CN106518355A - Edible mushroom culture medium applicable to arid area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an edible mushroom culture medium applicable to an arid area. The edible mushroom culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of fermentation bed waste padding, 34-35 parts of rapeseed cake, 13-15 parts of coconut milk powder, 2-3 parts of limestone powder, 1-2 parts of pullulan, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-4 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 33-37 parts of sawdust, 1-3 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 34-38 parts of wheat straw, 1-2 parts of urea, 20-25 parts of peat soil and a proper amount of water. According to the edible mushroom culture medium disclosed by the invention, a large amount of the fermentation bed waste padding is utilized, thereby greatly lowering the sawdust consumption and reducing the production cost; meanwhile, the porous structure of the edible mushroom culture medium is matched with the utilization of such efficient water absorbing-holding materials as pullulan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, thereby achieving the long-acting retention of water in the edible mushroom culture medium; and accordingly, the demand for a culture medium of an arid-area edible mushroom culture process is met.

Description

A kind of edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area

Technical field

The present invention relates to nutrient matrix technical field, more particularly to a kind of edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area.

Background technology

Substrate culture is a kind of important cultural method, is a kind of a kind of soilless culture side by matrix absorption nutrient Formula, as which requires the advantages of low, equipment is simple, water-saving saves fertilizer to soil environment, being adopted by vast plant development person should With.And the continuous expansion of the continuous development and cultivated area with China's planting industry, the usage amount of cultivation matrix also constantly increases, The single raw materials such as traditional employing turf, vermiculite are simply mixed the matrix of preparation and can not meet the demand of plantation, while The universal nutrition of matrix at this stage is single, while using the physical instability of process mesostroma, water imbibition is poor, easily subside, attached Price markup value is low, it is impossible to realizes higher using value for concrete cultivation object and environment, have impact on the growth of economic benefit.

The modification technology of stalk can be effectively reduced the carbon-nitrogen ratio of stalk, reduce cellulose and hemicellulose in stalk Content, accelerates the decomposition speed of stalk, at the same time there is long-chain molecule in organic substrate, and this molecule effectively can be fettered With cohere mineral grain, promote the formation and development of aggregate structure in matrix, and the organic matter in matrix effectively promoted Mineral grain can be effectively cohered in the growth of microorganism, the mycelia of microorganism, promote the formation of new matrix structure, affect base The degree of packing of matter.Under the collective effect of organic matter and microorganism, the addition of modified straw can strengthen the reunion of particle in matrix Effect, accelerates the formation of matrix pores structure, improves the permeability and stability of matrix.

Gamma-polyglutamic acid is made due to a large amount of carboxyls and amide groups, having chelating to cation mineral nutrient and adsorbing With being prevented from leaching loss of nutrient, and improve the biological effectiveness of calcium ion and phosphate radical etc., reduce ammonium nitrogen and be lost in.Its with change Property stalk interaction can promote the existing hole in matrix to develop to more macrovoid again, and will directly can not utilize in matrix The Nutrient Transformations such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the form for being easy to absorb.

Based on this, the present inventor is by being studied to problem above and having been explored, there is provided one kind accords with the demands of the market Cultivation matrix.

The content of the invention

The object of the invention is exactly for the defect for making up prior art, there is provided a kind of edible fungus culturing base suitable for drought-hit area Matter.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：

A kind of edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area, is prepared by the raw materials in：The discarded bedding and padding 55- of fermentation bed 65th, rape cake 34-35, coconut slurry powder 13-15, agstone 2-3, pulullan polysaccharide 1-2, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1-3, ammonium nitrate Calcium 2-4, wood sawdust 33-37, gamma-polyglutamic acid 1-3, wheat stalk 34-38, urea 1-2, peat soil 20-25, appropriate amount of water.

The described edible fungus culturing Matrix formulation procedure suitable for drought-hit area is comprised the following steps that：

（1）Fermentation bed discarded bedding and padding, rape cake, coconut slurry powder mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48- 50%, retting is fermented 30-35 days, and gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and zymotic fluid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to middle formation and is bored Shape rickle is gathered in rear steamer and is heated to 70-80 DEG C to increase boiling area, by vapour cooking 30-40 minutes, after the completion of close Gas is simultaneously cooled to 30-32 DEG C, now adds gamma-polyglutamic acid, agstone and stirs to fully mixing, smokes stewing 24-26 minutes, After the completion of take out, then mix with step 1 gained zymotic fluid, and sequentially add pulullan polysaccharide, calcium ammonium nitrate, carboxymethylcellulose calcium Sodium, stirring chelating 55-60 minutes after being heated to 58-62 DEG C, removes filtrate drying for standby after filtration；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1-2mm sieves, after mixing with urea, step 2 gained filtrate, be put into appearance In device, the water of mixture total weight 55-60% is added, and by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control environment temperature is in 35-40 DEG C, take out after culture 60-72 hours, it is that 15-20% is standby to dry at 30-35 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Will be ferment obtained by step 1 siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and wood sawdust complete using mixer Portion stirs, and cultivates 5-6 days, freeze-drying after the completion of culture at being placed in 30-35 DEG C, and gained dried material is weighed dress Bag, obtains final product matrix of the present invention.

It is an advantage of the invention that：

The present invention can guarantee that being sufficiently mixed for substrate material and modified straw by packet mixed processing of the technique later stage to raw material, And the use of modified straw also pole significantly increases the structure hole of matrix, promote the development of noncapilarry porosity in matrix, Matrix retaining performance is favorably improved, strengthens the permeability and permeability of matrix, then by the synergy with gamma-polyglutamic acid Improve available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium content of magnesium in matrix.

Cultivation matrix of the present invention significantly reduces the consumption of wood chip by a large amount of uses to the discarded bedding and padding of fermentation bed, drops Low production cost, while the multi-pore structure of matrix coordinates the efficiently water-absorbing-retaining such as pulullan polysaccharide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose The use of material, the long-acting moisture retained in matrix of energy, reduces volatilization and leaching loss, so as to meet drought-hit area edible mushroom culture to planting The requirement of training matrix.

Specific embodiment

A kind of edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area, by following weight portion（kg）Raw material make：Fermentation bed is discarded Bedding and padding 55, rape cake 34, coconut slurry powder 13, agstone 2, pulullan polysaccharide 1, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1, calcium ammonium nitrate 2, sawmilling Bits 33, γ polyglutamic acids 1, wheat stalk 34, urea 1, peat soil 20, appropriate amount of water.

The described edible fungus culturing Matrix formulation procedure suitable for drought-hit area is comprised the following steps that：

（1）Fermentation bed discarded bedding and padding, rape cake, coconut slurry powder mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48%, retting is fermented 30 days, and gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and zymotic fluid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to middle formation and is bored Shape rickle is gathered and 70 DEG C is heated in rear steamer to increase boiling area, by vapour cooking 30 minutes, after the completion of close and gas drop Temperature adds γ polyglutamic acids, agstone and stirs to fully mixing to 30 DEG C, now, smokes stewing 24 minutes, after the completion of take out, then Mix with step 1 gained zymotic fluid, and sequentially add pulullan polysaccharide, calcium ammonium nitrate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, be heated to 58 DEG C Stirring chelating 55 minutes, removes filtrate drying for standby after filtration afterwards；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1mm sieves, after mixing with urea, step 2 gained filtrate, be put into container In, the water of mixture total weight 55% is added, by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control environment temperature cultivates 60 at 35 DEG C Take out after hour, it is 15% standby to dry at 30 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Will be ferment obtained by step 1 siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and wood sawdust complete using mixer Portion stirs, and is placed at 30 DEG C and cultivates 5 days, and gained dried material is weighed pack, i.e., by freeze-drying after the completion of culture Obtain matrix of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate the using value of the present invention, inventor have chosen matrix of the present invention and commercially available common respectively Culture matrix carries out the cultivating and growing of mushroom, and during plantation, two groups of management method is identical and drought-hit area water is simulated in water management It is flat, by plantation during detection that matrix physical and chemical index is carried out find that the total porosity of matrix of the present invention reaches 92.44%, and The total porosity of commercially available matrix only has 83.15%, and at the same time the biological transformation ratio of mushroom obtained by matrix of the present invention is more commercially available common Matrix improves 7.3%, and the output increased of finished product mushroom 14.6%, illustrates that matrix of the present invention has preferable using effect.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area, it is characterised in that be prepared by the raw materials in：Fermentation bed Discarded bedding and padding 55-65, rape cake 34-35, coconut slurry powder 13-15, agstone 2-3, pulullan polysaccharide 1-2, carboxymethylcellulose calcium Sodium 1-3, calcium ammonium nitrate 2-4, wood sawdust 33-37, gamma-polyglutamic acid 1-3, wheat stalk 34-38, urea 1-2, peat soil 20- 25th, appropriate amount of water.

2. the edible fungus culturing matrix suitable for drought-hit area according to claims 1, it is characterised in that the tool of preparation method Body step is as follows：

（1）Fermentation bed discarded bedding and padding, rape cake, coconut slurry powder mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48-50%, retting ferment 30-35 days, and gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and zymotic fluid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to middle formation Taper rickle is gathered in rear steamer and is heated to 70-80 DEG C to increase boiling area, by vapour cooking 30-40 minutes, after the completion of Close gas and be cooled to 30-32 DEG C, now add gamma-polyglutamic acid, agstone and stir to fully mixing, smoke stewing 24-26 point Clock, after the completion of take out, then mix with step 1 gained zymotic fluid, and sequentially adds pulullan polysaccharide, calcium ammonium nitrate, carboxymethyl fibre The plain sodium of dimension, stirring chelating 55-60 minutes after being heated to 58-62 DEG C, removes filtrate drying for standby after filtration；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1-2mm sieves, be put into after mixing with urea, step 2 gained filtrate In container, the water of mixture total weight 55-60% is added, and by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control environment temperature is in 35- 40 DEG C, take out after culture 60-72 hours, it is that 15-20% is standby to dry at 30-35 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Will be ferment obtained by step 1 siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and wood sawdust complete using mixer Portion stirs, and cultivates 5-6 days, freeze-drying after the completion of culture at being placed in 30-35 DEG C, and gained dried material is weighed dress Bag, obtains final product matrix of the present invention.