CN106518228A - Biochar-based fertilizer with effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and application method thereof - Google Patents
Biochar-based fertilizer with effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106518228A CN106518228A CN201610968174.6A CN201610968174A CN106518228A CN 106518228 A CN106518228 A CN 106518228A CN 201610968174 A CN201610968174 A CN 201610968174A CN 106518228 A CN106518228 A CN 106518228A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heavy metal
- metal cadmium
- biochar
- soil
- charcoal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses biochar-based fertilizer with an effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and an application method thereof and relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer. A preparation method of the biochar-based fertilizer comprises uniformly mixing biochar, cow dung, bentonite and starch according to mass part ratio of 100: 10-20: 2.5-5: 1, adding water into the mixture, carrying out stirring until water content is 20% to 30%, then carrying out granulation and carrying out drying until moisture content is less than 20% so that the biochar-based fertilizer is obtained. The application method comprises applying the biochar-based fertilizer with an effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables to the surface layer of heavy metal cadmium-polluted soil according to a ratio of 200-500kg per mu, applying nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer to the soil, carrying out soil deep plowing and uniform harrowing so that the biochar-based fertilize and the soil are uniformly mixed, wherein the deep plowing depth is 20-30cm, keeping the normal water balance in the field for a week and then planting vegetable crops. The agricultural and forestry wastes are transformed into biochar. The biochar-based fertilizer can reduce soil heavy metal cadmium activity, effectively reduce the heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and improve the quality of vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agrochemical technical field, specifically a kind of to reduce the life that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs
Thing charcoal base manure and application process.
Background technology
Resource and environmental problem are the significant problems that contemporary mankind faces.And the highly developed modern industry of the productivity is produced
Enormous amount, miscellaneous solid waste, particularly agriculture and forestry garbage.China is given birth to straw, timber the like waste
The big country of product, and in the period of considerably long from now in will not change.Using agricultural, forestry waste production charcoal, reduce
Caused environmental pollution, while increase soil fertility causing the common concern of people.
China's heavy metal pollution of soil problem is on the rise, has produced very big threat to the healthy of people.According to
Statistics, Chinese contaminated cultivated area is nearly 1.5 hundred million mu at present, 32,500,000 mu of sewage irrigation pollution arable land, solid waste heap
Deposit occupation of land and ruin 2,000,000 mu of field, it is total to account for more than the 1/10 of total cultivated area, wherein majority concentrates on the more flourishing ground of economy
Area.Annual up to 12,000,000 tons of the grain yield reduced because of soil pollution, direct economic loss is up to more than 200 hundred million yuan.Vegetable is
Indispensable non-staple food in people's daily life. it is also highly important industrial crops.Its heavy metal has certain richness
Collection ability, heavy metal of its accumulation in vivo can give people that class is healthy to bring potentially hazardous after food chain enters people's human body.
At present, the technology that can be used for the pollution of rehabilitating soil cadmium metal is a lot, but the method for inexpensive is actually rare.
Charcoal refers to biomass resource (crop material, woods fruit tree branch, the animal wastes being widely present with nature
Deng) based on, the carbonaceous material for being produced by thermal cracking under anoxic conditions.The phosphorus content of charcoal is 40% 75%, and
Also a small amount of mineral and VOC, charcoal is in alkalescence, and is difficult to be decomposed by environmental microorganism.In addition,
Charcoal is porous mass, and with extremely abundant gap structure and huge specific surface area, these characteristics impart charcoal
With powerful absorption property, therefore charcoal has stronger cation exchange property (big cation exchange capacity (CEC)), therefore, it is raw
Thing charcoal can adsorb the heavy metal element in soil, can effectively slow down heavy metal pollution of soil.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to the defect and deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of vegetable heavy metal cadmium that reduces is inhaled
The charcoal base manure of receipts and application process, by agriculture and forestry organic waste material is become charcoal, the charcoal base manure can reduce soil weight
Cadmium metal activity, effectively reduces the absorption of vegetable heavy metal, improves quality of vegetable.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
It is a kind of to reduce the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, by charcoal with cattle manure, bentonite, starch according to matter
Amount number 100：10～20：2.5～5：1 mixes, and the stirring that adds water is carried out after pelletize to water content 20%～30%, then pelletize
Dry to moisture and be less than 20%.
Further, described charcoal is that agriculture and forestry garbage (biomass) is dried and crushed, in isolation air conditionses
Under, 300 DEG C～800 DEG C are warming up to, this temperature is kept 4～10 hours, charcoal is obtained.
Further, the described charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium, its particle diameter is 3-5mm.
A kind of to reduce the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, its application process is：Vegetable heavy metal will first be reduced
The charcoal base manure of Cd uptake applies the heavy metal cadmium soil for treating planting vegetable according to the amount of application of per mu of 200～500kg
Top layer, then applies azophoska, to soil deep tillage, harrows even, charcoal base manure material is mixed with soil, and the depth ploughed deeply is
20-30cm, planting vegetable crops, other field management and normal agricultural by keeping the normal water balance in field after one week
Production is consistent.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：By agriculture and forestry organic waste material is become charcoal, by itself and cattle manure, bentonite, starch
By a certain amount of mixing, the charcoal base manure for reducing that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs is prepared.The charcoal base manure can reduce soil
Heavy metal cadmium activity, effectively reduces the absorption of vegetable heavy metal, improves quality of vegetable, not only solves agriculture and forestry organic waste material and becomes useless
For treasured, and crops are suppressed to absorb heavy metal in solving the problems, such as agricultural production, with important actual application value, can
It is widely used in the agricultural production of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to apply the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium to the effective cadmium content table of 0-30cm soil；
Fig. 2 is to apply the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium to Plantula Brassicae chinensis absorption heavy metal cadmium content table；
Fig. 3 is to apply the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium to the effective cadmium content table of 0-30cm soil；
Fig. 4 is to apply the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium to Radix Dauci Sativae absorption heavy metal cadmium content table.
Fig. 5 is to apply the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium to the effective cadmium of soil and suppress Fructus Momordicae charantiae to absorb weight
The reference table of cadmium metal.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and it is embodied as
Mode, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain this
Invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is applied to leaf vegetables suppression heavy metal suction
The impact of receipts
For trying soil：The cinnamon soil soil of heavy metal cadmium slight pollution.0-30cm heavy metal-polluted soils are determined, its heavy metal cadmium unit
Cellulose content is 0.42mg/Kg, effective cadmium content 0.08mg/Kg.
For studying thing：Leaf vegetables (Plantula Brassicae chinensis).
Implement operating procedure：First orchard branch is dried, crushed, 300 DEG C are warming up under isolation air conditionses, are kept
This temperature 4 hours, is obtained charcoal；Sieve the charcoal of above-mentioned preparation ground, take 40 mesh charcoal of particle diameter and cattle manure, swollen
Profit soil, starch are according to mass fraction 100：10：2.5：1 mixes, and adds water and stirs to water content 20%, then using disc type pelletize
Machine carries out pelletize, is dried to water content to 20%, the charcoal base manure for reducing that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, its grain is obtained after pelletize
Footpath is 3mm；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium of above-mentioned preparation is applied into the soil of above-mentioned cadmium pollution, is applied
Amount is every mu of 200kg；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer, one is then applied
Quantitative carbamide (containing N46%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (P2O5Content be 44%), potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%), by rotary cultivator to soil
Earth is ploughed deeply (20cm), harrows even, the charcoal base manure that reduction vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs is mixed with soil, keeps field normal water
Balance-dividing after one week can planting vegetable crops, other field management are consistent with normal agricultural production.As a result show：Apply
During with the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium of the present embodiment than not applying charcoal base manure, Cadmium in Soil is effective
Property significantly reduce (referring to Fig. 1), Plantula Brassicae chinensis reduce by 72.8% (referring to Fig. 2), the upperground part biomass to the absorbtivity of Cd heavy metals
Improve 8%.
Embodiment 2：The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is applied to rhizome vegetable suppression heavy metal suction
The impact of receipts
For trying soil：The cinnamon soil soil of heavy metal cadmium intermediate pollution.0-30cm heavy metal-polluted soils are determined, its heavy metal cadmium unit
Cellulose content is 0.65mg/Kg, effective cadmium content 0.16mg/Kg.
For studying thing：Rhizome vegetable (Radix Dauci Sativae).
Implement operating procedure：Dry, crush orchard fat tree dry first, 800 DEG C are warming up under isolation air conditionses, are protected
Hold this temperature 10 hours, charcoal is obtained；Sieve the charcoal of above-mentioned preparation ground, take 100 mesh charcoal of particle diameter and cattle
Excrement, bentonite, starch are according to mass fraction 100：20：5：1 mixes, and adds water and stirs to water content 30%, then using disc type
Comminutor carries out pelletize, is dried to water content to 20%, is reduced the charcoal base manure of vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorption after pelletize,
Its particle diameter is 5mm；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium of above-mentioned preparation is applied into the soil of above-mentioned cadmium pollution,
Amount of application is every mu of 500kg；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer, Ran Houshi
Enter a certain amount of carbamide (containing N46%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (P2O5Content be 44%), potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%), by rotary cultivator
To soil deep tillage (30cm), harrow even, the charcoal base manure that reduction vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs is mixed with soil, just keeping field
Ordinary water balance-dividing after one week can planting vegetable crops, other field management are consistent with normal agricultural production.As a result table
It is bright：When applying the charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium than not applying charcoal base manure, the effectiveness of Cadmium in Soil is notable
Reduce (referring to Fig. 3), Plantula Brassicae chinensis reduce by 66.2% (referring to Fig. 4) to the absorbtivity of Cd heavy metals, the upperground part biomass is improved
10.5%.
Embodiment 3：The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is applied to melon-fruit-like vegetable suppression heavy metal suction
The impact of receipts
For trying soil：The cinnamon soil soil of heavy metal cadmium intermediate pollution.0-30cm heavy metal-polluted soils are determined, its heavy metal cadmium unit
Cellulose content is 0.63mg/Kg, effective cadmium content 0.15mg/Kg.
For studying thing：Fructus Momordicae charantiae (melon and fruit class).
Implement operating procedure：First Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is dried, is crushed, 400 DEG C are warming up under isolation air conditionses, keep this
Temperature 5 hours, is obtained charcoal；Sieve the charcoal of above-mentioned preparation ground, take 60 mesh charcoal of particle diameter and cattle manure, swelling
Soil, starch are according to mass fraction 100：20：5：1 mixes, and then the stirring that adds water is entered using disc-type granulating machine to water content 20%
Row pelletize, is dried after pelletize to water content to 20%, the charcoal base manure for reducing that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs is obtained, and its particle diameter is
3mm；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium of above-mentioned preparation is applied into the soil of above-mentioned cadmium pollution, amount of application is
Every mu of 200kg, 300kg, 400kg, 500kg；The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil
Top layer, then applies a certain amount of carbamide (containing N46%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (P2O5Content be 44%), potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%),
It is even to soil deep tillage (25cm), rake by rotary cultivator, the charcoal base manure that reduction vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs is mixed with soil,
Planting vegetable crops, other field management and normal agricultural production phase one by the normal water balance in field is kept after one week
Cause.As a result show：When Fructus Momordicae charantiae is harvested for the first time, the charcoal base manure ratio for applying the heavy metal cadmium absorption of reduction vegetable does not apply reduction
During the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, the effectiveness of Cadmium in Soil significantly reduces (table 1), in every mu of amount of application 200-
In the range of 500kg, there is reduction trend as amount of application increases the effective cadmium content of soil；And significantly reduce Fructus Momordicae charantiae (melon and fruit class
Vegetable) to Cd Metal uptake amounts, not above limit standard (referring to Fig. 5).
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of spirit or essential attributes without departing substantially from the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as and limit involved claim.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only that those skilled in the art should for clarity
Using description as an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also Jing it is appropriately combined, form those skilled in the art
Understandable other embodiment.
Claims (4)
- It is 1. a kind of to reduce the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, it is characterised in that：By charcoal and cattle manure, bentonite, Starch is according to mass fraction 100：10～20：2.5～5：1 mixes, the stirring that adds water to water content 20%～30%, then pelletize, Dried after pelletize to moisture and be less than 20%.
- 2. the charcoal base manure that a kind of reduction vegetable heavy metal cadmium according to claim 1 absorbs, it is characterised in that：It is described Charcoal be that agriculture and forestry garbage (biomass) is dried and crushed, isolation air conditionses under, be warming up to 300 DEG C～800 DEG C, keep this temperature 4～10 hours, charcoal is obtained.
- 3. the charcoal base manure that a kind of reduction vegetable heavy metal cadmium according to claim 1 absorbs, it is characterised in that：It is described Reduce the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, its particle diameter is 3-5mm.
- 4. a kind of application process for reducing the charcoal base manure that vegetable heavy metal cadmium absorbs, it is characterised in that：Its method is：First The charcoal base manure for reducing the absorption of vegetable heavy metal cadmium is applied according to the amount of application of per mu of 200～500kg and treats planting vegetable Heavy metal cadmium upper soll layer, then applies azophoska, to soil deep tillage, harrows even, charcoal base manure material is mixed with soil Even, the depth ploughed deeply is 20-30cm, planting vegetable crops by keeping the normal water balance in field after a week.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610968174.6A CN106518228A (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Biochar-based fertilizer with effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and application method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610968174.6A CN106518228A (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Biochar-based fertilizer with effect of reducing heavy metal cadmium absorption of vegetables and application method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107497399A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-22 | 广州德隆环境检测技术有限公司 | A kind of charcoal/bentonite composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN108456113A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-08-28 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of charcoal base manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109233866A (en) * | 2018-12-02 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The passivator and restorative procedure of alkalescent soil for cadmium pollution |
| CN110129060A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of charcoal base composite passivant that content of beary metal in Chinese cabbage is effectively reduced and its preparation and method of administration |
| CN115449373A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-09 | 湖北省地质科学研究院(湖北省富硒产业研究院) | Soil conditioner for reducing cadmium content of cadmium-polluted soil and application method thereof |
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| CN102553905A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for remediating cadmium contaminated soil of vegetable field in situ by compounding bio-charcoal and organic fertilizer |
| CN105347907A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-24 | 福建金土地生物科技有限公司 | Biochar-based fertilizer for restoration of heavy metal contamination of arable soil |
| CN105601430A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-25 | 吉林永坤新能源科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing carbon and carbon fertilizers by aid of straw |
| CN105860986A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南金旅环保股份有限公司 | Preparation method of sulfurized modified charcoal soil restoration conditioner |
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| CN102553905A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for remediating cadmium contaminated soil of vegetable field in situ by compounding bio-charcoal and organic fertilizer |
| CN105347907A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-24 | 福建金土地生物科技有限公司 | Biochar-based fertilizer for restoration of heavy metal contamination of arable soil |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108456113A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-08-28 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of charcoal base manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107497399A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-22 | 广州德隆环境检测技术有限公司 | A kind of charcoal/bentonite composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109233866A (en) * | 2018-12-02 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The passivator and restorative procedure of alkalescent soil for cadmium pollution |
| CN110129060A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of charcoal base composite passivant that content of beary metal in Chinese cabbage is effectively reduced and its preparation and method of administration |
| CN115449373A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-09 | 湖北省地质科学研究院(湖北省富硒产业研究院) | Soil conditioner for reducing cadmium content of cadmium-polluted soil and application method thereof |
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