CN106479622B - 一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN106479622B
CN106479622B CN201610736812.1A CN201610736812A CN106479622B CN 106479622 B CN106479622 B CN 106479622B CN 201610736812 A CN201610736812 A CN 201610736812A CN 106479622 B CN106479622 B CN 106479622B
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向晖
王习光
王一助
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Guangzhou Guoji Lubrication Technology Co., Ltd
Guangzhou Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd
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Guangzhou Jisheng Lubrication Technology Co Ltd
Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于属于润滑油技术领域,公开了一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明是将95~97质量份混合酯基础油在水浴恒温60℃,然后加入0.5~1质量份酚型或胺型抗氧剂、1~1.5质量份极压抗磨剂、0.2~0.3质量份金属钝化剂、0.5~1质量份防锈剂剂、0.1~0.5质量份抗乳化剂、0.5~1质量份摩擦改进剂和0.05~0.1质量份抗泡剂搅拌,过滤得到混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。本发明具有工艺简单、制备成本低和抗冲击能力强的特点,可长期用于重负荷、传动中有振动和冲击、起动频繁的蜗轮蜗杆副。黏温性好,吸附力强,高温下不易从摩擦副表面流失;生物降解能力强,对生态环境无不良影响等特点。

Description

一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油技术领域,具体涉及一种传动油组合物及其制备方法和应用,特别涉及一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
传动装置是齿轮传动的类型之一,用以传递空间交错的两轴之间的动力和运动。蜗轮蜗杆传动具有体积小,传动速比大,运转平稳,噪音小,蜗轮输出转矩大的特点,因而得到了广泛应用。蜗轮蜗杆副多以青铜、黄铜蜗轮和钢质蜗杆 相匹配,蜗杆润滑对蜗轮蜗杆传动有着举足轻重的影响,它可以减少摩擦、减少磨损,提高蜗轮副传动效率及使用寿命。蜗轮蜗杆油应具有良好的润滑性、抗磨性、抗腐蚀防锈性、热氧化安定性和抗乳化性能等。蜗杆传动由于齿面间的滑动较大且齿的接触时间比齿轮传动相对较长,摩擦磨损情况突出,因此,不宜采用一般齿轮油来润滑。
目前,国内使用的传动油多以矿物油为基础油,辅以一定的极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂,防锈剂等添加剂。作为最重要的一种传动油——蜗轮蜗杆油由于制造工艺简单,所以应用环境较为局限:(1)不能长期用于重负荷、传动中有振动和冲击、起动频繁的蜗轮蜗杆副;(2)油温过高容易从摩擦副表面流失,在使用中要避免局部过热和油温在在100℃以上长期运转;(3)生物降解能力差,处理不当会直接污染水和土壤,对环境造成不良影响。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的缺点和不足之处,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。该组合物配方合理、粘温特性好、散热性强、制备工艺简单、应用范围广、使用寿命长、承载能力强、生物降解性能好、对环境无害。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种上述混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种上述一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物的应用。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物,该混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物由以下按质量份数计的组分组成:
Figure BDA0001093313530000021
所述的混合酯基础油为以下混合酯中的一种:酯A、酯B、酯C、混合酯A 和酯B、混合酯A和酯C、混合酯B和酯C;
所述酯A是由95~93质量份1,4-丁二醇与41~43质量份癸二酸混合而成,或95~93质量份1,4-丁二醇与21.5~23.5质量份乙二酸混合而成,或95~93 质量份1,4-丁二醇、41~43质量份癸二酸与21.5~23.5质量份乙二酸混合而成;
所述酯B是由20~23质量份1,4-丁二醇与11.5~13.5质量份邻苯二甲酸混合而成,或20~23质量份丙二醇与33.5~34.5质量份邻苯二甲酸混合而成;
所述酯C是由80~83质量份丙二醇与81.5~83.5质量份已二酸混合而成,或80~83质量份丙二醇与41.5~43.5质量份乙二酸混合而成,或40~43质量份丙二醇、41.5~43.5质量份乙二酸与81.5~83.5质量份已二酸混合而成;
所述混合酯A和酯B是由50~53质量份酯A与47.5~50.5质量份酯B混合而成;
所述混合酯A和酯C是由46~49质量份酯A与42~45质量份酯C混合而成;
所述混合酯B和酯C是由50~55质量份酯B与42~44.5质量份酯C混合而成。
所述混合酯是将各原料置于带搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,在75℃下加热3h,混合均匀后制得。
所述酚型或胺型抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯基-α- 苯胺、辛基/丁基二苯胺和二异辛基二苯胺中的一种以上;
所述极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、硫代磷酸胺盐和二硫化磷酸盐中的一种以上;
所述金属钝化剂为苯并三唑、甲苯基三唑、苯并咪唑和噻二唑衍生物中的一种以上;
所述防锈剂为脂肪酸酰胺、烯基丁二酸酯、硼酸胺和羧酸胺中的一种以上;
所述抗乳化剂为环氧丙烷、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和高分子聚醚中的一种以上;
所述摩擦改进剂为硫磷酸钼、脂肪醇、脂肪酸和脂肪酰胺盐中的一种以上;
所述抗泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷、有机硅酸酯、二甲基硅油和聚丙烯酸中的一种以上;
上述混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将95~97质量份混合酯基础油加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温 60℃,然后加入0.5~1质量份酚型或胺型抗氧剂、1~1.5质量份极压抗磨剂、0.2~ 0.3质量份金属钝化剂、0.5~1质量份防锈剂剂、0.1~0.5质量份抗乳化剂、0.5~ 1质量份摩擦改进剂和0.05~0.1质量份抗泡剂,搅拌,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
所述搅拌的速度为60~100rpm,搅拌时间为5~7小时。
上述混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物在减速机、升降机领域中的应用。
与现有的方法相比,本发明具有以下优点及有益效果:
本发明具有工艺简单、制备成本低和产品抗冲击能力强的特点,可长期用于重负荷、传动中有振动和冲击、起动频繁的蜗轮蜗杆副;黏温性好,吸附力强,高温下不易从摩擦副表面流失;生物降解能力强,对生态环境无不良影响。
具体实施方法
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
将96质量份酯A(所述酯A是将1,4-丁二醇、癸二酸与乙二酸按4.5:2:1 的质量比置于带搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,在75℃下加热3h,混合均匀后制得)加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入1质量份2、6-二叔丁基酚、1质量份磷酸酯、0.3质量份苯并三唑、0.5质量份脂肪酸酰胺、0.1质量份环氧丙烷、1质量份硫磷酸钼和0.1质量份二甲基硅氧烷,以60~100rpm搅拌5~7小时,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
实施例2
将95质量份酯B(所述酯B是将1,4-丁二醇与邻苯二甲酸按2:1的质量比置于带搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,在75℃下加热3h,混合均匀后制得) 加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入1质量份2、6-二叔丁基对甲酚、1质量份硫代磷酸胺盐、0.75质量份磷酸酯、0.2质量份甲苯基三唑、0.5质量份烯基丁二酸酯、0.5质量份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1质量份硫磷酸钼和0.05质量份有机硅酸酯,以60~100rpm搅拌5~7小时,再在 0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
实施例3
将97质量份酯C(所述酯C是将丙二醇、乙二酸和已二酸按2:2;1的质量比置于带搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,在75℃下加热3h,混合均匀后制得) 加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入0.5质量份苯基-α-苯胺、1质量份磷酸酯、0.2质量份苯并咪唑、0.5质量份硼酸胺、0.16 质量份环氧丙烷、0.5质量份脂肪醇和0.05质量份二甲基硅油,以60~100rpm 搅拌5~7小时,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
实施例4
将50质量份实施例1所使用的酯A与45.25质量份实施例2所使用的酯B 加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入1质量份2、6-二叔丁基酚、0.5质量份磷酸酯、0.5质量份亚磷酸酯、0.2质量份苯并三唑、1质量份脂肪酸酰胺、0.5质量份环氧丙烷、1质量份硫磷酸钼、0.05质量份二甲基硅氧烷,以60~100rpm搅拌5~7小时,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
实施例5
将49质量份实施例1所使用的酯A与46.5质量份实施例3所使用的酯C加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入0.5质量份苯基-α-苯胺、0.5质量份辛基/丁基二苯胺、1.4质量份硫代磷酸胺盐、0.3质量份噻二唑、0.6质量份羧酸胺、0.1质量份环氧丙烷、1质量份硫磷酸钼、0.1质量份有机硅酸酯,以60~100rpm搅拌5~7小时,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
实施例6
将50质量份实施例2所使用的酯B与45.5质量份实施例3所使用的酯C加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入0.75质量份2、6-二叔丁基酚、0.5质量份磷酸酯、1质量份硫代磷酸胺盐、0.2质量份苯并三唑、1质量份烯基丁二酸酯、0.5质量份环氧丙烷、0.5质量份脂肪醇、0.05 质量份聚二甲基硅氧烷,以60~100rpm搅拌5~7小时,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到均匀透明的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
对上述实施例1-6获得的混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物与市售普通蜗轮蜗杆油做对比试验,经测试结果如表1所示:
表1本发明混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物的性能检测数据
Figure BDA0001093313530000061
由表1可以看出,在黏温性、低温性、氧化安定性、高温抗磨性及抗压性方面,本发明混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物均高于市售普通蜗轮蜗杆油。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物,其特征在于:该混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物由以下按质量份数计的组分组成:
混合酯基础油 95~97份
酚型或胺型抗氧剂 0.5~1份
极压抗磨剂 1~1.5份
金属钝化剂 0.2~0.3份
防锈剂 0.5~1份
抗乳化剂 0.1~0.5份
磨擦改进剂 0.5~1份
抗泡剂 0.05~0.1份;
所述的混合酯基础油为以下混合酯中的一种:酯A、酯B、酯C、混合酯A和酯B、混合酯A和酯C、混合酯B和酯C;
所述酯A是由95~93质量份1,4-丁二醇与41~43质量份癸二酸混合而成,或95~93质量份1,4-丁二醇与21.5~23.5质量份乙二酸混合而成,或95~93质量份1,4-丁二醇、41~43质量份癸二酸与21.5~23.5质量份乙二酸混合而成;
所述酯B是由20~23质量份1,4-丁二醇与11.5~13.5质量份邻苯二甲酸混合而成,或20~23质量份丙二醇与33.5~34.5质量份邻苯二甲酸混合而成;
所述酯C是由80~83质量份丙二醇与81.5~83.5质量份已二酸混合而成,或80~83质量份丙二醇与41.5~43.5质量份乙二酸混合而成,或40~43质量份丙二醇、41.5~43.5质量份乙二酸与81.5~83.5质量份已二酸混合而成;
所述混合酯A和酯B是由50~53质量份酯A与47.5~50.5质量份酯B混合而成;
所述混合酯A和酯C是由46~49质量份酯A与42~45质量份酯C混合而成;
所述混合酯B和酯C是由50~55质量份酯B与42~44.5质量份酯C混合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物,其特征在于:所述混合酯是将各原料置于带搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,在75℃下加热3h,混合均匀后制得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物,其特征在于:所述酚型或胺型抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯基-α-苯胺、辛基/丁基二苯胺和二异辛基二苯胺中的一种以上;
所述极压抗磨剂为磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、硫代磷酸胺盐和二硫化磷酸盐中的一种以上;
所述金属钝化剂为苯并三唑、甲苯基三唑、苯并咪唑和噻二唑衍生物中的一种以上;
所述防锈剂为脂肪酸酰胺、烯基丁二酸酯、硼酸胺和羧酸胺中的一种以上;
所述抗乳化剂为环氧丙烷、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和高分子聚醚中的一种以上;
所述摩擦改进剂为硫磷酸钼、脂肪醇、脂肪酸和脂肪酰胺盐中的一种以上;
所述抗泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷、有机硅酸酯、二甲基硅油和聚丙烯酸中的一种以上。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:将95~97质量份混合酯基础油加入到带有搅拌装置和水浴装置的三口烧瓶中,水浴恒温60℃,然后加入0.5~1质量份酚型或胺型抗氧剂、1~1.5质量份极压抗磨剂、0.2~0.3质量份金属钝化剂、0.5~1质量份防锈剂、0.1~0.5质量份抗乳化剂、0.5~1质量份摩擦改进剂和0.05~0.1质量份抗泡剂,搅拌,再在0.2MPa下进行过滤,得到混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述搅拌的速度为60~100rpm,搅拌时间为5~7小时。
6.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的一种混合酯型蜗轮蜗杆油组合物在减速机、升降机领域中的应用。
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