CN106567360B - A kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river - Google Patents
A kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river Download PDFInfo
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- CN106567360B CN106567360B CN201610893144.3A CN201610893144A CN106567360B CN 106567360 B CN106567360 B CN 106567360B CN 201610893144 A CN201610893144 A CN 201610893144A CN 106567360 B CN106567360 B CN 106567360B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river, by being staggered groynes in river two sides；In the upstream of groynes, ecological ground sills is set；Slough is formed using ecological ground sills, groynes and riverbank, gravel layer is laid in slough, earthwork layer is laid on gravel layer, plants the stronger submerged plant of stain resistance on earthwork layer；Area of slack water is formed in downstream using groynes and riverbank, gravel layer is laid in area of slack water, earthwork layer is laid on gravel layer, plants hygrophyte on earthwork layer；Floating plate is set in the downstream of groynes, is provided with floatingleaved plant in the grid of the floating plate.The habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river of the present invention, which has the advantage that, controls the water flow in river by groynes and ecological ground sills, winding torrent depth canal is formed using hard river, the self-purification capacity in river and the diversity of landscape can be effectively promoted, improved river can also undertake city river flood discharge or water retaining function simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the buildings in urban ecology river and recovery technology field, in particular to by construct ecological ground sills come
The habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river is transformed.
Background technique
Under field conditions (factors), river is typically winding, while alternately there are pool shoal, diversified rivers
Condition enriches the ecological diversity in habitat in hard river, and the specific surface area in riverbed has been significantly greatly increased, so that being attached to riverbed
On biological species and quantity greatly increase, be conducive to the enhancing of water body self-purification ability.
River in modern city is city and the precious resources of citizen, but the main feature of existing city river
It is straightization, homogenization, it is uniform regular rectangular shape or trapezoidal that river cross-section is rebuild by engineering, and river biology is caused to be inhabited
Environment unification, ecological diversity are seriously damaged, simultaneously as urban river water is less, water quality easily corruption is contaminated,
But also need to undertake the city functions such as flood discharge in rainy season, crushing injury is easily caused to river ecological, therefore, it is necessary to existing
Urban hard river be transformed, make full use of this precious resources of urban river, construct urban ecology river for citizen
The city functions such as admire, while retaining its flood discharge, purifying water.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention: to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, present invention aim to address current cities
The problems such as hard river generally existing ecology in city is single, and water self-cleaning ability is poor, cannot be considered in terms of flood discharge.
(2) a kind of technical solution: habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river, wherein including following
Step:
Step 1: the river reconstructed to needs is investigated, and is obtained hydraulic condition of river data and is calculated corresponding design water level
And design discharge；
Step 2: being staggered groynes in river two sides, and groynes is vertical with riverbank, and groynes length is the 1/5- of river width
1/2,30-200 meters are divided between adjacent groynes；
Step 3: ecological ground sills is set in the upstream of groynes, ecological ground sills and the angle on upstream riverbank are 30-60 °；
Step 4: forming slough using ecological ground sills, groynes and riverbank, is laid with gravel layer in slough, gravel layer is adopted
The gravel for being 30-50cm with partial size is laid with earthwork layer on gravel layer, plants the stronger submerged plant of stain resistance on earthwork layer；
Step 5: area of slack water is formed in downstream using groynes and riverbank, is laid with gravel layer in area of slack water, gravel layer uses grain
Diameter is the gravel of 10-30cm, and earthwork layer is laid on gravel layer, plants hygrophyte on earthwork layer；
Step 6: floating plate is set in the downstream of groynes, floating plate has the bottom of inverted trapezoidal and the grid of hollow out, described
Floating plate is connected by hawser and groynes traction, and the floating plate is hidden in groynes downstream or by hawser across on river,
Floatingleaved plant is provided in the grid of the floating plate.
Preferably, lookout terrace is provided on the groynes.
Preferably, the riverbank of the area of slack water and groynes are equipped with fishing platform.
Preferably, the height of the ecological ground sills is higher than flood design water level.
Preferably, the submerged plant is algae: eel grass, leaf dish, hornwort or black algae.
Preferably, the hygrophyte is mullet grass, aquatic iris, the stem or leaf of cattail or Chinese pennisetum.
Preferably, the floatingleaved plant is water lily, duckweed meets grass, water chestnut or Wang Lian.
Preferably, shrub and fallen leaves wood are planted on the riverbank of the area of slack water.
Preferably, it is equipped with pipeline in the ecological ground sills, groynes and gravel layer, which passes through valve control switch shape
State.
Preferably, filter device is provided in the pipeline.
(3) the utility model has the advantages that a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river provided by the invention has
It has the advantage that and the water flow in river is controlled by groynes and ecological ground sills, formed using hard river winding
The river ecological that torrent depth canal, torrent depth canal and shoal coexist, can satisfy the demand of variety classes aquatile, river Nei Shui
Fluidised form and flow velocity diversification extreme enrichment river ecosystem are flowed, the self-purification capacity in river and the multiplicity of landscape can be effectively promoted
Property, improved river can also undertake city river flood discharge or water retaining function simultaneously, have both environmental protection, ecology, society and economy
Benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of river building signal of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of river building signal of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of river schematic diagram of the habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river of the present invention.
The riverbank 10-；The river 11-；20- groynes；21- lookout terrace；30- ecology ground sills；The slough 31-；The area of slack water 40-；50-
Floating plate；51- grid；52- hawser.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to preferred embodiment, is elaborated in the following description more
Details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention obviously can be come with a variety of other modes different from this description
Implement, those skilled in the art can without violating the connotation of the present invention according to practical situations make it is similar promote,
It deduces, therefore should not be limited the scope of the invention with the content of this specific embodiment.
Fig. 1-3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that this attached drawing only as an example, not be by
It draws, and should not be construed as limiting in this, as to actual requirement protection scope of the invention according to the condition of equal proportion.
The characteristics of existing urban hard river is hard of the river 11 by dredging work trimming for homogenization, Shunziization
River, 11 section of river is mostly trapezoidal, and hard river has good water storage and flood carrying capacity, but the river 11 of single Shunzi
Cause biological habitat single, and biology is washed away by flood after rainy season flood discharge, ecological environment by catastrophic collapse,
During water storage, 11 sluggish flow of city river, water quality is easily rotten, and needs to put into financial resources and carry out purified treatment to water quality, is
Transformation current hard river, while retaining the function of its city water storage, flood discharge, at the same promoted river 11 ecological environment and
The self-purification capacity of river water, the technical program are as follows: a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river,
In, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the river 11 reconstructed to needs is investigated, and is obtained 11 hydrological data of river and is calculated corresponding design
Water level and design discharge；
Step 2: being staggered groynes 20 in 11 two sides of river, and groynes 20 is vertical with riverbank 10, and 20 length of groynes is river
The 1/5-1/2 of 11 width is divided into 30-200 meters between adjacent groynes 20；
Step 3: ecological ground sills 30 is set in the upstream of groynes 20, ecological ground sills 30 and the angle on upstream riverbank 10 are 30-
60°；
Step 4: forming slough 31 using ecological ground sills 30, groynes 20 and riverbank 10, is laid with gravel in slough 31
Layer, gravel layer use partial size for the gravel of 30-50cm, earthwork layer are laid on gravel layer, plantation stain resistance is stronger on earthwork layer
Submerged plant；
Step 5: area of slack water 40 is formed in downstream using groynes 20 and riverbank 10, is laid with gravel layer, gravel in area of slack water 40
Layer uses partial size for the gravel of 10-30cm, and earthwork layer is laid on gravel layer, plants hygrophyte on earthwork layer；
Step 6: floating plate 50 is set in the downstream of groynes 20, floating plate 50 has the bottom of inverted trapezoidal and the lattice of hollow out
Grid 51, the floating plate 50 are connected by hawser 52 and the traction of groynes 20, and the floating plate 50 is hidden in 20 downstream of groynes or logical
Hawser 52 is crossed across on river 11, is provided with floatingleaved plant in the grid 51 of the floating plate 50.
Reduce the flow width in river 11 by the groynes 20 that is staggered and ecological ground sills 30, change the stream of river water
Dynamic direction and the flow velocity for increasing water flow, the bottom in rapid stream continuous erosion hard river make river 11 be not easy siltation silt
Mud forms slough 31 between ecological ground sills 30 and groynes 20, shoal is formed by being laid with gravel layer and earthwork layer, in the water storage phase
Between, the water purification plant planted in shoal can effectively purify water and for a variety of aquatiles especially fish, insect and
Amphibian provides the place looked for food, lay eggs and survived, and during flood, the animals and plants in shoal are not made by the impact of flood
With only water level rises, and ecology will not be caused to be seriously damaged because of flood.
The downstream of groynes 20 passes through since by ecological ground sills 30 and groynes 20 to keep out therefore water flow not anxious for the impact of water flow
The Viewing Area of hygrophyte can be formed by being laid with gravel layer and earthwork layer, provide ornamental wind while enriching the ecosystem for citizen
The pleasure ground of scape, and destruction will not be flushed away during flood.
20 downstream of groynes also sets up floating plate 50, and the grid 51 of hollow out is set in floating plate 50, and plantation is by floating leaf in grid 51
Plant, floatingleaved plant can provide ornamental landscape for citizen, while a large amount of floatingleaved plant has powerful water purification ability, by
Being bound in floating plate 50 in floatingleaved plant will not be washed away by water flow；The bottom of floating plate 50 is arranged to inverted trapezoidal, floating plate
50 can further compress water flow section, increase water velocity, and the position of floating plate 50 is controllable, therefore can play flexible tune
The effect of water flow.
It is provided with lookout terrace 21 on the groynes 20, effect of the groynes 20 in city river 11 is made full use of, in groynes
Lookout terrace 21 is built on 20, citizen can watch the different ecological view of groynes 20 two sides slough 31 and area of slack water 40, may be used also
Closely to watch the ornamental plant on floating plate 50.
The riverbank 10 of the area of slack water 40 and groynes 20 are equipped with fishing platform, are arranged on area of slack water 40, groynes 20 and hang down
Platform is fished, guidance citizen rationally fish, enjoyment of fishing can be both enjoyed in the intensive region of fish, simultaneously as area of slack water 40,
Gravel layer is laid in slough 31, the gradient of 11 bottom of river is smaller, can not climb out of after overboard when can effectively prevent fishing
The danger in hard river.
The height of the ecology ground sills 30 is higher than flood design water level, and the height of ecological ground sills 30 is consistently higher than the water surface, extremely
Environment in pool 31 is more closed, and is not easy directly to be impacted during flood by flood.
The submerged plant is algae: eel grass, leaf dish, hornwort or black algae, submerged plant can be one or more
Algae mixed planting.
The hygrophyte is that mullet grass, aquatic iris, the stem or leaf of cattail or Chinese pennisetum, hygrophyte can be one or more plants
Object mixed planting.
The floatingleaved plant is water lily, duckweed meets grass, water chestnut or Wang Lian, and floatingleaved plant can be a kind of plant single cropping,
Or the plantation of various plants interval, it can be with the ornamental value of the extreme enrichment water surface.
Shrub and fallen leaves wood are planted on the riverbank 10 of the area of slack water 40, shrubbery mass and the wooden group that falls leaves can enrich river 11
Ecological environment, while the citizen to play provide the good condition avoided heat of shading.
It is equipped with pipeline in the ecology ground sills 30, groynes 20 and gravel layer, which passes through valve control switch state,
Pipeline can be improved the flood flood carrying capacity in river 11 after transformation while not influence the ecological environment of slough 31 and area of slack water 40.
Preferably, filter device is provided in the pipeline, filter device can be filter screen, especially suitable for the spring and summer phase
Between algal bloom cleaning.
The above content is the explanations of the preferred embodiment to the invention, those skilled in the art can be helped more to fill
The technical solution for dividing ground to understand the invention.But these embodiments are merely illustrative, and it cannot be said that the invention
Specific embodiment be only limitted to the explanations of these embodiments.The invention person of an ordinary skill in the technical field is come
It says, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, several simple deductions and transformation can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to
The protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the river reconstructed to needs is investigated, and is obtained hydraulic condition of river data and is calculated corresponding design water level and set
Count flow；
Step 2: being staggered groynes in river two sides, and groynes is vertical with riverbank, and groynes length is the 1/5-1/2 of river width,
30-200 meters are divided between adjacent groynes；
Step 3: ecological ground sills is set in the upstream of groynes, ecological ground sills and the angle on upstream riverbank are 30-60 °；
Step 4: forming slough using ecological ground sills, groynes and riverbank, is laid with gravel layer in slough, gravel layer uses grain
Diameter is the gravel of 30-50cm, and earthwork layer is laid on gravel layer, plants the stronger submerged plant of stain resistance on earthwork layer；
Step 5: forming area of slack water in downstream using groynes and riverbank, is laid with gravel layer in area of slack water, gravel layer use partial size for
The gravel of 10-30cm is laid with earthwork layer on gravel layer, plants hygrophyte on earthwork layer；
Step 6: floating plate is set in the downstream of groynes, floating plate has the bottom of inverted trapezoidal and the grid of hollow out, the floating
Plate is connected by hawser and groynes traction, and the floating plate is hidden in groynes downstream or by hawser across on river, described
Floatingleaved plant is provided in the grid of floating plate；
It is equipped with pipeline in the ecology ground sills, groynes and gravel layer, which passes through valve control switch state.
2. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: lookout terrace is provided on the groynes.
3. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the riverbank of the area of slack water and groynes are equipped with fishing platform.
4. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the height of the ecology ground sills is higher than flood design water level.
5. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the submerged plant is algae: eel grass, leaf dish, hornwort or black algae.
6. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the hygrophyte is mullet grass, aquatic iris, the stem or leaf of cattail or Chinese pennisetum.
7. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the floatingleaved plant is water lily, duckweed meets grass, water chestnut or Wang Lian.
8. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: shrub and fallen leaves wood are planted on the riverbank of the area of slack water.
9. a kind of habitat diversity ecological restoring method in urban hard river according to claim 1, feature exist
In: filter device is provided in the pipeline.
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| CN110396979A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-01 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | A kind of ecological restoring method of city river |
| CN112225318B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-09-16 | 华北水利水电大学 | Urban river course flood-fighting and water-blocking purification system |
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| CN102094404A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Method for constructing deep pool and shoal in straight river channel |
| CN104429529A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 华侨大学 | Method for building ecological littoral zone in buffer area |
| CN104631383A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-20 | 河海大学 | Flexible ecological spur dike system |
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