CN106525801B - 一种检测食品中果糖的方法 - Google Patents

一种检测食品中果糖的方法 Download PDF

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CN106525801B
CN106525801B CN201611095215.1A CN201611095215A CN106525801B CN 106525801 B CN106525801 B CN 106525801B CN 201611095215 A CN201611095215 A CN 201611095215A CN 106525801 B CN106525801 B CN 106525801B
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张海霞
李慧慧
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Anhui Quanjing New Material Technology Co ltd
Guangxi Fanbo Technology Co ltd
High Tech Research Institute Of Lanzhou University Zhongwei City
Lanzhou University
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Lanzhou University
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    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种检测食品中果糖的方法,其步骤为a.配制储备液;b.制备标准溶液;c.测定荧光光谱;d.绘制标准曲线。荧光谱图中存在572 nm和500 nm两个峰,基于两个波长的荧光强度比值对果糖进行检测。本发明与现有技术相比,分析时间短,操作条件温和,重现性好,且对果糖的检出限低,具有快速、简便、稳定和高灵敏的优点。

Description

一种检测食品中果糖的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种检测食品中果糖的方法,属于食品检测领域。
背景技术
果糖是一种高甜度的单糖,在食品工业中被广泛用作甜味剂。研究表明,人体摄入过量果糖会诱发多种疾病,例如高血压、肾脏疾病和代谢综合征(Clevel. Clin. J. Med.2006, 73, 1059–1064)。因此,食品果糖检测对于食品质量控制和人体健康具有十分重要的意义。
目前,检测食品中果糖的方法包括气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和间苯二酚比色法等。气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法使用的仪器设备昂贵,需要专门的分析检测人员,因而分析成本高;同时这两种方法的分析时间长。间苯二酚比色法克服了气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法的不足,使用的仪器设备简单,分析时间短,具有廉价快速的优点;但是它的操作条件苛刻,需要高温强酸,同时生成的有色产物不稳定,导致重现性差。
发明内容
鉴于上述,本发明旨在提供一种检测食品中果糖的方法。本方法廉价、快速、简便、重现性好。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种检测食品中果糖的方法,其步骤是:
a.配制储备液:将10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和3-吡啶硼酸分别溶于二甲基亚砜,浓度均为0.3–0.7 mM;
b.制备标准溶液:将步骤a配制的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和 3-吡啶硼酸储备液与pH = 6.0–8.0浓度为5–50 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在离心管中混合后,加入浓度分别为0、0.015、0.060、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50、1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 mM的果糖标准溶液,然后在30–45 °C水浴中孵化5 –60 min;
c.测定荧光光谱:将步骤b制备的标准溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380 nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675nm、狭缝宽度:5/10 nm,荧光光谱中存在572 nm和500 nm两个峰;
d.绘制标准曲线:以果糖浓度为横坐标,以步骤c测定的荧光强度比值为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。
检测果糖的原理:10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉在572 nm处发射荧光,它与3-吡啶硼酸络合后在500 nm处发射荧光(Org. Lett.2013, 15, 5382–5385);本发明在10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和3-吡啶硼酸中加入果糖后,果糖与3-吡啶硼酸反应生成环状酯,从而抑制了10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉与3-吡啶硼酸的络合,导致572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值升高;依据572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值可以对果糖进行检测。
本发明的优点和产生的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一种检测食品中果糖的方法。使用的仪器设备简单,试剂成本低,具有廉价的优点。分析时间短,操作条件温和,在常温常压下进行,不涉及强酸强碱,具有快速和简便的优点。本发明基于572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值对果糖进行检测,与基于单个波长的荧光或吸收强度对果糖进行检测的方法相比,本发明受外界环境和仪器效率等干扰因素的影响较小,具有重现性好的优点。本发明对果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖进行测试,对葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖的响应都很弱,而对果糖的响应很强,并且对果糖的检出限低,因此本发明对果糖具有高选择性和高灵敏性。
附图说明
图1为加入不同浓度果糖后的荧光谱图。
图2为 572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值与果糖浓度之间的线性关系。
图3 为果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖的响应图。
图4为磷酸盐缓冲溶液pH = 9.0的条件下加入果糖前后的荧光谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例
一种检测食品中果糖的方法,其步骤是:
将0.5 mL 浓度为0.5 mM 的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和0.5 mL浓度为0.5 mM 的3-吡啶硼酸储备液与3.8 mL pH = 7.4浓度为10 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在10 mL离心管中混合后,加入0.2 mL浓度分别为0、0.015、0.060、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50、1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 mM的果糖标准溶液,然后在37 °C水浴中孵化10 min。将制备的标准溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675 nm、狭缝宽度:5/10 nm。然后,以果糖浓度为横坐标,572nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。
如图1所示,在波长450 nm到675 nm区间内,出现572 nm和500 nm两个峰,随着果糖浓度的增加,荧光光谱呈现从上到下的趋势。如图2所示,572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值与果糖浓度呈线性增加的关系(R 2 = 0.9945),线性范围为0.015–2.5 mM,线性拟合方程为y = 0.955 + 1.258x,检出限为0.005 mM(信噪比为 0.002)。
实验例1
对果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖的响应,其步骤是:
将0.5 mL 浓度为0.5 mM 的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和0.5 mL浓度为0.5 mM 的3-吡啶硼酸储备液与3.8 mL pH = 7.4浓度为10 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在10 mL离心管中混合后,加入0.2 mL浓度为1 mM的果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖的标准溶液,然后在37 °C水浴中孵化10 min。将制备的标准溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380 nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675 nm、狭缝宽度:5/10 nm。然后,以糖的名称为横坐标,572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值的增量为纵坐标,绘制果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖的响应图。
不加糖时,572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值为0.93。如图3所示,加入果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或麦芽糖后,572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值分别增加了1.26、0.02、0.15、0.07、0.01和0.06。由此可知,本发明对果糖的响应最强,对其他种类糖的响应很弱,说明本发明对果糖具有很好的选择性。
实验例2
检测蜂蜜和饮料中的果糖,其步骤是:
蜂蜜和饮料购买于当地超市,测定前用超纯水稀释。将0.5 mL 浓度为0.5 mM 的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和0.5 mL浓度为0.5 mM 的3-吡啶硼酸储备液与3.8 mL pH = 7.4浓度为10 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在10 mL离心管中混合后,加入0.2 mL样品,然后在37 °C水浴中孵化10 min。将制备的溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380 nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675 nm、狭缝宽度:5/10nm。然后,结合测定的572 nm与500 nm的荧光强度比值和实施例1的线性方程计算样品中果糖的浓度。
表1本发明与间苯二酚比色法测定的蜂蜜和饮料中果糖浓度的对比
从表1可看出,本发明与间苯二酚比色法测定的果糖浓度基本一致;然而,与间苯二酚比色法的相对标准偏差(4.6–11.7%)相比,本发明的相对标准偏差(1.3–6.4%)比较小,说明相对于间苯二酚比色法本发明具有更好的稳定性、重现性和抗干扰能力。另外,间苯二酚比色法的操作条件苛刻,需要在高温强酸(90 °C,浓盐酸)条件下进行,但是本明的操作条件温和(37 °C)。因而本发明对果糖的检测有广泛的应用价值。
实验例3
磷酸盐缓冲溶液pH = 9.0的条件下对果糖的响应,其步骤是:
将0.5 mL 浓度为0.5 mM 的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和0.5 mL浓度为0.5 mM 的3-吡啶硼酸储备液与3.8 mL pH = 9.0浓度为10 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在10 mL离心管中混合后,加入浓度分别为0和0.2 mM的果糖标准溶液,然后在37 °C水浴中孵化10 min。将制备的标准溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380 nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675 nm、狭缝宽度:5/10 nm。
图4为磷酸盐缓冲溶液pH = 9.0的条件下加入果糖前后的荧光谱图,图中实线和虚线分别对应加入果糖之前和之后的的荧光谱图。加入果糖前,荧光谱图中500 nm的峰几乎看不到,说明10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉与3-吡啶硼酸基本不发生络合,然而本方法需要10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉与3-吡啶硼酸发生络合出现500nm的峰,所以磷酸盐缓冲溶液pH = 9.0的条件不适于检测果糖。加入果糖后,荧光谱图的变化很小,说明对果糖的响应很弱,进一步验证了磷酸盐缓冲溶液pH = 9.0的条件不适于检测果糖。

Claims (1)

1.一种检测食品中果糖的方法,其步骤是:
a.配制储备液:将10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和3-吡啶硼酸分别溶于二甲基亚砜,浓度均为0.3–0.7 mM;
b.制备标准溶液:将步骤a配制的10-羟基苯并[h]喹啉和 3-吡啶硼酸储备液与 pH =6.0–8.0浓度为5–50 mM的磷酸盐缓冲溶液在离心管中混合后,加入浓度分别为0、0.015、0.060、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50、1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 mM的果糖标准溶液,然后在30–45 °C水浴中孵化5 –60 min;
c.测定荧光光谱:将步骤b制备的标准溶液放入荧光分光光度计中测定荧光光谱,荧光光谱设置的参数是:比色皿:1.0 cm、激发波长:380 nm、发射波长扫描范围:450–675 nm、狭缝宽度:5/10 nm,荧光光谱中存在572 nm和500 nm两个峰;
d.绘制标准曲线:以果糖浓度为横坐标,以步骤c测定的荧光强度比值L572//l500为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。
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