1：1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method, first select soil layer it is deep, fertile, on the sunny side, organic matter
Content≤3.4%, pH=7.2-7.8, quality is light, middle earth, height above sea level 250-350m, and irrigation and drainage are easily
Side；Seed adopts Hui Houjing and floats screening clearly, removes flat grain；It is required that the density of nursery is less than ten thousand plants of 1.9-2.1
/ mu, young plant stem rugosity >=1.2cm, average height 33-40cm；It is 1.8m × 2.2m to use seeding row spacing,
Every mu is colonized 180 plants；Juvenile Stage before the age of apple tree 4 carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping plant is
Potato；By weight by 12 parts of Ipomoea batatas, 3 parts of peptone, 5 parts of glucose, 0.06 part of potassium hydrogen phosphate,
0.06 part of mixing of calcium sulfate, plus 100 parts of dissolvings of pure water, sterilize 70min at 130 DEG C, obtains culture medium；
The secondary liquid strain of brewer's yeast is first inoculated with above-mentioned culture medium, then 30 DEG C of culture 22h connect again
Plant the 1 of the secondary liquid strain of Lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus：1 volume ratio mixed liquor, at 36 DEG C
Continue to cultivate 34h, pH value is down to 4.7；Inoculation total amount is 3.5 weight portions, aseptic subpackaged；Often
Mu applies 2100kg organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure, every plant of 5kg of microbial manure；Fixed pole height 2.8m, into
It is annual after woods to prune once, remove intersection, overlap and thin and delicate and deadwood；Applied with limewash when entering the winter every year
Do once.
Further illustrate：The Lactobacillus plantarum：The ratio of lactobacillus acidophilus is 0.5-0.7：1：1.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of efficient apple tree cultural method, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land：Selection soil layer it is deep, fertile, on the sunny side, the content of organic matter≤3.4%, pH=7.2-7.8,
Quality is light, middle earth, and height above sea level 120-350m, irrigation and drainage are easily local；
(2) choose seeds：Seed adopts Hui Houjing and floats screening clearly, removes flat grain；
(3) it is dilute to educate strong sprout：It is required that the density of nursery is less than ten thousand plants/acre of 1.7-2.1, young plant stem rugosity
>=1.2cm, average height 25-40cm；
(4) it is colonized：It is 1.8m × 2.2m to use seeding row spacing, and every mu is colonized 180 plants；
(5) spacing sleeve cropping：Juvenile Stage before the age of apple tree 4 carries out spacing sleeve cropping, and spacing sleeve cropping is planted
Thing is short raw herbaceous plant；
(6) culture medium is prepared：By weight by Ipomoea batatas 8-12 parts, peptone 1.5-3 parts, glucose
2-5 parts, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.02-0.06 parts, calcium sulfate 0.02-0.06 parts of mixing, plus pure water 85-100
Part dissolving, sterilize 50-70min at 125-130 DEG C, obtains culture medium；
(7) microbial manure is prepared：The secondary liquid bacterium of brewer's yeast is first inoculated with above-mentioned culture medium
Kind, then 26-30 DEG C of culture 18-22h inoculate the secondary liquid of Lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus
The 1 of strain：1 volume ratio mixed liquor, continues to cultivate 28-34h at 31-36 DEG C, and pH value is down to 2.8-4.7
；Inoculation total amount is 2.5-3.5 weight portions, aseptic subpackaged；
(8) fertilizing management：Every mu is applied 1800-2100kg organic fertilizer base manure barnyard manure, microbial manure
Every plant of 5kg；
(9) fixed pole is pruned：Fixed pole height 1.8-2.8m, it is annual after growing into forest to prune once, remove intersection,
Overlap and thin and delicate and deadwood；
(10) insect pest preventing and controlling：Applied with limewash when entering the winter every year and done once.
2. apple tree cultural method as claimed in claim 1 efficient, it is characterised in that：The step (5)
The short raw herbaceous plant of spacing sleeve cropping is：Peanut or potato.
3. a kind of cultural method of apple tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (7)
Middle brewer's yeast：Lactobacillus plantarum：The ratio of lactobacillus acidophilus is 0.5-0.7：1：1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510821295.3A CN106718468A (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2015-11-24 | A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510821295.3A CN106718468A (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2015-11-24 | A kind of efficient apple tree cultural method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107371946A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 铜仁市万山区大坪乡瓮岩村俊峰精果有限公司 | A kind of apple cultivation method |
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2015
- 2015-11-24 CN CN201510821295.3A patent/CN106718468A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107371946A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 铜仁市万山区大坪乡瓮岩村俊峰精果有限公司 | A kind of apple cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |