CN106498175B - 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 - Google Patents
用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106498175B CN106498175B CN201611112103.2A CN201611112103A CN106498175B CN 106498175 B CN106498175 B CN 106498175B CN 201611112103 A CN201611112103 A CN 201611112103A CN 106498175 B CN106498175 B CN 106498175B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- coil
- induction coil
- liquid metals
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
- C22B9/023—By filtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
- B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/066—Treatment of circulating aluminium, e.g. by filtration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/003—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals by induction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261639196P | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | |
| US61/639,196 | 2012-04-27 | ||
| CN201380022066.4A CN104334758B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
| PCT/IB2013/000775 WO2013160754A1 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | Apparatus and method for priming a molten metal |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380022066.4A Division CN104334758B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106498175A CN106498175A (zh) | 2017-03-15 |
| CN106498175B true CN106498175B (zh) | 2019-03-12 |
Family
ID=48614066
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611112103.2A Active CN106498175B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
| CN201380022066.4A Active CN104334758B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380022066.4A Active CN104334758B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-25 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9605332B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2841608B1 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JP6181743B2 (enExample) |
| KR (2) | KR101750516B1 (enExample) |
| CN (2) | CN106498175B (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2871245C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2740430T3 (enExample) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN09893A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2604082C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013160754A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IN2014DN09893A (enExample) * | 2012-04-27 | 2015-08-07 | Norwegian Univ Sci & Tech Ntnu | |
| EP3463613A4 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-06-19 | Alcoa Canada Co. | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FILTERING METALS |
| DE112017000047B4 (de) * | 2016-09-16 | 2019-04-18 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Metallschmelze in einem Induktionsofen |
| JP7125422B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-10 | 2022-08-24 | パイロテック インコーポレイテッド | フィルタ取扱い工具 |
| CN107916336A (zh) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-17 | 宁夏太阳镁业有限公司 | 一种镁合金精炼坩埚 |
| CA3113525A1 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | Pyrotek, Inc. | Electromagnetic priming of molten metal filters |
| AU2020430989B2 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2024-06-06 | Kenzo Takahashi | Molten metal purification apparatus |
| WO2022045973A1 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-03 | Green Li-Ion Pte. Ltd. | Process for removing impurities in the recycling of lithium-ion batteries |
| JP7472406B2 (ja) | 2022-01-17 | 2024-04-22 | グリーン リチウム－イオン プライベート リミテッド | リン酸鉄リチウム電池の再利用処理 |
| AU2023223959B2 (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2025-04-03 | Green Li-Ion Pte. Ltd | Processes and systems for purifying and recycling lithium-ion battery waste streams |
| CN117716056A (zh) | 2022-04-18 | 2024-03-15 | 绿狮私人有限公司 | 用于从锂离子电池中回收锂的方法和系统 |
| US12322771B2 (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2025-06-03 | Green Li-Ion Pte. Ltd. | Adaptable processes and systems for purifying co-precipitated or independent streams of manganese, nickel, and cobalt from lithium-ion battery waste streams |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4331621A (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1982-05-25 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Method for bonding a gasket seal to surface of ceramic foam filter |
| CN1354267A (zh) * | 2001-11-01 | 2002-06-19 | 上海交通大学 | 去除铝硅合金中铁元素的电磁过滤方法 |
| CN1363700A (zh) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-08-14 | 上海交通大学 | 去除铝熔体中非金属夹杂物的装置 |
| CN104334758B (zh) * | 2012-04-27 | 2016-12-28 | 挪威科技大学 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3893917A (en) | 1974-01-02 | 1975-07-08 | Alusuisse | Molten metal filter |
| JPS51106744A (enExample) * | 1975-03-14 | 1976-09-21 | Sankyo Co | |
| NO148381C (no) * | 1975-03-28 | 1983-09-28 | Alusuisse | Keramisk skumfilter for filtrering av smeltet metall, fremgangsmaate for dets fremstilling samt anvendelse av filtret |
| GB1537548A (en) | 1975-03-28 | 1978-12-29 | Alusuisse | Ceramic foam filters |
| US4024056A (en) | 1975-07-21 | 1977-05-17 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Filtering of molten metal |
| US4212592A (en) | 1978-10-31 | 1980-07-15 | General Electric Company | Electromagnetic pump for molten metals |
| JPS5645717A (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1981-04-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and apparatus for filtration of magnetic coating agent |
| GB8631085D0 (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1987-02-04 | Alcan Int Ltd | Metal treatment |
| FR2614801B1 (fr) | 1987-05-07 | 1989-06-23 | Pechiney Aluminium | Procede de separation par filtration des inclusions contenues dans un bain metallique liquide |
| JPH01127663A (ja) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-05-19 | Fujitsu Ltd | 金属薄膜および薄膜形成用ターゲット材 |
| JPH01127663U (enExample) * | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-31 | ||
| US4834876A (en) | 1988-03-14 | 1989-05-30 | Walker Nicholas G | Filtration assembly having integral heating means for maintaining the metallic material being filtered in the molten state |
| US4909836A (en) | 1988-10-18 | 1990-03-20 | The University Of Alabama | Apparatus and a method for improved filtration of inclusions from molten metal |
| US4990059A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1991-02-05 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for filtering liquid-phase metals |
| JPH10263798A (ja) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-10-06 | Selee Corp | 溶融金属から介在物を除去するための装置 |
| RU2130503C1 (ru) | 1998-06-17 | 1999-05-20 | Красноярский государственный технический университет | Устройство для электромагнитного рафинирования электропроводных расплавов |
| JP2000197947A (ja) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-07-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 非金属介在物の除去方法 |
| CN1151290C (zh) | 2001-02-20 | 2004-05-26 | 上海交通大学 | 铝及铝合金熔体电磁过滤复合净化方法 |
| CN1132947C (zh) | 2001-02-20 | 2003-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | 铝及铝合金熔体电磁过滤复合净化装置 |
| EP1735120B1 (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2010-04-07 | Alcan International Limited | Method of priming filter for molten metal |
| US20070022841A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Lectrotherm, Inc. | Direct casting utilizing stack filtration |
| CN100503875C (zh) | 2007-03-29 | 2009-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | 连续电磁分离热镀锌液中锌渣的方法 |
| EP2462250B1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2017-03-29 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Liquid device having filter |
| US9458523B2 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2016-10-04 | Porvair Plc | Corrosion resistant glass coating applied to ceramic foam used to filter molten aluminum |
| CN201545895U (zh) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-08-11 | 李扬德 | 一种镁合金回收材料重熔精炼装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-04-25 IN IN9893DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN09893A/en unknown
- 2013-04-25 ES ES13728509T patent/ES2740430T3/es active Active
- 2013-04-25 JP JP2015507617A patent/JP6181743B2/ja active Active
- 2013-04-25 CN CN201611112103.2A patent/CN106498175B/zh active Active
- 2013-04-25 US US14/396,968 patent/US9605332B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-25 RU RU2014145808/02A patent/RU2604082C2/ru active IP Right Revival
- 2013-04-25 EP EP13728509.4A patent/EP2841608B1/en active Active
- 2013-04-25 CA CA2871245A patent/CA2871245C/en active Active
- 2013-04-25 KR KR1020147031201A patent/KR101750516B1/ko active Active
- 2013-04-25 CN CN201380022066.4A patent/CN104334758B/zh active Active
- 2013-04-25 WO PCT/IB2013/000775 patent/WO2013160754A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-04-25 KR KR1020177015837A patent/KR101808103B1/ko active Active
-
2017
- 2017-07-20 JP JP2017141024A patent/JP6484674B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4331621A (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1982-05-25 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Method for bonding a gasket seal to surface of ceramic foam filter |
| CN1354267A (zh) * | 2001-11-01 | 2002-06-19 | 上海交通大学 | 去除铝硅合金中铁元素的电磁过滤方法 |
| CN1363700A (zh) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-08-14 | 上海交通大学 | 去除铝熔体中非金属夹杂物的装置 |
| CN104334758B (zh) * | 2012-04-27 | 2016-12-28 | 挪威科技大学 | 用于灌注熔融金属过滤器的装置和方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Electromagnetically Enhanced Filtration of Aluminum Melts;Mark William Kennnedy et al;《TMS LIGHT METALS》;20110531;763-768 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN2014DN09893A (enExample) | 2015-08-07 |
| HK1207126A1 (en) | 2016-01-22 |
| JP2015536808A (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
| EP2841608A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
| ES2740430T3 (es) | 2020-02-05 |
| KR101750516B1 (ko) | 2017-06-23 |
| JP6484674B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
| CN106498175A (zh) | 2017-03-15 |
| WO2013160754A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| JP6181743B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 |
| US20150322543A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
| JP2018024020A (ja) | 2018-02-15 |
| WO2013160754A8 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
| CA2871245C (en) | 2017-10-17 |
| RU2014145808A (ru) | 2016-06-20 |
| CA2871245A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| CN104334758B (zh) | 2016-12-28 |
| KR20170069306A (ko) | 2017-06-20 |
| KR101808103B1 (ko) | 2018-01-18 |
| KR20150018506A (ko) | 2015-02-23 |
| RU2604082C2 (ru) | 2016-12-10 |
| CN104334758A (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
| EP2841608B1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
| US9605332B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
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