CN104263374A - Soil heavy metal compound stabilizer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Soil heavy metal compound stabilizer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104263374A CN104263374A CN201410486233.7A CN201410486233A CN104263374A CN 104263374 A CN104263374 A CN 104263374A CN 201410486233 A CN201410486233 A CN 201410486233A CN 104263374 A CN104263374 A CN 104263374A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil heavy metal compound stabilizer and an application method thereof. The soil heavy metal compound stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50%-80% of organic substances, 16%-40% of a phosphorus fertilizer and 4%-16% of a nitrogen fertilizer. The application method of the soil heavy metal compound stabilizer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the soil heavy metal compound stabilizer with soil polluted by virtue of heavy metals at a mass ratio of 1:(5-8) and treating for 15 days. Due to the soil heavy metal compound stabilizer, the application of the stabilizer formed by combination of the organic substances, the phosphorus fertilizer and the nitrogen fertilizer in remediation and ecological restoration of the soil polluted by heavy metals is achieved, not only can the heavy metals in the soil be passivated and stabilized, but also the soil-fertilizing effect can be achieved, the damage to properties of the soil is reduced as possible so as to be conductive to recycling the soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, be mainly concerned with a kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer and using method thereof.
Background technology
Soil is that the mankind depend on for existence the basis of activity, but environmental pollution and ecological damage increasingly serious, the harm that the illegal dumping of Qujing of Yunnan chromium slag, cadmium rice event, blood lead event etc. are brought by heavy metal contamination common all reports in recent years, heavy metal pollution of soil has become one of common problem received much attention in soil pollution.
Common remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil mainly contains several large class methods such as physics, chemistry, biology, agricultural regulation and control.Wherein, chemical passivation/technique for fixing has the features such as suitability is wide, treatment capacity large, instant effect, Be very effective, is thus used widely.At present, the material being commonly used for heavy metal deactivator/stablizer has natural clay mineral, organic matter, phosphorus containg substances, lime etc., by regulating and changing the physico-chemical property of heavy metal in soil and form, utilize the principles such as absorption, precipitation, ion-exchange, chelating/complexing, heavy metal stable curing in soil is got off, thus alleviates the biological effectiveness of heavy metal.But still there is following problem in passivating technique: the stabilising effect of (1) natural clay mineral heavy metal is slightly weak; (2) phosphorus containg substances has certain selectivity, different to the passivation effect of heavy metal different in soil; (3) secondary pollution problem, the too much interpolation of such as phosphorus containg substances easily causes the loss of phosphorus, brings secondary pollution; A large amount of uses of lime cause soil compaction, destroy original physico-chemical property etc.
Therefore, administering heavy-metal composite pollution soil need select all effective passivator of each target contaminant, by carrying out the composite passivation strengthening single passivating material to multiple material, and the environmental risk of secondary pollution can be reduced according to the passivation effect of different passivator heavy metal and mechanism.
Large quantity research shows, adds the organic heavy metal that can be used in passivation soil in contaminated soil.Conventional has green manure, brown coal, cultivation excrement thing, organic compost, the peat composed of rotten mosses and crop material etc.As effective heavy metal complexing agent, organic substance can by forming insoluble petal-organic double compound, increasing Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils (CEC), reduce water-soluble state and the exchangeable species component of heavy metal in soil, thus reduce its plant availability.The nutritive ingredients such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are rich in bacterium slag (after edible fungus culturing remaining substratum) and natural decomposed cow dung; also there is the microflora of substantial amounts; a large amount of carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphoryl, phenolic group isoreactivity group is there is on the surface of bacterium slag and decomposed cow dung; there are strong wetting ability, adsorptivity, ion exchangeable etc.; can with soil in enliven the reactions such as state heavy metal ion generation ion-exchange, absorption, complexing, thus reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal ion.Bacterium slag is as a kind of agricultural solid waste, and Manufacture and application relative inexpensiveness, and wide material sources, have larger application potential in heavy-metal contaminated soil improvement.
Calcium superphosphate and ammonium sulfate are also current modal phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer.The heavy metal-passivated mechanism of phosphorus containg substances be phosphorus by with heavy metal generation ion-exchange, absorption, precipitation/co-precipitation, even form movability and biological effectiveness that the various ways such as pyromorphite class mineral reduce P in soil b.Ammonium sulfate is as a kind of ammonium fertilizer, agriculturally be commonly used to regulate soil pH, its active group be rich in (amino) can be utilized as the complexings such as ligand and heavy metal element Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe or chelating to weaken the biological effectiveness of heavy metal in soil.
In recent years, the edible fungus culturing of China is more and more extensively changed, mass-producing, the result of its concentrated large-scale production be namely cause harvesting after edible fungi residue discarded in a large number, its process becomes a difficult problem, and causes the environmental problem that can not be ignored.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, achieve the improvement and the ecological recovery that organic, phosphate fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer are combined as stablizer and are used for heavy-metal contaminated soil, both the heavy metal passivation in soil can be stablized, the effect of fertile soil can be reached again, reduce the destruction to soil property as far as possible, be conducive to the recycling of soil.Meanwhile, can also rehabilitation cost be reduced, achieve the recycling of solid waste, reach the doulbe-sides' victory object of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".Two of object of the present invention is the using method providing soil heavy metal combined stablizer, test of many times is carried out for soil heavy metal combined stablizer provided by the present invention, find the rational using dosage of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, thus ensure that the minimum usage quantity of application reaches the soil that best process is subject to heavy metal contamination, realize the Appropriate application of natural resources.
To achieve these goals with some other objects, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: organic substance 50-80%, phosphate fertilizer 16-40% and nitrogenous fertilizer 4-16%.
Preferably, by mass percentage, following component is comprised: organic substance 80%, phosphate fertilizer 16% and nitrogenous fertilizer 4%.
Preferably, described organic substance is any one in natural decomposed cow dung or bacterium slag, and described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, and described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, described decomposed cow dung is the cow dung in natural situation become thoroughly decomposed, and air-dry pulverizing rear mistake 20 mesh sieve is for subsequent use.
Preferably, described bacterium slag is regulate water content to be 55% the substratum be left after edible fungus culturing, and keep evenly loosening, compost fermentation process under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, the described compost of air-dry rear mixing also pulverized 40 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.
A using method for soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, described soil heavy metal combined stablizer 1: 5 ~ 8 is mixed process 15 days in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination.
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stablizer 1: 7 ~ 8 is mixed process 15 days in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination.
Preferably, soil humidity is kept to be 20 ~ 60% to after adding soil heavy metal combined stablizer in the soil of heavy metal contamination.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) principal character of soil heavy metal combined stablizer of the present invention be Appropriate application decomposed cow dung, bacterium slag, calcium superphosphate and ammonium sulfate is to the respective action principle of the heavy metals such as copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, has given full play to the multi-functional of three class materials.Through bacterium slag+calcium superphosphate+ammonium sulfate one package stabilizer Passivation Treatment after 15 days, the Leaching concentration of the zinc in soil, copper, lead, cadmium respectively from 464.00,332.50,363.50,1.61mg/L drops to 302.90,43.86,0.42,0.75mg/L, stabilization efficiency is respectively 31.78%, 85.23%, 99.88%, 52.94%.And effect is along with the consumption of one package stabilizer, the increasing of passivation reaction time and significantly strengthening, and has very big application value in vast heavy metal contamination area.
(2) the heavy metal passivation in soil not only can be stablized by soil heavy metal combined stablizer of the present invention, and the material environment friendly adopted is stronger, can raising soil organic matter content by a relatively large margin and cation exchange capacity, reach the object of fertile soil.
(3) heavy metal ion in the polluted soil of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer treatment of the present invention can be converted into the heavy metal-organic complex of comparatively stable subcarbonate, precipitation of hydroxide thing, phosphate mineral and indissoluble, thus weakens the biological activity of heavy metal.
(4) soil heavy metal combined stablizer raw material sources of the present invention are extensively easy to get, and preparation and application is simple, and rehabilitation cost is low, achieves the recycling to agricultural refuse, reach the doulbe-sides' victory object of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: natural decomposed cow dung 80%, calcium phosphate 16% and sulfuric acid 4%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: bacterium slag 80%, calcium phosphate 16% and sulfuric acid 4%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: natural decomposed cow dung 70%, calcium phosphate 23% and sulfuric acid 8%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: bacterium slag 70%, calcium phosphate 22% and sulfuric acid 8%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: natural decomposed cow dung 60%, calcium phosphate 28% and sulfuric acid 12%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: bacterium slag 60%, calcium phosphate 28% and sulfuric acid 12%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: natural decomposed cow dung 50%, calcium phosphate 34% and sulfuric acid 16%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprise following component: bacterium slag 50%, calcium phosphate 34% and sulfuric acid 16%.
Embodiment 9
A kind of using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer is in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination mixed and keep soil humidity be 20% at 1: 5 by described soil heavy metal combined stablizer, processes 15 days.
Wherein, decomposed cow dung is the cow dung in natural situation become thoroughly decomposed, and air-dry pulverizing rear mistake 20 mesh sieve is for subsequent use.Bacterium slag is regulate water content to be 55% the substratum be left after edible fungus culturing, and keep evenly loosening, compost fermentation process under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, the described compost of air-dry rear mixing also pulverized 40 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.
Embodiment 10
A kind of using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer is in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination mixed and keep soil humidity be 40% at 1: 8 by described soil heavy metal combined stablizer, processes 15 days.
Wherein, decomposed cow dung is the cow dung in natural situation become thoroughly decomposed, and air-dry pulverizing rear mistake 20 mesh sieve is for subsequent use.Bacterium slag is regulate water content to be 55% the substratum be left after edible fungus culturing, and keep evenly loosening, compost fermentation process under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, the described compost of air-dry rear mixing also pulverized 40 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.
Embodiment 11
A kind of using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer is in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination mixed and keep soil humidity be 60% at 1: 6.5 by described soil heavy metal combined stablizer, processes 15 days.
Wherein, decomposed cow dung is the cow dung in natural situation become thoroughly decomposed, and air-dry pulverizing rear mistake 20 mesh sieve is for subsequent use.Bacterium slag is regulate water content to be 55% the substratum be left after edible fungus culturing, and keep evenly loosening, compost fermentation process under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, the described compost of air-dry rear mixing also pulverized 40 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.
In laboratory conditions, the heavy-metal contaminated soil one package stabilizer of above-described embodiment 1 is combined with the using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer, and controlled trial is set, detect heavy-metal contaminated soil one package stabilizer and process being subject to contaminated soil:
Embodiment 12:
(1) preparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil one package stabilizer: the 1. preparation of bacterium slag: selecting the bacterium slag after compost fermentation, air-dry to pulverize 40 mesh sieves for subsequent use; 2. according to 80% bacterium slag, the calcium superphosphate of 16%, three kinds of components mix by the ammonium sulfate of 4%, stir, make soil heavy metal combined stablizer;
And mixing with soil (2): by one package stabilizer with by heavy-metal contaminated soil according to mass ratio 1: 8 mixing and stirring, keep soil moisture content to be 40%, establish one not add the experiment of passivator material to control treatment simultaneously;
(3) passivation reaction: through reaction in 15 days, the heavy metal in contaminated soil was stablized, and its Leaching concentration is in table 1.After the soil heavy metal combined stabilizer treatment of table 1 data presentation, the stabilization efficiency of ZINC IN SOIL, copper, lead, cadmium, arsenic is respectively 31.78%, 85.23%, 99.88%, 52.94%
Toxicity leaching concentration mg/L before and after the passivation of table 1 heavy metal in soil
Embodiment 13:
(1) preparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil Organic-inorganic composite stablizer: the 1. preparation of natural decomposed cow dung: the cow dung after selecting nature to become thoroughly decomposed is air-dry, and to pulverize 40 mesh sieves for subsequent use; 2. according to 80% decomposed cow dung, the calcium superphosphate of 16%, three kinds of materials mix by the ammonium sulfate of 4%, stir, make soil heavy metal combined stablizer;
And mixing with soil (2): by one package stabilizer with by heavy-metal contaminated soil according to mass ratio 1: 5 mixing and stirring, keep soil moisture content to be 40%, establish one not add the experiment of passivator material to control treatment simultaneously;
(3) passivation reaction: through reaction in 15 days, the heavy metal in contaminated soil was stablized, and its Leaching concentration is in table 2.78.97%, 73.35%, 98.96%, 21.29% is respectively by the stabilization efficiency of ZINC IN SOIL, copper, lead, cadmium, arsenic after the known soil heavy metal combined stabilizer treatment of table 2 data.
Toxicity leaching concentration mg/L before and after the passivation of table 2 heavy metal in soil
In conjunction with the embodiments 12 and 13, organic matter effectively can reduce heavy metal in soil Leaching concentration in conjunction with phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, and dosage is more conducive to more greatly the stable of heavy metal.
Copper, lead, zinc, cadmium is mainly by the heavy metal in the soil of heavy metal contamination.Carry out leaching experiment according to " solid waste Leaching leaching method sulfonitric method " (HJ/T 299-2007), cut down according to the concentration of infusion solution heavy metal the stabilization efficiency that degree passes judgment on one package stabilizer heavy metal.Soil environment quality after reparation reaches the requirement of country " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-2007).
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification sheets and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and shown here embodiment.
Claims (8)
1. a soil heavy metal combined stablizer, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprises following component: organic substance 50-80%, phosphate fertilizer 16-40% and nitrogenous fertilizer 4-16%.
2. soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, comprises following component: organic substance 80%, phosphate fertilizer 16% and nitrogenous fertilizer 4%.
3. soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described organic substance is any one in natural decomposed cow dung or bacterium slag, and described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, and described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate.
4. soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described decomposed cow dung is the cow dung in natural situation become thoroughly decomposed, and air-dry pulverizing rear mistake 20 mesh sieve is for subsequent use.
5. soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described bacterium slag is regulate water content to be 55% the substratum be left after edible fungus culturing, keep evenly loose, compost fermentation process under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, the described compost of air-dry rear mixing also pulverized 40 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.
6. a using method for soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described soil heavy metal combined stablizer 1: 5 ~ 8 is mixed process 15 days in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination.
7. the using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 6,1: 7 ~ 8 mixes process 15 days by described soil heavy metal combined stablizer in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal contamination.
8. the using method of soil heavy metal combined stablizer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, keeps soil humidity to be 20 ~ 60% to after adding soil heavy metal combined stablizer in the soil of heavy metal contamination.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN105295941A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 辛衷瑜 | Plant remains deactivator for passivating heavy metals in micropowder soil |
| CN105772496A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Farmland soil heavy metal blocking and controlling method |
| CN105820821A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-03 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Lead-zinc combined contaminated soil immobilizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106734123A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞中科土壤科技开发有限公司 | A kind of composite conditioner repaired for heavy metal polluted soil of farmland and preparation method thereof |
| CN107936981A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Soil heavy metal combined passivator and preparation method thereof, application method and application |
| CN108373391A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-08-07 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | It is a kind of to drop cadmium organic fertilizer and preparation method and application by the flue-cured tobacco of matrix of cow dung |
| CN108976074A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-12-11 | 浙江瑞美生态建设股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil passivation renovation agent and its restorative procedure |
| CN112266069A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 西安工程大学 | Heavy metal ion compound stabilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114367532A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 云南农业大学 | Method for improving lead-zinc ore waste land and promoting plant reconstruction by adopting phosphogypsum and bacterial slag |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105295941A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 辛衷瑜 | Plant remains deactivator for passivating heavy metals in micropowder soil |
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| CN106734123A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞中科土壤科技开发有限公司 | A kind of composite conditioner repaired for heavy metal polluted soil of farmland and preparation method thereof |
| CN107936981A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Soil heavy metal combined passivator and preparation method thereof, application method and application |
| CN108976074A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-12-11 | 浙江瑞美生态建设股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil passivation renovation agent and its restorative procedure |
| CN112266069A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 西安工程大学 | Heavy metal ion compound stabilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114367532A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 云南农业大学 | Method for improving lead-zinc ore waste land and promoting plant reconstruction by adopting phosphogypsum and bacterial slag |
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