CN106577027A - Manihot esculenta crantz rapid propagation method based on atomization nutrient solutions - Google Patents
Manihot esculenta crantz rapid propagation method based on atomization nutrient solutions Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577027A CN106577027A CN201610984925.3A CN201610984925A CN106577027A CN 106577027 A CN106577027 A CN 106577027A CN 201610984925 A CN201610984925 A CN 201610984925A CN 106577027 A CN106577027 A CN 106577027A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manihot esculenta crantz rapid propagation method based on atomization nutrient solutions. The manihot esculenta crantz rapid propagation method comprises the steps that 1, one ends of 20-30 cm manihot esculenta crantz seed stems are place into cultivating pots at first, the other ends of the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems extend out of planting holes of a box body cover plate, 2-3 bud eyes are reserved outside the other ends of the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems, the planting holes are sealed, the nutrient solutions with the 1/2 concentration are added into the cultivating pots, and atomization cultivating is conducted for 30-35 days through an atomization device; 2, after the root systems of the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems touch the cultivating pots, lifting brackets are removed, the cultivating pots are directly placed on bearing platforms, the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems above the box body cover plate are fixed through a fixing device, and cultivating is continued with nutrient solutions with the normal concentration; and 3, after cultivating is conducted for 85-90 days, the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems located above the box body cover plate are cut into several segments, the step 1 to the step 3 are continuously repeated or cultivating is continued for 15-20 days, then the manihot esculenta crantz seed stems are transplanted to the field to be planted, and the temperature in a cultivating box body is controlled to be 20 DEG C-28 DEG C. The manihot esculenta crantz rapid propagation method based on the atomization nutrient solutions has the advantages that propagation can be conducted at any time, and the propagation rate and the survival rate are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant technical field of artificial culture, more particularly to a kind of quick breeding side based on nutrient liquid atomizing
Method.
Background technology
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) another name sweet potato, cassava, belong to Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae)
Cassava (Manihot) shrub, has more than 100 to plant in category, cassava is that other are wild uniquely suitable for the kind of Economical cultivation
Kind.Its root tuber and blade edible.Mainly it is planted in subtropical and tropical zones.
Cassava is a kind of asexually propagated crop, generally speaking breeding be easier, tradition be using cassava plant in into
Ripe lignifying kind stem, as the kind stem of Second Year, year 10～15 times of reproduction speed.Because the original reproduction technique of cassava can not expire
Production of the foot to new varieties needs.Supply falls short of demand for breeding, it would be highly desirable to accelerates breeding cassava breeding kind stem.
At present, Tropical Agricultural University Of South China has been set up the clonal quick breeding technology system of a set of excellent cassava,
And the tissue cultures of batch production are carried out producing cassava breeding seedling.Some researchs have also been developed the rapid propagation in vitro technology of interior.
But because the cost and cultivation condition of plantlet in vitro are higher, directly at present, mainly used using also acquiring a certain degree of difficulty in production
Plantlet in vitro, come the numerous seedling speed of original seed that increases new varieties, is then still by tradition plantation wood after having certain seedling radix
Potato carrys out numerous seedling.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, and should not
When the prior art for being considered to recognize or imply in any form the information structure well known to persons skilled in the art.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for quickly breeding based on nutrient liquid atomizing, so as to overcome the biography of interior
The not enough shortcoming of the cassava fertility of system.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist, specifically
Including：
Cassava culture apparatus is provided, it includes：Culture casing, is provided with multiple plummers, the surrounding of the plummer in it
For gutter, the bottom of the culture casing is provided with the osculum in multiple connection gutters；Box cover, it is detachable knot
Structure, the box cover is snapped on the culture casing to cover the culture casing, and the box cover is provided with multiple plantations
Hole；Lifting support, several lifting supports are respectively arranged on the top of multiple plummers；Culture basin, multiple Culture basins point
Support member She Yu not be provided with each Culture basin on several described lifting supports；Plantation net, multiple plantation nets set respectively
In a support member top, the online place mat of the plantation has certain thickness culture stone；Fixing device, it is located at multiple described
The top of implantation hole；And sprayer unit, the shower nozzle of multiple sprayer units upper end uniformly in the incubator body, use
In the nutrient solution that atomization is sprayed to the Culture basin；
Cassava method for quickly breeding is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step one, the physiology bottom of the cassava seed stems of 20-30cm is placed in the casing, and the other end extends the case
The implantation hole of body cover plate and reserve 2-3 eye it is externally-located, kind stem length degree be inversely proportional to its ageing degree, aging kind of stem or
The physiology bottom of same stalk selects 20cm, and top then selects 30cm.The implantation hole is closed, is added toward in the Culture basin
The nutrient solution of 1/2 concentration, sprayer unit spraying culture 30-35 days；
Step 2, removes lifting support so that Culture basin is placed directly within carrying after the root system of cassava seed stems touches Culture basin
On platform, by the cassava seed stems above fixing device static housing cover plate, while the nutrient solution of 1/2 concentration is changed to into normal concentration
Nutrient solution continue cultivate；
Cassava seed stems above box cover after cultivating 85-90 days, are truncated into some sections by step 3, continue weight
Multiple step one to step 3 is cultivated or continued to be migrated to field and is planted after culture is taken root for 15-20 days；
Wherein, the temperature control in the incubator body is at 20-28 DEG C.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, cassava culture apparatus also includes liquid reserve tank and refrigeration machine, the water outlet of the liquid reserve tank
Mouth is connected with the sprayer unit, and the water inlet of the liquid reserve tank is connected with the osculum；The refrigeration machine and the liquid storage
Case connects to freeze it.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, cassava culture apparatus also includes condenser pipe, and the condenser pipe is located at the incubator
In vivo, the water inlet end of the condenser pipe is connected with the delivery port of the liquid reserve tank, and water side connects with the water inlet of the liquid reserve tank
Connect.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, sunshade net is covered in the periphery of the culture casing in step one.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, sub- cover plate is engaged constitutes by many for the box cover.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the fixing device includes：Support bar, steel wire rope and wrap member, the support
Bar is used to that the steel wire rope to be supported in the top of multiple implantation holes, and multiple wrap members are respectively arranged on the steel wire rope
On.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the cover plate is contacted using double occlusion structures with casing, and mist is avoided to greatest extent
Scatter and disappear.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the sprayer unit is ultrasonic ultrasonic delay line memory or stainless steel shower nozzle, the culture
Casing sidepiece is provided with observation door.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, also including dividing plate, multiple dividing plates with can releasably mode by multiple institutes
State Culture basin to be spaced from each other.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the nutrient solution includes following component：Four water-calcium nitrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate
506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solutions 5ml/L and trace element
Liquid 5ml/L.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the collocation method of iron salt solutions is：By ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g, ethylenediamine
Tetraacethyl disodium 3.73g is dissolved in 500ml distilled water, and pH is adjusted to into 5.5；
Liquid microelement includes following component：KI 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, sulfuric acid
Zinc 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulphate 0.025mg/L and cobalt chloride 0.025mg/L.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The invention provides for the fast numerous apparatus and method of cassava, with can breed at any time, Immortalization, breed tender
Stem, breeding potential are high, the advantages of survival rate is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first structure figure according to outdoor cassava culture apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the second structure chart according to outdoor cassava culture apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the 3rd structure chart according to outdoor cassava culture apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the first workflow diagram according to liquid reserve tank nutrient solution of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the second workflow diagram according to liquid reserve tank nutrient solution of the present invention.
Main Reference Numerals explanation：
1- cultivates casing, 2- via holes, 3- plummers, 4- osculums, 5- gutters, 6- observation doors, 7- lifting supports, 8-
Box cover, 9- implantation holes, 10- kinds plant net, 11- support members, 12- occlusion structures.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope is not limited by specific embodiment.
Explicitly indicate that unless otherwise other, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, term " including " or its change
Change such as "comprising" or " including " etc. and will be understood to comprise stated element or part, and do not exclude other units
Part or other parts.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 shows the outdoor cassava culture dress based on nutrient liquid atomizing according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
The structural representation put.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, included based on the outdoor cassava culture apparatus of nutrient liquid atomizing：Culture casing 1, Box Cover
Plate 8, lifting support 7, Culture basin, plantation net 10, fixing device, sprayer unit, liquid reserve tank, refrigeration machine, condenser pipe, sunshade net with
And dividing plate.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, cultivate and multiple plummers 3 are provided with casing 1, the surrounding of plummer 3 is gutter 5, is cultivated
The bottom of casing 1 is provided with the osculum 4 in multiple connection gutters 5, and the culture sidepiece of casing 1 is provided with observation door 6 to facilitate when certain section
Phase carries out the lossless observation of root system, and culture casing 1 both sides are additionally provided with multiple via holes 2, turnover for pipeline and suitably with
External world's ventilation；Such as when implementing, the exterior wall of casing 1 is cultivated using brick and cement structures, thickness at least 10cm；The use of casing is interior
Footpath can be 1.3m × 3.8m × 0.6m, and plummer 3 is to arrange the high cement of 10cm in bottom half, and arranges empty away from inwall 15cm
In vain, there is the blank of 10cm centre as gutter 5, and the L-type turning that corner sets 5cm is blank, to place culture basin stand, that is, rises
Descending branch frame 7.The effect of the setting is to facilitate draining.
Multiple Culture basins are located on plummer 3 respectively by lifting support 7, wherein, several lifting supports 7 set respectively
In the top of multiple plummers, it is therefore intended that cassava seedling stage is highly fixed on Culture basin from top inner wall 25cm or so, and can
To adjust the height of Culture basin, and the later stage removes support, and Culture basin is placed directly in bottom, it is ensured that the life of each period tapioca root
Long spacing and supporting role；A width of 1.2m × the 1.2m of Culture basin length, outer basin thickness 2cm, in each Culture basin support member is provided with
11, support member 11 is the high X-shaped slanted bars of 1.5cm, to ensure interior basin drinking water height only 0.5cm.Interior basin height 0.5cm.Culture
The Main Function of basin be support root system, and avoid have a power failure when do not have to provide moisture for cassava when mist.It is many during culture cassava
The individual plantation net 10 is respectively arranged on a top of support member 11, and the upper berth of plantation net 11 is lined with certain thickness culture stone；Plantation
Net 10 is preferably the gauze of 100 mesh, cultivates the thick perlite of stone preferably from about 2cm, vermiculite, (volume ratio is 4 to activated carbon:1:1), its
Effect is to provide fixation for later stage root tuber, and avoids Culture basin bottom moisture directly contact cassava root system, easily causes root
System rots.
Box cover 8 is used to cover culture casing 1, and the box cover 8 is provided with multiple implantation holes 9, in this embodiment,
Sub- cover plate is engaged constitutes by many for box cover 8, and box cover 8 is occlusion structure, can be taken apart, cassava can connect root without
Damage and observe, the such as thickness of box cover 8 10cm, 8 points of box cover is 4 pieces of sub- cover plates, and by 3 rectilinear slots demountable structure is constituted,
Every gap is occlusion structure.The implantation hole 9 of box cover 8 is used to place cassava, can arrange along gap, away from edge 25cm,
Spacing 40cm of implantation hole 9, the footpath 5cm of implantation hole 9, sub- cover plate is fixed by the way of the extruding of both sides.The box cover 8 is being used
When, to accomplish to avoid rainwater from falling in culture casing 1, i.e., box cover 1 is connected to the upper of culture casing 1 by occlusion structure 12
End, preferably double-deck occlusion structure, prevents internal spray from losing, and is shut with the width at least marine glue of 5cm at gap, box cover
Foam-rubber cushion is arranged at the bottom of 1 surrounding contact casing.Implantation hole 9 without when clogged with sponge, and use cap covers, it is to avoid rainwater
Scatter and disappear out into the mist with inside.
Fixing device includes located at the top of multiple implantation holes, fixing device：Support bar, steel wire rope and wrap member, support
Bar is used to that steel wire rope to be supported in the top (preferably away from cover plate 20 or 40cm and adjustable) of multiple implantation holes 9, multiple wrap members point
She Yu not be on steel wire rope, using sponge wrapping Cassava stalk stem, such as wrap member is sponge；Implantation hole and top fixing device form 2
Individual stress point, can guarantee that Cassava stalk is fixed.When cassava is planted, with sponge wrapping kind stem, it is fixed at implantation hole.And at each
The top plastic foil of implantation hole 9 is wrapped along cassava seed stems, and entangles whole hole with plastic foil, it is to avoid rainwater is entered along slit gap
Casing.
The shower nozzle of multiple sprayer units upper end uniformly in incubator body, for spraying the battalion of atomization to Culture basin
Nutrient solution.Sprayer unit is ultrasonic ultrasonic delay line memory or stainless steel shower nozzle.For the uniformity for ensureing to be atomized, the particle of mist is preferably 6-10
μm.If making mist source with ultrasonic ultrasonic delay line memory, preferably mist is imported into casing by cultivating the hole on casing side with plastic tube, the atomization side
The atomization of formula is most uniform；Stainless steel shower nozzle is such as used, then directly shower nozzle can be placed in into box house, it is left apart from casing top 10cm
The right side, and note adjust mist angle, especially shower nozzle from root system be less than 20cm when, need adjust shower nozzle less mist is directly sprayed
To root system, it is to avoid waterflooding.Water-aspirator pressure is preferably more than 0.8MPa.The spray amount of culture casing should be greater than 6L/h, it is ensured that cassava moisture
Need, while controlling spray amount by controlling spray time.Wherein, cultivating casing 1 can be by multiple dividing plate dismantling
Ground mode is spaced from each other multiple Culture basins to form multiple independent spaces, and cuts off bottom intercommunicating pore.Adopt stainless steel simultaneously
Shower nozzle is sprayed, and each casing can fill 6 shower nozzles, and the wall of both sides is each 3, it is ensured that the uniformity of mist, to arrange difference
Test process.
As shown in figure 4, the delivery port of liquid reserve tank is connected with sprayer unit, the water inlet of liquid reserve tank and the draining of culture casing
Hole 4 connects；Refrigeration machine is connected to freeze it with liquid reserve tank；Condenser pipe is located in culture casing 1, the water inlet end of condenser pipe
It is connected with the delivery port of liquid reserve tank, water side is connected with the water inlet of liquid reserve tank.Nutrient solution is stored in liquid reserve tank and for making
Cold is circulated, and nutrient solution ensures 25 DEG C of the temperature inside the box of culture by the cooling water tank or back-shaped condenser pipe of cabinet wall, leads to constant temperature
It is used to reduce spin manifold temperature after nutrient solution, it is stable in the state of the growth of suitable cassava.Shading net covering is outer in culture casing 1
Enclose, whole culture casing 1 outer covering 6 pin sunshade nets of bilayer, the spacing of surrounding sunshade net and culture casing just goes up in 50cm or so
Square sunshade net is directly layered on box cover 8, and it is equidirectional with the gap of box cover 8 break, it is convenient to take observation cassava away at any time
With regulation box body temperature.High noon summer temperature too high (during more than 33 DEG C), when sunlight is too strong, needs at noon (12：00-15:
00) the pin sunshade net of lid 3 above whole culture apparatus, is that cassava shading is avoided heat.By above-mentioned measure, case body temperature control can be made
System is in 26-28 DEG C of summer, 24-26 DEG C of winter.
Wherein, used as during an entirety culture, Fig. 4 is shown in nutrient solution circulation to casing.Sketch and be：Circulation is 1.：Refrigeration machine will be stored up
The nutrient solution of liquid case is maintained at 25 DEG C；Circulation is 2.：Nutrient solution enters casing by atomising device, is absorbed by plants, unnecessary battalion
Osculum of the nutrient solution through cultivating lower box after Culture basin, spilling is back to liquid reserve tank；Circulation is 3.：Nutrient solution passes through case
Liquid reserve tank is back to after the condenser pipe or cooling cylinder of wall；Circulation is 4.：The circulation being of little use, i.e., aloft set interim liquid reserve tank,
When long-time has a power failure, the direct Culture basin of nutrient solution in the interim liquid reserve tank of eminence, by the row of bottom half after spilling
Water hole is back to liquid reserve tank.
When culture casing is partitioned into 3 parts, and when being cultivated using 3 kinds of nutrient solutions, its nutrient solution circulation is shown in
Fig. 2.Sketch and be：Circulation is 1.：Coolant (being necessary for pure water) is maintained at 25 DEG C by refrigeration machine；Circulation is 2.：Coolant is through case
Return at storage after internal condenser pipe/cooler bin.Circulation is 3.：During nutrient solution is by being placed in coolant in each liquid reserve tank each
Condenser pipe cooling after return in liquid reserve tank；Circulation is 4.：Nutrient solution enters casing by atomising device, is absorbed by plants, unnecessary
Nutrient solution after Culture basin, spilling through culture lower box part osculum be back to respective liquid reserve tank；Circulation is 5.：When long
Between when having a power failure, the coolant of the standby interim liquid reserve tank for being placed in eminence is directly entered the Culture basin below casing, leads to after spilling
The osculum for crossing bottom half is back to the liquid reserve tank of each nutrient solution.
A kind of nutrient solution is additionally provided in the embodiment, to improve a great number of elements of Huo Gelan formulas, iron salt solutions, micro
Based on the formula of element, its original formulation includes following component：Four water-calcium nitrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, nitric acid
Ammonium 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solutions 5ml/L and liquid microelement 5ml/L, pH=
6.0。
The collocation method of iron salt solutions is：Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3.73g are dissolved in
500ml distilled water, and pH is adjusted to into 5.5；
Liquid microelement includes following component：KI 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, sulfuric acid
Zinc 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulphate 0.025mg/L and cobalt chloride 0.025mg/L.
Using formula 1, it is 1/2 concentration of above-mentioned original formulation to the nutrient solution of 0-35d (d is day).
Using formula 2, it is above-mentioned original formulation concentration to 35-90d.
Cassava is carried out using the device of the embodiment quickly to breed, concretely comprise the following steps：
(1) this method can do breeding kind stem using aging kind of stem or spray, and cassava seed stems require to be more than 25cm, cassava seed stems
In casing, middle 10cm is cover sheet thickness to one end at least 5cm, and the cassava seed stems other end extends the implantation hole of box cover
More than 10cm (is reserved more than 3-5 seed bud).Need to smear vaseline at the top of kind of stem during plantation, in case stalk moisture loss is too
Hurry up.When doing kind of stem using spray, its top also can be used directly, but need to retain top, and other blades are peeled off.Before planting stem culture
Need to be sterilized with 1000 times of carbendazim or methyl Top Tianjin immersion 5-10 minutes.
Cassava seed stems are placed in the hole of box cover, are fixed with sponge wrapping, and by the middle of sizeable plastic foil
Punching, through kind of a stem, and is close to kind of a stem and fixes, and plastic foil is scattered in diffusion and covers cover board hole, it is ensured that rainwater is without going past kind
Stem wall enters casing.Bottom Culture basin is by lifting support adjustment height to from casing inner top 25cm.Culture basin top paving 100
Mesh gauze, and spread the thick perlite+vermiculite+activated carbons (4 of 2cm or so:1:1), it is ensured that cassava root system is not straight with lower floor moisture
Contact, and play a part of fixed support root system.Whole casing covers sunshade net.The sunshade net of casing surrounding should be apart from casing
40cm.1/2 concentration that the nutrient solution of the plant culture of 0-30d is filled a prescription using improvement Huo Gelan, sprayer unit spraying culture 30-35
My god.
(2) root growth is touched after Culture basin in cassava culture, removes lifting support after length about 40cm, is cultivated
Basin is placed directly within plummer, is advisable with root system contact Culture basin top substrate.By the steel wire rope of peripheral fixture (away from lid
Plate 20cm) stalk that regularly goes up, while the nutrient solution that the nutrient solution of 1/2 concentration is changed to normal concentration is continued to cultivate.
(3) after 85-90d, cassava ground upper height is about 1m, stalk can be truncated into into 4 parts, proceeds atomization culture
Bred, or continuation is atomized to be transplanted after culture 15-20d is taken root and field growing is carried out in ground.Overground part highly exceedes
During 60cm, overground part is fixed using simultaneously fixed on the high steel wire ropes of 20cm and 40cm, it is ensured that the stable wind resistance of stalk.But the fixation side
Formula cannot defend larger typhoon, not have too big advantage with the cassava wind loading rating in field with plantation.
(4) this propagation method is capable of achieving 5 times of increments with 90d as a cycle, i.e., 1 plant becomes 5 plants, it is contemplated that actual plantation
Middle kind of stem bottom and time bottom kind stem have about 25% probability to be capable of achieving the achievable 6 times of increments of double-rod, i.e., averagely per plant.According to gas
Time situation, whole year achievable 3.5-4 generations breeding, the breeding rate in 1 year is 432-1296 times.
(5) whole culture casing is needed disposed within or builds incubator indoors in winter, and takes Insulation, is needed
Indoor temperature is set to be maintained in the range of 20-28 DEG C；Other seasons are placed in outdoor or set up incubator in outdoor, take
The cooling measure that text is mentioned, can be such that case body temperature controls at 26-28 DEG C.
Light compensating lamp should be used during indoor culture, it is desirable to red blue light 630nm:460nm=7:2, light filling intensity is in 2500-
Between 3000lux, this method 144 × 3W lamp beads used in practical operation are suspended at cassava 1.5m-2m, are sure not to lean on too
Closely, otherwise it is likely to result in light evil.Single light compensating lamp irradiated area is 3m × 2m, with the growth of cassava, need to adjust light compensating lamp
Angle so as to incline, and the imaginary connecting line on the position parallel to cassava most linear leaf and cassava top, to reach maximum illumination
Effect.The use of light compensating lamp can significantly alleviate the situation that cassava interval is increased in booth, can cultivate suitable field planting
Cassava seed stems.
Can so ensure that annual nothing is stopped carries out propagation of seed stock.Further, since the box cover of culture casing is occlusion structure,
Conveniently cassava complete stool can be nondestructively removed, this is also the important leverage of the cultural method.
Experimental result：
Application examples 1：September is planted on culture casing from 27 plants of cassava seed stems (length 40cm) on the 16th within 2015.And adopt
Take corresponding waterproof, temperature control, fixation.All plant survive.
Overground part underground part slightly grows after 7d；Root system development is obvious after 15d, overground part shoot height about 15cm；30d
Root system raised growth afterwards, root length has reached 40cm；40d main root quantity reaches 96.7 ± 24.9, and fibrous root quantity is more, and length is not
One, a large amount of distributions.Overground part height has reached 1m after 90d.
Application examples 2：On April 16th, 2016 plants 27 plants of cassavas, and all plant survive, plant above ground portion robust growth,
Leaf color is dark green；Well developed root system, base portion and other positions have a large amount of root growths.
14 plants of result has been observed after culture 45d is：Average root bar number is 105.9 ± 45.2/plant, and average total root is a length of
1486.5 ± 882.5cm/ strains, average single a length of 28.2 ± 6.2cm/ bars；Overground part height has reached 1m after 90d；By these
Stalk is bred again after blocking, and overground part plant height has also reached 1m after 90d.Plant in land for growing field crops after taking root with culture 15d after blocking,
Survival rate reaches 98%, and through normal growth, winter plant height reaches 1.5-2.5m.
What deserves to be explained is, either make in nutrient solution in the water of cryocooled liquid reserve tank, liquid reserve tank in the embodiment
The useful water of the institute such as water should be pure water, and electrical conductivity (25 DEG C ± 1 DEG C)≤10us/cm should not use running water, it is recommended to use
Drinking pure water or the pure water of laboratory reverse osmosis membrane pure water equipment manufacture.Before pure water use should by ozonization or
Person's ultraviolet disinfection.
To sum up, the invention provides for the fast numerous apparatus and method of cassava, with can breed at any time, Immortalization, numerous
Grow the advantages of tender stem, breeding potential are high, and survival rate is high.
It is aforementioned to the present invention specific illustrative embodiment description be in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can be much changed
And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining that the certain principles and its reality of the present invention should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and using the present invention a variety of exemplaries and
A variety of selections and change.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist, it is characterised in that specifically include：
Cassava culture apparatus is provided, it includes：
Culture casing, is provided with multiple plummers in it, the surrounding of the plummer is gutter, and the bottom of the culture casing sets
There is the osculum in multiple connection gutters；
Box cover, it is demountable structure, and the box cover is snapped on the culture casing to cover the culture casing,
The box cover is provided with multiple implantation holes；
Lifting support, several lifting supports are respectively arranged on the top of multiple plummers；
Culture basin, multiple Culture basins are respectively arranged on several described lifting supports, and in each Culture basin support member is provided with；
Plantation net, multiple plantation nets are respectively arranged on a support member top, and the online place mat of the plantation has certain thickness
Culture stone；
Fixing device, it is located at the top of multiple implantation holes；And
Sprayer unit, the shower nozzle of multiple sprayer units is uniformly located at the upper end in the incubator body, for the culture
The nutrient solution of basin sprinkling atomization；
Cassava method for quickly breeding is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step one, one end of the cassava seed stems of 20-30cm is placed in the Culture basin, and the other end extends the box cover
Implantation hole and reserved 2-3 kind eyes are externally-located, while closing the implantation hole, 1/2 concentration is added toward in the Culture basin
Nutrient solution, sprayer unit spraying culture 30-35 days；
Step 2, removes lifting support so that Culture basin is placed directly within plummer after the root system of cassava seed stems touches Culture basin
On, the cassava seed stems fixed above the box cover by the fixing device, while the nutrient solution of 1/2 concentration is changed to just
Often the nutrient solution of concentration continues to cultivate；
Cassava seed stems above box cover after cultivating 85-90 days, are truncated into some sections by step 3, continue to repeat to walk
Rapid one to step 3 is cultivated or continued after culture is taken root for 15-20 days and migrated to field and planted；
Wherein, the temperature control in the incubator body is at 20-28 DEG C.
2. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cassava is cultivated
Device also includes liquid reserve tank and refrigeration machine, and the delivery port of the liquid reserve tank is connected with the sprayer unit, the water inlet of the liquid reserve tank
Mouth is connected with the osculum；The refrigeration machine is connected to freeze it with the liquid reserve tank.
3. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cassava is cultivated
Device also includes condenser pipe, the condenser pipe in the incubator body, the water inlet end of the condenser pipe and the liquid reserve tank
Delivery port connects, and water side is connected with the water inlet of the liquid reserve tank.
4. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step one
Sunshade net is covered in the periphery of the culture casing.
5. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the casing
Sub- cover plate is engaged constitutes by many for cover plate.
6. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fixation
Device includes：Support bar, steel wire rope and wrap member, the support bar is used to for the steel wire rope to be supported in multiple implantation holes
Top, multiple wrap members are respectively arranged on the steel wire rope.
7. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spraying
Device is ultrasonic ultrasonic delay line memory or stainless steel shower nozzle, and the culture case-side portion is provided with observation door.
8. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include every
Plate, multiple dividing plates are releasably mode being spaced from each other multiple Culture basins.
9. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutrition
Liquid includes following component：Four water-calcium nitrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/
L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solutions 5ml/L and liquid microelement 5ml/L.
10. the cassava method for quickly breeding based on Nutrient Mist according to claim 9, it is characterised in that molysite is molten
The collocation method of liquid is：By ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3.73g is dissolved in 500ml distilled water, and will
PH is adjusted to 5.5；
Liquid microelement includes following component：KI 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, zinc sulfate
8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulphate 0.025mg/L and cobalt chloride 0.025mg/L.
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| CN111011189A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 海南大学 | Method for simply and rapidly improving germination rate of cassava stems and water culture nutrient solution |
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| CN106577027B (en) | 2019-08-23 |
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