CN108166439B - River microbial habitat improving system and method - Google Patents
River microbial habitat improving system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108166439B CN108166439B CN201711444697.1A CN201711444697A CN108166439B CN 108166439 B CN108166439 B CN 108166439B CN 201711444697 A CN201711444697 A CN 201711444697A CN 108166439 B CN108166439 B CN 108166439B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a river micro-habitat improving system and a method, which can effectively solve the problem of single river habitat and adopts the technical scheme that an aquatic plant improving system is composed of an aquatic plant planting area on which aquatic plants are planted, the aquatic plant planting area is arranged on a static water area between all spur dikes of a spur dike group and slopes of all spur dikes, the water flow improving system comprises a shoal, a gravel group and deep grooves, the shoal is arranged in a static water area between all spur dikes of the spur dike group, the aquatic plant planting area is arranged on the shoal of the static water area, the deep grooves extending into and penetrating out from all spur dikes of the spur dike group are arranged on the shoal in a winding manner, the invention enables the static water area to move as well, improves water circulation, improves water fluidity, improves dissolved oxygen, releases oxygen and enables water to circulate to improve oxygen content of water areas between the spur dikes, therefore, the water quality is improved, and the system and the method for improving the river micro-habitat are innovative.
Description
One, the technical field
The invention relates to the field of river environment, in particular to a system and a method for improving river microbial environment.
Second, background Art
Spur dams (spur), also known as "spur dams", are riverway remediation buildings that extend into the riverway orthogonally or diagonally to the river bank. The end of the dam is connected with the bank in a T shape. The spur dike can be divided into a submerged dam or a non-submerged dam, and the submerged dam top can be used for water passing and the non-submerged dam top cannot be used for water passing during design. The dam body is water-permeable called a water-permeable spur dike, and the water-permeable is called a water-impermeable spur dike. The impervious spur dike has strong water flow control function and is formed by laying stone, soil and concrete prefabricated parts or sinking rows. The permeable spur dike can pick one part of water flow away from the river bank to play a role of controlling and guiding the water flow, and the other part of water flow flows to the dam field through the spur dike to slow down the flow speed, so that the sediment is deposited, and the slow flow silt falling effect is better.
The water area between the two spur dikes of the spur dike group arranged on the river bank basically belongs to a static water area, so the water oxygen content of the area is extremely low, the water oxygen content is an essential living environment for some aquatic organisms, the aquatic organisms cannot well live due to the low oxygen content, the water quality of the area is increasingly poor, and the existing river habitat is relatively single. Therefore, the improvement of river habitat is a problem which needs to be solved at present.
Third, the invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a system and a method for improving a river habitat, which can effectively solve the problem of single river habitat.
The technical scheme includes that the system comprises an aquatic plant improving system and a water flow improving system, wherein the aquatic plant improving system is composed of an aquatic plant planting area on which aquatic plants are planted, the planted aquatic plants release oxygen through photosynthesis and enable water to circulate to improve the dissolved oxygen content of water areas among spur dikes, the aquatic plant planting area is arranged on a static water area among the spur dikes of the spur dikes and slopes of the spur dikes, the planting area is enlarged, the dissolved oxygen amount of water in the surrounding water area is improved, the water quality is improved, the problem of singularity of a river micro-habitat is solved, the water flow improving system comprises a shoal, a gravel group and a deep groove, the shoal is arranged in a still water area among the spur dikes of the spur dikes, the aquatic plant planting area is arranged on the shoal of the static water area, the deep groove which meanders extend into and penetrate out of the spur dikes, the deep groove is convenient for rivers and flows, improves the mobility of water, is equipped with first gravel crowd on the shoal, and first gravel crowd is surrounded by the deep groove between each spur dike of spur dike crowd, and first gravel crowd can improve purification of water quality.
The river microbial habitat improving method utilizes a river microbial habitat improving system and then comprises the following steps:
1) the shoals under the spur dike groups are obliquely arranged along the water flow direction to ensure that water can normally flow, deep grooves are formed in the shoals to extend to the still water areas among the spur dike groups and then penetrate out, so that the flowing water can flow through the still water areas in the middle of the spur dike groups, the water circulation is improved, the still water areas are moved, and the dissolved oxygen amount is improved;
2) arranging a first gravel group on a shoal of a deep groove surrounding area between each two groves of the groves, and arranging a second gravel group on a slope of a single grove;
3) aquatic plants are planted on the first gravel group and the second gravel group in the aquatic plant planting area, and the planted aquatic plants release oxygen through photosynthesis and enable water to circulate to improve the dissolved oxygen amount of the water area between the spur dike groups.
The invention enables the still water area to move, improves water circulation, improves water fluidity and dissolved oxygen, releases oxygen through photosynthesis of the planted aquatic plants and enables the water circulation to improve the oxygen content of the water area between the spur dike groups, thereby improving water quality, effectively solving the problem of river microbial habitat unicity, and being an innovation on the river microbial habitat improving system and method.
Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 spur dike group, 2 shoal, 3 aquatic plant growing area, 4a first gravel group, 4b second gravel group and 5 deep groove.
Fifth, detailed description of the invention
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the present invention comprises an aquatic plant improvement system and a water flow improvement system, the aquatic plant improvement system is composed of an aquatic plant growing area 3 on which aquatic plants are grown, the grown aquatic plants are photosynthetically released oxygen and circulated to increase dissolved oxygen content in water areas between spur dikes, the aquatic plant growing area 3 is provided on a stagnant water area between the spur dikes of the spur dike group 1 and slopes of the spur dikes, the growing area is enlarged, the dissolved oxygen content of water in the surrounding water area is increased, water quality is improved, the problem of singularity of river micro-habitat is solved, the water flow improvement system comprises a shoal 2, a gravel group and deep troughs 5, the shoal 2 is provided in a stagnant water area between the spur dikes of the spur dike group 1, the aquatic plant growing area 3 is provided on the shoal 2 of the stagnant water area, the shoal 2 is provided with the deep troughs 5 extending into and out from between the spur dikes of the spur dikes group 1, the deep grooves 5 facilitate the flow of water flow and improve the water mobility, the shoal 2 is provided with a first gravel group 4a, the first gravel group 4a is surrounded by the deep grooves 5 between the spur dams of the spur dam group 1, and the first gravel group 4a can improve the purified water quality.
In order to ensure the using effect, the single spur dike of the spur dike group 1 is arranged into a trapezoidal structure, a slope of the single spur dike is provided with a second gravel group 4b, and the second gravel group 4b can improve the water quality.
The height of the top of the shoal 2 is gradually reduced along the water flow direction, so that the water flow on the shoal 2 can flow along the water flow direction of the river, the water fluidity of the static water area of the spur dike group 1 is improved, the dissolved oxygen amount of water can be increased, the water quality is improved, and the problem of the singularity of the river micro-habitat is solved.
The openings of the deep grooves 5 between the spur dams of the spur dam group are opened outwards and face the water flow direction.
The first gravel group 4a and the second gravel group 4b are both arranged in the aquatic plant planting area 3.
The river microbial habitat improving method utilizes a river microbial habitat improving system and then comprises the following steps:
1) the shoal 2 below the spur dike group 1 is obliquely arranged along the water flow direction to ensure that water can normally flow, a deep groove 5 is formed in the shoal 2 and extends towards a still water area between all the spur dikes of the spur dike group 1 and then penetrates out, so that the flowing water can flow through the still water area in the middle of the spur dike group 1, the water circulation is improved, the still water area is also moved, and the dissolved oxygen amount is improved;
2) a first gravel group 4a is arranged on a shoal 2 of a region surrounded by a deep groove 5 between the groves of the groves 1, and a second gravel group 4b is arranged on a slope of a single grove;
3) aquatic plants are planted on the first gravel group 4a and the second gravel group 4b in the aquatic plant planting area 3, and the planted aquatic plants release oxygen through photosynthesis and circulate water to increase the dissolved oxygen amount in the water area between the dike groups.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
The using condition of the invention is that the shoal 2 is obliquely arranged along the water flow direction, the deep groove 5 is arranged on the shoal 2 and penetrates through the spur dike group 1, so that flowing water can flow through a still water area in the middle of the spur dike group 1, the still water area moves, the water circulation is improved, the water fluidity is improved, the dissolved oxygen amount is improved, gravel groups are arranged on slopes of the shoal 2 and the spur dike group 1, aquatic plants are planted between the spur dike groups 1 and on the gravel group 4b of the slopes of the spur dike group 1, the planted aquatic plants release oxygen through photosynthesis and enable the water circulation to improve the oxygen content of a water area between the spur dike groups, so that the water quality is improved, the problem of singularity of river micro habitat can be effectively solved, and the oxygen content of the invention is obtained by practical application, and the following practical application and specific test are as follows: the implementation object is a river course of a certain city, monitoring points are arranged on the river reach of an unfolded spur dike group, an aquatic plant planting area, a gravel group, a deep groove and a shoal construction area, and the flow speed, the water depth, the dissolved oxygen amount, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are respectively monitored. Before the implementation of the river microbial habitat system, the width of the water surface of a river channel is 20m, the flow rate of the water body is 0.1-0.2m/s, the water depth is 80cm, the dissolved oxygen amount of the water body of the river channel is 5.6mg/L, the COD concentration is 37.5mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.65mg/L, and the total phosphorus concentration is 0.45 mg/L. After the microbial habitat improving system is adopted, the flow speed before the spur dike is increased to 0.158m/s, the flow speed at the dam head is increased to 0.258m/s, the flow speed in a backflow area behind the dam is less than 0.05 m/s, and the maximum flow speed amplification is 29%; the water depth of the shoal area is 0.3-0.8 m, the water depth of the deep groove area is 0.8-1.3 m, and the water depth change rate is 62.5%; the water dissolved oxygen is 8.3mg/L, the oxygen is increased by about 48 percent, the COD concentration is 33.4mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.33mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 0.29mg/L, and the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus respectively reach 10.9 percent, 19.4 percent and 35.6 percent.
The system and the method for improving the micro-habitat can effectively improve the flow state of the river, form diversified habitats, provide good habitat for aquatic organisms, improve the urban river landscape to a certain extent, promote the restoration of a river ecosystem, are innovation on the system and the method for improving the river micro-habitat, and have good economic and social benefits.
Claims (6)
1. A river micro-habitat improving system is characterized by comprising an aquatic plant improving system and a water flow improving system, wherein the aquatic plant improving system is composed of an aquatic plant growing area (3) on which aquatic plants are grown, the photosynthesis of the grown aquatic plants releases oxygen and enables water to circulate to improve the dissolved oxygen content of water areas between spur dike groups, the aquatic plant growing area (3) is arranged on a static water area between the spur dikes of the spur dike groups (1) and slopes of the spur dikes, the growing area is enlarged, the dissolved oxygen content of water bodies in the surrounding water areas is improved, the water quality is improved, the problem of uniqueness of the river micro-habitat is solved, the water flow improving system comprises a shoal (2), a gravel group and a deep groove (5), the shoal (2) is arranged in a static water area between the spur dikes of the spur dikes (1), the aquatic plant growing area (3) is arranged on the shoal (2) of the static water area, the deep groove (5) extending into and penetrating out between the T-dams of the T-dam group (1) is arranged on the shoal (2) in a winding mode, water flow is facilitated through the deep groove (5), water fluidity is improved, the shoal (2) is provided with a first gravel group (4a), the first gravel group (4a) is surrounded by the deep groove (5) between the T-dams of the T-dam group (1), and purified water quality can be improved through the first gravel group (4 a).
2. The system for improving the river micro-habitat according to claim 1, wherein a single spur dike of the spur dike group (1) is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, a slope of the single spur dike is provided with a second gravel group (4b), and the second gravel group (4b) can improve water quality.
3. The river micro-habitat improving system according to claim 1, wherein the height of the top of the shoal (2) is gradually reduced along the water flow direction, so that the water flow on the shoal (2) can be ensured to flow along the water flow direction of the river, the water fluidity of the dead water area of the spur dike group (1) is improved, the dissolved oxygen amount of the water can be increased, the water quality is improved, and the problem of river micro-habitat singularity is solved.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first gravel group (4a) and the second gravel group (4b) are disposed in the aquatic plant growing section (3).
5. The river micro-habitat improving system according to claim 1, wherein openings of the deep grooves (5) between the grommets of the grommets are open outward and opposite to a water flow direction, so that water flow can enter the deep grooves (5).
6. A method for improving a river micro-habitat, characterized by using the system for improving a river micro-habitat according to any of claims 1 or 2 to 5 and then performing the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps that a shoal (2) below a spur dike group (1) is obliquely arranged along the water flow direction, so that water can flow normally, a deep groove (5) is formed in the shoal (2) and extends to a still water area between the spur dikes of the spur dike group (1) and then penetrates out, the flowing water can flow through the still water area in the middle of the spur dike group (1), water circulation is improved, the still water area moves, and dissolved oxygen is increased;
2) a first gravel group (4a) is arranged on a shoal (2) of a region surrounded by a deep groove (5) between the spur dikes of the spur dikes (1), and a second gravel group (4b) is arranged on a slope of a single spur dike;
3) aquatic plants are planted on the first gravel group (4a) and the second gravel group (4b) in the aquatic plant planting area (3), and the planted aquatic plants release oxygen through photosynthesis and enable water to circulate to improve the dissolved oxygen amount of the water area between the dike groups.
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| CN201711444697.1A CN108166439B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | River microbial habitat improving system and method |
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| CN201711444697.1A CN108166439B (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | River microbial habitat improving system and method |
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| CN108166439B true CN108166439B (en) | 2020-02-18 |
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| CN109487751A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-19 | 新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院 | The roadbed erosion control ruggedized construction that gabion wall and groynes group close |
| CN113062261B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 广州市宏涛水务勘测设计有限公司 | Hydraulic engineering building based on ecological protection technology |
| CN115419006B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-06-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for improving water quality of junction area of polluted tributaries and wide shallow river |
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| CN204849678U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-12-09 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel butyl dam structure |
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2017
- 2017-12-27 CN CN201711444697.1A patent/CN108166439B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101219834A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-07-16 | 河海大学 | Method for shaping ecological decontaminating type combination stream channel wet land system |
| CN102094404A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Method for constructing deep pool and shoal in straight river channel |
| CN102220745A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-10-19 | 河海大学 | Small and medium straight river longitudinal winding form construction method |
| CN204849678U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-12-09 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel butyl dam structure |
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