CN106717909A - The high-yield planting method of one ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd - Google Patents
The high-yield planting method of one ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd Download PDFInfo
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- CN106717909A CN106717909A CN201611151097.1A CN201611151097A CN106717909A CN 106717909 A CN106717909 A CN 106717909A CN 201611151097 A CN201611151097 A CN 201611151097A CN 106717909 A CN106717909 A CN 106717909A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses the high-yield planting method of ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd, including nursery, field planting, be colonized after the step such as management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, harvesting, what the Nutrition Soil of nursery was made up of each raw material of following weight parts:30 40 parts of garden mould, 20 30 parts of turfy soil, 23 parts of capsicum leaf, 46 parts of tea grounds, 0.4 1 parts of coconut milk, 0.5 1 parts of potassium sorbate, 0.5 1 parts of yeast selenium; implantation methods of the present invention are specifically designed for taro perfume wax gourd; according to the growth characteristic of taro perfume wax gourd; links to growth course quantify; the quality and yield of taro perfume wax gourd can be effectively improved, is adapted to large-scale promotion application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of high-yield planting side of introduced variety taro perfume wax gourd
Method.
Background technology
Taro perfume wax gourd also cries taro taste wax gourd, and introduced variety of new generation, the emerald green wax gourd of oblate spheroid, meat thickness, meat are soft
Exquisiteness, can give out natural taro perfume after being cooked, local flavor is pleasant.Being seeded into receipts phase beginning is about 80 days, slightly cured powder after maturation.Most
Good suitable 1.5-2 kilograms of receipts fruit weight, maturity period fruit weight is reachable 2.5-4 kilograms, belongs to middle-size and small-size wax gourd, is adapted to nuclear family and eats, most
It is adapted to do wax gourd stew cup, is the indispensable dish in the top grade diet place such as restaurant, dining room.Kind high temperature resistant, can be in the torrid zone and sub- heat
Band area is planted, while accumulating is good, due to belonging to introduced variety, many general planting patterns using wax gourd, do not have still at present
Specifically designed for the planting technology of this kind, manage more extensive, quality and quantity are all difficult to be protected.
The content of the invention,
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-yield planting method specifically designed for taro perfume wax gourd, the product of taro perfume wax gourd is improved
Amount and quality, are adapted to large-scale promotion application.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
The high-yield planting method of one ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd, comprises the following steps:
1) nursery:
1. seedling nutritious soil prepares, what described Nutrition Soil was made up of each raw material of following weight percentage:Garden mould 30-
40 parts, turfy soil 20-30 parts, capsicum leaf 2-3 parts, tea grounds 4-6 parts, coconut milk 0.4-1 parts, potassium sorbate 0.5-1 parts, yeast selenium
0.5-1 parts;
2. presoaking and germinating, seed is put into 60 DEG C of hot water, does not stop stirring, when water temperature drops to 28 DEG C or so, is pulled out and is put
Soaked 20 minutes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, seed is cleaned with clear water after pulling out, then it is small using seed soaking agent seed soaking 5-8
When, pull out and rinsed several times with clear water, the mucus of the surface of the seed, dirt are washed away, then seed coat is dried, then with clean
Wet gauze or wet towel are wrapped, and are placed on 25-30 DEG C of condition vernalization;During vernalization, seed is stirred 1-2 times daily, make kind
In sub- heap, out-pile temperature uniformity, after 1 day, can sowing during bud 0.1-0.3cm long;
3. sow, before sowing, mass concentration of first being splashed to Nutrition Soil surface is 1.25% sodium bicarbonate solution to soil layer
1.3-1.7 centimetres of depth moistening, during the seed for sprouting lain in into Nutrition Soil, covers the dry fine earths of 1-2cm after broadcasting;Cover ground on soil
Film, adds Small plastic shed on seedbed, night adds straw mat to be incubated on shed;
4. seedling management, when 2/3 seed sprouting, removes mulch film in time;Keep 22-30 DEG C, night 10-15 daytime
℃;Field planting is first 5 days
Control water drenching, promotes root growth flourishing, and is vented to big ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until 2-3 days before field planting
The principle for all taking off film carries out hardening;
2) it is colonized:The fertile sandy loam that melon, draining convenience, PH6.5-7 were not planted in 2 years is selected as plantation field,
Every mu paving apply decomposed manure 2000-3000kg, calcium superphosphate 50-100kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20-30kg, potassium sulfate 10-20kg,
Zinc sulfate 0.1-0.5kg, after paving fertilising material, ploughs deeply soil 30cm, then harrows thin, leveling;Dug by seeding row spacing 0.5-1 × 1-1.5m
Plantation hole, transplants;Climbing rack, shelf 0.6-0.8m high, 3 × 5m of seeding row spacing are set;
3) management after being colonized:
1. rich water quality management
A, sowing time:Every mu is applied organic commercial fertilizer 300-500kg, calcium superphosphate 40-50kg, zinc sulfate 20-30kg;
B, seedling stage:Every mu is applied nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg, urea 50-80kg, N in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, P,
K contents ratio is 4: 1: 2;
C, stretch the climing phase:Climing phase fertilizer being stretched gradually by N high fertilizer steering balance fertilizer, increasing K contents, N, P, K contain in control fertilizer
Than being 1: 1: 1, first female flower controls fertilizer control water to amount after opening, prevent excessive growth;
D, bloom, tie the melon phase:After wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly based on K high fertilizer, N, P, K content ratio are in controlling fertilizer
16: 9: 20, melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, keeps ground moistening, rainwater day to note draining, prevents ponding, receives 10 days before melon,
Moisture should be controlled, is preserved with profit;
2. Plant adjustment
A, training:3 climing, 3-4 leaf pinching are stayed, Section five is stayed second or first melon of the 3rd female flower knot in main stem,
All of side shoot before melon is extractd, and 2 leaf pinching are stayed after melon, after the lateral bine on melon section sits melon, 2 are still stayed after this melon
Leaf pinching, equally extracts all side shoots in addition to melon section;
B, artificial pollination:Artificial pollination is carried out in every morning in florescence 9-10 point, 1 male flower smears 2-3 female flower, if
When male flower amount is not enough, the gibberellin for adding 20mg/kg with 2, the 4-D of 50-100mg/kg smears holder and column cap;
4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease pest has:Epidemic disease, anthracnose, virosis, aphid etc.;Anti- epidemic disease 30%DT500 times of liquid or 10% polyoxin
100g sprays;Anti- anthracnose is prevented and treated with 400-600 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of jinggangmycin or Cal-cop 10;Diseases prevention viral disease is sick with 20%
1200 times of liquid irrigating roots of malicious A500-600 times of liquid or viral A600 times of liquid+potassium permanganate, every plant of 250-500mL;Anti- aphid can use
10% 3000 times of AVM liquid, every mu is used 30-40kg;
5) harvest:Can harvesting after melon is sat 30-40 days.
Preferably, step 1) seed soaking agent is by mass percentage by 3.5% ethanol, 0.5% borax, 0.001% red
Mycin, 0.1% mannose, 0.65% aspartic acid, remaining is constituted for water.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Implantation methods of the present invention are specifically designed for taro perfume wax gourd, and the growth according to taro perfume wax gourd is special
Point, the links to growth course quantify, and can effectively improve the quality and yield of taro perfume wax gourd, and suitable scale is pushed away
Wide application.
Specific embodiment
To make technical solution of the present invention more specific, it is easier to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment for the present invention makees into one
Step explanation.
Embodiment 1
The high-yield planting method of one ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd, comprises the following steps:
1) nursery:
1. seedling nutritious soil prepares, what described Nutrition Soil was made up of each raw material of following weight percentage:Garden mould 30
Part, 20 parts of turfy soil, 2 parts of capsicum leaf, 4 parts of tea grounds, 0.4 part of coconut milk, 0.5 part of potassium sorbate, 0.5 part of yeast selenium;
2. presoaking and germinating, seed is put into 60 DEG C of hot water, does not stop stirring, when water temperature drops to 28 DEG C or so, is pulled out and is put
Soaked 20 minutes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, seed is cleaned with clear water after pulling out, then it is small using seed soaking agent seed soaking 5-8
When, pull out and rinsed several times with clear water, the mucus of the surface of the seed, dirt are washed away, then seed coat is dried, then with clean
Wet gauze or wet towel are wrapped, and are placed on 25-30 DEG C of condition vernalization;During vernalization, seed is stirred 1-2 times daily, make kind
In sub- heap, out-pile temperature uniformity, after 1 day, can sowing during bud 0.1-0.3cm long;Seed soaking agent is by mass percentage
By 3.5% ethanol, 0.5% borax, 0.001% gibberellin, 0.1% mannose, 0.65% aspartic acid, remaining is constituted for water.
3. sow, before sowing, mass concentration of first being splashed to Nutrition Soil surface is 1.25% sodium bicarbonate solution to soil layer
1.3-1.7 centimetres of depth moistening, during the seed for sprouting lain in into Nutrition Soil, covers the dry fine earths of 1-2cm after broadcasting;Cover ground on soil
Film, adds Small plastic shed on seedbed, night adds straw mat to be incubated on shed;
4. seedling management, when 2/3 seed sprouting, removes mulch film in time;Keep 22-30 DEG C, night 10-15 daytime
℃;Field planting is first 5 days
Control water drenching, promotes root growth flourishing, and is vented to big ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until 2-3 days before field planting
The principle for all taking off film carries out hardening;
2) it is colonized:The fertile sandy loam that melon, draining convenience, PH6.5-7 were not planted in 2 years is selected as plantation field,
Every mu of paving applies decomposed manure 3000kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 30kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, zinc sulfate 0.3kg, paving
After fertilising material, soil 30cm is ploughed deeply, then harrow thin, leveling;Plantation hole is dug by seeding row spacing 0.5-1 × 1-1.5m, is transplanted;Setting is climbed
Help frame, shelf 0.6-0.8m high, 3 × 5m of seeding row spacing;
3) management after being colonized:
1. rich water quality management
A, sowing time:Every mu is applied organic commercial fertilizer 300kg, calcium superphosphate 40kg, zinc sulfate 20kg;
B, seedling stage:Every mu is applied nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100kg, urea 50kg, N, P, K content ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
It is 4: 1: 2;
C, stretch the climing phase:Climing phase fertilizer being stretched gradually by N high fertilizer steering balance fertilizer, increasing K contents, N, P, K contain in control fertilizer
Than being 1: 1: 1, first female flower controls fertilizer control water to amount after opening, prevent excessive growth;
D, bloom, tie the melon phase:After wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly based on K high fertilizer, N, P, K content ratio are in controlling fertilizer
16: 9: 20, melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, keeps ground moistening, rainwater day to note draining, prevents ponding, receives 10 days before melon,
Moisture should be controlled, is preserved with profit;
2. Plant adjustment
A, training:3 climing, 3-4 leaf pinching are stayed, Section five is stayed second or first melon of the 3rd female flower knot in main stem,
All of side shoot before melon is extractd, and 2 leaf pinching are stayed after melon, after the lateral bine on melon section sits melon, 2 are still stayed after this melon
Leaf pinching, equally extracts all side shoots in addition to melon section;
B, artificial pollination:Artificial pollination is carried out in every morning in florescence 9-10 point, 1 male flower smears 2-3 female flower, if
When male flower amount is not enough, the gibberellin for adding 20mg/kg with 2, the 4-D of 50-100mg/kg smears holder and column cap;
4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease pest has:Epidemic disease, anthracnose, virosis, aphid etc.;Anti- epidemic disease 30%DT500 times of liquid or 10% polyoxin
100g sprays;Anti- anthracnose is prevented and treated with 400-600 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of jinggangmycin or Cal-cop 10;Diseases prevention viral disease is sick with 20%
1200 times of liquid irrigating roots of malicious A500-600 times of liquid or viral A600 times of liquid+potassium permanganate, every plant of 250-500mL;Anti- aphid can use
10% 3000 times of AVM liquid, every mu is used 30-40kg;
5) harvest:Can harvesting after melon is sat 30-40 days.
Embodiment 2
The high-yield planting method of one ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd, comprises the following steps:
1) nursery:
1. seedling nutritious soil prepares, what described Nutrition Soil was made up of each raw material of following weight percentage:Garden mould 40
Part, 30 parts of turfy soil, 3 parts of capsicum leaf, 6 parts of tea grounds, 1 part of coconut milk, 1 part of potassium sorbate, 1 part of yeast selenium;
2. presoaking and germinating, seed is put into 60 DEG C of hot water, does not stop stirring, when water temperature drops to 28 DEG C or so, is pulled out and is put
Soaked 20 minutes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, seed is cleaned with clear water after pulling out, then it is small using seed soaking agent seed soaking 5-8
When, pull out and rinsed several times with clear water, the mucus of the surface of the seed, dirt are washed away, then seed coat is dried, then with clean
Wet gauze or wet towel are wrapped, and are placed on 25-30 DEG C of condition vernalization;During vernalization, seed is stirred 1-2 times daily, make kind
In sub- heap, out-pile temperature uniformity, after 1 day, can sowing during bud 0.1-0.3cm long;The seed soaking agent presses quality percentage
Than counting by 3.5% ethanol, 0.5% borax, 0.001% gibberellin, 0.1% mannose, 0.65% aspartic acid, remaining is water structure
Into;
3. sow, before sowing, mass concentration of first being splashed to Nutrition Soil surface is 1.25% sodium bicarbonate solution to soil layer
1.3-1.7 centimetres of depth moistening, during the seed for sprouting lain in into Nutrition Soil, covers the dry fine earths of 1-2cm after broadcasting;Cover ground on soil
Film, adds Small plastic shed on seedbed, night adds straw mat to be incubated on shed;
4. seedling management, when 2/3 seed sprouting, removes mulch film in time;Keep 22-30 DEG C, night 10-15 daytime
℃;Field planting is first 5 days
Control water drenching, promotes root growth flourishing, and is vented to big ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until 2-3 days before field planting
The principle for all taking off film carries out hardening;
2) it is colonized:The fertile sandy loam that melon, draining convenience, PH6.5-7 were not planted in 2 years is selected as plantation field,
Every mu of paving applies decomposed manure 2000kg, calcium superphosphate 100kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, zinc sulfate 0.5kg, paving
After fertilising material, soil 30cm is ploughed deeply, then harrow thin, leveling;Plantation hole is dug by seeding row spacing 0.5-1 × 1-1.5m, is transplanted;Setting is climbed
Help frame, shelf 0.6-0.8m high, 3 × 5m of seeding row spacing;
3) management after being colonized:
1. rich water quality management
A, sowing time:Every mu is applied organic commercial fertilizer 500kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, zinc sulfate 30kg;
B, seedling stage:Every mu is applied nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 120kg, urea 80kg, N, P, K content ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
It is 4: 1: 2;
C, stretch the climing phase:Climing phase fertilizer being stretched gradually by N high fertilizer steering balance fertilizer, increasing K contents, N, P, K contain in control fertilizer
Than being 1: 1: 1, first female flower controls fertilizer control water to amount after opening, prevent excessive growth;
D, bloom, tie the melon phase:After wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly based on K high fertilizer, N, P, K content ratio are in controlling fertilizer
16: 9: 20, melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, keeps ground moistening, rainwater day to note draining, prevents ponding, receives 10 days before melon,
Moisture should be controlled, is preserved with profit;
2. Plant adjustment
A, training:3 climing, 3-4 leaf pinching are stayed, Section five is stayed second or first melon of the 3rd female flower knot in main stem,
All of side shoot before melon is extractd, and 2 leaf pinching are stayed after melon, after the lateral bine on melon section sits melon, 2 are still stayed after this melon
Leaf pinching, equally extracts all side shoots in addition to melon section;
B, artificial pollination:Artificial pollination is carried out in every morning in florescence 9-10 point, 1 male flower smears 2-3 female flower, if
When male flower amount is not enough, the gibberellin for adding 20mg/kg with 2, the 4-D of 50-100mg/kg smears holder and column cap;
4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease pest has:Epidemic disease, anthracnose, virosis, aphid etc.;Anti- epidemic disease 30%DT500 times of liquid or 10% polyoxin
100g sprays;Anti- anthracnose is prevented and treated with 400-600 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of jinggangmycin or Cal-cop 10;Diseases prevention viral disease is sick with 20%
1200 times of liquid irrigating roots of malicious A500-600 times of liquid or viral A600 times of liquid+potassium permanganate, every plant of 250-500mL;Anti- aphid can use
10% 3000 times of AVM liquid, every mu is used 30-40kg;
5) harvest:Can harvesting after melon is sat 30-40 days.
Claims (2)
1. a ganoid konjaku taro perfume wax gourd high-yield planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) nursery:
1. seedling nutritious soil prepares, what described Nutrition Soil was made up of each raw material of following weight parts:Garden mould 30-40 parts, grass
20-30 parts of charcoal soil, capsicum leaf 2-3 parts, tea grounds 4-6 parts, coconut milk 0.4-1 parts, potassium sorbate 0.5-1 parts, yeast selenium 0.5-1
Part;
2. presoaking and germinating, seed is put into 60 DEG C of hot water, does not stop stirring, when water temperature drops to 28 DEG C or so, is pulled out and is placed on
Soaked 20 minutes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, seed cleaned with clear water after pulling out, then soaked seed 5-8 hours using seed soaking agent,
Pull out and rinsed several times with clear water, the mucus of the surface of the seed, dirt are washed away, then dry seed coat, then with clean wet
Gauze or wet towel are wrapped, and are placed on 25-30 DEG C of condition vernalization;During vernalization, seed is stirred 1-2 times daily, make seed
In heap, out-pile temperature uniformity, after 1 day, can sowing during bud 0.1-0.3cm long;
3. sow, before sowing, mass concentration of first being splashed to Nutrition Soil surface is 1.25% sodium bicarbonate solution to soil layer 1.3-1.7
Centimetre depth moistening, during the seed for sprouting lain in into Nutrition Soil, covers the dry fine earths of 1-2cm after broadcasting;Covering with plastic film on soil, seedbed
Upper plus Small plastic shed, night adds straw mat to be incubated on shed;
4. seedling management, when 2/3 seed sprouting, removes mulch film in time;Keep 22-30 DEG C, 10-15 DEG C of night daytime;It is fixed
Plant first 5 days
Control water drenching, promotes root growth flourishing, and is vented to big ventilation according to Ying Cong little, until 2-3 days before field planting are all
The principle for taking off film carries out hardening;
2) it is colonized:
Select the fertile sandy loam that melon, draining convenience, PH6.5-7 were not planted in 2 years as plantation field, every mu of paving is applied and become thoroughly decomposed
Organic fertilizer 2000-3000kg, calcium superphosphate 50-100kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20-30kg, potassium sulfate 10-20kg, zinc sulfate 0.1-
0.5kg, after paving fertilising material, ploughs deeply soil 30cm, then harrows thin, leveling;Plantation hole is dug by seeding row spacing 0.5-1 × 1-1.5m, is moved
Plant;Climbing rack, shelf 0.6-0.8m high, 3 × 5m of seeding row spacing are set;
3) management after being colonized:
1. rich water quality management
A, sowing time:Every mu is applied organic commercial fertilizer 300-500kg, calcium superphosphate 40-50kg, zinc sulfate 20-30kg;
B, seedling stage:Every mu is applied nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg, urea 50-80kg, and N, P, K contain in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
Amount is than being 4: 1: 2;
C, stretch the climing phase:Climing phase fertilizer is stretched gradually by N high fertilizer steering balance fertilizer, increases K contents, N, P, K content ratio in control fertilizer
It is 1: 1: 1, first female flower controls fertilizer control water after opening, prevent excessive growth;
D, bloom, tie the melon phase:After wax gourd flowering and fruit bearing, mainly based on K high fertilizer, N, P, K content ratio are 16: 9 in controlling fertilizer:
20, melon and fruit expanding stage water requirement is maximum, keeps ground moistening, rainwater day to note draining, prevents ponding, receives 10 days before melon, should control
Moisture processed, is preserved with profit;
2. Plant adjustment
A, training:3 climing, 3-4 leaf pinching are stayed, Section five is stayed second or first melon of the 3rd female flower knot in main stem, melon
Preceding all of side shoot is extractd, and 2 leaf pinching are stayed after melon, after the lateral bine on melon section sits melon, still stays 2 leaves to pluck after this melon
The heart, equally extracts all side shoots in addition to melon section;
B, artificial pollination:Artificial pollination is carried out in every morning in florescence 9-10 point, 1 male flower smears 2-3 female flower, if male flower
When amount is not enough, the gibberellin for adding 20mg/kg with 2, the 4-D of 50-100mg/kg smears holder and column cap;
4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease pest has:Epidemic disease, anthracnose, virosis, aphid etc.;Anti- epidemic disease 30%DT500 times of liquid or 10% polyoxin 100g
Spraying;Anti- anthracnose is prevented and treated with 400-600 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of jinggangmycin or Cal-cop 10;Diseases prevention viral disease is viral with 20%
1200 times of liquid irrigating roots of A500-600 times of liquid or viral A600 times of liquid+potassium permanganate, every plant of 250-500mL;Anti- aphid can use 10%
3000 times of liquid of AVM, every mu is used 30-40kg;
5) harvest:Can harvesting after melon is sat 30-40 days.
2. the high-yield planting method of fragrant wax gourd according to claim 1, step 1) seed soaking agent is by mass percentage
By 3.5% ethanol, 0.5% borax, 0.001% gibberellin, 0.1% mannose, 0.65% aspartic acid, remaining is constituted for water.
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CN107466624A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-15 | 桂平市蒙圩镇火炎种养专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of high-quality Winter melon |
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