CN106699408A - Biological green manure for promoting high yield of longan and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological green manure for promoting high yield of longan and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of longan cultivation, and particularly relates to a biological green manure for promoting high yield of longan and a preparation method of the biological green manure. The green manure comprises a green manure base material, a soil conditioner and a sterilizing and pest expelling substance, wherein the mass ratio of the green manure base material to the soil conditioner to the sterilizing and pest expelling substance is (50-60):(10-15):(3-8). The main ingredients of the green manure base material are astragalus smicus, radix isatidis residues, soybean straw, washing water of rice, citrus peel, passion fruit peel and green tea residues; and the base material is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to meet the growth requirement and the fruit bearing requirement of longan. The soil conditioner is further added in the biological green manure, so that the soil is further conditioned, and the fruit cracking rate of longan is reduced. The sterilizing and pest expelling substance in the biological green manure is mainly from a plant source, is easy to degrade under light conditions, is an environment-friendly and efficient sterilizing and pest expelling substance, and does not cause pesticide residues.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to Longan Cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of biological green manure for promoting longan high yield and its preparation
Method.
【Background technology】
Longan (scientific name：Dimocarpus longan), it is Chinese fruit also known as longan, lichee slave, sub- lichee, swallow ovum；
Longest-lived was all the big precious fruit in south China four, because its fruity is fresh and sweet, fresh up to more than 400 years with lichee, banana, pineapple (pineapple)
It is beautiful, be of high nutritive value and enjoy people to like, Guangxi is subtropical zone, with the cultivation advantageous advantage of longan.But
In recent years, in order to improve the yield of longan, many Planting households are continuously applied to inorganic fertilizer in planting process and longan are urged
Fertilizer, fruit promoting；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to longan using inorganic pesticide, although short time effect is significant, can bring huge to orchard worker
Economic benefit, but increasingly highlight in the long run, the drawbacks of inorganic fertilizer and agricultural chemicals；Chronic administration inorganic fertilizer is due to lacking
Weary humus will cause soil hardening, so as to influence the nutritive value of soil, cause soil acid-base imbalance, and longan easily causes
Dehiscent fruit phenomenon；And applying pesticides, although pest and disease damage can be driven away, but Inorganic chemical composition is come from because agricultural chemicals is most of, certainly
Can not be degraded in right boundary, it will be enriched in longan pulp, can be bigger if pulp is dried into rear content, it will have a strong impact on people
Class it is healthy, therefore, need to solve following problem in longan planting process：(1) solving applying chemical fertilizer causes soil
Hardened, the easy dehiscent fruit of longan in ground, the bad problem of quality；(2) solve to carry out sterilized, expelling parasite using agricultural chemicals, cause residues of pesticides
Threaten the problem of human body health.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a kind of biological green manure of promotion longan high yield and preparation method thereof, can improve
The fruit bearing rate of longan, improves Longan Output, while not resulting in longan dehiscent fruit also, and can also reach economic and environment-friendly expeling dragon
Illness in eye insect pest, solves the threat of residues of pesticides.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of biological green manure of promotion longan high yield, including green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance, it is described
The mass ratio of green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance is 50-60:10-15:3-8；
The green manure base-material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
35 parts -45 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 12 parts -25 parts of Radix Isatidis residue, 17 parts -33 parts of soybean straw, 5 parts -14 parts
Rice washing swill, 14 parts -19 parts of orange peel, 17 parts -34 parts of passion fruit skin and 16 parts -28 parts of green tea slag；
The soil conditioner is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
47 parts -65 parts of humic acid, 24 parts -32 parts of wood chip, 3 parts -5 parts of glycine betaine, 16 parts -28 parts of humic acid and
33 parts -47 parts of longan leaf；
The sterilized anthelmintic substance is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
54 parts -62 parts of triperygium wilfordii extractive, 57 parts -61 parts of pepper extract, 12 parts -25 parts of horseradish extract and
25 parts -35 parts of Moringa extract.
Further, the Radix Isatidis residue processing method is：Radix Isatidis is carried out into infusion 2h- with the water of equal quality part
3h, continues to carry out infusion to the water of addition equal quality part in Radix Isatidis after removing liquid, and 3-5 filtering afterwards of infusion repeatedly is removed
Fall liquid and obtain solid residue, then by solid residue dry to moisture for 10%-20% is crushed again, by 200 mesh-
The screen cloth of 500 mesh obtains Radix Isatidis residue by screening.
Further, the green tea slag processing method is：Green tea is carried out into immersion 2h- with the 20-25 times of boiling water of mass parts
3h, continues to carry out immersion 30min-60min to the 10-15 times of boiling water of mass parts of addition in green tea after removing liquid, is removed by filtration
Liquid obtains solid residue, then dries to moisture as 5%-10% is crushed again solid residue, by the mesh of 50 mesh -100
Screen cloth obtain green tea slag by screening.
Further, the triperygium wilfordii extractive processing method is：By moisture content for the thunder godvine of 5%-10% is cut into
2mm-5mm thick thin slice, is then 60% (v/v's) -70% (v/v) to 2-3 times of mass parts percentage by volume is added in thin slice
Methanol solution is soaked, and after immersion 24h-26h, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, methanol solution is removed, then by remainder
Liquid concentrated, be concentrated to concentrate be stoste volume 1/3 stopping be concentrated to give triperygium wilfordii extractive.
Further, the pepper extract processing method is：It is the Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit of 2%-3% by moisture content, then will
Chinese prickly ash pulverizes and is put into equal quality part percentage by volume for the ethanol solution of 70% (v/v) -90% (v/v) is soaked, and soaks
After 5h-8h, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to dense
Contracting liquid is concentrated to give pepper extract for 1/4 stopping of stoste volume.
Further, the horseradish extract processing method is：Fresh horseradish stem is pulverized with mortar, is subsequently adding so
Add afterwards with the percentage by volume for pulverizing the quality such as thing as 30% (v/v) -40% (v/v) butanol solution carries out refluxing extraction, carry
Mixed liquor is filtered after taking 1h-2h, is removed filter residue, filtrate is extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, extraction time
It is 1h, ethyl acetate phase is collected after the completion of extraction concentrated remaining liquid after vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate,
It is concentrated to 1/5 stopping that concentrate is stoste volume and is concentrated to give Moringa extract.
Further, the Moringa extract processing method is：By moisture content for the Moringa trunk of 10%-15% is cut with knife
It is then 70% (v/v) -90% (v/v) to 2-3 times of mass parts percentage by volume is added in thin slice into the thick thin slices of 2mm-5mm
Ethanol solution soaked, after immersion 24h-26h, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, then will be remaining
Under liquid concentrated, be concentrated to concentrate be stoste volume 1/6 stopping be concentrated to give Moringa extract.
Further, methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) green manure base-material pretreatment：Whole strain Chinese milk vetch, the Huang that moisture content is 5%-10% by moisture content for 5%-10%
Beans bar and moisture content obtain Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal, institute for the orange peel of 5%-10% carries out crushing respectively
The granularity for stating Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal is all the mesh of 200 mesh -300；Then Chinese milk vetch is weighed by the weight portion
Powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag；By Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder,
After citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag are uniformly mixed, fermented under conditions of being 26 DEG C -30 DEG C in temperature, sent out
The rice washing swill of the weight portion is added after ferment 20d-30d, the pretreatment of green manure base-material is completed；
(2) soil conditioner treatment：By moisture content for the longan leaf and moisture content of 2%-5% are the wood chip point of 4%-7%
Do not carry out crushing and obtain longan leaf powder and wood dust, the granularity of the longan leaf powder and wood dust is all the mesh of 200 mesh -300；Then
Humic acid, wood dust, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf powder are weighed by the weight portion and uniformly mixed, complete soil
The treatment of conditioning agent；
(3) mix：Triperygium wilfordii extractive, pepper extract, horseradish extract and Moringa are weighed by the weight portion to extract
Thing is obtained sterilization anthelmintic substance after uniformly being mixed；Green manure base-material, step after step (1) is processed are weighed by the weight ratio
(2) soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance after processing；After weighing, by green manure base-material and step (2) after step (1) treatment
The carrying out of the soil conditioner after treatment uniformly mixes, and is then dried, and it is described to be added after 2%-5% to be dried to moisture
Weight than sterilized anthelmintic substance obtain biological green manure..
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) biological green manure of the invention includes green manure base-material, soil conditioner and several compositions of sterilized anthelmintic substance；Its
In, in green manure base-material, contain nitrogen content Chinese milk vetch higher and soybean straw；Containing potassium content Radix Isatidis residue higher and green
Tea grounds, contains micronutrient levels orange peel higher and passion fruit skin；Contain P elements rice washing swill higher；By Reasonable
Than, make to be rich in nitrogen, potassium element, P elements and trace element in green manure base-material, meanwhile, the content of nitrogen is higher, according to longan
Physiological requirements can meet demand of the longan Post flowering to nitrogenous fertilizer, and substrate material of the invention also by fermentation after be made again
Fertilizer, can improve the humus content of substrate material, can be effectively improved soil.
(2) soil conditioner of the invention is mainly that some content of humic acid are high, and with the material of larger hole, it is main
If：Humic acid, wood chip, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf；Humic acid and humic acid can improve the content of humic acid of soil,
But wood chip has larger hole, can adjust the air penetrability of soil, and glycine betaine has moisture absorbing, can preserve moisture beet
Alkali can not be added, and add to cause the free ammonium ion in organic fertilizer to be decomposed failure, studied through inventor and found, in soil
3 parts -5 parts of addition is most appropriate in conditioning agent；Longan leaf derives from the dead leaf of longan, wherein containing abundant mineral matter and humic
Matter, because its porosity is larger after being crushed, can be effectively improved the air penetrability of soil.
(3) sterilized anthelmintic substance of the invention is mainly derived from plant source, is likely to occur in planting process according to longan
Pest and disease damage and growing environment the characteristics of allocated, extracted effective sterilization component in plant, sterilized expelling parasite can be reached
Purpose；Wherein triperygium wilfordii extractive mainly takes from Thunder God tendril, wherein can effectively kill insect containing abundant Thunder God alkali；Chinese prickly ash
Main component is limonene, cumic alcohol, imperial geraniol, phytosterol, unsaturated organic acid etc., its tanginess, taste in extract
Road is pungent, and insect food refusal can also be enable effectively to disinfest while bactericidal action is played；Horseradish extract is main from horseradish
Stem in extract, containing rich in protein, fat, vitamin C, soluble N-free thing and cellulose, while also containing rich
The trace element such as rich iron, sulphur, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, copper, zinc can meet the growth needs of longan, meanwhile, also containing different in horseradish
Thiocyanates make horseradish also have acid, can make worm ant food refusal, with very strong antibacterial, worm-expelling；Moringa extract is mainly taken from peppery
The trunk of wood, wherein containing abundant vitamin e, vitamin A, protein and vitamin c, also rich in the micro unit such as iron, copper, sulphur
Element can meet the growth needs of longan, meanwhile, also containing alkaloid to the toxic effect of worm ant in Moringa；In summary, this hair
Bright sterilized anthelmintic substance is mainly derived from plant source, by after the extraction of distinct methods, corresponding active component content all can
It is corresponding to improve, meanwhile, the difference according to longan planting soil, growing environment carries out rational proportion, can effectively reach sterilized, expelling parasite
Purpose, the decayed fruit rate of longan can be reduced.
【Specific embodiment】
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, each
Feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
1st, the biological green manure of the present embodiment includes that specifically proportioning is for green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance：
The mass ratio of green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance is 50:10:3；
(1) the making formula of wherein green manure base-material is：35 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 12 parts of Radix Isatidis residue, 17 parts of soya bean
Bar, 5 parts of rice washing swill, 14 parts of orange peel, 17 parts of passion fruit skin and 16 parts of green tea slag；
In this formula, Radix Isatidis residue processing method is：Radix Isatidis is carried out into infusion 2h with the water of equal quality part, is removed
Continue to carry out infusion to the water of addition equal quality part in Radix Isatidis after liquid, infusion repeatedly is removed by filtration liquid for 3 times and obtains afterwards
To solid residue, then solid residue is dried to moisture as 10% is crushed again, plate is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 200 mesh
Blue root residue；
In this formula, green tea slag processing method is：Green tea is carried out into immersion 2h with 20 times of boiling water of mass parts, liquid is removed
Continue to carry out immersion 30min to 10 times of boiling water of mass parts of addition in green tea afterwards, be removed by filtration liquid and obtain solid residue, then
Solid residue is dried to moisture as 5% is crushed again, green tea slag is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 50 mesh.
(2) the making formula of wherein soil conditioner is：47 parts of humic acid, 24 parts of wood chip, 3 parts of glycine betaine, 16
The humic acid and 33 parts of longan leaf of part；
(3) the making formula of wherein sterilized anthelmintic substance is：54 parts of triperygium wilfordii extractive, 57 parts of pepper extract,
12 parts of horseradish extract and 25 parts of Moringa extract.
In this formula, triperygium wilfordii extractive processing method is：The thunder godvine that moisture content is 5% is cut into the thick thin slices of 2mm,
Then soaked to the methanol solution for adding 2 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be 60% (v/v) in thin slice, after immersion 24h, mistake
Leaching filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes methanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate for stoste
1/3 stopping of volume is concentrated to give triperygium wilfordii extractive；
In this formula, pepper extract processing method is：By the Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit that moisture content is 2%, then Chinese prickly ash is pulverized
Equal quality part percentage by volume is put into for the ethanol solution of 70% (v/v) is soaked, after immersion 5h, filtering to take filtrate is carried out
Vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, and it is 1/4 of stoste volume to be concentrated to concentrate
Stopping is concentrated to give pepper extract；
In this formula, horseradish extract processing method is：Fresh horseradish stem is pulverized with mortar, is subsequently adding and then is added
Enter with the percentage by volume for pulverizing the quality such as thing for 30% (v/v) butanol solution carries out refluxing extraction, by mixed liquor after extraction 1h
Filtered, removed filter residue, filtrate is extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, extraction time is 1h, received after the completion of extraction
Collection ethyl acetate phase concentrated remaining liquid after vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate, is concentrated to concentrate for stoste
1/5 stopping of volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
In this formula, Moringa extract processing method is：It is cut into the Moringa trunk that moisture content is 10% by knife 2mm thickness
Thin slice, then to adding 2 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be soaked for the ethanol solution of 70% (v/v) in thin slice, soaks 24h
Afterwards, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate
For 1/6 stopping of stoste volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
2nd, promote the biological green manure preparation method of longan high yield in the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) green manure base-material pretreatment：By whole strain Chinese milk vetch that moisture content is 5%, the soybean straw that moisture content is 5% and aqueous
Rate is that 5% orange peel is carried out crushing respectively and obtains Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal, wherein, Chinese milk vetch powder, soya bean
The granularity of bar powder and citrus peel meal is all 200 mesh；Then Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, Huang are weighed by the weight portion in formula (1)
Bean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag；By Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit
After skin and green tea slag are uniformly mixed, fermented under conditions of being 26 DEG C in temperature, the weight is added after fermentation 20d
The rice washing swill of part, completes the pretreatment of green manure base-material；
(2) soil conditioner treatment：The longan leaf that moisture content is 2% and the wood chip that moisture content is 4% are carried out into powder respectively
It is broken to obtain longan leaf powder and wood dust, wherein, the granularity of longan leaf powder and wood dust is all 200 mesh；Then by formula (2)
Weight portion weighs humic acid, wood dust, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf powder and is uniformly mixed, and completes soil conditioner
Treatment；
(3) mix：Triperygium wilfordii extractive, pepper extract, horseradish extract and peppery are weighed by the weight portion in formula (3)
Wooden extract is obtained sterilization anthelmintic substance after uniformly being mixed；By green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance
Mass ratio is 50:10:3 weigh the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment, the soil conditioner after step (2) treatment and sterilized drive
Worm material；It is after weighing, the carrying out of the soil conditioner after the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment and step (2) treatment is uniform
Mixing, is then dried, be dried to moisture for add after 2%-5% the weight than sterilized anthelmintic substance obtain biology
Green manure.
Embodiment 2：
1st, the biological green manure of the present embodiment includes that specifically proportioning is for green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance：
The mass ratio of green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance is 60:15:8；
(1) the making formula of wherein green manure base-material is：45 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 25 parts of Radix Isatidis residue, 33 parts of soya bean
Bar, 14 parts of rice washing swill, 19 parts of orange peel, 34 parts of passion fruit skin and 28 parts of green tea slag；
In this formula, Radix Isatidis residue processing method is：Radix Isatidis is carried out into infusion 3h with the water of equal quality part, is removed
Continue to carry out infusion to the water of addition equal quality part in Radix Isatidis after liquid, infusion repeatedly is removed by filtration liquid for 5 times and obtains afterwards
To solid residue, then solid residue is dried to moisture as 20% is crushed again, plate is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 500 mesh
Blue root residue；
In this formula, green tea slag processing method is：Green tea is carried out into immersion 3h with 25 times of boiling water of mass parts, liquid is removed
Continue to carry out immersion 60min to 15 times of boiling water of mass parts of addition in green tea afterwards, be removed by filtration liquid and obtain solid residue, then
Solid residue is dried to moisture as 10% is crushed again, green tea slag is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 100 mesh.
(2) the making formula of wherein soil conditioner is：65 parts of humic acid, 32 parts of wood chip, 5 parts of glycine betaine, 28
The humic acid and 47 parts of longan leaf of part；
(3) the making formula of wherein sterilized anthelmintic substance is：62 parts of triperygium wilfordii extractive, 61 parts of pepper extract,
25 parts of horseradish extract and 35 parts of Moringa extract.
In this formula, triperygium wilfordii extractive processing method is：The thunder godvine that moisture content is 10% is cut into the thin of 5mm thickness
Piece, then to adding 3 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be soaked for the methanol solution of 70% (v/v) in thin slice, soaks 26h
Afterwards, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes methanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate
For 1/3 stopping of stoste volume is concentrated to give triperygium wilfordii extractive；
In this formula, pepper extract processing method is：By the Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit that moisture content is 3%, then Chinese prickly ash is pulverized
Equal quality part percentage by volume is put into for the ethanol solution of 90% (v/v) is soaked, after immersion 8h, filtering to take filtrate is carried out
Vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, and it is 1/4 of stoste volume to be concentrated to concentrate
Stopping is concentrated to give pepper extract；
In this formula, horseradish extract processing method is：Fresh horseradish stem is pulverized with mortar, is subsequently adding and then is added
Enter with the percentage by volume for pulverizing the quality such as thing for 40% (v/v) butanol solution carries out refluxing extraction, by mixed liquor after extraction 2h
Filtered, removed filter residue, filtrate is extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, extraction time is 1h, received after the completion of extraction
Collection ethyl acetate phase concentrated remaining liquid after vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate, is concentrated to concentrate for stoste
1/5 stopping of volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
In this formula, Moringa extract processing method is：It is cut into the Moringa trunk that moisture content is 15% by knife 5mm thickness
Thin slice, then to adding 3 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be soaked for the ethanol solution of 90% (v/v) in thin slice, soaks 26h
Afterwards, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate
For 1/6 stopping of stoste volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
2nd, promote the biological green manure preparation method of longan high yield in the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) green manure base-material pretreatment：By whole strain Chinese milk vetch that moisture content is 10%, the soybean straw that moisture content is 10% and contain
Water rate obtains Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal for the orange peel of 5%-10% carries out crushing respectively, wherein, Chinese milk vetch
The granularity of powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal is all 300 mesh；Then Chinese milk vetch powder, Lan Gen are weighed by the weight portion in formula (1)
Residue, soybean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag；By Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder, orange peel
After powder, passion fruit skin and green tea slag are uniformly mixed, fermented under conditions of being 30 DEG C in temperature, added again after fermentation 30d
Enter the rice washing swill of the weight portion, complete the pretreatment of green manure base-material；
(2) soil conditioner treatment：The longan leaf that moisture content is 5% and the wood chip that moisture content is 7% are carried out into powder respectively
It is broken to obtain longan leaf powder and wood dust, wherein, the granularity of longan leaf powder and wood dust is all 300 mesh；Then by formula (2)
Weight portion weighs humic acid, wood dust, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf powder and is uniformly mixed, and completes soil conditioner
Treatment；
(3) mix：Triperygium wilfordii extractive, pepper extract, horseradish extract and peppery are weighed by the weight portion in formula (3)
Wooden extract is obtained sterilization anthelmintic substance after uniformly being mixed；By green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance
Mass ratio is 60:15:8 weigh the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment, the soil conditioner after step (2) treatment and sterilized drive
Worm material；It is after weighing, the carrying out of the soil conditioner after the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment and step (2) treatment is uniform
Mixing, is then dried, be dried to moisture for add after 2%-5% the weight than sterilized anthelmintic substance obtain biology
Green manure.
Embodiment 3：
1st, the biological green manure of the present embodiment includes that specifically proportioning is for green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance：
The mass ratio of green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance is 55:12:5；
(1) the making formula of wherein green manure base-material is：40 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 20 parts of Radix Isatidis residue, 22 parts of soya bean
Bar, 10 parts of rice washing swill, 17 parts of orange peel, 20 parts of passion fruit skin and 20 parts of green tea slag；
In this formula, Radix Isatidis residue processing method is：Radix Isatidis is carried out into infusion 2.5h with the water of equal quality part, is removed
Continue to carry out infusion to the water of addition equal quality part in Radix Isatidis after removing liquid, infusion repeatedly is removed by filtration liquid 4 times afterwards
Solid residue is obtained, then solid residue is dried to moisture as 15% is crushed again, obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 300 mesh
Radix Isatidis residue；
In this formula, green tea slag processing method is：Green tea is carried out into immersion 2.5h with 22 times of boiling water of mass parts, liquid is removed
Continue to carry out immersion 40min to 12 times of boiling water of mass parts of addition in green tea after body, be removed by filtration liquid and obtain solid residue, so
Solid residue is dried to moisture as 7% is crushed again afterwards, green tea slag is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of 60 mesh.
(2) the making formula of wherein soil conditioner is：50 parts of humic acid, 30 parts of wood chip, 4 parts of glycine betaine, 20
The humic acid and 41 parts of longan leaf of part；
(3) the making formula of wherein sterilized anthelmintic substance is：54 parts -62 parts of triperygium wilfordii extractive, 57 parts -61 parts of flower
Green pepper extract, 12 parts -25 parts of horseradish extract and 25 parts -35 parts of Moringa extract.
In this formula, triperygium wilfordii extractive processing method is：The thunder godvine that moisture content is 8% is cut into the thick thin slices of 3mm,
Then soaked to the methanol solution for adding 3 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be 65% (v/v) in thin slice, after immersion 25h, mistake
Leaching filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes methanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate for stoste
1/3 stopping of volume is concentrated to give triperygium wilfordii extractive；
In this formula, pepper extract processing method is：By the Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit that moisture content is 3%, then Chinese prickly ash is pulverized
Equal quality part percentage by volume is put into for the ethanol solution of 80% (v/v) is soaked, after immersion 7h, filtering to take filtrate is carried out
Vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, and it is 1/4 of stoste volume to be concentrated to concentrate
Stopping is concentrated to give pepper extract；
In this formula, horseradish extract processing method is：Fresh horseradish stem is pulverized with mortar, is subsequently adding and then is added
Enter with the percentage by volume for pulverizing the quality such as thing for 35% (v/v) butanol solution carries out refluxing extraction, will mix after extracting 1.5h
Liquid is filtered, and removes filter residue, and filtrate is extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, and extraction time is 1h, after the completion of extraction
Collecting ethyl acetate phase concentrated remaining liquid after vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate, and it is original to be concentrated to concentrate
1/5 stopping of liquid product is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
In this formula, Moringa extract processing method is：It is cut into the Moringa trunk that moisture content is 13% by knife 4mm thickness
Thin slice, then to adding 3 times of mass parts percentage by volumes to be soaked for the ethanol solution of 80% (v/v) in thin slice, soaks 25h
Afterwards, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate
For 1/6 stopping of stoste volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract；
2nd, promote the biological green manure preparation method of longan high yield in the present embodiment, comprise the following steps：
(1) green manure base-material pretreatment：By whole strain Chinese milk vetch that moisture content is 8%, the soybean straw that moisture content is 7% and aqueous
Rate is that 7% orange peel is carried out crushing respectively and obtains Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal, wherein, Chinese milk vetch powder, soya bean
The granularity of bar powder and citrus peel meal is all 250 mesh；Then Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, Huang are weighed by the weight portion in formula (1)
Bean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag；By Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit
After skin and green tea slag are uniformly mixed, fermented under conditions of being 28 DEG C in temperature, the weight is added after fermentation 25d
The rice washing swill of part, completes the pretreatment of green manure base-material；
(2) soil conditioner treatment：The longan leaf that moisture content is 4% and the wood chip that moisture content is 6% are carried out into powder respectively
It is broken to obtain longan leaf powder and wood dust, wherein, the granularity of longan leaf powder and wood dust is all 250 mesh；Then by formula (2)
Weight portion weighs humic acid, wood dust, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf powder and is uniformly mixed, and completes soil conditioner
Treatment；
(3) mix：Triperygium wilfordii extractive, pepper extract, horseradish extract and peppery are weighed by the weight portion in formula (3)
Wooden extract is obtained sterilization anthelmintic substance after uniformly being mixed；By green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance
Mass ratio is 55:12:5 weigh the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment, the soil conditioner after step (2) treatment and sterilized drive
Worm material；It is after weighing, the carrying out of the soil conditioner after the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment and step (2) treatment is uniform
Mixing, is then dried, be dried to moisture be add after 3% the weight than sterilized anthelmintic substance obtain biological green
Fertilizer.
Control group 1：
The preparation method of the green manure of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, but without soil regulation in formula
Agent.
Control group 2：
The preparation method of the green manure of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, but without sterilized expelling parasite in formula
Material.
Control group 3：
The preparation method of the green manure of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, but the green manure base-material in formula only makes
With Chinese milk vetch and soybean straw.
Control group 4：
The green manure of this control group is finished product green manure purchased in market.
Checking test：
Carried out in the planting base of our company, random selection with the age of tree longan totally 14, every 2 one group, totally 7 groups,
Start Post flowering in longan, the dressing furrow of a ring shape, furrow width 30cm depth 20cm, then in dressing furrow are dug along longan tree crown
Apply the green manure of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-4 respectively, fertilization mode is to apply one layer of fertilizer of 5cm to apply one layer of 5cm again
Soil, then apply one layer of fertilizer of 5cm, " fertilizer-soil-fertilizer " fertilizer application mode separately is formed, until filling up fertilising
Ditch, and ensure topmost one layer be green manure, planting process is not outside spraying pesticide, and other way to manages complete
Cause.The single fruit weight of average every plant of strain yield of fruit tree and average each fruit is calculated after fruit harvest maturation；Observe and record fruit
Real decayed fruit rate and Cracking fruit；Concrete condition is shown in Table 1：
The longan fruit quality table of table 1
As seen from the above table, the strain yield of embodiment 1-3 and slightly above control group 1-3, hence it is evident that higher than control group 4, illustrate this
The soil conditioner of invention, sterilized anthelmintic substance, green manure base ingredients and reach the present invention with comparison and solve to improve longan strain and produce
The technological deficiency of amount is indispensable；The single fruit weight of embodiment 1-3 less, illustrates single fruit weight of the invention with control group 1-4 difference
It is little with organic green manure formula relation of the invention；The decayed fruit rate and Cracking fruit of embodiment 1-3 are essentially identical with control group 3, bright
Aobvious is higher than control group 1-2 and control group 4, illustrates that soil conditioner of the invention and sterilized anthelmintic substance can effectively improve longan fruit
Cracking resistance and resistance against diseases.
In sum, using biological green manure of the invention by rational formula, raising Longan Output is can reach, improves longan
Resistance against diseases and anti-crack ability.
Embodiment described above only expresses several embodiments of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore limitation of the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
Enclose.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of biological green manure for promoting longan high yield, including green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance, its feature
It is that the mass ratio of the green manure base-material, soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance is 50-60:10-15:3-8；
The green manure base-material is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
35 parts -45 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 12 parts -25 parts of Radix Isatidis residue, 17 parts -33 parts of soybean straw, 5 parts -14 parts of rice washing
Swill, 14 parts -19 parts of orange peel, 17 parts -34 parts of passion fruit skin and 16 parts -28 parts of green tea slag；
The soil conditioner is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
47 parts -65 parts of humic acid, 24 parts -32 parts of wood chip, 3 parts -5 parts of glycine betaine, 16 parts -28 parts of humic acid and 33
The longan leaf of -47 parts of part；
The sterilized anthelmintic substance is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：
54 parts -62 parts of triperygium wilfordii extractive, 57 parts -61 parts of pepper extract, 12 parts -25 parts of horseradish extract and 25
The Moringa extract of -35 parts of part.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote longan high yield biological green manure, it is characterised in that the Radix Isatidis residue
Processing method is：Radix Isatidis is carried out into infusion 2h-3h with the water of equal quality part, continues to be added in Radix Isatidis after removing liquid
The water of equal quality part carries out infusion, and 3-5 times being removed by filtration liquid obtains solid residue afterwards for infusion repeatedly, then that solid is residual
Slag is dried to moisture as 10%-20% is crushed again, and Radix Isatidis residue is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of the mesh of 200 mesh -500.
3. a kind of biological green manure for promoting longan high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that green tea slag processing
Method is：Green tea is carried out into immersion 2h-3h with the 20-25 times of boiling water of mass parts, is removed and continue after liquid to adding 10- in green tea
15 times of boiling water of mass parts carry out immersion 30min-60min, are removed by filtration liquid and obtain solid residue, and then solid residue dries in the air
Moisture is shone for 5%-10% is crushed again, and green tea slag is obtained by screening by the screen cloth of the mesh of 50 mesh -100.
4. a kind of biological green manure for promoting longan high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thunder godvine is extracted
Thing processing method is：By moisture content for the thunder godvine of 5%-10% is cut into the thick thin slices of 2mm-5mm, then to adding 2- in thin slice
3 times of mass parts percentage by volumes are soaked for the methanol solution of 60% (v/v) -70% (v/v), after immersion 24h-26h, filtering
Taking filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes methanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate for primary liquid
1/3 long-pending stopping is concentrated to give triperygium wilfordii extractive.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote longan high yield biological green manure, it is characterised in that the pepper extract
Processing method is：It is the Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit of 2%-3% by moisture content, then Chinese prickly ash is pulverized and is put into equal quality part percentage by volume
For the ethanol solution of 70% (v/v) -90% (v/v) is soaked, after immersion 5h-8h, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes
Ethanol solution is removed, then remaining liquid is concentrated, 1/4 stopping that concentrate is stoste volume is concentrated to and is concentrated to give
Pepper extract.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote longan high yield biological green manure, it is characterised in that the horseradish extract
Processing method is：Fresh horseradish stem is pulverized with mortar, is subsequently adding and the volume basis for pulverizing the quality such as thing
Number carries out refluxing extraction for 30% (v/v) -40% (v/v) butanol solution, is filtered mixed liquor after extracting 1h-2h, removes
Filter residue, filtrate is extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, and extraction time is 1h, ethyl acetate phase is collected after the completion of extraction and is entered
Row vacuum distillation is concentrated remaining liquid after removing ethyl acetate, is concentrated to 1/5 that concentrate is stoste volume and is stopped
Only it is concentrated to give Moringa extract.
7. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of promote longan high yield biological green manure, it is characterised in that the Moringa extract
Processing method is：By moisture content for the Moringa trunk of 10%-15% is cut into the thick thin slices of 2mm-5mm by knife, then in thin slice
Add 2-3 times of mass parts percentage by volume to be soaked for the ethanol solution of 70% (v/v) -90% (v/v), soak 24h-26h
Afterwards, filtering to take filtrate carries out vacuum distillation, removes ethanol solution, is then concentrated remaining liquid, is concentrated to concentrate
For 1/6 stopping of stoste volume is concentrated to give Moringa extract.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one promotion longan high yield biological green manure preparation method, it is characterised in that
Methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) green manure base-material pretreatment：Whole strain Chinese milk vetch, the soybean straw that moisture content is 5%-10% by moisture content for 5%-10%
With moisture content Chinese milk vetch powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal, the purple are obtained for the orange peel of 5%-10% carries out crushing respectively
The granularity of cloud English powder, soybean straw powder and citrus peel meal is all the mesh of 200 mesh -300；Then by the weight portion weigh Chinese milk vetch powder,
Blue root residue, soybean straw powder, citrus peel meal, passion fruit skin and green tea slag；By Chinese milk vetch powder, blue root residue, soybean straw powder, oranges and tangerines
After Pi Fen, passion fruit skin and green tea slag are uniformly mixed, fermented under conditions of being 26 DEG C -30 DEG C in temperature, fermented
The rice washing swill of the weight portion is added after 20d-30d, the pretreatment of green manure base-material is completed；
(2) soil conditioner treatment：By moisture content for the wood chip that the longan leaf and moisture content of 2%-5% are 4%-7% enters respectively
Row crushing obtains longan leaf powder and wood dust, and the granularity of the longan leaf powder and wood dust is all the mesh of 200 mesh -300；Then institute is pressed
State weight portion to weigh humic acid, wood dust, glycine betaine, humic acid and longan leaf powder and uniformly mixed, complete soil regulation
The treatment of agent；
(3) mix：Triperygium wilfordii extractive, pepper extract, horseradish extract and Moringa extract are weighed by the weight portion to enter
Sterilization anthelmintic substance is obtained after the uniform mixing of row；Green manure base-material, step (2) after step (1) is processed are weighed by the weight ratio
Soil conditioner and sterilized anthelmintic substance after treatment；After weighing, by the green manure base-material after step (1) treatment and step (2) place
The carrying out of the soil conditioner after reason uniformly mixes, and is then dried, and it is described heavy to be added after 2%-5% to be dried to moisture
The sterilized anthelmintic substance for measuring ratio obtains biological green manure.
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