CN106508818A - Adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method - Google Patents
Adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508818A CN106508818A CN201611000847.5A CN201611000847A CN106508818A CN 106508818 A CN106508818 A CN 106508818A CN 201611000847 A CN201611000847 A CN 201611000847A CN 106508818 A CN106508818 A CN 106508818A
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- aphid
- honeybee
- basket
- stiff
- basketing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241000751815 Aphidius avenae Species 0.000 title abstract 12
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005058 diapause Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 claims description 79
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005637 Brassica campestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001301148 Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 re Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241001305034 Aphidius gifuensis Species 0.000 description 8
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method and belongs to the technical field of aphid prevention and control by utilizing aphidius avenae. The adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method comprises the five steps of preparation before basketing, calculation of basketing density, basketing, management after basketing and adult aphidius avenae collection. The step of preparation before basketing includes basket preparation and stiff aphid seedling selection. A method for calculation of basketing density is that 50-80 stiff aphid seedlings are put in each plastic basket according to the size of the stiff aphid seedlings. A basketing method is that fork entries of sheared stiff aphid seedlings are hung on a thin rope, and then single or multiple plastic baskets are covered with a 60-mesh screen cover. The step of management after basketing is that the speed of normal-temperature emergence or diapause preservation or aphidius avenae emergence catalysis is selected according to the usage time and application of aphidius avenae. A method for collecting adult aphidius avenae is that the aphidius avenae is collected in the screen cover in the first day to fifth day after the aphidius avenae in the plastic baskets emerge. The adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method has the advantages of being simple in operation, convenient, capable of saving time and improving the utilization rate and survival rate of the aphidius avenae, facilitating popularization and application and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to using the anti-technical field that eliminates aphis of aphid parasite, and in particular to collection and pipe of a kind of aphid parasite into honeybee
Reason method.
Background technology
At present, aphid parasite is anti-eliminates aphis technology already at the popularization and application stage, needs to adopt during popularization and application
Seedling breeding bee method or strain breeding bee method raise aphid parasite, and it is the most key technology in aphid parasite is raised to connect honeybee.Prior art
In suction honeybee bottle manually inhale honeybee method, automatic collecting method, in Scale dependency have certain limitation.Inhale honeybee bottle and manually inhale honeybee method
Big, inefficiency, automatic collecting method is affected to there is randomness when collecting, be unfavorable for postponing into honeybee survival rate aphid parasite
The honeybee time, it is impossible to meet Production requirement.In the popularization and application stage that aphid parasite is prevented eliminating aphis, cost is the most key problem,
Connect honeybee and belong to that operation difficulty is larger, the time-consuming longer sport technique segment of operation in whole Prevention Technique.Want reduces cost, save behaviour
Making time, raising connects honeybee efficiency, it is necessary to invention it is a kind of it is more convenient, economical, efficiently connect honeybee method, and for improving aphid parasite
Utilization rate, in addition it is also necessary to carry out diapause preservation to stiff aphid or be catalyzed its emergence processing.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple, convenient, peace
Entirely, save time, saving of labor, material-saving, feeding cost can be reduced, the utilization rate and survival rate of aphid parasite can be improved, non-aphid cocoon can be screened out
Honeybee into honeybee, a kind of aphid parasite easy to utilize into honeybee collection and management method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals：Collection and management of a kind of aphid parasite into honeybee
Method, it is characterised in that：Be by dress basket before prepare, calculate dress basket density, dress basket, dress basket after management and aphid parasite into honeybee collection
Five step compositions, prepare to include the preparation of basket before described dress basket and select stiff aphid Seedling, and the preparation of basket is to choose opened type modeling
Charging basket, with cord, on plastic crate, a point upper and lower two-layer crosses three roads, and the method for selecting stiff aphid Seedling is from host plant stem with shears
Base portion cuts stiff aphid Seedling, it is desirable to which on stiff aphid Seedling, stiff aphid quantity is more than 50；The method of described calculating dress basket density is with reference to stiff
Aphid Seedling size, each plastic crate is equipped with stiff aphid Seedling 50-80 strains；The method of the dress basket is that the prong of the stiff aphid Seedling that will be cut hangs
To on cord, it is ensured that stiff aphid Seedling is naturally drooped, then single or multiple plastic crate covers are risen with the guard of 60 mesh, finally with tying up
The opening of guard is tied by rope；After described dress basket, management is, according to aphid parasite use time and purposes, to select plastic crate
It is placed under room temperature to sprout wings and collects aphid parasite, or be placed under refrigerated condition diapause and preserve, or is placed in climate box and adjusts to suitable
Humiture and intensity of illumination, are catalyzed aphid parasite emergence speed；The aphid parasite is the aphid in plastic crate into the collection method of honeybee
Cocoon bee eclosion out the 1st day to the 5th day, gently shakes plastic crate daily, aphid parasite is collected in guard, and plastic crate takes out
Continue to sprout wings and collect again in loading new guard afterwards.
Level interval of the present invention described in dress basket step between adjacent stiff aphid Seedling is 1-2cm.
Host plant of the present invention is Radix Raphani, Brassica campestris L, the one kind in Nicotiana tabacum L..
Under room temperature of the present invention after dress basket described in management process, emergence condition is：Indoor temperature is controlled at 23-28 DEG C,
Indoor humidity is controlled in 40-60%, and intensity of illumination is based on natural light.
Diapause preservation condition of the present invention after dress basket described in management process be：Temperature control at 5-8 DEG C, humid control
60%, intensity of illumination is 0Lx.
Catalysis aphid parasite emergence condition of the present invention after dress basket described in management process be：Plastic crate is positioned over climate box
Middle catalysis, at 25 DEG C, 60%, intensity of illumination is 3000Lx to humid control to the temperature control of climate box.
Compared with prior art, the device have the advantages that having：
1st, the present invention is simple, convenient, save time, saving of labor, and low to operator's technical requirements, labor intensity is little, it is not necessary to
Special training.Compared with traditional artificial suction honeybee method, automatic collecting method, whole disk preservation method, material therefor is easily available, only selects
The simple materials such as plastic crate, cord, guard and tie string, therefore low manufacture cost.
2nd, gained aphid parasite of the invention is into honeybee survival rate height, active strong, receipts honeybee high efficiency.The different receipts honeybee effects for receiving honeybee method
Benefit and survival rate contrast are shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The different receipts honeybee benefit and survival rate contrasts for receiving honeybee method
| Receive honeybee method | Receive honeybee benefit（Head/minute） | Survival rate（%） |
| It is artificial to inhale honeybee method | 29 | 96.22 |
| Automatic collecting method | 98 | 99.99 |
| The inventive method | 160 | 99.99 |
3rd, the present invention peaked using eclosion rate during aphid parasite 48 72 hours, after 96 hours aphid parasite sprout wings be gradually reduced,
And superparasitism honeybee typically started this time difference occurred after 192 hours, non-aphid parasite can be screened out when honeybee is connect into honeybee, is improved
Purity, reduces superparasitism bee eclosion rate.
4th, the stiff aphid of present invention gained can be preserved in diapause under cold preservation, extend stiff aphid use time, or stiff aphid is placed in weather
Adjust in case to suitable humiture and intensity of illumination, be catalyzed its emergence speed, improve aphid parasite utilization rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is stiff aphid Seedling odd-numbered day aphid parasite eclosion rate and superparasitism bee eclosion rate variation diagram after the dress basket of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation after plastic crate dress basket used in the present invention.
In figure, 1- plastic crates, 2- cords, 3- host plants, 4- aphid parasites, 5- guards, 6- tie strings.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite into honeybee, are by pipe after preparation, calculating dress basket density, dress basket and dress basket before dress basket
Four step compositions of reason：
1. before the dress basket described in, preparation process includes the preparation of basket and selects stiff aphid Seedling.
1.1 baskets of preparation：The conventional opened type plastic crate of family is taken, the external diameter of plastic crate is 30cm, is highly 30cm,
With cord, on plastic crate, a point upper and lower two-layer crosses three roads；
1.2 select stiff aphid Seedling：Stiff aphid cigarette strain has been cut with shears from potted plant Nicotiana tabacum L. basal part of stem, it is desirable to which in cigarette strain, stiff aphid quantity is 80
Head；
2. the method for calculating dress basket density：The aphis population for having aphid cigarette strain before dress basket to selecting is investigated, and understands individual plant aphid
Borer population amount, aphis population structure, and tobacco seedlings size is combined, dress basket density is calculated, general each plastic crate fills 70 plants；
3. basket is filled：The prong for cutting stiff aphid cigarette strain is uniformly hanging on cord, and keeps the level interval between stiff aphid cigarette strain
For 1cm, it is ensured that host plant naturally droops, it does not interfere with each other, it is ensured that dress basket density, after making host plant wilt, space is abundant.So
3 plastic crate covers of 1- are risen with the guard of 60 mesh afterwards, and the opening tie string of guard is tied；
4. manage after filling basket：Arranged according to aphid parasite use time, if necessary to diapause time delay, at once by plastic crate after framing up
Climate box cold preservation is put into, climate box refrigerated storage temperature is controlled at 6 DEG C, and 60%, intensity of illumination is 0Lx to humid control, if desired cold preservation
Quantity it is big, then be placed in air-conditioned room or freezer；If normal need uses aphid parasite, plastic crate is placed indoors,
At 23 DEG C, indoor humidity is controlled 50%, and intensity of illumination is based on natural light for indoor temperature control；If being immediately required to a large amount of aphids
Cocoon bee eclosion, is just put into plastic crate in climate box and is catalyzed, the temperature control of climate box at 25 DEG C, humid control 60%, illumination
Intensity is in 3000Lx.
Shown according to Fig. 1 results, in the case of the present embodiment plastic crate is placed indoors, the time is formed according to stiff aphid, typically
Just there is a small amount of aphid parasite to sprout wings out in 24 hours, eclosion rate peaks when 48 72 hours, after 48 hours, 8:00—
10:00 and 17:00—18:00 the two time periods, gently shake plastic crate, aphid parasite is fallen in guard, plastic crate from
Take away in guard, plastic crate loads new guard to be continued to sprout wings and collect again.The guard tie string changed is tied, and is taken to
Field, opens tie string, and aphid parasite flies into field naturally, or is put into raising interior and connects honeybee.After 96 hours, aphid parasite is sprouted wings gradually
Decline, general superparasitism honeybee started appearance after 192 hours.Therefore the aphid parasite emergence end time is the 5th day, superparasitism honeybee plumage
Change the time started for the 8th day, the receipts honeybee time typically continues 5 days, using aphidius gifuensis emergence and the time difference of superparasitism bee eclosion,
Non- aphid parasite can be screened out into honeybee, purity is improved, superparasitism rate is reduced.For further improving the purity that aphid parasite is collected, may be used also
It is when honeybee is dissipated into, artificial to judge whether there is superparasitism honeybee in guard, if having, superparasitism honeybee is suctioned out using suction honeybee bottle or use finger
Head directly kills by a pinch superparasitism honeybee, so as to reach superparasitism honeybee screening purpose.
The present embodiment each frame of plastic preserves honeybee amount 5600, calculates by eclosion rate 80%, single frame can collect aphid parasite into
Honeybee 4480, if putting 3 frame of plastics in each guard, the aphid parasite sprouted wings per landing net cover altogether is 13440 into honeybee, and a people is every
The secondary collection deadline is only 8 minutes, can be collected daily 2 times during the high honeybee phase.
Comparative example 1
Honeybee method is manually inhaled using traditional suction bottle, its collection method is, from a taper or cylindrical receiving flask, to collect bottleneck
The collection bottle cap being adapted to bottle is provided with, receiving flask covers grafting collecting pipe and suction nozzle.During collection, by suction nozzle air-breathing
Negative pressure in receiving flask is caused, while the collection of aphidius gifuensis is carried out by collecting pipe, air-breathing mouth.One people of the method is per 20
Minute can collect about 1000 aphid parasites, and inhale honeybee time limitation, and fine day is in last year 8:00—10:00 and afternoon 17：—18:00
Period honeybee activity related frequency, cloudy noon can increase by 12 hours, and the rainy day general 12:00—15:00 can inhale honeybee, aphid cocoon
The time that honeybee is deposited in receiving flask, no more than 20 minutes, not so can cause the death of aphidius gifuensis.Because during personal air-breathing
Power differs, and the aphid parasite that the method is collected has damage, loss percentage about 5% in receiving flask.And the traditional method can not be by
The cold preservation in climate box or air-conditioning box of stiff aphid, can not carry out catalysis and accelerate emergence to process, it is impossible to improve aphid parasite utilization to which
Rate, is unfavorable for industrialized production.
Comparative example 2
Using shed disclosed in prior art breed aphidius gifuensis into honeybee collection method（Application publication number：
CN102960320A）, i.e., fly net is integrally covered outside the frame of shed, is coated with shade net in the vault of shed, in shed
At least one receipts bee-hole is offered at the top of phototropic face, is circumscribed with removable receipts honeybee bag bee-hole is received, using aphidius gifuensis
Property and phototaxis upwards, will breed the aphidius gifuensis that survive and collect in honeybee bag into honeybee in shed.The method is connect in shed
15 days or so after honeybee, occur starting to receive honeybee when parasitism aphids in a large number and stiff aphid in canopy, it is movable into honeybee in 8 points to 10 points of the morning
Peak period receive honeybee.Although the method relatively manually inhale cutting edge of a knife or a sword method improve to some extent, must using aphidius gifuensis property upwards and
Phototaxis, will breed the aphidius gifuensis that survive and collects in honeybee bag into honeybee, therefore can be affected by natural climate in shed,
Be unfavorable for cloudy day or the rainy day receive honeybee, and the method cannot similarly solve by stiff aphid in climate box or air-conditioning box cold preservation protect
Deposit, catalysis can not be carried out to which and accelerate emergence to process, it is impossible to be improved aphid parasite utilization rate, be unfavorable for industrialized production.
Embodiment 3
The host plant that the present embodiment is selected is Radix Raphani, and remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The host plant that the present embodiment is selected is Brassica campestris L, and remaining is with embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite into honeybee, it is characterised in that：Be by dress basket before prepare, calculate dress basket density,
After dress basket, dress basket, management and aphid parasite collect five step compositions into honeybee, prepare to include the preparation of basket and choose before described dress basket
The stiff aphid Seedling of choosing, the preparation of basket is to choose opened type plastic crate, and with cord, on plastic crate, a point upper and lower two-layer crosses three roads, selects deadlock
The method of aphid Seedling is to cut stiff aphid Seedling with shears from host plant basal part of stem, it is desirable to which on stiff aphid Seedling, stiff aphid quantity is more than 50；Institute
It is that each plastic crate is equipped with stiff aphid Seedling 50-80 strains with reference to stiff aphid Seedling size to state and calculate the method for filling basket density；The side of the dress basket
Method is that the prong of the stiff aphid Seedling that will be cut is hanging on cord, it is ensured that stiff aphid Seedling is naturally drooped, then will be single with the guard of 60 mesh
Individual or multiple plastic crate covers rise, and finally tie the opening of guard with tie string；After described dress basket, management is according to aphid cocoon
Honeybee use time and purposes, select plastic crate is placed under room temperature to sprout wings to collect aphid parasite, or are placed in diapause under refrigerated condition and protect
Deposit, or be placed in climate box and adjust to suitable humiture and intensity of illumination, be catalyzed aphid parasite emergence speed；The aphid parasite into
The collection method of honeybee is the 1st day to the 5th day that the aphid parasite in plastic crate sprouts wings out, gently shakes plastic crate daily, makes
Aphid parasite is collected in guard, and plastic crate continues to sprout wings and collect again in loading new guard after taking out.
2. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite according to claim 1 into honeybee, it is characterised in that：In dress basket step
Described in level interval between adjacent stiff aphid Seedling be 1-2cm.
3. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite according to claim 1 into honeybee, it is characterised in that：Described host
Plant is the one kind in Radix Raphani, Brassica campestris L or Nicotiana tabacum L..
4. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 into honeybee, it is characterised in that in dress
Under room temperature after basket described in management process, emergence condition is：At 23-28 DEG C, indoor humidity is controlled in 40- for indoor temperature control
60%, intensity of illumination is based on natural light.
5. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 into honeybee, it is characterised in that in dress
Diapause preservation condition after basket described in management process is：At 5-8 DEG C, 60%, intensity of illumination is humid control temperature control
0Lx。
6. collection and management method of a kind of aphid parasite according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 into honeybee, it is characterised in that in dress
The condition of the catalysis aphid parasite emergence speed after basket described in management process is：Plastic crate is catalyzed in being positioned over climate box, weather
At 25 DEG C, 60%, intensity of illumination is 3000Lx to humid control to the temperature control of case.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611000847.5A CN106508818A (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | Adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611000847.5A CN106508818A (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | Adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106508818A true CN106508818A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=58351573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611000847.5A Pending CN106508818A (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | Adult aphidius avenae collecting and managing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106508818A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109937977A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-06-28 | 贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司 | A kind of aphid parasite breeding canopy receives bee system automatically |
| CN110012867A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotten aphid sexupara, male aphid, the female indoor highly effective abductive approach of property |
| CN110771577A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-11 | 西南林业大学 | High-density rapid breeding method for stiff aphids of aphidius gifuensis ashmeads |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109937977A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-06-28 | 贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司 | A kind of aphid parasite breeding canopy receives bee system automatically |
| CN110012867A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotten aphid sexupara, male aphid, the female indoor highly effective abductive approach of property |
| CN110771577A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-11 | 西南林业大学 | High-density rapid breeding method for stiff aphids of aphidius gifuensis ashmeads |
| CN110771577B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-09-24 | 西南林业大学 | High-density rapid breeding method for stiff aphids of aphidius gifuensis ashmeads |
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