CN106487132A - 单相永磁电机 - Google Patents

单相永磁电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106487132A
CN106487132A CN201510551833.1A CN201510551833A CN106487132A CN 106487132 A CN106487132 A CN 106487132A CN 201510551833 A CN201510551833 A CN 201510551833A CN 106487132 A CN106487132 A CN 106487132A
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rotor
electric machine
pawl
poles
earth
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李越
周垂有
王勇
李勇
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DECHANG ELECTRIC MACHINE (SHENZHEN) Co Ltd
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DECHANG ELECTRIC MACHINE (SHENZHEN) Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510551833.1A priority Critical patent/CN106487132A/zh
Priority to DE102016116185.3A priority patent/DE102016116185A1/de
Priority to US15/254,502 priority patent/US10312753B2/en
Priority to KR1020160112482A priority patent/KR20170028267A/ko
Priority to JP2016170702A priority patent/JP2017063602A/ja
Publication of CN106487132A publication Critical patent/CN106487132A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H02K1/143Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores of the horse-shoe type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/145Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/185Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2726Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of a single magnet or two or more axially juxtaposed single magnets
    • H02K1/2733Annular magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/18Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horse-shoe armature cores
    • H02K21/185Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horse-shoe armature cores with the axis of the rotor perpendicular to the plane of the armature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种单相永磁电机,包括定子磁芯以及可转动地设置于定子磁芯内的永磁转子,所述定子磁芯包括有端部以及由端部延伸的极臂,所述极臂包括与端部相连的两连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的两极爪,所述永磁转子设置于两极爪之间,所述转子包括转子磁芯以及嵌设于转子磁芯内的两永磁体,所述转子磁芯由导磁材料制成。转子磁芯的设置提高了转子的磁场强度,提高了电机的功率密度。

Description

单相永磁电机
技术领域
本发明涉及单相永磁电机,尤其涉及具有插入式永磁体的转子的单相永磁电机。
背景技术
单相永磁电机通常由定子磁芯、定子绕组、以及永磁转子构成。其中,定子磁芯通常为U形铁芯,形成有一对极臂,极臂的末端形成一对磁极;定子绕组缠绕于极臂上;永磁转子则可转动地设置于铁芯的磁极之间。对应地,永磁转子包括转轴以及通过注入塑料并包覆成型的方式固定于转轴上的永磁体,所述转子磁芯由导磁材料制成。本发明提供一种新型的单相永磁电机。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种单相永磁电机,包括定子磁芯以及可转动地设置于定子磁芯内的永磁转子,所述定子磁芯包括有端部以及由端部延伸的极臂,所述极臂包括与端部相连的两连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的两极爪,所述永磁转子设置于两极爪之间,所述转子包括转子磁芯以及嵌设于转子磁芯内的两永磁体,所述转子磁芯由导磁材料制成。
相较于现有技术,本发明电机的转子的永磁体插设于转子磁芯内,提高转子的磁场强度,增大电机的功率密度。
附图说明
图1为本发明单相永磁电机一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为图1所示电机的定子磁芯的分解图。
图3为图1所示电机的永磁转子的分解图。
图4为图1所示电机的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其他有益效果显而易见。可以理解,附图仅提供参考与说明用,并非用来对本发明加以限制。附图中显示的尺寸仅仅是为便于清晰描述,而并不限定比例关系。
图1所示为根据本发明一实施例的单相永磁电机的结构示意图,所述电机包括定子磁芯10、缠绕于磁芯10上的绕组(图未示)、以及可转动地设置于磁芯10内的永磁转子12。较佳地,本实施例中,所述磁芯10大致呈U型,磁芯10与转子12分别形成有一对磁极,相互作用推动转子12转动。图示中,电机的部分元件,如绕组、控制绕组电流的电路、电机的外壳等并未示出,其可以是现有单相永磁电机中的相应结构。
所述磁芯10由软磁材料,比如铁磁材料制成。请同时参阅图2及图4,所述磁芯10包括端部14、以及由所述端部14垂直向外伸出的极臂16。本实施例中,所述端部14与极臂16分别成型后通过机械连接的方式相连,方便绕组的缠绕。所述端部14形成有卡槽18,对应地所述极臂16向外凸出形成有卡块20,所述卡块20沿轴向卡入相应的卡槽18内将极臂16与端部14相连形成磁芯10。较佳地,所述卡槽18与卡块20形成燕尾型卡扣连接,避免连接后脱开。在其它实施例中,所述卡槽18也可以形成于极臂16上,相应地所述卡块20形成于端部14上,同样地通过卡扣方式连接形成所述磁芯10。
较佳地,所述端部14与极臂16分别由若干薄片,如矽钢片等堆叠而成。图示中仅示意性示出端部14、极臂16堆叠成型后的整体外形,并未显示多层堆叠的具体结构。为方便薄片的组装,可在每一薄片上均对应地形成装配孔22,本实施例中所述装配孔22为下凹的盲孔,薄片在堆叠时相邻的盲孔之间凹凸配合并卡扣连接,形成端部14与极臂16。
本实施例中,所述极臂16包括两连接臂24以及分别形成于两连接臂24的末端的两极爪26。所述两连接臂24平行间隔设置,每一连接臂24朝向端部14的端面向外凸出形成一所述卡块20。所述端部14整体呈长方体状,在其侧向的两端分别形成所述卡槽18,与两连接臂24的卡块20卡扣连接。所述两极爪26远离端部14,作为定子磁芯10的一对磁极,在绕组通电后被极化,从而两极爪26具有相反的极性。两极爪26之间形成空间28,用于容纳转子12。
本实施例中,每一极爪26的周向的两末端相对连接臂24横向向外伸出并分别与另一极爪26的周向两末端相连,从而两极爪26在周向上相互连接为一体,使得空间28在周向上封闭,在轴向上贯穿磁芯10。所述两极爪26环绕空间28形成极弧面30,所述极弧面30在周向上连续,环绕转子12并与转子12之间形成连续的气隙,有效降低齿槽转矩,使得转子12的运转更为平稳,降低电机的噪音。较佳地,所述极弧面30为大致标准的圆柱面,其与转子12同轴设置,两者之间的径向距离大致恒定,形成基本均匀的气隙,最大程度上避免噪音的产生。
由于两极爪26在周向上相互连接为一体,其相对连接臂24横向伸出的部分在两连接臂24之间形成两壁部32、34,其与两连接臂24及端部14首尾相连,形成不经过转子12的磁路,会在一定程度上形成漏磁。为减少漏磁,在每一壁部32、34的中央形成磁桥36,所述磁桥36的径向厚度小于壁部32、34的其它部位以减小漏磁。优选地,所述壁部32、34的外壁面对应磁桥36的位置处设凹槽38,以尽量减小磁桥36位置处的厚度。所述凹槽38沿轴向延伸,可以是单个或多个,形状可以是圆弧形、方形等。
较佳地,所述极弧面30内凹形成两启动槽40,所述两启动槽40在周向上间隔180度,均偏离极爪26的中心轴X一定角度(如图4所示)。在所述启动槽32位置处,极爪26的极弧面30与转子12之间的气隙增大,使得电机在断电停止运转时,转子12的极轴偏离极爪26的中心轴X一定角度,即避开死点位置,确保电机在再次通电时能够顺利启动。因此,本发明所称定子和转子之间形成基本均匀气隙,是指除了对应启动槽的部分形成基本均匀的气隙。本实施例中,所述两启动槽40与极爪26的中心轴X之间形成较大的夹角,分别与一磁桥36相靠近。
请同时参阅图3及图4,所述永磁转子12包括由矽钢片等堆叠而成的磁芯42、以及嵌设于磁芯42内的两个永磁体44,所述两永磁体44极性相反,使铁芯42极化形成一对磁极,与定子磁芯10作用推动转子12转动。值得说明的是,本发明所称磁芯由软磁材料制成,比如由铁制成,但其材料并不限于铁。
所述转子磁芯42可由多个矽钢片堆叠而成,整体呈圆柱状,其中央形成轴孔46。所述轴孔46用于固定穿设转轴,以连接负载并带动其运转。在所述轴孔46的两侧,铁芯42还对称地形成有两轴向穿孔48,用于嵌设永磁体44,所述穿孔48的大小、形状与永磁体44相对应。本实施例中,所述两永磁体44呈扁平长方体状,其在径向上具有较小的厚度,但在切向上具有较大的宽度。两永磁体44沿径向充磁,平行间隔设置,均靠近铁芯42的外壁面。
本实施例中,所述铁芯42的外壁面相对于转子12的中心轴呈轴对称结构,包括两对称设置的圆弧面50以及连接于两圆弧面50之间的平面52。所述两圆弧面50作为转子12的极弧面,所述两平面52可以用于后续加工、组装等的定位。每一圆弧面50对应一永磁体44,并在周向上完全覆盖所对应的永磁体44。
根据本发明的上述实施例,转子12的永磁体44插入磁芯42内,能够有效提高转子的磁场强度,增大电机的功率密度。另一方面,定子磁芯10的两极爪26相互连接为一体,形成在周向上连续的极弧面30,最大限度地避免了产生齿槽转矩;永磁转子12通过铁芯42内嵌永磁体44构成,磁芯42极化形成接近180度圆心角的两极弧面50;如此转子12在装入定子磁芯10后可以近乎平稳地运转,有效降低噪音的产生。另外,定子磁芯的极爪26虽然连接为一体,但在壁部32、34的中央形成磁桥36,所述磁桥36的径向厚度小于壁部32、34的其它部位,减小漏磁,保证电机的效率,使得本发明单相永磁电机高效且噪音小。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种单相永磁电机,包括定子磁芯以及可转动地设置于定子磁芯内的永磁转子,所述定子磁芯包括有端部以及由端部延伸的极臂,所述极臂包括与端部相连的两连接臂以及形成于连接臂的末端的两极爪,所述永磁转子设置于两极爪之间,其特征在于,所述转子包括转子磁芯以及嵌设于转子磁芯内的多个永磁体,所述转子磁芯由导磁材料制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述永磁体呈扁平的长方体状,永磁体在转子径向上的厚度小于在转子切向上的宽度。
3.如权利要求1所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,永磁体为两个,所述两永磁体平行间隔设置。
4.如权利要求3所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述转子磁芯的外壁面对应所述永磁体形成两极弧面,所述转子磁芯的外壁面还包括两连接于两极弧面的末端之间的平面。
5.如权利要求1所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述相连的两极爪在两连接臂之间形成有壁部,所述壁部的中央形成磁桥,所述壁部在磁桥位置处具有最小径向厚度。
6.如权利要求5所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述磁桥的外壁面上形成有沿轴向延伸的凹槽。
7.如权利要求1所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述定子磁芯的极爪的内表面内凹形成两启动槽,所述两启动槽偏离极爪的中心轴,在周向上两启动槽间隔180度。
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的单相永磁电机,其特征在于,所述端部与极臂分别由若干薄片堆叠而成并机械相连,所述极臂的连接臂与端部其中之一形成有卡槽,其中之另一形成有卡块,所述卡块卡设于卡槽内将极臂与端部连接。
CN201510551833.1A 2015-09-01 2015-09-01 单相永磁电机 Pending CN106487132A (zh)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510551833.1A CN106487132A (zh) 2015-09-01 2015-09-01 单相永磁电机
DE102016116185.3A DE102016116185A1 (de) 2015-09-01 2016-08-31 Einphasiger Permanentmagnetmotor
US15/254,502 US10312753B2 (en) 2015-09-01 2016-09-01 Single phase permanent magnet motor
KR1020160112482A KR20170028267A (ko) 2015-09-01 2016-09-01 단상 영구 자석 모터
JP2016170702A JP2017063602A (ja) 2015-09-01 2016-09-01 単相永久磁石モータ

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DE102018113422A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Motor mit einer Einstrangluftspaltwicklung

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JPH04261346A (ja) * 1991-01-30 1992-09-17 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd ロータリーソレノイドのローター
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CN204992838U (zh) * 2015-09-01 2016-01-20 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 单相永磁电机

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US4691132A (en) * 1985-05-24 1987-09-01 U.S. Philips Corporation Synchronous motor with two-pole permanent-magnet soft-magnetic-core rotor
JPH04261346A (ja) * 1991-01-30 1992-09-17 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd ロータリーソレノイドのローター
US6012217A (en) * 1994-06-06 2000-01-11 General Electric Company Method of fabrication of motor coil stator including bobbin wound coils
JPH10108450A (ja) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-24 Seiko Epson Corp エネルギー変換装置、ステッピングモーター、計時装置、発電装置および電子機器
CN103618427A (zh) * 2013-10-20 2014-03-05 叶露微 一种低成本的微型单相永磁无刷直流电动机
CN204992838U (zh) * 2015-09-01 2016-01-20 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 单相永磁电机

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KR20170028267A (ko) 2017-03-13

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