CN106613558A - Method of preventing cold injury of fruit tree - Google Patents
Method of preventing cold injury of fruit tree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106613558A CN106613558A CN201710086413.XA CN201710086413A CN106613558A CN 106613558 A CN106613558 A CN 106613558A CN 201710086413 A CN201710086413 A CN 201710086413A CN 106613558 A CN106613558 A CN 106613558A
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- fruit tree
- groove
- fertilizer
- stalk
- frostbite
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of preventing cold injury of a fruit tree and relates to the field of fruit tree plantation. The method comprises steps that main branches and newly-born branches of a fruit tree mother shoot are trimmed in autumn; then the trimmed main branches and the newly-born branches are staggered and pulled to form a horizontal shape and then fixed by iron wires; a groove is dug at a distance of 1.0 to 1.5m from a main root of the fruit tree in autumn; organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are placed layer by layer in the groove according to a thickness ratio of 4 to 1; the top layer organic fertilizer is covered with groove-digging soil with the thickness of 3 to 5cm; the fruit tree is irrigated in winter; the groove is filled with the groove-digging soil till being aligned to the land; mixtures of straws, dry faeces and oil residues are placed in 1.0 to 1.5 parts of the main root of the fruit tree layers by layers; and the rest groove-digging soil is placed on the top layer straws. The main and newly-born branches are staggered and fixed; organic and inorganic fertilizers are placed in the groove surrounding the fruit tree layers by layers, the fruit tree is irrigated in winter and mixtures of straws, dry faeces and oil residues are placed on the land surrounding the fruit tree layers by layers, so anti-frozen measurement is comprehensive and rational, and cold injury of the fruit tree can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees field, more particularly relates to a kind of method of prevention fruit tree frostbite.
Background technology
Many fruit trees of the northern area of China are (such as：The fruit trees such as apple tree, pear tree, peach, apricot, jujube tree) it is not cold-resistant,
Annual frostbite is serious, affects the amount of bearing fruit in the coming year, reduces the yield and quality of fruit tree.Freezing injury of fruit trees and seeds, the age of tree, tree top
Position, physical features, management etc. have substantial connection.
Existing fruit tree antifreezing measure, predominantly using straw, covered rearing with plastic film or wrapping branch, prevents branch from receiving
Freeze, be generally all to take fruit tree antifreezing measures, and some simple hays are carried out to fruit tree root and cover or do not adopt
Take any antifreezing measures, but these simple antifreezing measures fruit tree can not be carried out it is effectively antifreeze.
In sum, there are antifreezing measures simple in fruit tree antifreezing measure of the prior art, it is impossible to which fruit tree is carried out effectively
Antifreeze problem.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of prevention fruit tree frostbite method, to solve prior art in there are antifreezing measures
Simply, it is impossible to effectively antifreeze problem is carried out to fruit tree.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of prevention fruit tree frostbite, including：
Autumn carries out pruning length of the length for making major branch more than innovation to the major branch and innovation on fruit tree mother's branch, will
Major branch and innovation interlaced arrangement after pruning pulls into horizontal iron wire and fixes, to the major branch after pruning and the end of innovation
Coated with plastic foil, and major branch after cutting and innovation top cover dry rice straw and are fixed with iron wire；
Autumn locates grooving outside fruit tree 1.0～1.5m of main root, is 4 according to thickness ratio by fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer:1 place Min layers
It is located in groove, top layer is fertilizer, the grooving soil of 3～5cm of thickness is covered on top layer fertilizer；Wherein, fertilizer is pruning
One or more in the fruit tree, defoliation of fruit trees, the stalk that fall；
Winter carries out winter irrigation to fruit tree, is filled to groove with grooving soil and flushes with ground；Simultaneously fruit tree main root 1.0～
In 1.5m layering laying stalk and argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, top layer is stalk, and remaining grooving soil is covered in into top
On layer stalk；
Winter smears white-out agent on trunks of fruit trees, and sprays antifreezing agent to fruit tree.
It is preferred that the stalk includes：One or more in beans stalk, wheat stalk, maize straw.
It is preferred that the groove is " returning " type groove；The width of the groove is 0.4～0.7m, and depth is 0.6～0.8m.
It is preferred that it is 3 according to mass ratio that the inorganic fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer:2:1 mixes.
It is preferred that the argol is just the excrement and the dregs of fat after drying is smashed to pieces with the mixture of the dregs of fat being according to mass ratio
1:The mixture of 3 mixing.
It is preferred that the white-out agent, respectively with water dissolves, is added by 4.0kg quick limes, 0.8kg salt after mixing
The sulphur mixture of 0.7kg vegetable oil and 0.6kg is made.
It is preferred that October and November, an antifreezing agent was sprayed per 15～20 days to fruit tree；It is December, right per 7～10 days
Fruit tree sprays an antifreezing agent.
In the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of method of prevention fruit tree frostbite, the method is newborn by pollard, major branch
Branch be alternately arranged it is fixed, the branch end after pruning is carried out plastic overmold, cover on branch dry rice straw fix, around fruit tree
Layering in groove is equipped with machine fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, winter irrigation is carried out to fruit tree, stalk and argol is laid in fruit tree peripheral ground higher slice
Just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, smear on trunk white-out agent and on branch trunk periodically sprinkle antifreezing agent fruit tree is carried out it is antifreeze
Process, its antifreezing measures is comprehensively and reasonable, fruit tree has been carried out effective antifreeze.Further, major branch innovation is alternately arranged
It is fixed, will innovation be clipped in the middle of major branch, farthest protect innovation to be damaged by frost；On branch cover dry rice straw and
It is fixed, it is to avoid wind blows off straw, preferably protects branch not frost bitten；Fertilising groove is excavated around fruit tree and in groove
Layering is equipped with machine fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer has been carried out while effective deep fertilization to fruit tree also to fruit
Usage tree root has carried out anti-frost protection；Because elder generation covers a thin layer soil at the top of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, is being carried out to fruit tree the winter
During filling, large quantity of moisture is flowed into groove, then in groove top mulching soil, makes the soil moisturizing time longer, increases soil heat capacity, is carried
High ground temperature；The laying of fruit tree peripheral ground higher slice stalk and argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, be then covered by one layer of soil,
One side stalk just serves cold-proof protective effect to tree root with argol with the mixture of the dregs of fat itself, and on the other hand fruit tree is entered
Root is stopped up in ridging of having gone, and to preventing cold wind invasion and attack, rhizome not by freeze injury, effect is preferable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for prevention fruit tree frostbite provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method of prevention fruit tree frostbite provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention
A kind of method of the prevention fruit tree frostbite for providing is comprised the following steps：
Step 101, autumn carries out pruning the length for making major branch more than innovation to the major branch and innovation on fruit tree mother's branch
Length, the major branch after pruning and innovation interlaced arrangement are pulled into horizontal iron wire and are fixed, to the major branch after pruning and new
The end of raw branch is coated with plastic foil, and major branch after cutting and innovation top cover dry rice straw and fixed with iron wire.
It should be noted that the present invention is by pruning the length for making major branch more than the length of innovation and to major branch and new life
Branch is alternately arranged and is fixed on iron wire, will short innovation be clipped in the middle of two relatively long major branches, farthest protect
Innovation is blown and freezing by cold wind.The end of the major branch after pruning and innovation is coated with plastic foil, it is to avoid branch is from pruning
End breaks down；And covering dry rice straw and fixation on branch, it is to avoid wind blows off straw, preferably protects branch not to be frozen
Wound.
Step 102, autumn is located to dig " returning " type groove outside fruit tree 1.0～1.5m of main root, by fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer according to thickness
Degree is than being 4:1 layering is laid in groove, and top layer is fertilizer, and the grooving soil of 3～5cm of thickness is covered on top layer fertilizer；Its
In, fertilizer is one or more in fruit tree, defoliation of fruit trees, the stalk for pruning away.
Preferably, the width of bracket groove of the present invention is 0.4～0.7m, and depth is 0.6～0.8m.It should be noted that groove
Size can be decided according to the actual requirements, and the present invention does not limit its concrete size.
It is preferred that it is 3 according to mass ratio that the inorganic fertilizer in the present invention is nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer:2:1 mixes, its nothing
Comprehensively, content proportioning is preferable for machine fertilizer composition.
It should be noted that excavate around fruit tree fertilising groove and in groove layering be equipped with machine fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, i.e. right
While fruit tree has carried out effective deep fertilization, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer have also carried out effective antifreeze guarantor to fruit tree root
Shield.
It should be noted that fertilizer is using one or more in fruit tree, defoliation of fruit trees, the stalk for pruning away,
The resource is set to have obtained reasonable utilization, it is to avoid environmental pollution.
Step 103, winter carries out winter irrigation to fruit tree, is filled to groove with grooving soil and flushes with ground；Simultaneously in fruit tree master
In 1.0～1.5m of root layering laying stalk and argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, top layer is stalk, and remaining grooving soil is covered
Cover on top layer stalk.
It should be noted that by argol just with the dregs of fat drying after smash to pieces, and argol just with the dregs of fat according to mass ratio be 1:3 mix
Close.
It should be noted that the stalk in the present invention includes：One kind in beans stalk, wheat stalk, maize straw or
It is several.
It should be noted that the present invention covers a thin layer soil due to elder generation at the top of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, to fruit
When tree carries out winter irrigation, large quantity of moisture is flowed into groove, then in groove top mulching soil, makes the soil moisturizing time longer, increases soil
Thermal capacity, improves ground temperature；The laying of fruit tree peripheral ground higher slice stalk and argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, be then covered by
One layer of soil, one side stalk just serves cold-proof protective effect, the opposing party to tree root with argol with the mixture of the dregs of fat itself
Ridging having been carried out in the face of fruit tree and having stopped up root, to preventing cold wind invasion and attack, rhizome not by freeze injury, effect is preferable.
Step 104, winter smears white-out agent on trunks of fruit trees, and sprays antifreezing agent to fruit tree.
It should be noted that the white-out agent that the present invention is adopted is by 4.0kg quick limes, and 0.8kg salt, respectively with water dissolves,
0.7kg vegetable oil and the sulphur mixture of 0.6kg is added to make after mixing.
It should be noted that October and November, an antifreezing agent was sprayed per 15～20 days to fruit tree；December, per 7～
An antifreezing agent was sprayed to fruit tree in 10 days.
It should be noted that the present invention by pollard, major branch innovation be alternately arranged fixation, to pruning after branch end
Carry out plastic overmold, cover on the branch dry rice straw fix, in the groove around fruit tree layering be equipped with machine fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, right
Fruit tree carries out winter irrigation, lays stalk and argol mixture just with the dregs of fat, smears on trunk in fruit tree peripheral ground higher slice
White-out agent and periodically sprinkle antifreezing agent carries out antifreeze process to fruit tree on branch trunk, its antifreezing measures are comprehensively and rationally, right
Fruit tree has carried out effective antifreeze.
To fruit tree tree root and the actual effect of the antifreezing measures of tree-walk in order to verify technical solution of the present invention, in the present invention
In implementation process, contrast scheme is equally implemented to fruit tree tree root and the antifreezing measures of tree-walk.Its contrast scheme is to fruit tree tree root
It is with the antifreezing measures of tree-walk：Laying depth is the dry rice straw of 0.5m in the space of 1.5m around the apple tree, is carried out after entering the winter
Winter irrigation.
Interpretation of result：The present invention effectively reduces the probability of fruit tree frostbite in During Overwintering Period, but due to winter temperature it is relatively low,
Fruit tree frostbite situation is there is also, is shown according to statistics, when technical solution of the present invention raises fruit trees, its root system frostbite rate≤
0.02%, and it is 0.5～0.6% to contrast scheme root system frostbite rate, therefore, when the present invention program effectively can prevent from surviving the winter, fruit tree
The risk of root system frostbite；And the apple according to statistics, planted using technical solution of the present invention, average fruit quality 360g, sugar
Content improves 0.25%, and the apple tree of present invention plantation averagely increases production 29.7% compared with contrast scheme, and the output value improves more than 30%.
Summary, using technical solution of the present invention apple tree is planted, and is reduced when surviving the winter, the wind of frostbite fruit tree root system
Danger, also improves the quality and yield of apple, with good Social benefit and economic benefit.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can be carried out to the present invention
It is various to change with modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these modifications of the present invention and modification belong to the present invention
Within the scope of claim and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of prevention fruit tree frostbite method, it is characterised in that include：
Autumn carries out pruning length of the length for making major branch more than innovation to the major branch and innovation on fruit tree mother's branch, will prune
Major branch and innovation interlaced arrangement afterwards pulls into horizontal iron wire and fixes, and the end of the major branch after pruning and innovation is moulded
Material film cladding, and covering dry rice straw is fixed with iron wire above major branch after cutting and innovation；
Autumn locates grooving outside fruit tree 1.0～1.5m of main root, is 4 according to thickness ratio by fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer:1 layering is laid on
In groove, top layer is fertilizer, and the grooving soil of 3～5cm of thickness is covered on top layer fertilizer；Wherein, fertilizer prunes away
One or more in fruit tree, defoliation of fruit trees, stalk；
Winter carries out winter irrigation to fruit tree, is filled to groove with grooving soil and flushes with ground；Simultaneously in fruit tree 1.0～1.5m of main root
Layering laying stalk and argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat, top layer is stalk, and remaining grooving soil is covered in into top layer stalk
On；
Winter smears white-out agent on trunks of fruit trees, and sprays antifreezing agent to fruit tree.
2. the method for preventing fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the stalk includes：It is beans stalk, little
Wheat Straw, one or more in maize straw.
3. the method for preventing fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the groove is " returning " type groove；The groove
Width be 0.4～0.7m, depth be 0.6～0.8m.
4. the method for preventing fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inorganic fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium
Fertilizer is 3 according to mass ratio:2:1 mixes.
5. the method for prevention fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the argol just with the mixture of the dregs of fat
Be will drying smash to pieces after excrement and the dregs of fat according to mass ratio be 1:The mixture of 3 mixing.
6. the method for prevention fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the white-out agent by 4.0kg quick limes,
0.8kg salt, respectively with water dissolves, adds 0.7kg vegetable oil and the sulphur mixture of 0.6kg to make after mixing.
7. the method for preventing fruit tree frostbite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：October and November, per 15～
An antifreezing agent was sprayed to fruit tree in 20 days；In December, an antifreezing agent is sprayed to fruit tree per 7～10 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710086413.XA CN106613558B (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2017-02-17 | Method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710086413.XA CN106613558B (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2017-02-17 | Method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
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| CN106613558A true CN106613558A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106613558B CN106613558B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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| CN201710086413.XA Active CN106613558B (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2017-02-17 | Method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107223513A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-03 | 安徽德昌苗木有限公司 | A kind of Chinese chestnut tree implantation methods |
| CN107231908A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽霍山县茗翠生态农业有限公司 | A kind of stem of noble dendrobium Maintenance in Winter method |
| CN107580928A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of ginkgo preventing freeze in winter |
| CN107759278A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree antifreezing chemical fertilizer |
| CN107853037A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-30 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | A kind of method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
| CN107926403A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-20 | 潘信华 | The control method of crops freeze injury |
| CN108040661A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-18 | 潘信华 | Improve the method for plant cold resistance performance |
| CN108076928A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 潘信华 | The antifreeze method of plant |
| CN108076929A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 潘信华 | Prevent the processing method of plant frozen injury |
| CN108863615A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-23 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | One planting fruit-trees cold-resistant nutritional agents and its application |
| CN110574610A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-17 | 郭永 | method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
-
2017
- 2017-02-17 CN CN201710086413.XA patent/CN106613558B/en active Active
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107231908A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽霍山县茗翠生态农业有限公司 | A kind of stem of noble dendrobium Maintenance in Winter method |
| CN107223513A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-03 | 安徽德昌苗木有限公司 | A kind of Chinese chestnut tree implantation methods |
| CN107580928A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of ginkgo preventing freeze in winter |
| CN107759278A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree antifreezing chemical fertilizer |
| CN107853037A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-30 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | A kind of method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
| CN107926403A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-20 | 潘信华 | The control method of crops freeze injury |
| CN108040661A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-18 | 潘信华 | Improve the method for plant cold resistance performance |
| CN108076928A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 潘信华 | The antifreeze method of plant |
| CN108076929A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 潘信华 | Prevent the processing method of plant frozen injury |
| CN108863615A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-23 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | One planting fruit-trees cold-resistant nutritional agents and its application |
| CN108863615B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-07-27 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Cold-resistant nutritional agent for fruit trees and application thereof |
| CN110574610A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-17 | 郭永 | method for preventing fruit tree frostbite |
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| CN106613558B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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