CN107751071B - Round platform type mudflat construction reef and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Round platform type mudflat construction reef and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107751071B CN107751071B CN201711165456.3A CN201711165456A CN107751071B CN 107751071 B CN107751071 B CN 107751071B CN 201711165456 A CN201711165456 A CN 201711165456A CN 107751071 B CN107751071 B CN 107751071B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a circular platform type mudflat construction reef and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fish reefs. A round platform type mudflat construction reef comprises a hollow concrete cylinder and a cross-shaped concrete pile; the cross-shaped concrete pile consists of three rod pieces which are vertically intersected at one point in space; the vertical part of a rod piece of the cross-shaped concrete pile is inserted and fixed in the mud flat, and the horizontal part of the rod piece is positioned on the upper surface of the mud flat; the hollow concrete column is erected above the cross-shaped concrete pile; and the periphery of the hollow concrete cylinder is provided with water-passing window panes. The fish reef can be conveniently arranged on the surface of a beach and can be kept for a long time; the fish reef has the characteristics of certain resistance to typhoon, wind, tide and seawater corrosion; the ecological restoration function is obvious, and the method is particularly suitable for the foundation of the sand beach of the Yangtze river mouth; the reef array has large water storage capacity and large sand drilling space, can shade the sun, and meets the requirements of inhabitation and reproduction of aquatic organisms and avoidance of sunshine and natural enemies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a circular platform type mudflat construction reef and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fish reefs.
Background
The artificial fish reef is a structure artificially arranged in the sea by definition, and aims to improve the ecological environment of sea areas, build habitats for marine life, provide places for fish and the like for propagation, growth, bait feeding and enemy avoidance and achieve the purposes of protecting, proliferating and improving the quantity of harvested fish. Generally, the artificial fish reef is put in and researched in 1935 in the earliest years in the United states, the first concrete fish reef is put in the northern bay of Guangxi province in 1979 in China and is popularized to other 8 coastal provinces, and the construction of the artificial fish reef is widely carried out at home and abroad at present, so that good economic and ecological benefits are obtained.
The main types of artificial reefs today include, depending on the construction material classification: concrete member types, steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic members, artificial waste structures, and the like. The method aims at casting structures in the forms of triangle, herringbone, sphere and the like or directly 'sunken ship as reef' in special environments such as coastal water areas with hard bottom materials, seawater corrosion, strong deep water pressure and the like. Research shows that the artificial fish reef has good effects on the aspects of gathering, proliferation and the like of fishery resources.
With the development of fish reef construction work, environment restoration faces the bottlenecks in the aspects of technical development of the bamboo-matrix fish reefs, improvement of substrate environment, enhancement of water storage capacity, assistance of aquatic animals to avoid natural enemies and the like. In order to better improve the ecological environment of the tidal flat of the water area of the Yangtze river mouth, improve the technological content of the fish reef, increase the water storage amount of the tidal flat after the ebb of tide is removed, help aquatic organisms to avoid natural enemies and strong sunshine, and improve the survival rate of various benthos, a reef body experiment needs to be carried out on the basis of continuous attempts of constructing the fishing reef for installation.
The soft degree of current bamboo stake to the sand bed bottom matter is less, and the retaining sand pit that forms only does the centre of a circle radius 30cm scope for using the bamboo stake, and does not have the sunshade ability, can be in the shrimp crab quantity of pit survival behind the aquatic organism quantity of bamboo stake drilling sand, the light beach, avoid the ability of high temperature and natural enemy all limited, consequently need design and manufacture can adapt to the long estuary mudflat environment, can become the new fish reef that benthonic aquatic organism sheltered.
Disclosure of Invention
The Yangtze river mouth has a special ecological environment, and has a strong tidal effect, the water depth can reach about 10 meters when the tide rises and the beach can be exposed when the tide falls; secondly, the bottom of the Yangtze river mouth is sand; thirdly, the organisms on the beach during each ebb and flow are threatened by high or low temperature and lack of water for several hours; fourthly, a large amount of salt and fresh water is exchanged.
The invention aims to solve the problems of small water storage, small sand drilling space and incapability of shading the sun of the bamboo battle array fishing reef aiming at the characteristics of the sandy beach of the estuary, meet the requirements of aquatic organisms on inhabitation, reproduction, sun exposure avoidance and natural enemies, and keep the usability of moso bamboo in the aspects of soft sand layers, barnacles attachment and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a round platform type mudflat construction reef comprises a hollow concrete cylinder and a cross-shaped concrete pile; the cross-shaped concrete pile consists of three rod pieces which are vertically intersected at one point in space; the vertical part of a rod piece of the cross-shaped concrete pile is inserted and fixed in the mud beach, and the horizontal part of the rod piece is positioned on the upper surface of the mud beach; the hollow concrete column is erected above the cross-shaped concrete pile; and the periphery of the hollow concrete cylinder is provided with water-passing window panes.
Furthermore, the hollow concrete column has the outer diameter of 200cm, the wall thickness of 10cm and the height of 30cm, 6 panes are uniformly arranged on the edge of the column, each pane is 25cm long and 15cm high, and 4 square openings of 12cm are uniformly arranged on the lower part of the column for snapping the cross concrete pile.
Further, the vertical pile of the cross-shaped concrete pile is 225cm long, and the two transverse piles are crossed and are 212cm long; the vertical piles and the transverse piles are square columns with the side length of 11cm; the transverse piles are arranged at the positions 40cm from the upper parts of the vertical piles.
Furthermore, the cross-shaped concrete piles are vertically embedded into the soil and are embedded to the depth of the cross-shaped concrete piles.
The construction method for the round platform type mudflat construction reef comprises the following steps:
a) A hollow concrete cylinder with the outer diameter of 200cm, the wall thickness of 10cm and the height of 30cm is constructed, 6 panes are uniformly arranged on the edge of the cylinder, and each pane is 25cm in length and 15cm in height. 4 square openings of 12cm are uniformly formed in the lower part of the cylinder and used for buckling a cross-shaped concrete pile;
b) Constructing a cross-shaped concrete pile, wherein the length of a vertical pile is 225cm, two transverse piles are crossed and are 212cm, the vertical pile and the transverse pile are square columns, the side length is 11cm, and the transverse pile is arranged at a position 40cm from the top of the vertical pile;
c) Vertically burying the cross-shaped concrete pile into soil, wherein the buried depth is 174cm;
d) And (3) erecting a hollow concrete cylinder on the cross-shaped concrete pile, buckling the opening on the cross-shaped concrete pile, and after the sand flows back and the reef body is fixed, finishing the installation of the single fish reef.
The technical scheme is characterized in that: the upper cylinder of the built circular platform type mudflat building reef is just exposed out of the ground, and the lower cross-shaped concrete pile plays a role in supporting and fixing. Due to the fixing effect of the cross-shaped concrete piles, the constructed reef cannot move on the sediment beach of the estuary or be buried. After the building reef of the circular platform type intertidal zone is flushed by water flow, a water pit with the diameter of about 390cm and the depth of about 50cm is formed at the bottom of the building reef, so that a shelter and a place of habitat after the tide is removed are provided for aquatic organisms. Large water pits are formed under the action of tide, and a large amount of water body on which aquatic organisms live can be reserved after the tide is removed. The technical scheme establishes the method for constructing the artificial fishing bank which is suitable for the special environmental conditions of the estuary and takes concrete as the main material, solves the problem that the traditional artificial fishing bank of the types such as concrete members, steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic members, artificial abandoned structures, sunken ships and the like is not suitable for being used at the estuary, is beneficial to the exploration of the ecological restoration technology of the water area of the intertidal zone of the estuary and fills the technical blank on the aspect. Through tests, the species and the number of the species in the range of the building reef of the circular platform type mudflat are obviously increased, and a good ecological restoration effect is achieved.
Further, the length of the vertical pile is 225cm, and the length of the two transverse piles is 212cm; the vertical piles and the transverse piles are square columns with side length of 11cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The fishing reef material is easy to develop and produce;
2) The fish reef can be conveniently arranged on the surface of the beach and can be kept for a long time;
3) The fish reef has the characteristics of certain platform resistance, wind resistance, tide resistance and seawater corrosion resistance;
4) The ecological restoration effect is obvious, and the method is particularly suitable for the foundation of the sand tidal flat at the Yangtze river mouth;
5) The reef array has large water storage capacity and large sand drilling space, can shade the sun, and meets the requirements of inhabitation and multiplication of aquatic organisms and avoidance of sunshine and natural enemies;
6) The method is suitable for the special ecological environment of the Yangtze river mouth: the Yangtze river mouth has a special ecological environment, and has a strong tidal effect, the water depth can reach about 10 meters when the tide rises and the beach can be exposed when the tide falls; secondly, the bottom of the Yangtze river mouth is sand; thirdly, the organisms on the beach during each ebb and flow are threatened by high or low temperature and lack of water for several hours; fourthly, a large amount of salt and fresh water is exchanged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow concrete cylinder showing the outer diameter of the hollow concrete cylinder and the location and size of the cutouts and panes.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at 1-1 of figure 1 showing the outside diameter, height, and location and size of the cutouts and panes in the hollow concrete cylinder.
Fig. 3 is a schematic elevation of a cross-shaped concrete pile showing the length and thickness of horizontal and vertical piles.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of direction a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of fig. 3 taken along line 1-1.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view 2-2 of fig. 3.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single reef body of a round platform type mudflat construction reef, the length below the sand surface and the height above the sand.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention is formed on the basis of a series of monitoring and experimental work carried out on the site of the estuary tidal flat, selects concrete as a basic material, and forms environmental characteristics suitable for estuary tides, salt-fresh water intersections, sandy mudflats and the like through construction and installation, has certain typhoon resistance, wind resistance, tide resistance and seawater corrosion resistance, has large water storage and large sand drilling space, can shade sun, meets the requirements of aquatic organisms on inhabitation, reproduction and sun exposure and natural enemies, and can provide the artificial fishing reef which can exist for a long time.
The building principle of the circular platform type mudflat comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1-4, the material of the circular platform type intertidal zone building reef is concrete, the single fishing reef is divided into two parts, the upper part is a hollow concrete cylinder, and the lower part is a cross-shaped concrete pile. The hollow concrete column is buckled on the cross concrete pile to form a circular truncated cone-shaped whole. The cross-shaped concrete pile is vertically embedded into soil, and the embedding depth is about 174cm (to the transverse pile). Experiments show that 174cm below the sand can effectively keep the stability of the fishing reef and ensure that the part above the sand does not change. After the fishing reef is built, the fishing reef can be formed at the junction of the fishing reef and the sand surface and is used as the center, a water pit with the diameter of about 390cm and the depth of about 50cm is formed at the bottom of the fishing reef, a soft sand layer with the deepest depth of 50cm is convenient for the drilling of sand for a plurality of fishes and shrimps, the formed water pit can help various aquatic organisms to avoid high temperature after low-tide exposure on the beach, and a large amount of barnacles, algae and other epiphytes can be attached to the part of 30cm reserved on the sand, so that the enrichment and protection effects on the local small aquatic organisms are achieved.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the processing method of the reef body comprises the following steps:
the hollow concrete cylinder has the outer diameter of 200cm, the wall thickness of 10cm and the height of 30cm, 6 window panes are uniformly arranged on the circular edge, and each window pane is 25cm long and 15cm high. The lower part of the cylinder is evenly provided with 4 square notches of 12cm for buckling a cross-shaped concrete pile. The length of the vertical piles of the crossed concrete piles is 225cm, and the length of the two cross piles is 212cm. The vertical piles and the transverse piles are square columns with side length of 11cm. The transverse piles are arranged at the positions 40cm away from the vertical piles.
Referring to fig. 7, reef installation:
the cross-shaped concrete pile is vertically embedded into soil, and the embedding depth is about 174cm (to the transverse pile). And then, erecting a hollow concrete cylinder on the cross-shaped concrete pile, buckling the opening on the cross-shaped concrete pile, and after the sand flows back and the reef body is fixed, finishing the installation of the single fish reef.
According to the method, an applicant develops an internal test for completing the construction of the artificial fish reef, and the field monitoring and the experiment prove that a biological gathering area of crustaceans, bivalves and small fishes and shrimps is formed under the reef, and a large amount of barnacles and algae are attached to the reef constructed at the initial stage of the test, so that the effect is good.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the general concept of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a platform type mud flat founds reef which characterized in that:
comprises a hollow concrete cylinder and a cross-shaped concrete pile;
the cross-shaped concrete pile consists of three rod pieces which are vertically intersected at one point in space;
the vertical part of a rod piece of the cross-shaped concrete pile is fixedly inserted into the mud beach, and the horizontal part of the rod piece is positioned on the upper surface of the mud beach;
the hollow concrete column is erected above the cross-shaped concrete pile;
the periphery of the hollow concrete cylinder is provided with a water-passing window pane;
the lower part of the cylinder is uniformly provided with 4 square openings of 12cm for fastening a cross concrete pile;
the cross-shaped concrete pile is vertically embedded into soil, and the depth of the cross-shaped concrete pile is embedded into the transverse pile;
the hollow concrete cylinder has the outer diameter of 200cm, the wall thickness of 10cm and the height of 30cm, 6 panes are uniformly arranged on the edge of the cylinder, and each pane is 25cm long and 15cm high;
the vertical pile of the cross-shaped concrete pile is 225cm long, and the two transverse piles are crossed and are 212cm long; the vertical piles and the transverse piles are square columns with the side length of 11cm; the transverse piles are arranged at the positions 40cm from the upper parts of the vertical piles.
2. The construction method for the building of the circular platform type intertidal zone construction reef, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a) Constructing a hollow concrete cylinder with the outer diameter of 200cm, the wall thickness of 10cm and the height of 30cm, uniformly opening 6 panes on the edge of the cylinder, wherein each pane is 25cm long and 15cm high; the lower part of the cylinder is uniformly provided with 4 square openings of 12cm for buckling a cross concrete pile;
b) Constructing a cross-shaped concrete pile, wherein the length of a vertical pile is 225cm, two transverse piles are crossed and are 212cm, the vertical pile and the transverse pile are square columns, the side length is 11cm, and the transverse pile is arranged at a position 40cm from the top of the vertical pile;
c) Vertically embedding the cross-shaped concrete pile into soil, wherein the embedding depth is 174cm;
d) And (3) erecting a hollow concrete cylinder on the cross-shaped concrete pile, lapping the notch on the cross-shaped concrete pile, and finishing the installation of the reef after the sand flows back and the reef is fixed.
3. The construction method for the circular platform type intertidal zone construction reef according to claim 2, characterized in that: the length of the vertical pile is 225cm, and the two transverse piles are crossed and have the length of 212cm; the vertical piles and the transverse piles are square columns with side length of 11cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711165456.3A CN107751071B (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Round platform type mudflat construction reef and construction method thereof |
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| CN201711165456.3A CN107751071B (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Round platform type mudflat construction reef and construction method thereof |
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| CN107751071A CN107751071A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
| CN107751071B true CN107751071B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108308079B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2023-10-20 | 上海市水生野生动植物保护研究中心 | Four-hole circular truncated cone type beach combined construction reef and construction method thereof |
| CN113711964A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-30 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological type bedding tree reef device for photosea and arrangement method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201640196U (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-11-24 | 上海海洋大学 | Combined type step-shaped artificial fish reef |
| JP2014212704A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-11-17 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Anchor, coral growing method and coral protection method |
| CN204335558U (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-20 | 赵钊 | A kind of artificial fish shelter base |
| CN204443664U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of Easy manual's fish shelter |
| CN206612024U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-11-07 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of new concrete artificial marine habitat |
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- 2017-11-21 CN CN201711165456.3A patent/CN107751071B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201640196U (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-11-24 | 上海海洋大学 | Combined type step-shaped artificial fish reef |
| JP2014212704A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-11-17 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Anchor, coral growing method and coral protection method |
| CN204335558U (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-20 | 赵钊 | A kind of artificial fish shelter base |
| CN204443664U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of Easy manual's fish shelter |
| CN206612024U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-11-07 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of new concrete artificial marine habitat |
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Effective date of registration: 20200331 Address after: 200092, building 3, building 63, No. 6, Chifeng Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Applicant after: Shanghai aquatic wildlife protection research center Address before: 200092, building 3, building 63, No. 6, Chifeng Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Applicant before: SHANGHAI CITY YANGTZE ESTUARY CHINESE STURGEON NATURAL PROTECTION AREA MANAGEMENT OFFICE |
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