CN105772496A - Farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method - Google Patents
Farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105772496A CN105772496A CN201610131202.9A CN201610131202A CN105772496A CN 105772496 A CN105772496 A CN 105772496A CN 201610131202 A CN201610131202 A CN 201610131202A CN 105772496 A CN105772496 A CN 105772496A
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- heavy metal
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- pig manure
- fertilizer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Abstract
The invention discloses a farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method. When soil is ploughed before crops are sown, a soil heavy metal blocking and controlling agent composed of thoroughly-decomposed pig manure compost, straw biomass charcoal and phosphatic fertilizer is evenly scattered. The usage amount of the straw biomass charcoal is 1 kg/m<2>, the usage amount of the thoroughly decomposed pig manure compost is 2 kg/m<2>, and the usage amount of the phosphatic fertilizer is 0.2 kg/m<2>. The phosphatic fertilizer is calcium superphosphate. The farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method is favorable for reducing the absorption of heavy metal (Cd and Pb) by crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metal species resistance control technology and a matching method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed that mainly utilizes, the farmland soil heavy metals resistance control technology of stalk biomass charcoal and phosphate fertilizer proportioning according to a certain percentage composition and use thereof.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of Chinese society economy, people's living standard constantly promotes, and meanwhile, due to the unreasonable not science of part producing development, also brings problems.In these problems especially comparatively prominent with environmental problem, it has also become the hot issue of current global concern, the such as soil contamination problem of everybody common concern.General soil pollution, pollutes and atmospheric pollution compared to water, can with the naked eye not observe directly.Due to the multicomponent of soil environment, multimedium, heterogencity and the characteristic such as complicated and changeable, cause that administering of soil pollution is more difficult compared to the improvement of other environmental problems.Soil Environmental Pollution makes productivity's degradation in a large amount of fertile soil, compromises the health of relevant ecological system.Serious heavy metal pollution of soil can suppress the growth of crops, reduces the quality of agricultural product, even results in its withered death.The agricultural product of some areas occur in that taste taste bad or the phenomenon not easily stored due to the impact by heavy metal pollution of soil.Particularly those are contaminated, be enriched the agricultural product of a certain amount of heavy metal, enter in human body or animal body upon food chain, can serious threat human and livestock health, cause cancer or other diseases.By changing tradition the planting patterns adopting some scientific and reasonable; such as applications of farmyard manure, green manure; or add the resistance control agent of some heavy metals; both a degree of reparation can be carried out by heavy metal contaminated soil; standard compliant food can be produced again; entered by food chain in human body and animal body thus blocking or weakening pollutant; reduce the infringement that human and livestock health is caused; the protection of land resource can also be promoted and make full use of that agricultural sustainable development is had highly important realistic meaning simultaneously.
Stalk biomass charcoal (rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk etc.) except there is the advantages such as the high adsorption capacity of Carbon Materials, stable chemical nature and regeneration capacity are strong, it also has pore structure, the high-specific surface area of prosperity, stablizes aromatic structure and abundant surface functional group, and these features make biomass carbon be with a wide range of applications in energy and environment field；The pig manure become thoroughly decomposed is a kind of organic fertilizer, and contained nutrient substance is abundanter, and and fertilizer efficiency length stablize, may advantageously facilitate the formation of the solid kernel structure of soil, soil water-retaining, insulation can be increased, breathe freely, the ability of fertilizer conservation；Hydroxyapatite, ground phosphate rock and water solublity, citrate acid soluble phosphatic fertilizer etc. also all can reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal-polluted soil.
At present, the chemical fertilizer used before conventional crop sowing is mainly compound fertilizer, and life-time service chemical fertilizer can make P in soil h value decline, and then heavy metal in activating soil.
There are the crop harvestings such as substantial amounts of Oryza sativa L., Semen Maydis, Semen Tritici aestivi in annual China, and the straw of its generation is burned in a lot of places, pollutant atmosphere.Consider these agricultural crop straws are prepared into biomass carbon, it is possible to reduce crop straw burning, economize on resources and clean environment firendly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of farmland soil heavy metals resistance prosecutor method, the invention belongs to the ambulant resistance control technology that can weaken heavy metal.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of farmland soil heavy metals resistance prosecutor method, during Soil tillage before carrying out crop seeding, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields heavy metal-polluted soil resistance be made up of the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, stalk biomass charcoal and phosphate fertilizer and controls agent；
The consumption that makes of described stalk biomass charcoal is 1kg/m2, described in become thoroughly decomposed pig manure make consumption 2kg/m2；Phosphate fertilizer makes consumption be 0.2kg/m2。
Improvement as the farmland soil heavy metals resistance prosecutor method of the present invention: described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate.
In the present invention, the preparation method of stalk biomass charcoal is: by air-dry for straw (rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk etc.) rear (moisture≤10%, this % is weight %), fire under 500～600 DEG C of oxygen free conditions 2～3 hours and form.
The pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed is that pig manure carries out fermentation maturity under ventilation condition, particularly as follows: at 55-65 DEG C of high temperature bottom fermentation, within every 2-4 days, stir once, until color becomes sepia, basic odorless, temperature is close to room temperature.
In the present invention, biomass carbon can improve Soil structure, Adsorption of Heavy Metals, pig manure can provide abundant organic matter, promoting plant growing, also have the ability of Adsorption of Heavy Metals, phosphate fertilizer can change effective form of Pb, reducing biological activity, three hinders prosecutor mask in heavy metal mutual synergism.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) material composition component is less, can reduce raw material and select and purchase freight, reduce the input of financial resources human cost, improve product profit；
(2) straw of the present invention and pig manure are common organic waste, and rural area, the whole nation all has and hoards in a large number, and quantity is relatively big, can gather materials on the spot, convenient transportation；
(3) cheap, material therefor is modal phosphate fertilizer, straw and pig manure etc., and procurement cost is relatively low, it is simple to popularization and application；
(4) there is environment-friendly function, utilize straw and the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, reduce the burning of straw, promote that agricultural organic waste utilizes, slow down environmental pollution；
(5) stalk biomass Carbon Materials and compost are a kind of organic fertilizers, can increase the ability of soil water-retaining, insulation, ventilative, fertilizer conservation；
(6) being conducive to food safety, the resistance control agent of this heavy metal can reduce the absorption of crops heavy metal (Cd, Pb)；
(7) being conducive to the utilization of land resource, the resistance control agent of this heavy metal weakens the heavy metal (Cd, Pb) mobility in soil, it is possible to makes full use of mild or moderate heavy metal pollution farmland production and goes out to meet the crop of food safety.
The present invention by common straw, become thoroughly decomposed pig manure and phosphate fertilizer is applied in heavy metal resistance control technology; advantageously reduce the absorption of crops heavy metal (Cd, Pb), and improve the level of comprehensive utilization of natural resources and land resource, promote recycling and the protection of natural environment of garbage.Market prospective has a extensive future: the demand of the resistance control technology of (1) heavy metal pollution area heavy metal strengthens gradually, utilize the heavy metal resistance control agent that garbage produces can reach to save heavy metal-polluted soil rehabilitation cost, reduce the content of heavy metal in crops, be beneficial to food safety；(2) soil of mild or moderate heavy metal pollution is used for agricultural production, harmless crop can be produced；(3) adopt agricultural crop straw and pig manure garbage to change into heavy metal resistance control agent, make agricultural wastes obtain recycling treatment and recycle.
In sum, the method for the heavy metal resistance control agent material formed with phosphate fertilizer, straw biomass charcoal and pig manure provided by the present invention, there is the advance of actual operability, the feature of environmental protection and invention.While reducing the absorption of crops heavy metal, decrease processing cost and the risk of environmental pollution of agricultural wastes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the impacts on Heavy Metal Content in Vegetables of 9 kinds of various combinations；
In figure:
The content of Cd in 1-1 fire green grass or young crops, the content of Cd in the black major part of 1-2,
The content of Pb in 1-3 fire green grass or young crops, the content of Pb in the black major part of 1-4.
Fig. 2 variance test result (average ratio is relatively).
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, further the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to that.
The using method of embodiment 1, heavy metal resistance control agent
Before carrying out Soil tillage, it is added biomass carbon (stalk biomass charcoal), phosphate fertilizer (calcium superphosphate), compost (become thoroughly decomposed pig manure).Add these materials to adopt and spread fertilizer over the fields respectively, it is also possible to these three material is carried out mix homogeneously and spreads fertilizer over the fields.In the process of spreading fertilizer over the fields, must spreading fertilizer over the fields uniformly, otherwise effect is likely to just not very good.Other make consumption and using method such as nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and the implantation methods of crops should be identical with local planting habit.It should be noted that ploughing soil carries out Planting Crops sowing again after 2-5 days as far as possible.
Embodiment 2, biomass carbon (stalk biomass charcoal), phosphate fertilizer (calcium superphosphate), compost (become thoroughly decomposed pig manure) different ratio combination contrast test:
First, adopting Orthogonal Experiment and Design, plan design is as follows:
Factor: resistance control agent: biomass carbon (C), calcium superphosphate (P), compost (D)
Vegetable variety: the blue or green black major part of 91-5C, great Ye of fire
It is horizontally disposed with:
Wherein the amount of biomass carbon is the 0kg/m of plantation community soil2、1kg/m2、2kg/m2；Calcium superphosphate makes consumption be 0kg/m2、0.1kg/m2、0.2kg/m2；Compost makes consumption be 0kg/m2、1kg/m2、2kg/m2。
Growing vegetables and resistance control agent combined administration are arranged:
Rice straw biomass carbon (C), calcium superphosphate (P), the Orthogonal Experiment and Design (L9 (3 of pig manure (D) resistance control agent4))
Result of the test is shown in Fig. 1, and as can be seen from Figure 1 no matter for the heavy metal Cd in fire green grass or young crops or Pb, (consumption that makes of phosphate fertilizer is 0.2kg/m in combination 32, the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed make consumption be soil weight 1%, without stalk biomass charcoal) combine at these 9 kinds in resistance control effect best, the particularly effect to Pb.No matter for the heavy metal Cd in black major part or Pb, (consumption that makes of phosphate fertilizer is 0.2kg/m in combination 62, stalk biomass charcoal make consumption be soil weight 0.5%, without the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed) combine at these 9 kinds in resistance control effect better, the particularly effect to Pb.
In order to obtain stalk biomass charcoal, black major part is absorbed the best of breed of heavy metal Cd and Pb by phosphate fertilizer and pig manure these three resistance control agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and selects average ratio relatively to carry out variance analysis the data of Cd and the Pb in black major part respectively.
Experimental result is figure it is seen that fire major part blue or green, black is different to the reaction overall variation adding consumption of stalk biomass charcoal, phosphate fertilizer and the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed to the cumulant of Cd and Pb, it was shown that three kinds exist certain reciprocal action.From general trend aspect, for the black major part absorbtivity to Cd and Pb, the optimum combination of three kinds of resistance control agent are identical.
Experiment 1, in the soil (that is, after testing, the content of heavy metal Cd is the content of 0.05mg/kg, Pb is 2000mg/kg) that heavy metal pollution degree is medium Planting Crops fire green grass or young crops 91-5C.
Concrete mode is as follows:
1), sow April, within 5 days, carry out Soil tillage prior to seeding；Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields before turning over by the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the heavy metal-polluted soil resistance control agent of stalk biomass charcoal and phosphate fertilizer composition；
The consumption that makes of described stalk biomass charcoal is 1kg/m2, described in the become thoroughly decomposed consumption that makes of pig manure be 2kg/m2；Phosphate fertilizer makes consumption be 0.2kg/m2。
2), other make consumption and using method and the same usual manner of implantation methods of crops such as nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer.
3) the 90th day results, after planting, after testing, in the blue or green 91-5C of this fire, the content that content is 0.0092mg/kg, Pb of metal Cd is 0.038mg/kg.
Contrast experiment 1-1,
Will experiment 1 step 1) within 5 days, carry out Soil tillage prior to seeding, the fertilising then according to usual manner carries out turning over.
The 90th day results after planting, after testing, in the blue or green 91-5C of this fire, the content that content is 0.02mg/kg, Pb of metal Cd is 0.17mg/kg.
Contrast experiment 1-2,
By in experiment 1, " consumption that makes of stalk biomass charcoal is 1kg/m2, described in the become thoroughly decomposed consumption that makes of pig manure be 2kg/m2" make into " and stalk biomass charcoal make consumption 2kg/m2, described in become thoroughly decomposed pig manure make consumption be soil weight 1kg/m2", all the other are equal to experiment 1.
The 90th day results after planting, after testing, in the blue or green 91-5C of this fire, the content that content is 0.012mg/kg, Pb of metal Cd is 0.06mg/kg.
Finally, in addition it is also necessary to be only several specific embodiments of the present invention it is noted that listed above.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to above example, it is also possible to there are many deformation.All deformation that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive from present disclosure or associate, are all considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. farmland soil heavy metals resistance prosecutor method, is characterized in that: during Soil tillage before carrying out crop seeding, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields heavy metal-polluted soil resistance be made up of the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, stalk biomass charcoal and phosphate fertilizer and controls agent；
The consumption that makes of described stalk biomass charcoal is 1kg/m2, described in become thoroughly decomposed pig manure make consumption 2kg/m2；Phosphate fertilizer makes consumption be 0.2kg/m2。
2. farmland soil heavy metals according to claim 1 resistance prosecutor method, is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610131202.9A CN105772496A (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2016-03-09 | Farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method |
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| CN201610131202.9A CN105772496A (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2016-03-09 | Farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106825026A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of method that modified biomass charcoal and its resistance control heavy metal are accumulated in vegetables body |
| CN107557015A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent and its application method |
| CN110721995A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-24 | 云南中钛科技有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN110814011A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏中煤长江生态环境科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic compost for treating heavy metal pollution of farmland |
| CN111778039A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 浙江省地质调查院 | Preparation of calcined biochar type conditioner and application method of conditioner |
| CN112342025A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江大学 | Compost composite modifier for Pb-polluted soil passivation remediation, method and application |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106825026A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of method that modified biomass charcoal and its resistance control heavy metal are accumulated in vegetables body |
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| CN110721995A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-24 | 云南中钛科技有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN110721995B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-10-27 | 云南中钛科技有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN110814011A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏中煤长江生态环境科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic compost for treating heavy metal pollution of farmland |
| CN111778039A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-16 | 浙江省地质调查院 | Preparation of calcined biochar type conditioner and application method of conditioner |
| CN112342025A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江大学 | Compost composite modifier for Pb-polluted soil passivation remediation, method and application |
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Application publication date: 20160720 |