CN103141283B - The suspension implantation methods of a kind of water plant - Google Patents
The suspension implantation methods of a kind of water plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The suspension implantation methods that the present invention relates to a kind of water plant, comprises the following steps: (1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made; (2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level; (3) planting aquatic plants; (4) regulate the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plant height of water level. The inventive method is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost; The initial water level of planting unit can be rationally controlled, different water plants can be planted; In planting process, the height of water level of adjustable planting unit, reaches its normal required growth water level of particular growth stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resource-environment projects technical field, relate to the suspension implantation methods of a kind of water plant.
Background technology
Along with the development in city and the demand to productive life, the construction in city river, lake is not only wantedEffect of performance hydraulic engineering, and to meet many-sided requirement such as garden landscape, ecological, environmental protective.Under this background, water plant with its cauline leaf the strong absorption to nutrient rich in water and harmful substance andThe sights of the water surface etc., are widely used in city river, lake and water feature design.
Government and relevant departments have also spent great strength to do a lot of work to the restoration of the ecosystem of water body in recent years, butTo produce little effect. Trace it to its cause, mainly contain following some: (1), in the regulation in river course, has dug deeply riverBed, stone dam has been built by laying on riverbank, and the depth of water is far longer than the growing environment requirement of some water plant, for example floating leafPlant water lily, emergent aquactic plant lotus, reed etc.; (2) water quality condition of water body neither be very good. WaterTransparency and the depth of water of body are disproportionate, and such as hornwort, watermifoil, black algae etc. can not to make submerged plantSurvive; (3) water system situation makes some pool, river at present, in draining flood discharge well in flood season,Make in rainy season, water level higher than the draft limit of some water plant, causes death for a long time.
Current water plant planting adopts one to carry out planting aquatic plants on water surface construction chinampa conventionally, but shouldMethod can only be planted floating plant conventionally, and can not plant emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and submerged plant.
A kind of implantation methods of aquatic floating plant is disclosed in Chinese patent description CN1800054A, shouldMethod is that aquatic floating plant is planted in a kind of water plant limiting growth device, and it is directly placed in and is locatedIn the water body of reason, treat that the 60%-80% that rate of vegetation reaches limiting growth device gathers in the crops. In the method, aquaticThe cursory of fluitante limiting growth device can only provide buoyancy, it swum on the water surface, and can not rationally controlWater level processed, can not meet different water plants or the requirement of water plant different growing stage to water level.
In invention disclosed patent application on November 15 CN1860853A in 2006, disclose oneMethod for planting floating-leaf type plants in lake, by a kind of can be with water level fluctuation the easy device of free lifting,The combination of plantation vegetation. In the method, free lifting device is made up of spud pile, bamboo cane ring, static line, needsIn plantation water body, fix spud pile, operation easier is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of energy reasonable water level control, and easy and simple to handle,Be applicable to the suspension implantation methods of the water plant of different water plants and water plant different growing stage.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, aquatic plant suspension implantation methods provided by the invention comprises following stepRapid:
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it,Described buoyant device is made up of main buoy, auxiliary float, is connected with the connector of adjustable in length under main buoy,Main buoy is provided with scale;
(2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket is placed in to plantation waters,Put into culture medium in its bottom, regulate culture medium weight and buoyant device, make aquatic plant levitating planting deviceInitial water level reach the water plant planting depth of water;
(3) planting aquatic plants: in step (2), according to planted water plant characteristic, addCulture medium, to certain thickness, inserts plant or rhizome in culture medium, then according to aquatic plants growth needsContinue add or do not add culture medium, ensure the planting depth that its rhizome is required;
(4) keep the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plant height of water level: according to masterFloating drum SEA LEVEL VARIATION of living in, regulates a kind of of culture medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combinations to regulate, and makesPlanting unit returns to original water level; Regulate the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plantHeight of water level: according to aquatic plants growth situation and buoyant device water level of living in, regulate the length of connector,Make aquatic plant levitating planting device water level meet the each growth phase of water plant required.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, Plant basket is an open-top receptacle, and upper and lower side is equipped with buttonRing, its side and bottom surface are all wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than 0.25cm2, outside ensureing that culture medium is notLeak.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (1), according to planted water plant kindClass is made Plant basket: plant aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant, and because of the sturdy prosperity of its subterranean stem, andFast growth, Plant basket is made into uncovered cylinder or Elliptic Cylinder shape, is beneficial to its subterranean stemAlong the coiling of frame wall, be conducive to the growth of plant; Plant aquatic submerged plant, because it does not have sturdy undergroundStem, Plant basket is made into uncovered cuboid or square shape, to Plant basket is combined closely.
The height of Plant basket with water plant need culture medium thickness decide: plant aquatic floatingleaved plant andThe height of aquatic emergent aquactic plant is 30-50cm, and the height of planting planting submerged plant is 10-15cm. Plant basketSize, too. Too greatly fill after mud too heavyly, be inconvenient to move the too little plant growth that is unfavorable forAnd integration trouble. The aquatic floatingleaved plant of general plantation and aquatic emergent aquactic plant, select radius or major radius to beThe circle of 30-50cm, oval Plant basket are 0.2-0.3m and plant planting submerged plant employing floor space2SideShape or rectangular Plant basket.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, buoyant device is made up of main buoy, auxiliary float, main buoyBelow is connected with the connector of adjustable in length by connecting ring, connector is by the clasp on Plant basket and kindPlant basket and be connected, auxiliary float is connected with Plant basket by the snap close on it.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (2), its culture medium is mud or clay.Regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level process to be: to regulate buoyant device according to the weight of culture mediumIn main buoy and auxiliary float number make aquatic plant levitating planting device install after culture medium and can in water, reachTo buoyant weight balance, and plant by regulating the length of connector to make the initial water level of suspension planting device reach aquaticSpecies are planted the depth of water, meet the requirement of its normal growth to water level. Wherein, the plantation depth of water of aquatic floatingleaved plantFor 30-90cm, cross the dark or excessively shallow depth of water, all can not normal growth, cause surviving. Aquatic very waterThe plantation depth of water of plant is 20-40cm, and excessively dark water level can cause to bloom and reduces or do not bloom, even deadDie. The plantation depth of water of aquatic submerged plant is the degree of depth in whole plant immersion water, in case the high temperature sun in summerThe light plant of burning, and will be to meet the photosynthesis of plant within the scope of the transparency of water body.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (3), aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic very waterThe degree of depth of the rhizome of plant in culture medium is 5-15cm, dark in culture medium of the coring of aquatic submerged plantDegree 3-8cm.
Some water plant rhizomes have buoyancy, and when along with plant strain growth, its subterranean stem is also in growth very soon,At this moment, it can additionally produce buoyancy, breaks original balance, makes Plant basket floating, even can not be in waterThe state of being kept upright, at this moment just need to regulate the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plantBuoyant weight ratio. In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (4), regulates water plant respectively to growStage aquatic plant levitating planting device buoyant weight than process is: regulate one of culture medium weight, auxiliary float numberPlant or two kinds of combination adjustings, make suspension planting device return to the depth of water of original setting. Come for submerged plantSay along with surfacing in the growth plant of plant its top of can growing tall, at this moment just need to adjust long planting unitConnector length comes back to below the water surface whole plant.
According to above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, aquatic plant levitating planting device can be connected or groupClose the plantation of formation scale. Plant basket gap between aquatic plant levitating planting device connection or combination is:Aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant Plant basket be spaced apart 30-100cm, the plantation of aquatic submerged plantBasket is without interval.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1. method is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost;
2. the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device can be rationally controlled, different water plants can be planted;
3. in planting process, the height of water level of adjustable aquatic plant suspension planting device, reaches specific lifeThe required water level of long its normal growth of stage, better grows water plant.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of aquatic plant levitating planting device of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Test background introduction: test site is the small-sized pond that the one fringe area agriculture of Gongshu District, Hangzhou occupies pointThe pool, this pond is that agriculture occupies the small-sized pond in point, earlier year is through regulation, i.e. desilting, refute bank,Area is about 3,000 square meter left and right, communicates with other water systems without delivery port, and agriculture occupies rainwater and the sanitary sewage of pointConverge wherein, flood season and drought period SEA LEVEL VARIATION drop large, in the time of persistent heavy rainfall 100mm, on the water level of pondRising reaches 80cm, and the usual central depth of water reaches 3.5m left and right, bank 2m left and right. Stone dam exceeds the water surface usually1.2m left and right, water quality is not good, greening, transparency is less than 5cm. Because pool surrounding enviroment are at earlier year also warpCross and be transformed into a vest-pocket park. Local villager thinks that the concrete condition in pond and surrounding enviroment are not suitable mutually for this reasonShould, require to improve, therefore consider some water plants of pond water surface planting.
Embodiment 1
The suspension implantation methods of aquatic floatingleaved plant water lily
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
Plant basket Production Time be in by the end of February, 2011. Plant basket 1 is that uncovered cylinder plastics holdDevice, upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, and its bottom surface diameter is 60cm, and height is 40cm, and its side and bottom surface are allBe wire-grid structure, width of mesh is less than 0.25cm2; Buoyant device is made up of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, mainFloating drum 3, for the cylinder that volume is 1.25L, which is provided with scale, and below is connected with length by connecting ring 5Spend adjustable connector 6, connector is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, auxiliary float 4Also be that volume is the cylinder of 1.25L, be connected with Plant basket 1 side by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in to plantation watersIn, put into culture medium in its bottom, regulate culture medium weight and buoyant device and connector length, make aquaticThe initial water level of plant suspension planting device reaches the plantation depth of water of water lily;
Culture medium described in said method is mud. Because plantation water lily will ensure that root growth is at 10-15cmIn the mud of the degree of depth, through calculating, the mud of putting into about thickness and be 30cm in Plant basket need to have 25kgThe buoyant support of left and right just can reach balance. Therefore Plant basket 1 is placed in behind plantation waters, at Plant basket1 side is erect and is arranged 20 auxiliary floats 4, and it is floating that upper end connects 4 masters by connector 6 in symmetric positionCylinder 3, makes it to keep balance on the water surface; Because the suitable growth depth of water of water lily is 30-90cm, connectorInitial length is made as 50cm.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of water lily, ensure that its rhizome is required water lilyPlanting depth growth;
For making water lily rhizome reach requirement and the convenient plantation of its planting depth, add mud in step (2)Process in, when silt depth is during at 10cm-15cm, in Plant basket 1, put into water lily kind stem, then existContinue to put into mud above and make device frame 1 continue to sink, in the time of the half submerged of main buoy 3, stopAdd mud.
Again by multiple Plant basket group combinations of making, the plantation of formation scale. With the PVC plastics of diameter 5cmPipe is by Plant basket 1 by interval 1m, and 3 * 3, arrange the side of totally 9 Plant baskets, and each side row leads with ropeDraw is on the trunk with bank. This process end time be in by the end of March, 2011.
Appear on the water surface through the existing leaf of two weeks water lily, by by the end of April, 2011, water lily is leftFirst flower, the side row who plants in by the end of May, 2011 water lily by, is wholely covered by lily pad, on average everySquare metre there are 4-5 flower, well-grown. Pass through during this time arid and flood season, fluctuation in stage is obvious, maximum risingFall to exceeding 60cm, the water lily of plantation is not subject to a bit impact, and growth is normal. Plant basket was all the time in originallyThe water level depth of setting, in November, 2011, leaf starts to dry up, and all the other are normal, and the transparency of water is brightAobvious increasing, reaches 25cm, and in mid-March, 2012, the existing small part leaf of water lily surfaces. ProcessOne growth period water lily subterranean stem grow up to some extent and increased buoyancy, the residing height of water level of main buoy 3 is than formerThe scale coming declines to some extent, by increasing mud weight, makes it return to origin-location.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods of aquatic emergent aquactic plant lotus
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
The implantation time of lotus is identical with the implantation time of water lily. Plant basket Production Time is in February, 2011The end. Plant basket 1 is uncovered cylinder plastic containers, and upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, and its bottom surface is straightFootpath is 60cm, and height is 40cm, and its side and bottom surface are all wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than0.25cm2; Buoyant device is made up of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, the circle that main buoy 3 is 1.25L for volumeCylinder, which is provided with scale, and below is connected with the connector 6 of adjustable in length by connecting ring 5, connectsDevice is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, and auxiliary float 4 is also that volume is the cylinder of 1.25LBody, is connected with Plant basket 1 side by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in to plantation watersIn, put into culture medium in its bottom, regulate culture medium weight, buoyant device and connector length, make aquaticThe initial water level of plant suspension planting device reaches the plantation depth of water of lotus;
Culture medium described in said method is mud. Because plantation lotus will ensure that root growth is at 20-30cmIn the mud of the degree of depth, through calculating, the mud of putting into about thickness and be 30cm in Plant basket need to have 25kgThe buoyant support of left and right just can reach balance. Therefore Plant basket 1 is placed in behind plantation waters, at Plant basket1 side is erect and is arranged 20 auxiliary floats 4, and it is floating that upper end connects 4 masters by connector 6 in symmetric positionCylinder 3, makes it to keep balance in water; Because the suitable growth depth of water of lotus is 20-40cm, at the beginning of connectorBeginning length is made as 5cm.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of lotus, ensure that its rhizome is required at lotusPlanting depth growth;
For making lotus rhizome reach requirement and the convenient plantation of its planting depth, add mud in step (2)Process in, when silt depth is during at 10cm-15cm, in Plant basket 1, put into lotus kind lotus root, then existContinue to put into mud above and make device frame 1 continue to sink, in the time of the half submerged of main buoy 3, stopAdd mud.
Again by multiple Plant basket group combinations of making, the plantation of formation scale. With the PVC plastics of diameter 5cmPipe is by Plant basket 1 by interval 30cm, and 5 * 5, arrange the side of totally 25 Plant baskets, and each side row uses ropeOn the trunk on sub-tractive system and bank. This process end time be in by the end of March, 2011.
To by the end of June, lotus starts to bloom, and vertical leaf is in great numbers, and the lotus of growing way and West Lake plantation is similar (allFor same kind " the red lotus of Jiande "). Pass through during this time arid and flood season, fluctuation in stage is obvious, and maximum is risen and fallen superCross 60cm, the lotus of plantation is not subject to a bit impact, and growth is normal. Plant basket is all the time in original settingWater level depth.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods of aquatic submerged plant hornwort
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
Plant basket Production Time is in March, 2012. Plant basket 1 is uncovered cuboid plastic containers,Upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, its long 50cm, and wide 40cm, high 8cm, its side and bottom surface are all aperture plateStructure, width of mesh is less than 0.25cm2; Buoyant device is made up of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, main buoy 3For the cylinder that volume is 1.25L, which is provided with scale, it is adjustable that below is connected with length by connecting ring 5The connector 6 of joint, connector is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, and auxiliary float 4 is long50cm, wide 40cm, the cystosepiment that 3cm is thick, is connected with Plant basket 1 bottom surface by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in to plantation watersIn, put into culture medium in its bottom, regulate the length of culture medium weight, buoyant device and connector, make waterThe initial water level of raw plant suspension planting device reaches the plantation depth of water of hornwort;
Culture medium described in said method is clay. Because plantation hornwort will ensure that root growth is at 5-10cmIn the mud of the degree of depth, through calculating, the clay of putting into about thickness and be 6cm in Plant basket need to have a 5kg left sideRight buoyant support just can reach balance. Therefore Plant basket 1 is placed in behind plantation waters, at Plant basket 1Upper end connects 4 main buoies 3 at four angles place by connector 6, and make it to keep in water flatWeighing apparatus; Because the suitable growth depth of water of hornwort is the degree of depth making in whole plant immersion water, at the beginning of connector length5cm begins to be made as.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of hornwort, ensure that its coring is hornwortRequired planting depth growth;
For making hornwort coring reach its planting depth, add in the process of clay in step (2), work as masterWhen floating drum 3 has half submerged, stop adding clay, by the interval plantation hornwort of 10cm*10cm, willThe root of hornwort inserts the clay 3cm degree of depth.
Again by multiple Plant basket group combinations of making, the plantation of formation scale. Plant basket 1 is bundled into 1 meter * 2 metersRectangle, and on trunk with rope tractive system and bank. This process end time is in March, 2012The end.
(4) regulate the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of hornwort height of water level: according to goldfishAlgae growing state and buoyant device water level of living in, the length of adjusting connector, makes aquatic plant suspension plantation dressPutting water level, to meet the each growth phase of hornwort required.
Spent 30 days, by by the end of April, 2012, the density of hornwort increases greatly, substantially can't see the endThe clay of portion. Spent again 50 days, hornwort greatly density has again increase, and has started to topple over to sideLimit, the water surface has been arrived at top. At this moment, the connector 6 lengthening between main buoy 3 and Plant basket 1, makes it longDegree is increased to 15cm by original 5cm, so hornwort recovers again the erectility in water, and topThere is the distance about 5cm with the water surface, afterwards again through 2 increase connector length. Also repeatedly pass through during this timeThe variation of rising and falling of water level, hornwort growth is normal. To in December, 2012, connector length is 35cm,Hornwort plant height is at 40cm left and right, well-grown.
Claims (8)
1. a suspension implantation methods for water plant, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set, institute on itState buoyant device and formed by main buoy, auxiliary float, under main buoy, be connected with the connector of adjustable in length, mainFloating drum is provided with scale;
(2) regulate aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket is placed in to plantation waters,Culture medium is put in its bottom, regulate culture medium weight and buoyant device, makes aquatic plant levitating planting deviceInitial water level reaches the water plant planting depth of water;
(3) planting aquatic plants: in step (2), according to planted water plant characteristic, addCulture medium, to certain thickness, inserts plant or rhizome in culture medium, then according to aquatic plants growth needsContinue add or do not add culture medium, ensure the planting depth that its rhizome is required;
(4) keep the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plant height of water level: according to main floatingCylinder SEA LEVEL VARIATION of living in, regulates a kind of of culture medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combinations to regulate, and makes to plantPlanting apparatus returns to original water level; Regulate the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plant waterPosition height: need required water level corresponding to buoyant device according to aquatic plants growth situation, regulate connectorLength, make aquatic plant levitating planting device water level meet the each growth phase of water plant required.
2. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (2)In, its culture medium is mud or clay.
3. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (2)In, the water plant planting depth of water is: aquatic floatingleaved plant 30-90cm, aquatic emergent aquactic plant 20-40cm, waterIn the whole plant immersion water of raw submerged plant.
4. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (3)In, the degree of depth of the rhizome of aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant in culture medium is 10-30cm, aquatic heavyThe degree of depth 5-10cm of the coring of water plant in culture medium.
5. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: regulate aquatic plantingThe method of the each growth phase aquatic plant levitating planting device of thing water level process is: regulate culture medium weight, pairThe one or more combination of floating drum number, connector length regulates, make the water level of suspension planting device increase orDecline, meet the rhizome water level needs of the each growth phase of water plant; Keep the side of suspension planting device water levelMethod is to regulate a kind of of culture medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combinations to regulate.
6. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1)In, make Plant basket according to planted water plant kind: the aquatic floatingleaved plant of plantation subterranean stem prosperityWith aquatic emergent aquactic plant, Plant basket is made into uncovered cylinder or Elliptic Cylinder shape; Plantation subterranean stemUnderdeveloped aquatic submerged plant, Plant basket is made into uncovered cuboid or square shape.
7. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by water plantSuspension planting device connects or combination, the plantation of formation scale.
8. the suspension implantation methods of water plant according to claim 7, is characterized in that: water plant is outstandingPlant basket gap between floating planting unit connection or combination is: aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant kindThe 30-100cm that is spaced apart that plants basket, the Plant basket of aquatic submerged plant is without interval.
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN103936169B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北师范学院 | Submerged plant planting device |
| CN105800792B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-08-31 | 惠州市环境科学研究所 | Water remediation method |
| CN108370867A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-08-07 | 张家港市永联水产科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high water table pond water plant |
| CN106576818A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 梁华 | Lotus root planting method |
| CN107801668A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-16 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | A kind of blue crab cultivation cage that can adjust depth |
| CN115140843A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-10-04 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Agricultural microbial filter bed containing clutch column |
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