CN106561160B - A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and cotton picker - Google Patents

A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and cotton picker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106561160B
CN106561160B CN201510855980.8A CN201510855980A CN106561160B CN 106561160 B CN106561160 B CN 106561160B CN 201510855980 A CN201510855980 A CN 201510855980A CN 106561160 B CN106561160 B CN 106561160B
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cotton
picker
screw feeder
head
closed type
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CN106561160A (en
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周潘玉
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Hubei Kaiken Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D46/00Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
    • A01D46/08Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs of cotton
    • A01D46/12Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs of cotton using boll-from-plant strippers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and cotton picker, classification closed type cotton picker is plucked before head is placed in cotton picking locomotive head, including picker drum and bar batten, it is a screw feeder slot storehouse to pluck a main stand, there are discharge port and docking facilities on rear side of screw feeder slot storehouse, it is in comb teeth-shaped to extend forward on front side of screw feeder slot storehouse, has baffle at left and right sides of screw feeder slot storehouse, has transmission device outside baffle;There is screw feeder roller in screw feeder slot storehouse, has picker drum by front position in screw feeder slot storehouse, picker drum axial line is substantially parallel with screw feeder roller axial line and axial line is substantially parallel when keeping straight on vehicle front-wheel;Picker drum and screw feeder roller diameter are to there are gaps;Picker drum top, which is equipped with, moves back cotton device and cotton collection conveying device;Bar batten bottom surface is to there is a channel between broach top surface;There are nearside divider in screw feeder slot storehouse front end, picker drum axial direction both sides, have stem pulling device below broach.Net picking rate of the present invention is classified harvesting to unginned cotton and concentrates up to 98% or more, ensures cotton quality, strong to cotton planting mode adaptation.

Description

A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and cotton picker
Technical field
The invention belongs to cotton picking field of mechanical technique.
Background technology
The cotton picker head and cotton picker of existing maturation design the horizontal cotton picker of production with the Deere in the U.S. and Keyes To represent, the picker drum of horizontal cotton picker is vertically arranged, and plucks ingot and ground level, and the type engine efficiency is very high, makes accurate, work Make reliably, but may be the difference of specific environment difference or choice that designer originally faces, so horizontal cotton picker There are several congenital deficiencies:First, plucking head to cotton stalk excess compression, and ingot is plucked using naked tooth, promote to pluck ingot and excessively capture, made It is miscellaneous more at containing in unginned cotton, and ripe cotton and the cotton of maturity difference mix, and keep the mic value of machine pick cotton undesirable;Its Two, picker drum cuts that streaming is interspersed, and there are a probability problems, so often to adopt twice, causes that kinetic equation loss is big, machinery mill Damage is big, harvesting is of high cost.Even thirdly, adopt and also have many landing cottons, hanging branch cotton and green peach for twice and can not recycle, Cause not small waste;Fourth, the line-spacing kind value of 66+6 or 68+8 need to strictly be pressed, to the high yield wide-and narrow-row of Xinjiang of China away from 60+30 It can not harvest, the adaptability of cotton picker is poor.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art and provide a kind of net picking rate it is high, to cotton planting mould The adaptable classification closed type cotton picker of formula plucks head and cotton picker.
Technical program of the present invention lies in:A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head, the vehicle plucked head and be placed in cotton picker Work before head, including picker drum and bar batten, have on the picker drum it is branched pluck ingot, the ingot of plucking is around picker drum Around Pivot Point Center line rotation and the direction of Pivot Point Center line, the main stand for plucking head can be adjusted while axial line revolves round the sun It is the screw feeder slot storehouse of an approximate scraper bowl shape, the rear side in screw feeder slot storehouse is to be equipped with discharge port and right by the side of near-car head Connection device, screw feeder slot storehouse front side extends forward and extended surface is in comb teeth-shaped, and the minimum distance between adjacent fingers is more than 12mm Less than 25mm, there is baffle at left and right sides of screw feeder slot storehouse, there is transmission device outside baffle;In screw feeder slot storehouse rearward Position is equipped with a screw feeder roller, is equipped with above front position, that is, broach in screw feeder slot storehouse and at least one described plucks cotton rolling Cylinder, the picker drum axial line and the screw feeder roller axial line are substantially parallel and axial line when keeping straight on vehicle front-wheel substantially Parallel, rotation direction is consistent with the work rotation direction of screw feeder roller when the picker drum plucks cotton, and the rotation direction one when advancing with wheel It causes;In the picker drum and the screw feeder roller diameter to there are gaps;The bar batten is between picker drum and broach, grid Batten bottom surface is to there is a channel between broach top surface;On the picker drum pluck ingot can pass through bar batten, stretch into the channel In win cotton, screw feeder slot storehouse front end, picker drum axial direction both sides be equipped with nearside divider, be equipped in the lower section of the broach Stem pulling device.
It is equipped in the picker drum top position to the rear and moves back cotton device and cotton collection conveying device.
The channel minimum widith is more than 200mm, and minimum constructive height is more than 120mm and is less than 450mm.
In the top of the picker drum, forward position, which is additionally provided with, plucks ingot cleaning device.
The minimum distance for plucking spindle pivot to the broach top surface is more than 5mm and is less than 30mm.
It is additionally provided with hydraulic lift on the outside of the rear end of screw feeder slot storehouse.
Induction type feeler mechanism is additionally provided with below the nearside divider.
A kind of cotton picker for plucking head comprising above-mentioned classification closed type cotton picker, including walking chassis, driver's cabin, suspension dress It sets, power and transmission system, wind-force cotton transport device, hydraulic system, defeated miscellaneous device, remaining cotton retracting device;Before the driver's cabin It is equipped with classification closed type cotton picker and plucks head;The docking facilities that the suspension arrangement plucks head with the classification closed type cotton picker connect It connects, the remaining cotton retracting device is connected to by defeated miscellaneous device with the discharge port that the classification closed type cotton picker plucks head, described dynamic Power and transmission system are connect with the transmission device that the classification closed type cotton picker plucks head;There are two collect cotton at the cotton picker rear portion Storehouse, one of them is connected to remaining cotton retracting device, another is by the wind-force cotton transport device and classification system receipts formula cotton picking The cotton collection conveying device that machine plucks head communicates, and two cotton collecting bins can merge.
It is additionally provided with cotton boll separating and reclaiming device by the remaining cotton retracting device.
The hydraulic system is associated with induction type feeler mechanism, can be automatically controled the hydraulic pressure that classification closed type cotton picker plucks head Lifting gear.
The present invention uses the horizontal vertically-arranged of picker drum, plucks ingot and wins cotton perpendicular to ground, and has mating remaining cotton recycling And processing unit (plant), allow and pluck head and preferentially pick cotton in the environment of relative loose, and high quality cotton individually conveyed be concentrated to it is high-quality Cotton storehouse, and peach send the remaining cotton processing unit (plant) to driver's cabin to sort again by recycling conveying device more than remaining cotton, sorted poor quality cotton is another It is outer to be concentrated to poor quality cotton storehouse, it realizes and the simple of unginned cotton is classified simultaneously, realize that system is received.
The advantage of the invention is that:It 1, can accomplish once to harvest clean, and net picking rate is up to 98% or more, landing cotton and extension The loss of branch cotton minimizes;2, harvesting is classified to unginned cotton and concentrated, cotton quality is guaranteed;3, to cotton planting mode adaptive Property is strong, and the American machine that can harvest 66+10 adopts, and can also harvest 60+30 and its Xinjiang high yield wide-and narrow-row of mutation;It 4, can be right together Green peach carries out recycling concentration, and waste is minimized, and increases cotton grower's income.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that present invention classification closed type cotton picker plucks head.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional views of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of cotton picker of the present invention.
In figure, 1, screw feeder slot storehouse, 2, discharge port, 3, docking facilities, 4, broach, 5, plate washer, 6, transmission device, 7, screw feeder Roller, 8, vehicle pass a bridge, 9, elevator, 10, picker drum, 11, pluck ingot, 12, pluck bolster, 13, bar batten, 14, channel, 15, point Standing grain device, 16, stem pulling device, 17, move back cotton roller, 18, cotton transport air hose, 19, cleaning device, 20, induction type feeler mechanism, 21, hydraulic pressure Lifting cylinder, 22, cotton picker, 23, suspension arrangement, 24, power and transmission system, 25, control system integration, 26, walking chassis, 27, remaining cotton retracting device, 28, hydraulic system, 29, driver's cabin, 30, high quality cotton storehouse, 31, poor quality cotton storehouse, 32, wind-force cotton transport device, 33, cotton boll separating and reclaiming device.
Specific implementation mode
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, before suspension is fixed on 22 headstock of cotton picker when classification closed type cotton picker plucks head use.Pluck the master of head Body rack is the screw feeder slot storehouse 1 of an approximate shovel head shape, and the rear side in screw feeder slot storehouse 1 namely leans on the side of near-car head to be provided with out Material mouth 2 is simultaneously equipped with docking facilities 3, and 1 front side of screw feeder slot storehouse extends forward and extended surface is in comb teeth-shaped, and cotton stalk can combed Pass through between tooth 4, if the minimum distance between adjacent fingers 4 is too small, is unfavorable for cotton stalk disengaging and pulls out, it is possible that excessively multibreak Bar enters screw feeder slot storehouse, if instead distance is too big between broach 4, might have part cotton boll, cotton is drawn out screw feeder slot storehouse 1 Outside, so the minimum distance between adjacent fingers is scheduled between 12 millimeters to 25 millimeters, there is baffle 5 in 1 left and right sides of screw feeder slot storehouse, And the rotating member in screw feeder slot storehouse 1 all provides support by baffle 5, and driving wheel and other transmissions dress are additionally provided with outside baffle 5 It sets.
Rearward position is equipped with a screw feeder roller 7 in screw feeder slot storehouse 1, and the effect of screw feeder roller 7 is the miscellaneous remaining defeated of the cotton containing residual It send and focuses on discharge port 2, be transported to remaining cotton retracting device 27 through the elevator 9 in vehicle gap bridge 8, in front of screw feeder roller 7 simultaneously And the top of broach 4 is to grab cotton roller.Grab cotton cylinder axis line and 7 axial line of screw feeder roller it is substantially parallel and with vehicle front-wheel Axial line is substantially parallel when straight trip, pluck head work when, the rotation direction of picker drum 10, the rotation direction of screw feeder roller 7, wheel rotation direction three Unanimously.There are distances, the two not to have juxtaposition for plucking between ingot 11 and the blade of screw feeder roller 7 on picker drum 10.
Branched energy rotation is uniformly distributed around picker drum 10 plucks bolster 12, plucks to be vertically arranged on bolster 12 and repeatedly pluck Ingot 11, when work, pluck ingot 11 and revolve round the sun around the axial line of picker drum 10, while around Pivot Point Center line rotation, and due to plucking ingot The torsion of pipe 12 makes entire row pluck the adjustment direction of ingot 11, and cotton stalk is smoothly inserted into or exits convenient for plucking ingot 11.
There are bar batten 13, the front side of bar batten 13 to upwardly extend an encirclement part and pluck between picker drum 10 and broach 4 Cotton roller 10, the ingot 11 of plucking on picker drum 10 capture cotton across the position that bar batten 13 is extend into close to 4 top surface of broach, That is broach 4 and bar batten 13 and plucking and forming a channel 14 between first two side shield 5, the head of cotton plant is by bar batten 13 Front is pressed onto is tilted a certain angle forward, and cotton plant root is entered by broach 4 in channel 14, and cotton plant keeps tilting the same of standing When plucked ingot 11 and penetrated and pluck cotton, if the channel 14 is too narrow, cotton stalk excess compression can be increased containing miscellaneous, it is too roomy and can shadow Net picking rate is rung, so the minimum widith in the channel 14 is more than 200 millimeters, which is more than 120 millimeters, is less than It 450 millimeters, is similarly and reaches an ideal net picking rate, the minimum distance for making to pluck spindle pivot to carding tooth surface is more than 5 millimeters, is less than 30 Millimeter.
Stem pulling device 16 is equipped with below 1 outer bottom of screw feeder slot storehouse, that is, broach 4, there are two the effects of stem pulling device 16:One Cotton stalk is to aid in smoothly to translate from front to back;Second is that cotton stalk is smoothed out with the fingers the slightly larger impurity such as remaining cotton cotton boll toward drop-down in end section. Remaining cotton cotton boll is conveyed the elevator 9 focused on outside gap bridge 8 by screw feeder roller 7 again.Position to the rear is equipped with and moves back above picker drum 10 Cotton device and cotton collect conveying device, that is, move back cotton roller 17 and cotton transport air hose 18, and two components cooperate plucking what ingot 11 captured Cotton transfer is concentrated.To keep plucking the working efficiency of ingot 11, forward position is additionally provided with cleaning device above picker drum 10 19.In screw feeder slot storehouse 1 the cotton on cotton plant all to be protected as far as possible carding tooth surface or more, broach 4 is closely possible close Ground, but cannot be inserted into soil or in book film, place is equipped with induction type feeler mechanism 20 and hydraulic pressure liter below nearside divider 15 Oil cylinder 21 drops;In order to improve cotton picker head working efficiency, it need to pluck and adopt several rows more for the first time, this will be in a screw feeder slot storehouse 1 Interior to set several picker drums 10, multiple picker drums 10 are substantially used in series along same axis more.
In Fig. 3, it is equipped with classification closed type cotton picker in the production of cotton picking locomotive head and plucks head, match in 22 walking chassis 26 of cotton picker Dynamic and transmission system 24, wind-force cotton transport device 32, control system integration 25, hydraulic system 28, defeated miscellaneous device, the recycling of remaining cotton The suspension arrangement 23 of device 27 etc., 22 gap bridge end of cotton picker is connect with the docking facilities 3 for plucking head, power on cotton picker 22 and Transmission system 24 is connect with the transmission device 6 for plucking head, and what the conveying of screw feeder roller 7 was concentrated miscellaneous remaining be transported to remaining cotton by elevator 9 and return Receiving apparatus 27 sorts processing again.The hydraulic system 28 of cotton picker 22 and the hydraulic lift and induction type profiling machine for plucking head Structure 20 connects, and driver can go lifting to pluck head according to walking road shape and topographical conditions with manually or automatically two kinds of control modes.
There are two cotton collecting bins at 22 driver's cabin of cotton picker, 29 rear, and uppermost big storehouse is high quality cotton storehouse 30, small storehouse below For poor quality cotton storehouse 31, high quality cotton by wind-force cotton transport device 32 with pluck head move back cotton roller 17 and cotton transport air hose 18 communicates, poor quality cotton storehouse 31 Be connected to remaining cotton retracting device 27, it is of less demanding to cotton quality, be not required to point warehousing cotton when, two storehouses can be combined into one. In addition, to reduce waste as far as possible, cotton boll separating and reclaiming device 33 is additionally provided with by remaining cotton retracting device 27.It is sitting in driver's cabin The completion cotton picking that driver in 29 manipulates each work system collaboration by control system integration 25 works.
The cotton picker of the present invention and the workflow for plucking head are:Between cotton picker moves forward the insertion of nearside divider 15 cotton plant in the ranks Gap, the follow-up of broach 4 penetrate cotton plant root, prevent noil, then 13 front end of bar batten is forward pushed into cotton plant to tilt, 4 bottom of broach The stem pulling roller in portion starts to intervene, and tilts cotton plant and enters picking channel by moderate compression, plucking ingot 11 on picker drum 10 starts to follow Ring plucks cotton, then focuses on the high quality cotton storehouse 30 at cotton picker rear portion by moving back cotton device and cotton collection conveying device transfer.It is removed The cotton plant of most of cottons continuously translates backward under the action of stem pulling roller introduction segment, when soon close to screw feeder roller 7, stem pulling The stem pulling section of roller starts cotton stalk toward drop-down, to smooth out with the fingers remaining cotton, cotton boll and part cotton stalk cotton leaf.It is conveyed and is concentrated by screw feeder roller 7 Elevator 9 to the discharge port 2 of the rear side of screw feeder slot storehouse 1, then in being passed a bridge by cotton picker enters remaining cotton retracting device 27, through adding Remaining cotton-wadded quilt after work is chosen focuses in poor quality cotton storehouse 31, and residual impurity is discharged outside machine or through green peach sorting unit again green peach It sorts out.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head, described pluck before head is placed in the headstock of cotton picker works, including picker drum and Bar batten, have on the picker drum it is branched pluck ingot, it is described to pluck ingot while revolving round the sun around picker drum axial line around itself Axial line rotation and the direction that Pivot Point Center line can be adjusted, it is characterised in that:The main stand for plucking head is an approximate shovel Bucket-shaped screw feeder slot storehouse, the rear side in screw feeder slot storehouse is to be equipped with discharge port and docking facilities by the side of near-car head, described Extend forward on front side of screw feeder slot storehouse and extended surface is in comb teeth-shaped, the minimum distance between adjacent fingers is more than 12mm and is less than 25mm, institute Stating at left and right sides of screw feeder slot storehouse has baffle, there is transmission device outside baffle;Rearward position is equipped with one in screw feeder slot storehouse Screw feeder roller is equipped at least one picker drum in screw feeder slot storehouse above front position, that is, broach, described to pluck cotton Cylinder axis line is substantially parallel with the screw feeder roller axial line and axial line when keeping straight on vehicle front-wheel is substantially parallel, described to pluck Rotation direction is consistent with the work rotation direction of screw feeder roller when cotton roller plucks cotton, and rotation direction when advancing with wheel is consistent;It is plucked described Cotton roller and the screw feeder roller diameter are to there are gaps;The bar batten between picker drum and broach, arrive by bar batten bottom surface There is a channel between broach top surface;Ingot of plucking on the picker drum can stretch into the channel across bar batten and win cotton, It is equipped with nearside divider in screw feeder slot storehouse front end, picker drum axial direction both sides, stem pulling device is equipped in the lower section of the broach.
2. classification closed type cotton picker according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:It is inclined on the picker drum top Position, which is equipped with, afterwards moves back cotton device and cotton collection conveying device.
3. classification closed type cotton picker according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:The channel minimum widith is more than 200mm, minimum constructive height are more than 120mm and are less than 450mm.
4. classification closed type cotton picker according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:In the top of the picker drum Forward position, which is additionally provided with, plucks ingot cleaning device.
5. classification closed type cotton picker according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:The spindle pivot of plucking is to the broach The minimum distance of top surface is more than 5mm and is less than 30mm.
6. classification closed type cotton picker according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:Outside the rear end of screw feeder slot storehouse Side is additionally provided with hydraulic lift.
7. the classification closed type cotton picker stated according to claim 1 plucks head, it is characterised in that:It is additionally provided with below the nearside divider Induction type feeler mechanism.
8. a kind of classification closed type cotton picker comprising described in any of the above-described claim plucks the cotton picker of head, including walking bottom Disk, driver's cabin, suspension arrangement, power and transmission system, wind-force cotton transport device, hydraulic system, defeated miscellaneous device, remaining cotton recycling dress It sets;It is characterized in that:There is classification closed type cotton picker to pluck head in the cab forward;The suspension arrangement is united with the classification The docking facilities of receipts formula cotton picker head connect, and the remaining cotton retracting device passes through defeated miscellaneous device and classification system receipts formula cotton picking Machine is plucked the transmission device that the discharge port connection of head, the power and transmission system pluck head with the classification closed type cotton picker and is connected It connects;There are two cotton collecting bins at the cotton picker rear portion, one of them is connected to remaining cotton retracting device, another is defeated by the wind-force Cotton device is collected conveying device with the cotton that the classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and is communicated, and two cotton collecting bins can merge.
9. cotton picker according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Cotton boll separation is additionally provided with by the remaining cotton retracting device Retracting device.
10. cotton picker according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The hydraulic system is associated with induction type feeler mechanism, It can be automatically controled the hydraulic lift that classification closed type cotton picker plucks head.
CN201510855980.8A 2015-11-30 2015-11-30 A kind of classification closed type cotton picker plucks head and cotton picker Active CN106561160B (en)

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CN107172969A (en) * 2017-05-06 2017-09-19 广西大学 A kind of spring tooth bowl formula cotton boll picker
CN108811725B (en) * 2018-08-28 2023-08-08 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Pneumatic auxiliary plate tooth type cotton picking table
CN109850577B (en) * 2019-02-27 2021-07-30 山东理工大学 Intelligent mechanical and pneumatic mixed conveying type residual (residual) material recovery equipment
US11277968B2 (en) * 2019-03-27 2022-03-22 Deere & Company Secondary stalk roller
CN110115153A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-13 湖北开肯机械制造有限公司 A kind of planet licker-in grabs cotton roller and its application apparatus
CN110432836A (en) * 2019-07-28 2019-11-12 山东理工大学 A kind of surplus (residual) material reclaimer of intelligence strength suction and conveying formula
CN216001563U (en) * 2021-10-11 2022-03-11 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 Compacting auger mechanism of cotton picking and packaging machine and cotton picker
CN114631431B (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-30 原阳县伟凡农机有限公司 Machine is picked up to cotton falling to ground
CN117397463B (en) * 2023-11-21 2024-05-07 广东省农业科学院设施农业研究所 Working method of litchi picking machine

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Effective date of registration: 20181115

Address after: 441000 No. 60 Hanjiang North Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province

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Address before: 441003 No. 9362 Changchun District, Qilihe Road, Xiangfan High-tech Zone, Hubei Province

Patentee before: Zhou Panyu

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