CN106509486A - Crucian carp feed capable of preventing and treating branchia hyperemia disease and preparation method of crucian carp feed - Google Patents
Crucian carp feed capable of preventing and treating branchia hyperemia disease and preparation method of crucian carp feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106509486A CN106509486A CN201610937442.8A CN201610937442A CN106509486A CN 106509486 A CN106509486 A CN 106509486A CN 201610937442 A CN201610937442 A CN 201610937442A CN 106509486 A CN106509486 A CN 106509486A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crucian carp feed capable of preventing and treating a branchia hyperemia disease and a preparation method of the crucian carp feed, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of the crucian carp feed. The crucian carp feed is prepared from the following main raw materials of trash fish powder, corn protein powder, soybean flour, rice bran, yellow rapeseed meal, wheat bran powder, bentonite, radix isatidis, croton fruits, heartleaf houttuynia herbs, garlic, pumpkin seeds, chinaberry bark, common andrographis herbs, common cnidium fruits, radix sophorae flavescentis, Chinese galls, macleaya cordata, akebia stems, cyrtomium rhizomes, dioscorea zingiberensis, trehalose, propolis and calcium dihydrogen phosphate. According to the crucian carp feed disclosed by the invention, the bentonite is added, so that the production efficiency of a granulator can be effectively improved; Chinese herbal medicine substances having effects of resisting bacteria and killing insects and a natural antibacterial agent are added, so that pathogenic bacteria and pests of the branchia hyperemia disease can be effectively prevented and treated; effective components in Chinese herbal medicine substances are extracted by an ethanol backwashing method, so that the extraction rate is high. The crucian carp feed disclosed by the invention is rich in nutrition, can be used for effectively preventing and treating the branchia hyperemia disease of crucian carps and reducing the breeding risk of the crucian carps, and is worth popularization and application.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to crucian carp feed preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of crucian carp feed and system of the bright red gill disease of preventing and treating
Preparation Method.
【Background technology】
Bright red gill disease is a kind of common, very harmful fish diseasess during crucian cultivation, once morbidity, can cause Carassius auratuss
Mortality, economic loss is serious.The bright red gill disease disease time of Carassius auratuss is the 5-6 months, and water temperature 20-28 DEG C is onset peak period.
Sick fish disease symptom is that fish body is black and thin without bleeding, and exophthalmos, fin tip turn white, and fish gill mucus is more, enlargement, in cerise,
The pathogenesis etiology of the bright red gill disease of Carassius auratuss mainly has dactylogyrider, the Trichodina or oblique tube insect long-time infringement fish gill, causes cheek silk bleeding,
Dyspnea, causes fish liver, gallbladder function to be damaged, and sick fish does not ingest；Water quality deterioration, pathogenic bacteria and harmful algae it is many, water body is muddy, makes
Adult fish long-time rotten cheek；Inappropriate medication, using the stronger medicine of toxicity, or arbitrarily escalated dose, cause fish hepato-biliary function to damage.Mesh
Before, for bright red gill disease is mainly prevented and treated using chemicalses, but to severe water pollution, and fish body has medicine residual
Stay, reduce the edibility of edible fish, it is larger to human health damage.
The disclosure of the invention of Publication No. CN104222696B " for treating feedstuff and the pharmaceutical preparation of fish gill rot ", it is former
Material includes fish flour, bean cake, cottonseed meal, dalcium biphosphate, soybean oil, Semen Tritici aestivi, vitamin premix, mineral substance premix and is used to control
Treat the pharmaceutical preparation of fish gill rot.The pharmaceutical preparation of the fish meal adopts Chinese medicine ingredients, and active ingredient is high, impurity is few, with nothing
Residual, the advantage such as pollution-free, toxic and side effects are little, but fish gill rot is treated using pure Chinese herbal medicine thing, not only Chinese herb medicine usage amount
Greatly, high cost, and therapeutic effect is often not ideal.
The disclosure of the invention of Publication No. CN101961034B " a kind of medicine for treating fish gill-rot diseases ", raw material include crow
The liana certain kind of berries, Herba Andrographis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Folium Sapii, tail Folium Pini, isoniazid, overcome vaccinate and simple Chinese herbal medicine lack
Point, dispenser are easy, do not result in water pollution, but it is antibacterial action that the Chinese herbal medicine in raw material primarily serves, rotten to causing
The sick dactylogyrider of the gill, Trichodina and oblique tube insect are not targetedly effectively prevented and treated, and isoniazid is mainly to tubercule bacillus
There are suppression and killing action, using excessively easily developing immunity to drugs, and with stronger hepatotoxicity, be unfavorable for the strong of Fish
Kang Shengchang.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of is primary raw material by vegetable protein, is adopted
Efficient alcohol reflux technology extracts the effective ingredient in antibacterial parasite killing Chinese herbal medicine, organically combines with natural antibacterial agent and makes
Into a kind of preventing and treating bright red gill disease crucian carp feed, dactylogyrider, Trichodina, oblique tube insect and the various causes to causing bright red gill disease
Pathogenic bacteria have targetedly, efficient killing action, reduce crucian cultivation risk, improve its cultured output.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Trash fish powder 5-15 parts, Semen Maydiss
Egg albumen powder 2-10 parts, Semen sojae atricolor powder 15-35 parts, Testa oryzae 10-30 parts, dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice 10-26 parts, Testa Tritici 6-18 parts, bentonite
0.8-3.2 parts, Radix Isatidis 8-28 parts, Fructus Crotonis 5-15 parts, Herba Houttuyniae 10-30 parts, Bulbus Allii 2-12 parts, Semen Cucurbitae 2-14 parts, Melia azedarach L.
Skin 10-22 parts, Herba Andrographis 9-21 parts, Fructus Cnidii 8-16 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss 7-21 parts, Galla Chinensiss 8-22 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 15-35 part, wood
Logical 7-17 parts, Rhizoma Osmundae 4-16 part, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 5-15 parts, trehalose 0.1-0.7 parts, propolis 0.5-1.5 parts, dalcium biphosphate 1-
3 parts；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, and trash fish powder is formed for little fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts.
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Trash fish powder 8-12 parts, Semen Maydiss
Egg albumen powder 4-8 parts, Semen sojae atricolor powder 20-30 parts, Testa oryzae 15-25 parts, dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice 15-21 parts, Testa Tritici 9-15 parts, bentonite 1.5-
2.5 parts, Radix Isatidis 15-21 parts, Fructus Crotonis 8-12 parts, Herba Houttuyniae 15-25 parts, Bulbus Allii 5-9 parts, Semen Cucurbitae 5-11 parts, Cortex Meliae 13-
19 parts, Herba Andrographis 12-18 parts, Fructus Cnidii 10-14 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss 11-17 parts, Galla Chinensiss 12-18 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 20-30 part, Caulis Akebiae
9-15 parts, Rhizoma Osmundae 7-13 part, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 8-12 parts, trehalose 0.3-0.5 parts, propolis 0.8-1.2 parts, dalcium biphosphate 1.5-
2.5 part；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, trash fish powder is little fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts and
Into.
Preferably, a kind of crucian carp feed of the bright red gill disease of preventing and treating, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Trash fish powder 10
Part, 6 parts of Zein powder, 25 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 20 parts of Testa oryzae, 18 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, 12 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of bentonite, Radix Isatidis
18 parts, 10 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 20 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 7 parts of Bulbus Allii, 8 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 16 parts of Cortex Meliae, 15 parts of Herba Andrographis, 12 parts of Fructus Cnidii,
14 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 15 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 25 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 12 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 10 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, 9 parts of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, 0.4 part of trehalose, propolis
1.0 parts, 2.0 parts of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, trash fish powder be little fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and
Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts is formed.
According to above-mentioned formula, the present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned crucian carp feed, comprises the following steps：
(1) each raw material is weighed by corresponding weight portion；
(2) Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice and Testa Tritici are put in pulverizer and are ground into powder, cross 60-80 eye mesh screens after with it is miscellaneous
Fish flour, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder mix homogeneously, obtain mixed material standby；
(3) by Radix Isatidis, Herba Houttuyniae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, Herba Macleayae Cordatae, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae and shield leaf potato
Chinese yam is cleaned, and is switched to length less than 2cm, is stirred, be subsequently adding together with Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Fructus Cnidii in being put into blender
13 taste medicine gross weights 5-10 times that adopt in the step, the ethanol solution of volume fraction 50%-70%, reflux, extract, 2-3 time,
1-2h is extracted every time, obtains extracting solution, it is standby；
(4) extracting solution obtained in step (3) is carried out into vacuum evaporation, is 1.05- to room temperature measuring relative density
1.15 solution, then lyophilization is into Chinese medicinal powder, standby；
(5) by Chinese medicinal powder obtained in step (4) and mixed material obtained in step (2), bentonite, trehalose, propolis,
Dalcium biphosphate mix homogeneously, uses granule-forming machine pelletize, obtains feed granules, drying, i.e. finished product.
Further, in crucian carp feed of the present invention, the concrete property of each raw material is as follows：
Radix Isatidis：Radix Isatidis have effect to various bacteria, and infusion is to bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureuses, eight balls
Bacterium, escherichia coli, Bacillus typhi, paratyphoid A bacillus, dysentery (will Hayes, Freund) bacillus, bacillus enteritidiss etc. have suppression to make
With；
Fructus Crotonis：Fructus Crotonis contain the effective ingredient such as crotonoside, Palmic acid and crotonyl alcohol., to hemophilus influenza, bacillus pyocyaneus, golden yellow
Staphylococcuses and diphtheria corynebacterium have certain antibacterial action, meanwhile, inclined tube can be strongly killed with the compatibility such as Melia azedarach L., Rhizoma Osmundae
Worm, Trichodina etc..
Herba Houttuyniae：Containing materials such as volatile oil, alkaloids in Herba Houttuyniae, to micrococcus catarrhalises, staphylococcus aureuses, influenza
Bacillus, mycobacterium, penicillium, Bacillus proteuss, Aspergillus niger have stronger inhibitory action；
Bulbus Allii：Bulbus Allii is natural plant broad-spectrum antibiotic, the garlicin containing about 2%, to various pathogens such as Fructus Vitis viniferae ball
Bacterium, pulmonitis strain, streptococcus, diphtheria corynebacterium, dysentery bacterium, Bacillus typhi, tubercule bacillus and vibrio cholera have significantly suppression
And killing action, while, moreover it is possible to kill more kinds of pathomycetes and ancylostome, pinworm, infusorian etc..
Semen Cucurbitae：Semen Cucurbitae is rich in the nutrient substance such as fat, protein, vitamin, containing linoleic acid, Oleic acid and Palmic acid etc.
Material, with anthelmintic antibacterial action.
Cortex Meliae：Cortex Meliae contains the materials such as Azedarachin, to escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureuses, bacillus subtilises,
Fusarium moniliforme has inhibitory action；
Herba Andrographis：Contain neoandrographolide in Herba Andrographis, to dysentery bacterium, streptococcus pneumoniae, alpha streptococcuss, mucositiss ball
Bacterium, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureuses, bacillus pyocyaneus, group B streptococcus have obvious inhibitory action；
Fructus Cnidii：Fructus Cnidii contains volatile oil, and main component is osthole, bergapton and isopimpinellin, right
The Trichophyton mentagrophytes of Trichophyton, mycete are inhibited effectively to kill infusorian, Trichodina etc..
Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss：Radix sophorae contains various alkaloids and flavonoid, including matrine, oxymatrine, sophocarpine, xanthohumol
Deng having suppression to staphylococcus aureuses, trichophyton, Trichophyton concentricunm, trichophyton, the little spore tinea bacterium of Du's big belly difficult to understand
Effect, meanwhile, matrine can be prevented eliminating aphis, fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, red spider and some diseases；
Galla Chinensiss：Galla Chinensiss contain tannin, with broad-spectrum antibacterial action, to escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureuses, pneumonia
Diplococcuss, streptococcus, Bacillus typhi, dysentery bacterium, diphtheria corynebacterium, anthrax bacillus, bacillus pyocyaneus etc. have significantly sterilization to make
With.
Herba Macleayae Cordatae：Contain various alkaloids in Herba Macleayae Cordatae, such as Sanguinarine, chelerythrine, Boluo returns alkali, blue to various leather
Positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, Diplococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureuses, repeatedly bacillus subtilis, bacillus, escherichia coli, deformed rod
Bacterium, bacillus pyocyaneus and some funguses have different degrees of inhibitory action, meanwhile, Sanguinarine there is very strong killing to make dactylogyrider
With.
Caulis Akebiae：Caulis Akebiae contains akebin, has suppression to Gram positive bacillus, dysentery bacterium, pathogenic dermatophytosises
Effect, while having killing action to a certain extent to Trichodina.
Rhizoma Osmundae：Rhizoma Osmundae can effectively kill the parasite in aquatic animal body, its water decoction can effectively treatment Aquatic product move
The trichomoniasis of thing, trichodinasis.
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss：In Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss plant in addition to containing chemical compositions such as starch, cellulose, tannin and pigments, also contain
There are substantial amounts of steroidal saponin constituents, its ethanol extraction can effectively kill the active site of dactylogyrider.
Trehalose：Trehalose is a kind of from halobiontic natural antibacterial agent, to yeast, escherichia coli, strepto-
Bacterium, ginger plague pathogenic bacteria, tobacco smoke pollution, bacillus subtilis, Fusarium spp., Aspergillus flavus etc. have certain inhibitory action, nontoxic secondary work
With.Additionally, trehalose can be formed in cell surface in high temperature, high and cold, hyperosmosises and being dried under the severe environmental conditions such as dehydration
Unique protecting film, effectively protected protein matter molecule invariance inactivation, so as to the life process and biology of the body that sustains life are special
Levy, reduce the mortality rate of life entity.
Propolis：Propolis has broad-spectrum antibacterial action, to funguses, tinea bacterium, floccus mentagrophyte, red mentagrophytes, rust sporidiole
Bacterium, microsporon gypseum, microsporum canis, brain shape tinea bacterium, trichophyton gypseum, trichophyton tonsurans, purple tinea bacterium etc. are all
There is inhibitory action.Meanwhile, containing Flavonoid substances such as Quercetins in propolis, with good non-oxidizability, can effectively improve
The resistances against diseases of organism；Also containing abundant mineral and trace element, the growth to organism is made with good promotion
With.
In sum, above-mentioned technical proposal is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
(1) crucian carp feed addition of the present invention can promote each raw material in the phase of pelletization as the bentonite of binding agent
Mutually bond, effectively improve the production efficiency of granulator, improve the volume of production of pelletization, reduce energy consumption and cost.
(2) crucian carp feed of the present invention adds 14 kinds of Chinese herb medicines and 2 kinds of natural antibacterial agents, is not added with any chemicalses,
There is pollution-free, low cost, noresidue, antibacterial insecticidal effect significantly, is safe from harm to health.
(3) crucian carp feed of the present invention contains the effective ingredient such as a large amount of alkaloids, volatile oil, makees with good antibacterial parasite killing
With, wherein Herba Macleayae Cordatae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, Caulis Akebiae, Fructus Cnidii, Rhizoma Osmundae, Cortex Meliae and Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss contain Sanguinarine, Azedarachin etc. effectively into
Point, each raw material scientific compatibility has efficient killing action to dactylogyrider, Trichodina and oblique tube insect, to the bright red gill disease of Carassius auratuss
Prevention effect significantly, improves the resistances against diseases of Carassius auratuss.
(4) crucian carp feed of the present invention adds two kinds of natural antibacterial agents of trehalose and propolis, with broad-spectrum antibacterial action, to many
Plant funguses, antibacterial and various pathogen and there is a certain degree of inhibitory action, have no toxic side effect.Trehalose can be effectively simultaneously
Protected protein matter molecule invariance is inactivated, and so as to maintain the life process and biological characteristic of Carassius auratuss, reduces the mortality rate of Carassius auratuss, separately
Containing the Flavonoid substances such as Quercetin and abundant mineral, trace element in outer propolis, with good non-oxidizability, energy
The resistances against diseases of organism are effectively improved enough, the growth to Carassius auratuss has good facilitation.
(5) present invention extracts the effective ingredient in Chinese herb medicine using ethanol reflux extraction, and extraction ratio is high, compared to water
Lifting manipulation, reduce extraction time and Extracting temperature, the effective protection activity of effective ingredient.
In a word, crucian carp feed of the present invention is nutritious, preparation method is simple, and low production cost is safe and reliable, can be effective
The bright red gill disease of preventing and treating Carassius auratuss, improves the resistances against diseases of Carassius auratuss, promotes the good growth of Carassius auratuss, improve its cultured output, reduce crucian carp
Fish culture risk, is worthy of popularization.
【Specific embodiment】
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
First, formulation Example
Embodiment 1
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：
It is 5 parts of trash fish powder, 2 parts of Zein powder, 15 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 10 parts of Testa oryzae, 10 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, 6 parts of Testa Tritici, swollen
0.8 part of profit soil, 8 parts of Radix Isatidis, 5 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 10 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 2 parts of Bulbus Allii, 2 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 10 parts of Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis 9
Part, 8 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 7 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 8 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 15 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 7 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 4 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, 5 parts of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, trehalose
0.1 part, 0.5 part of propolis, 1 part of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, trash fish powder be little fish flour, shrimp meal,
Conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts are formed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：
15 parts of trash fish powder, 10 parts of Zein powder, 35 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 30 parts of Testa oryzae, 26 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, Testa Tritici 18
Part, 3.2 parts of bentonite, 28 parts of Radix Isatidis, 15 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 30 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 12 parts of Bulbus Allii, 14 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 22 parts of Cortex Meliae,
21 parts of Herba Andrographis, 16 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 21 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 22 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 35 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 17 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 16 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, shield leaf potato
15 parts of Chinese yam, 0.7 part of trehalose, 1.5 parts of propolis, 3 parts of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, and trash fish powder is
Little fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts are formed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：
It is 8 parts of trash fish powder, 4 parts of Zein powder, 20 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 15 parts of Testa oryzae, 15 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, 9 parts of Testa Tritici, swollen
1.5 parts of profit soil, 15 parts of Radix Isatidis, 8 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 15 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 5 parts of Bulbus Allii, 5 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 13 parts of Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis 12
Part, 10 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 11 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 12 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 20 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 9 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 7 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, 8 parts of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, Sargassum
0.3 part of sugar, 0.8 part of propolis, 1.5 parts of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, and trash fish powder is little fish flour, shrimp
Powder, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts are formed.
Embodiment 4
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：
12 parts of trash fish powder, 8 parts of Zein powder, 30 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 25 parts of Testa oryzae, 21 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, 15 parts of Testa Tritici,
2.5 parts of bentonite, 21 parts of Radix Isatidis, 12 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 25 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 9 parts of Bulbus Allii, 11 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 19 parts of Cortex Meliae, punching
18 parts of lotus, 14 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 17 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 18 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 30 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 15 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 13 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 12
Part, 0.5 part of trehalose, 1.2 parts of propolis, 2.5 parts of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, and trash fish powder is little
Fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts are formed.
Embodiment 5
A kind of crucian carp feed for preventing and treating bright red gill disease, is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：
10 parts of trash fish powder, 6 parts of Zein powder, 25 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 20 parts of Testa oryzae, 18 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, 12 parts of Testa Tritici,
2 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of Radix Isatidis, 10 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 20 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 7 parts of Bulbus Allii, 8 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 16 parts of Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis
15 parts, 12 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 14 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 15 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 25 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 12 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 10 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, 9 parts of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss,
0.4 part of trehalose, 1.0 parts of propolis, 2.0 parts of dalcium biphosphate；Wherein, each herbal raw material is fresh goods, and trash fish powder is small fish
Powder, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts are formed.
2nd, prepare embodiment
Embodiment 6
The preparation of the crucian carp feed of above-described embodiment 1-5 comprises the steps：
(1) by corresponding weight portion weigh trash fish powder, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder, Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, Testa Tritici corium farinosum,
Bentonite, Radix Isatidis, Fructus Crotonis, Herba Houttuyniae, Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, win
Return, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, trehalose, propolis, dalcium biphosphate；
(2) Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice and Testa Tritici are put in pulverizer and are ground into powder, with trash fish after 60 eye mesh screens excessively
Powder, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder mix homogeneously, obtain mixed material standby；
(3) by Radix Isatidis, Herba Houttuyniae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, Herba Macleayae Cordatae, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae and shield leaf potato
Chinese yam is cleaned, and is switched to length less than 2cm, is stirred, be subsequently adding together with Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Fructus Cnidii in being put into blender
13 5 times of the taste medicine gross weights that adopt in the step, the ethanol solution of volume fraction 50%, reflux, extract, 2 times are extracted every time
1h, obtains extracting solution, standby；
(4) extracting solution obtained in step (3) is carried out into vacuum evaporation, to room temperature measuring relative density be 1.05 it is molten
Liquid, then lyophilization is into Chinese medicinal powder, standby；
(5) by Chinese medicinal powder obtained in step (4) and mixed material obtained in step (2), bentonite, trehalose, propolis,
Dalcium biphosphate mix homogeneously, uses granule-forming machine pelletize, obtains feed granules, drying, i.e. finished product.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of the crucian carp feed of above-described embodiment 1-5 comprises the steps：
(1) by corresponding weight portion weigh trash fish powder, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder, Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, Testa Tritici corium farinosum,
Bentonite, Radix Isatidis, Fructus Crotonis, Herba Houttuyniae, Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, win
Return, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss, trehalose, propolis, dalcium biphosphate；
(2) Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice and Testa Tritici are put in pulverizer and are ground into powder, cross 60-80 eye mesh screens after with it is miscellaneous
Fish flour, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder mix homogeneously, obtain mixed material standby；
(3) by Radix Isatidis, Herba Houttuyniae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, Herba Macleayae Cordatae, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae and shield leaf potato
Chinese yam is cleaned, and is switched to length less than 2cm, is stirred, be subsequently adding together with Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Fructus Cnidii in being put into blender
13 10 times of the taste medicine gross weights that adopt in the step, the ethanol solution of volume fraction 70%, reflux, extract, 3 times are extracted every time
2h, obtains extracting solution, standby；
(4) extracting solution obtained in step (3) is carried out into vacuum evaporation, to room temperature measuring relative density be 1.15 it is molten
Liquid, then lyophilization is into Chinese medicinal powder, standby；
(5) by Chinese medicinal powder obtained in step (4) and mixed material obtained in step (2), bentonite, trehalose, propolis,
Dalcium biphosphate mix homogeneously, uses granule-forming machine pelletize, obtains feed granules, drying, i.e. finished product.
3rd, compliance test result
In order to further illustrate the application value of crucian carp feed of the present invention, Carassius auratuss are entered using embodiment crucian carp feed
Row pond culture is tested.Pond water purification area is 1 mu, fingerling uniform quality, and size is 100g and per mu of input fingerling 200
Bar, pond soil property are excellent, have abundant water resources, and management is consistent, and feeding time is consistent with feeding amount, test one month, 7 days before and after test
And the non-feeding of process of the test other feedstuffs.
Test group (A1)：The crucian carp feed prepared using the method (according to the formula of embodiment 1) for preparing embodiment 6；It is right
According to 1 (A of group2)：Using crucian carp feed prepared by embodiment 6 (according to formulation Example 1) is prepared, except for the difference that, without medium-height grass
Medicine is obtained；2 (A of matched group3)：Using crucian carp feed prepared by embodiment 6 (according to formulation Example 1) is prepared, except for the difference that,
It is obtained without trehalose and propolis；3 (A of matched group4)：The Carassius auratuss prepared using preparation embodiment 6 (according to formulation Example 1)
Feedstuff, except for the difference that, both without Chinese herb medicine, is also obtained without trehalose and propolis；4 (A of matched group5)：Using preparation
Crucian carp feed prepared by embodiment 6 (according to formulation Example 1), except for the difference that, replaces Chinese herb medicine, trehalose with fishing Jing worms gram
And propolis；5 (A of matched group6)：Commercially available common crucian carp feed.
Cultivation result is as shown in table 1：
Table 1 is to crucian cultivation interpretation of result
According to table 1 as can be seen that preparing crucian carp feed prepared by embodiment 6 (according to formulation Example 1) using the present invention
Average every mu of Day feeding amount is 2300g, and average wall scroll quality is 1200g, and sickness rate is 8.6%, and survival rate is up to 98.4%, is seen
Examine Carassius auratuss developmental process to find, Carassius auratuss are presented good growth trends, fish body surface is smooth bright, move about freely, reaction spirit
Quick, build is moderate, and sickness rate is minimum, and therapeutic effect is notable, survival rate highest；
Without crucian carp feed obtained in Chinese herbal medicine, sickness rate is 20.4%, and, less than 90%, process of the test is considerable for survival rate
Discovery is examined, Carassius auratuss growing state is general, and it is slower to react, and more sick fish occurs, and therapeutic effect is poor；
Crucian carp feed is obtained without trehalose and propolis, average Day feeding amount is reduced to 1450g/ mus, illustrates trehalose
There is abundant feedstuff mouthfeel, promote the effect of Carassius auratuss amount with propolis；
Both without Chinese herb medicine, also without the average Day feeding amount of crucian carp feed obtained in trehalose and propolis, average
Wall scroll weight and survival rate are all minimum, result in Carassius auratuss sickness rate highest, are 36.4%, and observation pond can find that appearance is substantial amounts of
Fish body surface is in black, has the serious red gill and bleeding, and a large amount of Carassius auratuss are dead, and loss is serious；
Replace Chinese herb medicine, trehalose and crucian carp feed obtained in propolis, and commercially available crucian carp feed with fishing Jing worms gram, with
Feeding crucian carp feed of the present invention is compared, and sickness rate is higher, and therapeutic effect is poor, and observation Carassius auratuss growth can find poor growth, instead
Underaction is answered, fish body is more modest.
May determine that accordingly, crucian carp feed of the present invention is nutritious, preparation method is simple is safe and reliable, can be directed to
Property, effectively preventing Carassius auratuss bright red gill disease, improve the resistances against diseases and cultured output of Carassius auratuss, reduce crucian cultivation risk, value
Obtain popularization and application.
Claims (7)
- It is 1. a kind of to prevent and treat the sick crucian carp feed of the bright red gill, it is characterised in that：It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Trash fish powder 5- 15 parts, Zein powder 2-10 parts, Semen sojae atricolor powder 15-35 parts, Testa oryzae 10-30 parts, dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice 10-26 parts, Testa Tritici 6-18 parts, Bentonite 0.8-3.2 parts, Radix Isatidis 8-28 parts, Fructus Crotonis 5-15 parts, Herba Houttuyniae 10-30 parts, Bulbus Allii 2-12 parts, Semen Cucurbitae 2-14 Part, Cortex Meliae 10-22 parts, Herba Andrographis 9-21 parts, Fructus Cnidii 8-16 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss 7-21 parts, Galla Chinensiss 8-22 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 15- 35 parts, Caulis Akebiae 7-17 parts, Rhizoma Osmundae 4-16 part, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 5-15 parts, trehalose 0.1-0.7 parts, propolis 0.5-1.5 parts, phosphoric acid Calcium dihydrogen 1-3 parts；Each herbal raw material is fresh goods.
- 2. the crucian carp feed of a kind of preventing and treating according to claim 1 bright red gill disease, it is characterised in that：By following parts by weight Raw material make：Trash fish powder 8-12 parts, Zein powder 4-8 parts, Semen sojae atricolor powder 20-30 parts, Testa oryzae 15-25 parts, dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice 15-21 Part, Testa Tritici 9-15 parts, bentonite 1.5-2.5 parts, Radix Isatidis 15-21 parts, Fructus Crotonis 8-12 parts, Herba Houttuyniae 15-25 parts, Bulbus Allii 5-9 parts, Semen Cucurbitae 5-11 parts, Cortex Meliae 13-19 parts, Herba Andrographis 12-18 parts, Fructus Cnidii 10-14 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss 11-17 parts, five times Sub- 12-18 parts, Herba Macleayae Cordatae 20-30 part, Caulis Akebiae 9-15 parts, Rhizoma Osmundae 7-13 part, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 8-12 parts, trehalose 0.3-0.5 parts, Propolis 0.8-1.2 parts, dalcium biphosphate 1.5-2.5 parts.
- 3. the crucian carp feed of a kind of preventing and treating according to claim 1 bright red gill disease, it is characterised in that：By following parts by weight Raw material make：10 parts of trash fish powder, 6 parts of Zein powder, 25 parts of Semen sojae atricolor powder, 20 parts of Testa oryzae, 18 parts of the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice, Testa Tritici 12 Part, 2 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of Radix Isatidis, 10 parts of Fructus Crotonis, 20 parts of Herba Houttuyniae, 7 parts of Bulbus Allii, 8 parts of Semen Cucurbitae, 16 parts of Cortex Meliae, punching 15 parts of lotus, 12 parts of Fructus Cnidii, 14 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, 15 parts of Galla Chinensiss, 25 parts of Herba Macleayae Cordatae, 12 parts of Caulis Akebiae, 10 parts of Rhizoma Osmundae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss 9 Part, 0.4 part of trehalose, 1.0 parts of propolis, 2.0 parts of dalcium biphosphate.
- 4. a kind of crucian carp feed of the bright red gill disease of preventing and treating according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：It is described miscellaneous Fish flour is formed for little fish flour, shrimp meal, conch meal and Cipangopaludina chinensis powder mixed in equal amounts.
- 5. the method for preparing a kind of crucian carp feed of the bright red gill disease of preventing and treating as described in any one of claim 1-3, its feature exist In comprising the following steps：(1) each raw material is weighed by corresponding weight portion；(2) Testa oryzae, the dishes made from scrambled eggs dregs of rice and Testa Tritici are put in pulverizer and are ground into powder, cross 60-80 eye mesh screens after with trash fish powder, Zein powder, Semen sojae atricolor powder mix homogeneously, obtain mixed material standby；(3) Radix Isatidis, Herba Houttuyniae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Andrographis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentiss, Galla Chinensiss, Herba Macleayae Cordatae, Caulis Akebiae, Rhizoma Osmundae and Rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensiss are washed Only, length is switched to less than 2cm, stir, be subsequently adding the step together with Bulbus Allii, Semen Cucurbitae, Fructus Cnidii in being put into blender 13 taste medicine gross weights 5-10 times of employing, the ethanol solution of volume fraction 50%-70% in rapid, reflux, extract, 2-3 time are carried every time 1-2h is taken, extracting solution is obtained, it is standby；(4) extracting solution obtained in step (3) is carried out into vacuum evaporation, to room temperature measuring relative density for 1.05-1.15's Solution, then lyophilization is into Chinese medicinal powder, standby；(5) by Chinese medicinal powder obtained in step (4) and mixed material, bentonite, trehalose, propolis, phosphoric acid obtained in step (2) Calcium dihydrogen mix homogeneously, uses granule-forming machine pelletize, obtains feed granules, drying, i.e. finished product.
- 6. the preparation method of the crucian carp feed of a kind of preventing and treating according to claim 5 bright red gill disease, it is characterised in that：Step (4) vacuum of vacuum evaporation is that, less than 0.088MPa, thickening temperature is 45-55 DEG C.
- 7. the preparation method of the crucian carp feed of a kind of preventing and treating according to claim 5 bright red gill disease, it is characterised in that：Step (5) feed granules particle diameter obtained by is 0.1-0.3cm, and after drying, finished product water content is less than 10%.
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