CN108360453B - Plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction method - Google Patents
Plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108360453B CN108360453B CN201810175652.7A CN201810175652A CN108360453B CN 108360453 B CN108360453 B CN 108360453B CN 201810175652 A CN201810175652 A CN 201810175652A CN 108360453 B CN108360453 B CN 108360453B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction methods, comprising the following steps: tentatively selected zoobenthos habitat constructs section；In the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section, multiple porous enrockment weirs are constructed along the extending direction of the first Riparian Zone, and cattail and/or calamus are transplanted in multiple patch formulas close to the first Riparian Zone waters between porous enrockment weir two-by-two, it is built into aquatic vegetation；The multiple sedge flitches of setting are spaced apart on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after multiple porous enrockment weirs, multiple cobble patches are laid on riverbed；It is spaced apart the multiple regulatable river zoobenthos of height of laying on the downstream river surface of zoobenthos habitat building section and hides device；Indigenous benthic mollusc is launched on the building section of zoobenthos habitat.The method of the present invention can fast and effeciently improve the habitat quality of river zoobenthos, and then improve the benthic fauna diversity of zoobenthos habitat building section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river ecological studying technological domain, in particular to a kind of zoobenthos habitat construction method.
Background technique
In recent years, developing power to water resource and living aquatic resources as socio-economic development and population constantly increase
Degree is unprecedented surging, and the pressure generated to river ecological environment is increasing, and sewage discharge, hydraulic engineering, the husky mining of digging, diversion fill
Irrigate equal mankind's action attacks aquatile habitat.In addition the reasons such as the overfishing of the mankind, unusual weather conditions, eventually lead to
The zoobenthos habitat quality decline in plain tract river, bio-diversity significantly reduce.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above problems, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction method, using " constructing more
A porous enrockment weir-aquatic vegetation building-sedge flitch laying-substrate partial size transformation-regulatable river of height
Zoobenthos hides device laying-dispensing original inhabitants benthic mollusc " habitat constructing technology, be sufficiently used the water in river
Matter and geomorphologic characteristics fast and effeciently improve the habitat quality of variety classes zoobenthos, and then improve bottom by artificial measures
The benthic fauna diversity of the zootope that dwells building section.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of plain tract zoobenthos habitat is provided
Construction method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: preliminary selected plain tract section of the flow rate of water flow close to the first Riparian Zone less than 0.4m/s is the bottom of as
The zootope that dwells constructs section, and the length of zoobenthos habitat building section is at least 200m；
Step 2: in the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section, along the extending direction structure of first Riparian Zone
Build multiple porous enrockment weirs, wherein the length that any one porous enrockment weir extends from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi is not
More than 2.5m, the distance between two neighboring porous enrockment weir is not less than 10m；
Between porous enrockment weir two-by-two close to the first Riparian Zone waters in multiple patch formulas transplanting cattail and/or
Calamus is built into aquatic vegetation, wherein the aquatic vegetation falls in the development length in first Riparian Zone of part
At least 40m transplants of length no more than 2m of each patch along its first Riparian Zone extending direction transplanted of formation,
The cattail of each patch formula transplanting and/or the area of calamus are 2.5-3m2, two neighboring patch spacing is at least 1.8m；
Step 3: being spaced apart the multiple tongue furs of setting on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after the multiple porous enrockment weir
Vegetation side, and the depth of water in waters set by the multiple sedge flitch is less than 0.25m, while the subregion on the riverbed in unhurried current waters
It launches natural pebble of the diameter more than or equal to 2cm and forms multiple cobble patches, the overall elongation of multiple cobble patches is of length no more than
50m, wherein on the extending direction of river surface, multiple cobble patches and the multiple sedge flitch mutually stagger setting；
It is laid with Step 4: being spaced apart on the downstream river surface of the zoobenthos habitat building section after the unhurried current waters
Multiple regulatable river zoobenthos of height hide device, and the regulatable river zoobenthos of multiple height hides device and leans on
Nearly first Riparian Zone setting；Wherein, the flow velocity in the unhurried current waters is less than 0.3m/s, and the depth of water is less than 1.0m；And
Step 5: it is dynamic according to 980-550g/m to launch indigenous bottom software of dwelling on the building section of the zoobenthos habitat
Object；
Wherein, it includes: the first framework that the regulatable river zoobenthos of the height, which hides device, passes through the group that is flexible coupling
Part floating is arranged on river surface, and at the first Riparian Zone, so that first framework can be same with the lifting of river surface height
Step lifting；Multiple support rods, it is evenly-spaced to be arranged in first framework, and the both ends of the multiple support rod are fixed
On to corresponding two edges of first framework, and angle≤90 degree of the flow direction of multiple support rods and river；And it is multiple
Plant beam is fresh branch folding forming, and one end of the multiple plant beam is evenly-spaced to be fixed on the multiple support
On bar, so that the multiple plant Shu Chaoxiang river surface extends below setting；
The sedge flitch includes: second framework, is swum on the water surface, and the second framework can be lived by spud pile
Dynamic is positioned close at Riparian zone；At least one keel, both ends ride upon in second framework；And multiple plant bodies,
For perennial aquatic and herbaceous plant, the multiple plant body grow thickly root by connecting line I it is evenly-spaced be suspended on it is described
In space between second framework and at least one keel so that the root of growing thickly of multiple plant bodies be immersed in the water surface with
Under, stem's protrusion water surface setting of multiple plant bodies；Wherein, connecting line I is overlapped at least one keel and second framework.
Preferably, in step 1, the water quality of zoobenthos habitat building section meets or better than IV class water body, and 5
The water temperature of the moon-September is greater than 10 DEG C, and the waters stream in the first Riparian Zone 4m river surface width range of habitat building section
Speed is less than 0.4m/s, and the depth of water is less than or equal to 1.0m.
Preferably, any one porous enrockment weir include be piled by irregular stone in inverted V-arrangement and/or
Inverted U-shaped structure, and any one porous enrockment weir further includes being plugged in inverted V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure
Multiple first timbers of periphery, wherein the partial size of irregular stone is more than or equal to 20cm, and multiple first timbers, which are spaced apart from each other, to be opened up
It sets.
Preferably, the multiple first timber is spaced from each other setting, and the length of any one the first timber is greater than
1.4m, the depth that riverbed is inserted into any one first timber lower end are greater than 80cm, any one first timber diameter is 13-15cm, phase
The spacing of adjacent two first timbers is 18-20cm；
And the upper end of the multiple first timber rises from one side of river surface to first Riparian Zone side in staged, institute
State the height that the upper ends of multiple first timbers is exposed the surface and be at least 18cm so that irregular stone be piled into inverted
The upper surface of V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure is subsequently formed an inclined-plane.
Preferably, further comprising the steps of:
The first dead wood weir is arranged in waters between multiple porous enrockment weirs and the unhurried current waters；
Hide the waters between device with the multiple river zoobenthos in the unhurried current waters and the second dead wood weir is set
Dam；
Wherein, the first dead wood weir and/or the second dead wood weir include:
Dead wood, accumbency are positioned close on the part river surface of the first Riparian Zone, and the tree crown end embedment the of the dead wood
Depth is greater than 60cm in one Riparian Zone, and fixes by the second timber and/or the first drill rod, and the tree root end of the dead wood passes through the
Three timbers and/or the second drill rod are fixed on riverbed, at least so that the lower surface of the trunk of the dead wood is contacted with riverbed, dead wood
Trunk diameter be less than or equal to 40cm；
More sedges, are strapped in respectively on dead wood tree root end and trunk.
Preferably, further includes:
First gabion is extended along first Riparian Zone, and first gabion is arranged in first dead wood
The part in the downstream of weir first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；
Second gabion is extended along first Riparian Zone, and second gabion is arranged in second dead wood
The part in the downstream of weir first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；
Wherein, the first gabion or the second gabion include a stone portion, to be at least not advising for 15cm by multiple partial sizes
The width that then stone is laid with composition is at least 80cm, of length no more than 5m, and thickness is at least above the irregular structure of water surface 20cm；
Fixed net, is wrapped in the stone portion, and the both ends of the fixed net and middle part pass through the 4th timber and/or third drill rod
It is fixed in the first Riparian Zone.
Preferably, cattail plant body height is 60-100cm, and the depth of digging pit of transplanting is 5-10cm, and calamus plant body is high
Degree is 50-60cm, and the depth of digging pit of transplanting is 5-10cm, and the Transplanting Density of cattail and calamus is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/
Clump, the transplanting of patch formula, the width 1.5-2m of each patch, patch spacing are 1.8-2.1m.
Preferably, the soft connection component further include:
At least one set of spud pile, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and the end portion of at least one set of spud pile
The horizontal distance of the insertion point I and river surface of being inserted into the first Riparian Zone is at least 50cm；
Multiple flexible joining parts, it is corresponding with the quantity of at least one set of spud pile, and the both ends of the multiple flexible joining part
It is connected in the multiple fixed points of at least one set of spud pile and first framework, multiple fixed points are in first framework
On position it is different two-by-two；
Floating ball is connected in first framework；And
At least one set of bar, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and at least one set of bar is arranged in rows in described the
Between one framework and at least one set of spud pile, the height of the exposed part more than river surface at least one set of bar is at least
1m；Height of water level of at least one set of bar insertion river close to the insertion point of Riparian zone II is 40-50cm.
Preferably, at least one set of bar is two, and the distance between two bars≤first framework frame
Length；
The frame length of first framework is 2.5-4.5m；The frame of first framework is the poplar of diameter 6-8cm
Trunk；The distance between two neighboring support rod is 50-60cm；
The multiple plant beam is one or more of fresh branch of poplar, fresh Ramulus ulmi pumilae or fresh willow branch, wherein
The diameter of one end of any plant beam is 6-8cm, length 40-70cm, and on same support rod between adjacent two plants beam
Distance is 20-30cm.
Preferably, the frame of the second framework is the strip timber of diameter 6-8cm or the trunk gathered materials on the spot, and
The length of the frame is 2-3m；The distance between two adjacent keel are 50-60cm, and at least one keel are length
Bar shaped timber or the trunk gathered materials on the spot；
Plant body is Carex meyeriana and/or distension capsule sedge, and stem's height of multiple plant bodies is at least 15cm；Multiple plants
The diameter of the root of growing thickly of strain body is 20-30cm, and the height for root of growing thickly is 20-25cm；It is enclosed in the second framework
In range, the distribution density of the multiple plant body is 3-4 beam/m2；
Two bumping posts, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and two bumping post is arranged in described the along water (flow) direction
Between two frameworks and spud pile, the distance between two bumping posts are less than the frame length of the second framework, exposed more than river surface
The height of part two bumping post be at least 1m.
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects:
In the present invention, area of slack water, inner lead and the weir abutment part formed between multiple porous enrockment weirs is formed
Rapids zone increase river flow field diversity, build diversified river habitat, be part zoobenthos and hobby deep water ring
The fish in border provide diversification and inhabit habitat；
The first Riparian Zone of softening is constructed by aquatic vegetation, and can effectively avoid the first Riparian Zone soil stone after afterflow
It loses；
It is laid with by sedge flitch and substrate partial size transform zoobenthos as and inhabites the diversified substrate ring for providing and being suitable for
Border；It is proliferated benthic mollusc, is dwelt key species supplemented with the bottom lacked in river ecosystem；
Hide device by the regulatable river zoobenthos of height to be laid with, plays shading for zoobenthos, shelter, ingest
Effect increases habitat stability and suitability, also provides sanctuary in flood period for other small fishes；
To sum up, the method for the present invention can fast and effeciently improve the habitat quality of variety classes zoobenthos, and then improve bottom
It dwells animal community's diversity.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 habitat structure according to the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat of the present invention in one embodiment
Build the overlooking structure diagram of section；
The habitat according to the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat of the present invention in another embodiment Fig. 2
Construct the overlooking structure diagram of section；
Fig. 3 hides device setting according to the regulatable river zoobenthos of height of the present invention in one embodiment and exists
Whole the schematic diagram of the section structure on river surface；
Fig. 4 hides the vertical view of device according to the regulatable river zoobenthos of height of the present invention in one embodiment
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 hides device setting according to the regulatable river zoobenthos of height of the present invention in another embodiment
Whole the schematic diagram of the section structure on river surface；
Fig. 6 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of part A in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 hides device setting according to the regulatable river zoobenthos of height of the present invention in further embodiment
Partial top structural schematic diagram on river surface；
Fig. 8 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of part B in Fig. 7；
The signal of the whole cross-section structure on river surface is arranged according to sedge flitch of the present invention in one embodiment in Fig. 9
Figure；
Figure 10 is according to the overlooking structure diagram of sedge flitch of the present invention in one embodiment；
Figure 11 is according to the overlooking structure diagram of sedge flitch of the present invention in another embodiment；
The whole cross-section structure on river surface is arranged according to sedge flitch of the present invention in another embodiment by Figure 12
Schematic diagram；
Figure 13 is assembled in the section knot on a plant body according to balanced component of the present invention in further embodiment
Structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein are not precluded one or more
The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: preliminary selected plain tract section of the flow rate of water flow close to the first Riparian Zone less than 0.4m/s is the bottom of as
The zootope that dwells constructs section, and the length of zoobenthos habitat building section is at least 200m；Such as: zoobenthos habitat
The length for constructing section is 200m, 240m or 270m etc.；
Step 2: in the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section, along the extending direction structure of first Riparian Zone
Build multiple porous enrockment weirs 100, wherein the length that any one porous enrockment weir extends from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi
No more than 2.5m, the distance between two neighboring porous enrockment weir is not less than 10m；Between porous enrockment weir two-by-two
Close to the first Riparian Zone waters in multiple patch formulas transplanting cattail and/or calamus, be built into aquatic vegetation, wherein institute
It states the development length that aquatic vegetation is fallen in first Riparian Zone of part and is at least 40m, transplant each patch 90 of formation
The of length no more than 2m for the first Riparian Zone extending direction transplanted along it, the cattail and/or Chang of each patch formula transplanting
The area of Pu is 2.5-3m2, two neighboring patch spacing is at least 1.8m；In practical applications, each porous enrockment weir
The of length no more than 2.5m extended from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi can avoid porous enrockment weir excessive influence river normal stream
Speed, main purpose is to improve the Ha Noi environment that the first Riparian Zone is no more than within the scope of 4m to the width that Ha Noi extends, so that people
The building of work habitat is organically combined with river itself environment, under the premise of not influencing river flood discharge, is realized to zoobenthos habitat
Building；Such as: the length that multiple porous enrockment weirs extend from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi is 2.0m, 2.3m or 2.5m；
The porous enrockment weir of general setting 6 or more；
Step 3: being spaced apart the multiple tongue furs of setting on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after the multiple porous enrockment weir
Vegetation side, and the depth of water in waters set by the multiple sedge flitch is less than 0.25m, while the subregion on the riverbed in unhurried current waters
It launches natural pebble of the diameter more than or equal to 2cm and forms multiple cobble patches, the overall elongation of multiple cobble patches is of length no more than
50m, wherein on the extending direction of river surface, multiple cobble patches and the multiple sedge flitch mutually stagger setting；Multiple ovum
Lithosporic block is arranged on opposite riverbed of the sedge flitch far from the first riverbank, spatially cooperates, while to the waters
Riverbed carries out the transformation of substrate partial size；In practical applications, the diameter of natural pebble is 2cm, 4cm, 5cm even 8cm；Adjacent two
There is a certain distance between a cobble patch, such as: 4.5m, 5.0m or 5.5m (dotted line frame portion in such as Fig. 1-2 on river surface
Point), the area of any one cobble patch can be 3m2、4m2、5m2Or 6m2；
Step 4: being spaced apart paving on the downstream river surface 30 of the zoobenthos habitat building section after the unhurried current waters
If multiple regulatable river zoobenthos of height hide device, and the regulatable river zoobenthos of multiple height hides device
It is arranged close to the first Riparian Zone；Wherein, the flow velocity in the unhurried current waters is less than 0.3m/s, and the depth of water is less than 1m；Under in river
The unhurried current waters of trip is laid with sedge flitch, the transformation of substrate partial size, and is laid with the regulatable river zoobenthos of height and hides dress
It sets, and then realizes that the water quality and geomorphologic characteristics that are sufficiently used river fast and effeciently improve not of the same race by artificial measures
The habitat quality of class zoobenthos, and then improve the benthic fauna diversity of zoobenthos habitat building section；And
Step 5: it is dynamic according to 980-550g/m to launch indigenous bottom software of dwelling on the building section of the zoobenthos habitat
Object；It is dynamic above-mentioned multiple steps are arranged and then launch indigenous bottom software of dwelling into building section of zoobenthos habitat described in this
Object provides basis for the fast quick-recovery of benthic fauna；
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3-4, it includes: the first framework 10 that the regulatable river zoobenthos of the height, which hides device,
It is arranged on river surface 30 by the floating of soft connection component 20, and at the first Riparian Zone 40, so that first framework
It can be with the lifting synchronization lifting of river surface height；Multiple support rods 101, it is evenly-spaced to be arranged in first framework, and
The both ends of the multiple support rod are fixed on corresponding two edges of first framework, and the stream of multiple support rods and river
To angle≤90 degree of (arrow show the flow direction in river in Fig. 1)；And multiple plant beams 102, it is folded for fresh branch
Molding, one end of the multiple plant beam is evenly-spaced to be fixed on the multiple support rod, so that the multiple plant
Shu Chaoxiang river surface extends below setting.In the present solution, the first framework is generally wood quality, such as trunk, bamboo pole etc., convenient for just
Ground materials, and it is at low cost, it is easy to swim on river surface, and by its synchronization lifting of the seat lifting adjusting of river surface, soft connection component is only
It is to play certain traction fixed function to the first framework, floats it in small-scale river surface, it is avoided to float with river；It is more
A support rod is fixed in the first framework, on the one hand strengthens the structure of the first framework, on the other hand provides bondage for plant beam
Support construction, multiple plant beams, which need to be inserted into the water surface hereinafter, realizing to provide in Different water period for river zoobenthos, hides place,
Also it is provided for Ephemerida benthon and builds the river zoobenthos of nest matrix and hide device；Therefore, it is necessary to use iron wire will
One end of plant beam is fastened on multiple support rods, avoids its movement.Fresh branch has certain toughness, generally will not be by water
Stream fractures, and fresh leaf thereon gradually rot after the canebreak that is formed and periphtic algae also can for zoobenthos and
Fish provide food source；
As shown in figs. 9-10, the sedge flitch is removably positioned close on the river surface 30 of the first Riparian Zone 40, packet
Include: second framework 50 is swum on the water surface, and the second framework is positioned close to bank by the way that spud pile 60 is mobilizable
At band；At least one keel 501, both ends ride upon in second framework, wherein two are ridden upon in second framework with upper keel
When, it does not contact with each other between keel two-by-two；And multiple plant bodies 502, it is perennial aquatic and herbaceous plant, the multiple plant
The root 5021 of growing thickly of strain body is suspended on the second framework and at least one dragon by the way that connecting line I 503 is evenly-spaced
In space between bone so that the root of growing thickly of multiple plant bodies be immersed in the water surface hereinafter, multiple plant bodies stem 5022
Protrude water surface setting；Wherein, connecting line I 503 is overlapped at least one keel and second framework.In scheme, second framework
Fixed at least one keel and multiple plant bodies are used to support, so that multiple plant bodies are uniformly distributed and swim on the water surface, and
Its root of growing thickly then is immersed in the water surface hereinafter, in turn, providing hydrostatic in zoobenthos breeding period for zoobenthos and delaying aquatic
Cease environment (flow velocity be less than 0.2m/s), and the plant body and periphtic algae inhabited on device provided for zoobenthos it is stable
Food source；On the other hand, plant body, second framework and at least one keel reduce flow rate of water flow, by retention fine sand and
The sticky grains of sand play the role of rush silt to change offshore water substrate partial size and provide diversified habitat conditions for zoobenthos；
Meanwhile also for benthon provide it is good hide environment, rapid expansion zoobenthos inhabites ground area, and performance is inhabited
The effect that ground is reinforced, contributes to form stable river ecosystem.
Wherein, multiple plant bodies are herbaceos perennial, have the root expanded grown thickly, do not need that it is in addition arranged
His supplementary structure, just can provide habitat completely for zoobenthos and other small fishes.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, in step 1, the water of zoobenthos habitat building section
Matter meets or better than IV class water body, and May-, the water temperature of September was greater than 10 DEG C, and the first Riparian Zone close to habitat building section
Waters flow velocity is less than 0.4m/s in 4m river surface width range, and the depth of water is less than or equal to 1.0m.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, any one porous enrockment weir includes by irregular stone heap
What is be built into is in inverted V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure, and any one porous enrockment weir further includes being plugged in inverted V
Multiple first timbers of the periphery of shape and/or inverted U-shaped structure, wherein the partial size of irregular stone is more than or equal to 20cm, more
A first timber is spaced from each other setting.Multiple porous enrockment weirs are built with riverbed topography,
Water flow is more convenient in the upper end of inverted V-arrangement and/or the porous enrockment weir of inverted U-shaped structure to flow through,
Porous enrockment weir rear forms the area of slack water and inner lead from river surface into porous enrockment weir, facilitates zoobenthos attached
And procreation.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, the multiple first timber is spaced from each other setting, and any
The length of a first timber is greater than 1.4m, and the depth that riverbed is inserted into any one first timber lower end is greater than 80cm, any one first
Timber diameter is 13-15cm, and the spacing of adjacent two first timbers is 18-20cm；
And the upper end of the multiple first timber rises from one side of river surface to first Riparian Zone side in staged, institute
State the height that the upper ends of multiple first timbers is exposed the surface and be at least 18cm so that irregular stone be piled into inverted
The upper surface of V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure is subsequently formed an inclined-plane；
The depth in the multiple first timber insertion riverbed can fully meet the needs of fixed enrockment weir, whether husky
Matter riverbed or shale riverbed, the multiple porous enrockment weirs of the setting that can be consolidated, not by environmental restrictions.And closer to
First Riparian Zone, the height that the first timber extends riverbed is higher so that irregular stone be piled into inverted V-arrangement
And/or the upper surface of inverted U-shaped structure is subsequently formed an inclined-plane, and then river water is stopped to wash away the first Riparian Zone as far as possible.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, it is further comprising the steps of:
The first dead wood weir is arranged in waters between multiple porous enrockment weirs and the unhurried current waters；
Hide the waters between device with the multiple river zoobenthos in the unhurried current waters and the second dead wood weir is set
Dam；
Wherein, the first dead wood weir 200 and/or the second dead wood weir 300 include:
Dead wood, accumbency are positioned close on the part river surface of the first Riparian Zone, and the tree crown end embedment the of the dead wood
Depth is greater than 60cm in one Riparian Zone, and fixes by the second timber and/or the first drill rod, and the tree root end of the dead wood passes through the
Three timbers and/or the second drill rod are fixed on riverbed, at least so that the lower surface of the trunk of the dead wood is contacted with riverbed, dead wood
Trunk diameter be less than or equal to 40cm；
More sedges, are strapped in respectively on dead wood tree root end and trunk.
In the present solution, the first dead wood weir and/or the second dead wood weir are reinforced tying as a kind of zoobenthos habitat
Structure stops gravel, in the upstream of the first dead wood weir and/or the second dead wood weir on the one hand by adjusting current scour effect
Face forms profundal zone, forms pool and shoal in the first dead wood weir and/or the second dead wood weir downstream face of dam, moulds diversification
Water environment, on the other hand also provide sanctuary in flood period for benthic mollusc and other small fishes.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, further includes: the first gabion 2001, along described
First Riparian Zone is extended, and part first river in the downstream of the first dead wood weir is arranged in first gabion
Bank band and water surface contact position；
Second gabion 3001 is extended along first Riparian Zone, and second gabion is arranged described second
The part in the downstream of dead wood weir first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；
Wherein, the first gabion or the second gabion include a stone portion, to be at least not advising for 15cm by multiple partial sizes
The width that then stone is laid with composition is at least 80cm, length 4-6m, and thickness is at least above the irregular structure of water surface 20cm；Gu
Determine net, be wrapped in the stone portion, and the both ends of the fixed net and middle part are solid by the 4th timber and/or third drill rod
Determine to the first Riparian Zone.
In the present solution, dead wood weir especially can cause to wash away, the in the wet season due to changing water flow to downstream Riparian Zone
One Riparian Zone, therefore the first gabion and the second gabion is arranged, on the one hand protects the first Riparian Zone, on the other hand the first gabion and the
Two gabions also provide sanctuary in flood period for benthic mollusc and other small fishes.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, cattail plant body height is 60-100cm, the depth of digging pit of transplanting
Degree is 5-10cm, and calamus plant body height is 50-60cm, and the depth of digging pit of transplanting is 5-10cm, and the transplanting of cattail and calamus is close
Degree is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/clump, the transplanting of patch formula, the width 1.5-2m of each patch, patch spacing are 1.8-2.1m.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, the soft connection component further include:
At least one set of spud pile, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and the end portion of at least one set of spud pile
The horizontal distance of the insertion point I and river surface of being inserted into the first Riparian Zone is at least 50cm；
Multiple flexible joining parts, it is corresponding with the quantity of at least one set of spud pile, and the both ends of the multiple flexible joining part
It is connected in the multiple fixed points of at least one set of spud pile and first framework, multiple fixed points are in first framework
On position it is different two-by-two；
Floating ball is connected in first framework；And
At least one set of bar, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and at least one set of bar is arranged in rows in described the
Between one framework and at least one set of spud pile, the height of the exposed part more than river surface at least one set of bar is at least
1m；Height of water level of at least one set of bar insertion river close to the insertion point of Riparian zone II is 40-50cm.
Soft connection component further include: at least one set of spud pile 201, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone；Wherein, one
Group spud pile can be 1,2 even 3, determine needs according to water velocity and the size of fixed frame etc. in practical applications
The quantity of setting；Multiple flexible joining parts 202, it is corresponding with the quantity of at least one set of spud pile, and the multiple flexible joining part
Both ends be connected in the multiple fixed points of at least one set of spud pile and first framework, multiple fixed points are described
Position in one framework is different two-by-two；Multiple flexible joining parts can be iron wire, steel wire or the thicker rope made of hemp of diameter etc.；Floating ball,
It being connected in first framework, floating ball can be fixed on around the first framework by be flexible coupling rope or iron wire, steel wire etc.,
It is assisted to swim on river surface always；And at least one set of bar 203, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and at least one
Group bar is arranged in rows between first framework and at least one set of spud pile, described in the exposed part more than river surface at least
The height of one group of bar is at least 1m.In the present solution, at least one set of bar can be 1,2 even 3, set in a row
Between first framework and at least one set of spud pile, during the 5-8 month of current year is applied, such as flood, water level is in the short time
It is interior to increase suddenly, so that it is higher to hide device float position, it is possible to lean on offshore under the drawing of river impact and flexible joining part
Sideband is mobile, when flood is decorporated, when water level decreasing, hides plant beam fixed in device and is possible to directly contact Riparian zone
Mud face, and then cause to hide in the first Riparian Zone of device parts rest, using effect is influenced, and it is provided at least one set of bar
Afterwards, even if river level rises, at least one set of bar also can effectively stop to hide device, avoid it excessively close to the first riverbank
Band, and then effectively avoid hiding in the first Riparian Zone of device parts rest.
As shown in fig. 7, at least one set bar is two, and two in the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat
The distance between root bar≤first framework frame length；
As shown in Fig. 5,7, the frame length of first framework is 2.5-4.5m；The frame of first framework is diameter
The poplar trunk of 6-8cm；The distance between two neighboring support rod is 50-60cm；
As shown in Fig. 3,5, the multiple plant beam is one of fresh branch of poplar, fresh Ramulus ulmi pumilae or fresh willow branch
It is or several, wherein the diameter of one end of any plant beam is 6-8cm, length 440-70cm, and adjacent two on same support rod
The distance between plant beam is 20-30cm.In the present solution, the frame length of the first framework can be 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m
Or 4.5m；The diameter of the frame of first framework can be the poplar trunk of 6cm, 7cm or 8cm；Two neighboring support rod it
Between distance can be 50cm, 55cm or 60cm.Plant beam is by being formed after the bending binding of fresh branch, since fresh branch has
There is certain toughness, the bending of certain radian can be formed in the other end of plant beam, and then formed in the other end of plant beam
One loose space more expanded, wherein can be provided for river zoobenthos and hide place, also be Ephemerida benthon
Nest matrix is built in offer, and therefore, the binding end diameter of plant beam is slightly less than the diameter of the other end, for example, one end of plant beam
When for 6cm, 7cm or 8cm, the other end may be 15cm, 17cm even 20cm；Length is also due to the scrambling of fresh branch
There is certain difference, for example is 60cm, 63cm, 68cm or 70cm etc.；On same support rod, between two neighboring plant beam
Distance no more than 30cm；It for example is 20cm, 24cm, 26cm or 30cm etc..
As shown in Figure 6,7, the regulatable sedge flitch of height further include: lantern ring 204 is set on any bar, and
The interior diameter of the lantern ring is greater than any bar diameter；And connecting rod 205, one end of which is fixed on the side wall of the lantern ring,
The other end is fixed on the frame of the support frame of the first Riparian Zone, and connecting rod horizontal connection is arranged in the lantern ring and institute
It states between support frame.In the present solution, setting lantern ring and support rod are used to be connected to bar for the first framework is mobilizable, with auxiliary
It helps bar blocking to hide device to be floated to excessively close to the first Riparian Zone；The interior diameter of lantern ring is greater than the diameter of bar, Ke Yiman
Foot hides device with the needs of the lifting synchronization lifting of the water surface, also, in order to better meet this needs, and bar can choose
Bamboo pole or the trunk of epidermis polishing treatment etc., to reduce the frictional force between lantern ring and bar.Arrow is in river in Fig. 5
Current direction.
As shown in Fig. 5,7, the end portion of at least one set of spud pile is inserted into the insertion point I of the first Riparian Zone and the water of river surface
Flat distance is at least 50cm；Height of water level of at least one set of bar insertion river close to the insertion point of Riparian zone II is 40-50cm.
In the above scheme, at least one set of spud pile is not submerged into water generally, only plays the role of the fixed flexible joining part of bondage, into
And the movable range for restraining the first framework is fixed, and at least one set of bar then must be positioned in certain height of water level, to meet
Stop the first framework excessively close to the first Riparian Zone, can be that gear is set at 40-50cm in river level height in dry season therefore
Bar.And the first framework may be provided at close to the river surface side of bar, but generally be not arranged in river center, and it is proximate to the first river
The setting of bank band.
In practical applications, the fresh blade on multiple plant beams is in 28-30 days because of basic consumption such as rotten, food are stung
Totally, the plant beam that therefore, it is necessary to more renew guarantees the application effect for hiding device；Generally in the 5-8 month of current year in application,
Primary the multiple plant beam was replaced at interval of 28-30 days；The regulatable sedge flitch of the height further includes two metals
Silk 103, intersects and is extended on the diagonal line of first framework；As shown in fig. 6, two one metal wires are used for the
One framework is further fixed, and is guaranteed the stable structure of the first framework, is prolonged its service life；As shown in fig. 7, right angle is fixed
Part 104, be located in the joining place of the two neighboring frame of first framework, and the opening of the right angle fixing piece is towards the
The center of one framework；Pairs of through-hole 1041, is arranged on right angle fixing piece；Multiple staples 1042 correspond to dismountable insert
Enter in pairs of through-hole, and is inserted into the frame of the first framework through pairs of through-hole；And multiple V-arrangement articulation pieces 1043, it sets respectively
It sets on four right angle fixing pieces of first framework, and the both ends of any one V-arrangement articulation piece are hingedly arranged in one
On the right angle fixing piece；One end of any one metal wire is connected to the middle part of V-arrangement articulation piece.Due to the first framework be it is wooden,
It after impregnating for a long time in river, is easy to rot, and is then easier to damage in the linking part of the frame of the first framework, because
This is used to further reinforce the linking part of the first framework in the present solution, right angle fixing piece is arranged, and is provided with U
Staple, which facilitates, is fixed on right angle fixing piece in the first framework, and V-arrangement articulation piece then provides bondage fixed point for wire, convenient
Operation, and further the first framework of protection.Right angle fixing piece can be the anti-corrosions materials such as stainless steel material or PVC material.
In the construction method of plain tract zoobenthos habitat, the frame of the second framework is the strip of diameter 6-8cm
Timber or the trunk gathered materials on the spot, and the length of the frame is 2-3m；The frame of the framework is diameter 6cm, 7cm or 8cm
Strip timber or the trunk gathered materials on the spot, for example poplar is dry, willow is dry etc., and the length of the frame be 2m, 2.3m,
2.6m or 3m, is selected as needed；And then the shape of framework can be rectangle, square or diamond shape etc.；
The distance between two adjacent keel are 50-60cm, and at least one keel are for strip timber or just
The trunk of ground materials；Keel are available locally, and the more straight poplar trunk production of application, both ends are fixed on frame by bondages such as iron wires
On body, or fixed by steel nail；
As shown in Fig. 9,13, plant body is Carex meyeriana and/or distension capsule sedge, and stem's height of multiple plant bodies is at least
For 15cm；The diameter of the root of growing thickly of multiple plant bodies is 20-30cm, and the height for root of growing thickly is 20-25cm；Described second
In the range of framework encloses, the distribution density of the multiple plant body is 3-4 beam/m2；In practical applications, it is normally applied
Single Carex meyeriana and/or the plant body diameter of distension capsule sedge are 20-25cm；It can water around after the stem of sedge grows tall
Face bends and is formed bigger shed space, and provides canebreak group food for small fishes or zoobenthos.Offer is set
The proper density of multiple plant bodies is set, can be water flow by providing certain space, and then retain the fine sand in water flow and viscosity sand
Grain plays the role of promoting silt.
As shown in figure 12, two bumping post 70, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and two bumping post is arranged along water (flow) direction
It is arranged between the framework and spud pile, the distance between two bumping posts are less than the frame length of the framework, exposed in river surface
The height of above part two bumping post is at least 1m.In the present solution, application sedge flitch during, such as flood, water
Position is increased suddenly in a short time, so that sedge flitch float position increases, water velocity increases, therefore, in river impact and
It is mobile close to Riparian zone under the containing of the wire of spud pile, when flood is decorporated, when water level decreasing, fixed plant in sedge flitch
The root of growing thickly of strain body is possible to directly contact the mud face of Riparian zone, and then leads to sedge flitch the first Riparian Zone of parts rest
On, using effect is influenced, and after being provided with two bumping posts, even if river level rises, two bumping posts also can effectively stop sedge wooden
Side avoids it excessively close to the first Riparian Zone, and then effectively avoids sedge flitch parts rest in the first Riparian Zone.Such as Figure 13
It is shown, wherein the sedge flitch further includes balanced component 80 comprising latch closure 801 removably be located in plant body
Root of growing thickly；Multiple spines 8011, are provided projectingly from the inner surface of the latch closure, and multiple spines are inserted into close to stem
Grow thickly in root；Multiple through holes 8012, correspondence is provided on the latch closure two-by-two, and connecting line I is opened up through wherein correspondence
Two through holes through latch closure and grow thickly root setting；Multiple compensating grooves 802, one end of which is fixed on the outer surfaces of the latch closure
On, the other end extends outwardly setting to the anchor ring perpendicular to the latch closure；And the multiple compensating groove removably be located in portion
Divide on connecting line I.In the present solution, balanced component is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple plant bodies, for multiple plant bodies are more preferable
The space being fixed between at least one keel and framework in, and can by the horizontal support effect of multiple compensating grooves so that
Multiple plant bodies are erected on water body always；Wherein, multiple spine piercings are grown thickly in root, and then provide multiple around plant body
Support point, in practical applications, the maximum gauge of multiple spines are no more than 10mm, of length no more than 15mm, should avoid applying as far as possible
The root of growing thickly of plant body is injured in the process；Latch closure can be the fiber band of softwood matter, plastic tape etc., is also possible to head and the tail and hingedly sets
That sets is Metal Flake；Connecting line I is arranged through wherein corresponding two through holes opened up through latch closure and root of growing thickly, and then latch closure
The gravity of plant part body can be shared, directly plugs the damage generated after connecting line I to it to reduce root of growing thickly.
Current year the 5-8 month in application, replacing primary the multiple plant body at interval of 61-62 days.In practical applications,
Multiple plant bodies grow thickly root in 60-61 days because river water is washed away, rotted, eat to sting etc. and can damage seriously, and therefore, it is necessary to replace
New plant body, to guarantee the application effect of sedge flitch.
Embodiment 1
Step 1: preliminary selected plain tract section of the flow rate of water flow close to the first Riparian Zone less than 0.4m/s is the bottom of as
The zootope that dwells constructs section, and the length of zoobenthos habitat building section is 230m；
Step 2: in the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section, along the extending direction structure of first Riparian Zone
Build multiple porous enrockment weirs, wherein the length that any one porous enrockment weir extends from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi
2.0m, the distance between two neighboring porous enrockment weir are 10m；8 porous enrockment weirs are set altogether；Porous two-by-two
Cattail and/or calamus are transplanted in multiple patch formulas close to the first Riparian Zone waters between gap enrockment weir, is built into aquatic plant
Object group, wherein the development length that the aquatic vegetation is fallen in first Riparian Zone of part is at least 40m, transplants shape
At each patch be less than 2m, the perfume (or spice) of each patch formula transplanting along the length of its first Riparian Zone extending direction transplanted
The area of Pu and/or calamus is 2.5m2, two neighboring patch spacing is 1.8m；
Step 3: being spaced apart the multiple tongue furs of setting on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after the multiple porous enrockment weir
Vegetation side 50, and the depth of water 0.1-0.23m in waters set by the multiple sedge flitch, while the subregion on the riverbed in unhurried current waters
Domain launches natural pebble of the diameter more than or equal to 2cm and forms multiple cobble patches, and the overall elongation length of multiple cobble patches does not surpass
Cross 50m, wherein on the extending direction of river surface, multiple cobble patches and the multiple sedge flitch mutually stagger setting；It is multiple
Cobble patch is arranged on opposite riverbed of the sedge flitch far from the first riverbank, wherein sedge flitch in pairs, is arranged 3 altogether
Group, the diameter of natural pebble is based on 2cm, 4cm, a small amount of 5cm even 8cm；The distance between two adjacent cobble patches are
4.5m；Cattail plant body height is 100cm, and depth of digging pit is 10cm, and calamus plant body height is 60cm, and depth of digging pit is
The Transplanting Density of 10cm, cattail and calamus is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/clump, patch formula are transplanted；
Cattail plant body height is 60cm, and depth of digging pit is 5cm, and calamus plant body height is 50cm, and depth of digging pit is
The Transplanting Density of 5cm, cattail and calamus is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/clump, patch formula are transplanted；
The first dead wood weir is arranged in waters between multiple porous enrockment weirs and the unhurried current waters；Described slow
Draining area and the multiple river zoobenthos hide the waters between device and the second dead wood weir are arranged；Wherein, the first dead wood
Weir and/or the second dead wood weir include: dead wood, and accumbency is positioned close on the part river surface of the first Riparian Zone, and described
The tree crown end of dead wood is embedded to depth 70cm in the first Riparian Zone, and is fixed by the second timber and/or the first drill rod, the dead wood
Tree root end be fixed on riverbed by third timber and/or the second drill rod, at least so that the lower surface of the trunk of the dead wood
It is contacted with riverbed, trunk diameter 40cm, 38cm or 35cm of dead wood；More sedges are strapped in dead wood tree root end respectively
On trunk；
First gabion is extended along first Riparian Zone, and first gabion is arranged in first dead wood
The part in the downstream of weir first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；Second gabion is set along first Riparian Zone extension
It sets, and second gabion is arranged in part first Riparian Zone in the downstream of the second dead wood weir and contacts with the water surface
Place；Wherein, the first gabion or the second gabion include a stone portion, are the irregular stone for being at least 15cm by multiple partial sizes
The width for being laid with composition is 80cm, 85cm or 90cm etc., and length 5m, 4cm or 3cm, thickness is higher than the water surface 20cm, 30cm or 35cm
Irregular structure；Fixed net, is wrapped in the stone portion, and the both ends of the fixed net and middle part pass through the 4th timber
And/or third drill rod is fixed in the first Riparian Zone；
It is laid with Step 4: being spaced apart on the downstream river surface of the zoobenthos habitat building section after the unhurried current waters
The regulatable river zoobenthos of 6 height hides device, and to hide device close for the regulatable river zoobenthos of 6 height
The setting of first Riparian Zone；Wherein, the flow velocity in the unhurried current waters is less than 0.3m/s, and the depth of water is less than 1.0m；And
Step 5: launching indigenous benthic mollusc according to 980g/m on the building section of the zoobenthos habitat.
As a result:
The part of in September, 2016 investigation is shown, in identical section, finds 2 kinds of benthon, respectively viviparus chui yen and black dragon altogether
The short ditch in river is curled up, biomass 1.65g/m2, Shannon Wiener index 0.81, evenness index 0.81, diversity index is
3.47。
And after the method for embodiment according to the present invention 1 carries out the building of zoobenthos habitat 3 months, part tune of in September, 2017
Display is looked into, finds 14 kinds of zoobenthos altogether, respectively flat leech, the short ditch in Heilungkiang curl up, Gomphidae naiad sp1, Gomphidae naiad
Circle in the thick abdomen chironomus larvas of sp2, shell, ovum radish spiral shell, dragonfly section naiad, viviparus chui yen, four section Fu section larvas, line phryganeid larva, Usu
River snail, dome pearl oyster, Chang Fu midge race larva, the small long-armed shrimp of China；Biomass is 6.00g/m2, Shannon Wiener index is
3.13, evenness index 0.82, diversity index 6.19.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: preliminary selected plain tract section of the flow rate of water flow close to the first Riparian Zone less than 0.4m/s is the bottom of as
The zootope that dwells constructs section, and the length of zoobenthos habitat building section is 200m；
Step 2: in the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section, along the extending direction structure of first Riparian Zone
Build multiple porous enrockment weirs, wherein the length that any one porous enrockment weir extends from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi
2.5m, the distance between two neighboring porous enrockment weir are 12m；6 porous enrockment weirs are set altogether；
Between porous enrockment weir two-by-two close to the first Riparian Zone waters in multiple patch formulas transplanting cattail and/or
Calamus is built into aquatic vegetation, wherein the aquatic vegetation falls in the development length in first Riparian Zone of part
For 40m, length 2m of each patch along its first Riparian Zone extending direction transplanted of formation, each patch formula are transplanted
The cattail of transplanting and/or the area of calamus are 3m2, two neighboring patch spacing is 2m；
Step 3: being spaced apart the multiple tongue furs of setting on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after the multiple porous enrockment weir
Vegetation side, and the depth of water 0.1-0.22m in waters set by the multiple sedge flitch, while the subregion on the riverbed in unhurried current waters
It launches natural pebble of the diameter more than or equal to 2cm and forms multiple cobble patches, the overall elongation of multiple cobble patches is of length no more than
50m, wherein on the extending direction of river surface, multiple cobble patches and the multiple sedge flitch mutually stagger setting；Multiple ovum
Lithosporic block is arranged on opposite riverbed of the sedge flitch far from the first riverbank；Wherein, sedge flitch in pairs, is arranged 3 groups altogether,
The diameter of natural pebble is based on 3cm, 5cm, a small amount of 7cm even 9cm；Have between two adjacent cobble patches it is certain away from
From for 50m；Cattail plant body height is 100cm, and depth of digging pit is 10cm, and calamus plant body height is 60cm, and depth of digging pit is
The Transplanting Density of 10cm, cattail and calamus is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/clump, patch formula are transplanted；
It is laid with Step 4: being spaced apart on the downstream river surface of the zoobenthos habitat building section after the unhurried current waters
Multiple regulatable river zoobenthos of height hide device, and the regulatable river zoobenthos of multiple height hides device and leans on
Nearly first Riparian Zone setting；Wherein, the flow velocity in the unhurried current waters is less than 0.3m/s, and the depth of water is less than 1.0m；And
Step 5: launching indigenous benthic mollusc according to 500g/m on the building section of the zoobenthos habitat.
As a result:
The part of in September, 2016 investigation is shown, in identical section, 3 kinds of benthon of discovery altogether, respectively Chinese small long-armed shrimp,
Ovum radish spiral shell and slider worm, biomass 0.02g/m2, Shannon Wiener index 1.58, evenness index 1.
And after the method for embodiment according to the present invention 1 carries out the building of zoobenthos habitat 4 months, part tune of in September, 2017
Look into display, altogether find 8 kinds of zoobenthos, respectively the short ditch in Heilungkiang curl up, Gomphidae naiad, the thick abdomen chironomus larvas of shell, apparent movement Fu
Belong to larva, midge pupa, four section Fu section larvas, viviparus chui yen, the small long-armed shrimp of China；Biomass is 2.09g/m2, Shannon prestige Nasdaq index
Number is 2.69, evenness index 1.2.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plain tract zoobenthos habitat construction method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: preliminary selected plain tract section of the flow rate of water flow close to the first Riparian Zone less than 0.4m/s is dwelt the bottom of as
Object habitat constructs section, and the length of zoobenthos habitat building section is at least 200m；
Step 2: being constructed along the extending direction of first Riparian Zone more in the upstream of zoobenthos habitat building section
A porous enrockment weir, wherein any one porous enrockment weir extends of length no more than from the first Riparian Zone to Ha Noi
2.5m, the distance between two neighboring porous enrockment weir are not less than 10m；
Cattail and/or Chang are transplanted in multiple patch formulas close to the first Riparian Zone waters between porous enrockment weir two-by-two
Pu is built into aquatic vegetation, wherein the aquatic vegetation falls in the development length in first Riparian Zone of part extremely
It is less 40m, transplants of length no more than 2m of each patch along its first Riparian Zone extending direction transplanted of formation, often
The cattail of a patch formula transplanting and/or the area of calamus are 2.5-3m2, two neighboring patch spacing is at least 1.8m；
Step 3: being spaced apart the multiple sedge wood of setting on the water surface in the unhurried current waters after the multiple porous enrockment weir
Side, and the depth of water in waters set by the multiple sedge flitch is less than 0.25m, while subregion is launched on the riverbed in unhurried current waters
Natural pebble of the diameter more than or equal to 2cm forms multiple cobble patches, the of length no more than 50m of overall elongation of multiple cobble patches,
Wherein, on the extending direction of river surface, multiple cobble patches and the multiple sedge flitch mutually stagger setting；
Step 4: it is multiple to be spaced apart laying on the downstream river surface of the zoobenthos habitat building section after the unhurried current waters
Highly regulatable river zoobenthos hides device, and the regulatable river zoobenthos of multiple height hides device close to
The setting of one Riparian Zone；Wherein, the flow velocity in the unhurried current waters is less than 0.3m/s, and the depth of water is less than 1.0m；And
Step 5: launching indigenous benthic mollusc according to 550-980g/m on the building section of the zoobenthos habitat；
Wherein, it includes: the first framework that the regulatable river zoobenthos of the height, which hides device, is floated by soft connection component
Float is set on river surface, and at the first Riparian Zone, so that first framework can rise with the lifting of river surface height is synchronous
Drop；Multiple support rods, it is evenly-spaced to be arranged in first framework, and the both ends of the multiple support rod are fixed to institute
It states on corresponding two edges of the first framework, and angle≤90 degree of the flow direction of multiple support rods and river；And multiple plants
Beam is fresh branch folding forming, and one end of the multiple plant beam is evenly-spaced to be fixed on the multiple support rod,
So that the multiple plant Shu Chaoxiang river surface extends below setting；
The sedge flitch includes: second framework, is swum on the water surface, and the second framework is mobilizable by spud pile
It is positioned close at Riparian zone；At least one keel, both ends ride upon in second framework；And multiple plant bodies, it is more
The root of growing thickly of year life aquatic and herbaceous plant, the multiple plant body is suspended on described second by the way that connecting line I is evenly-spaced
In space between framework and at least one keel so that the root of growing thickly of multiple plant bodies be immersed in the water surface hereinafter,
Stem's protrusion water surface setting of multiple plant bodies；Wherein, connecting line I is overlapped at least one keel and second framework.
2. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that described in step 1
The water quality of zoobenthos habitat building section meets or better than IV class water body, and May-, the water temperature of September was greater than 10 DEG C, and close to described
Habitat constructs waters flow velocity in the first Riparian Zone 4m river surface width range of section and is less than 0.4m/s, and the depth of water is less than or equal to 1.0m.
3. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that any one porous heap
Stone weir includes being piled by irregular stone in inverted V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure, and any one porous heap
Stone weir further includes multiple first timbers for being plugged in the periphery of inverted V-arrangement and/or inverted U-shaped structure, wherein irregular
The partial size of stone is more than or equal to 20cm, and multiple first timbers are spaced from each other setting.
4. plain tract zoobenthos as claimed in claim 3 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that the multiple first wood
Stake is spaced from each other setting, and the length of any one the first timber is greater than 1.4m, any one first timber lower end insertion riverbed
Depth is greater than 80cm, any one first timber diameter is 13-15cm, and the spacing of adjacent two first timbers is 18-20cm；
And the upper end of the multiple first timber rises from one side of river surface to first Riparian Zone side in staged, it is described more
The height that the upper end of a first timber is exposed the surface is at least 18cm so that irregular stone be piled into inverted V-arrangement
And/or the upper surface of inverted U-shaped structure is subsequently formed an inclined-plane.
5. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that further include following step
It is rapid:
The first dead wood weir is arranged in waters between multiple porous enrockment weirs and the unhurried current waters；
Hide the waters between device with the multiple river zoobenthos in the unhurried current waters and the second dead wood weir is set；
Wherein, the first dead wood weir and/or the second dead wood weir include:
Dead wood, accumbency are positioned close on the part river surface of the first Riparian Zone, and the tree crown end of the dead wood is embedded to the first river
Depth is greater than 60cm in bank band, and is fixed by the second timber and/or the first drill rod, and the tree root end of the dead wood passes through third wood
Stake and/or the second drill rod are fixed on riverbed, at least so that the lower surface of the trunk of the dead wood is contacted with riverbed, the tree of dead wood
Dry diameter is less than or equal to 40cm；
More sedges, are strapped in respectively on dead wood tree root end and trunk.
6. plain tract zoobenthos as claimed in claim 5 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that further include:
First gabion is extended along first Riparian Zone, and first gabion is arranged in the first dead wood weir
Downstream part first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；
Second gabion is extended along first Riparian Zone, and second gabion is arranged in the second dead wood weir
Downstream part first Riparian Zone and water surface contact position；
Wherein, the first gabion or the second gabion include a stone portion, are the irregular stone for being at least 15cm by multiple partial sizes
The width that block is laid with composition is at least 80cm, length 4-6m, and thickness is at least above the irregular structure of water surface 20cm；It is fixed
Net is wrapped in the stone portion, and the both ends of the fixed net and middle part are fixed by the 4th timber and/or third drill rod
To the first Riparian Zone.
7. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that cattail plant body height
For 60-100cm, the depth of digging pit of transplanting is 5-10cm, and calamus plant body height is 50-60cm, and the depth of digging pit of transplanting is 5-
The Transplanting Density of 10cm, cattail and calamus is 10-12 clumps/m, and 5-6 bud/clump, patch formula are transplanted, the width 1.5- of each patch
2m, patch spacing are 1.8-2.1m.
8. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that the soft connection component
Further include:
At least one set of spud pile, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and the end portion insertion of at least one set of spud pile
The insertion point I of first Riparian Zone and the horizontal distance of river surface are at least 50cm；
Multiple flexible joining parts, it is corresponding with the quantity of at least one set of spud pile, and the both ends difference of the multiple flexible joining part
It is connected in the multiple fixed points of at least one set of spud pile and first framework, multiple fixed points are in first framework
Position is different two-by-two；
Floating ball is connected in first framework；And
At least one set of bar, end portion is inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and at least one set of bar is arranged in rows in first frame
Between body and at least one set of spud pile, the height of the exposed part more than river surface at least one set of bar is at least 1m；Extremely
Height of water level of few one group of bar insertion river close to the insertion point of Riparian zone II is 40-50cm.
9. plain tract zoobenthos as claimed in claim 8 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that at least one set of gear
Bar is two, and the distance between two bars≤first framework frame length；
The frame length of first framework is 2.5-4.5m；The frame of first framework is the poplar trunk of diameter 6-8cm；
The distance between two neighboring support rod is 50-60cm；
The multiple plant beam is one or more of fresh branch of poplar, fresh Ramulus ulmi pumilae or fresh willow branch, wherein any
The diameter of one end of plant beam is 6-8cm, length 40-70cm, and the distance between adjacent two plants beam on same support rod
For 20-30cm.
10. plain tract zoobenthos as described in claim 1 habitat construction method, which is characterized in that the second framework
Frame be the strip timber of diameter 6-8cm or the trunk gathered materials on the spot, and the length of the frame is 2-3m；Adjacent two
The distance between a keel are 50-60cm, and at least one keel are strip timber or the trunk gathered materials on the spot；
Plant body is Carex meyeriana and/or distension capsule sedge, and stem's height of multiple plant bodies is at least 15cm；Multiple plant bodies
The diameter of root of growing thickly be 20-30cm, the height of root of growing thickly is 20-25cm；In the range that the second framework encloses
Interior, the distribution density of the multiple plant body is 3-4 beam/m2；
Two bumping posts, end portion are inserted into the first Riparian Zone, and two bumping post is arranged in second frame along water (flow) direction
Between body and spud pile, the distance between two bumping posts are less than the frame length of the second framework, the exposed portion more than river surface
It is divided to the height of two bumping post to be at least 1m.
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