CN109233955A - 一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109233955A
CN109233955A CN201811196301.0A CN201811196301A CN109233955A CN 109233955 A CN109233955 A CN 109233955A CN 201811196301 A CN201811196301 A CN 201811196301A CN 109233955 A CN109233955 A CN 109233955A
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CN109233955B (zh
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王欣
卢裕灿
洪双
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Nanjing Rongze Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法，其原料组成为合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂、粘度调节剂、复合缓蚀剂、防腐杀菌剂、消泡剂和水。本发明采用了合成酯与矿物油的复配，可提供强有力的润滑膜，同时具备极佳的附着性，使料缸与冲头之间充分润滑，确保熔融金属的流动性，提高铸造效率，同时烟气及燃烧问题的解决，也提高了铸件质量，对操作人员危害小。

Description

一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及精细化工领域，具体涉及一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法。
背景技术
在经济高速增长的背景下，压铸行业从二十世纪九十年代以来，取得了飞速的发展，生产的压铸件已广泛应用于汽车、通讯、家用电器以及五金等各个行业，尤其汽车的轻量化趋势，给压铸行业提供了巨大的市场需求，同时，也对铸件质量提出了更高要求。
在压铸生产过程中，压铸机冲头与金属熔融液直接接触，同时与料缸高速摩擦，冲头处于高温高压高摩擦条件下长时间工作，因此必须进行合理的冷却与润滑。目前冲头主要采用冲头油与冲头颗粒进行润滑，冲头油主要成分为矿物油类化合物，冲头颗粒的主要成分为蜡类，均具有一定润滑效果。一方面，合适的润滑使合金的充填过程比较顺畅，同时减少冲头材料磨损，延长冲头的使用寿命，另一方面，冲头与料缸的配合间隙得到填充，可保护料缸末端并协助生产优质铸件。然而，由于大量油性物质存在，当其与熔融金属液接触时易燃烧，产生大量烟气，对操作人员及车间环境造成一定负面影响，同时也增加了铸件卷气与氧化夹杂现象出现的几率，造成一定的铸件质量下降。
与上述油基材料相比，水基冲头油中油性物质较少，其水分蒸发后形成的润滑层与金属熔融液接触时不产生烟气，未增加铸件中的含气量，故而提高了铸件的质量，同时润滑更加均匀，缓冲了浇注时金属熔融液的冲击，减轻了浇料点的腐蚀。目前，国内水性冲头润滑材料应用还未大规模普及，随着压铸技术的深入发展和社会环保意识的加强，其未来应会有更大的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油及其制备方法，采用了合成酯与矿物油的复配，提高铸造效率及质量，对操作人员危害小，是一种环境友好型产品。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯、蓖麻油酸聚酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的至少一种；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为10～45mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂；
所述的乳化稳定剂为脂肪醇、脂肪醚或二者的混合物；
所述的粘度调节剂为羧甲基素醚类、聚丙烯酸酯类、改性聚氨酯类中的一种；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为硼酸盐类物质、磷酸盐类物质与咪唑啉类物质的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为吗啉衍生物或三嗪类杀菌剂；
所述的消泡剂为乳化硅油、聚醚接枝改性的有机硅或合成型聚醚消泡剂。
所述的表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚、吐温中的一种或多种组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为10～14。
所述的乳化稳定剂为二乙二醇单丁醚、二丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚中的至少一种。
所述的硼酸类物质为四硼酸钠。
所述的磷酸盐类物质为三聚磷酸钠或六偏磷酸钠。
本发明还公布了上述高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，包含以下具体步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中再依次加入粘度调节剂、复合缓蚀剂、防腐杀菌剂、消泡剂以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明采用了合成酯与矿物油的复配，可提供强有力的润滑膜，同时具备极佳的附着性，使料缸与冲头之间充分润滑，确保熔融金属的流动性，提高铸造效率，同时烟气及燃烧问题的解决，也提高了铸件质量，对操作人员危害小。其中，作为主要成分的合成酯，其分子结构中的酯基官能团使其容易被降解，是一种环境友好型产品。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为蓖麻油酸聚酯；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为12～18mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚与吐温中的组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为13.3；
所述的乳化稳定剂为二丙二醇甲醚与丙二醇丁醚的组合物；
所述的粘度调节剂为聚丙烯酸酯类化合物；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为硼酸盐化合物与磷酸盐化合物的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为吗啉衍生物；
所述的消泡剂为合成型聚醚消泡剂；
上述的一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中，再依次加入粘度调节剂，复合缓蚀剂，防腐杀菌剂，消泡剂，以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
实施例2
一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为季戊四醇油酸酯；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为35～45mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚与吐温的组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为13.5；
所述的乳化稳定剂为二乙二醇单丁醚与丙二醇丁醚的组合物；
所述的粘度调节剂为改性聚氨酯类化合物；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为硼酸盐化合物，磷酸盐化合物与咪唑啉类化合物的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为三嗪类杀菌剂；
所述的消泡剂为聚醚接枝改性的有机硅；
上述的一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中，再依次加入粘度调节剂，复合缓蚀剂，防腐杀菌剂，消泡剂，以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
实施例3
一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为季戊四醇油酸酯；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为25～30mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚与异构醇聚氧乙烯醚的组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为12.8；
所述的乳化稳定剂为二乙二醇单丁醚；
所述的粘度调节剂为羧甲基素醚类化合物；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为磷酸盐化合物与咪唑啉类化合物的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为三嗪类杀菌剂；
所述的消泡剂为乳化硅油；
上述的一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中，再依次加入粘度调节剂，复合缓蚀剂，防腐杀菌剂，消泡剂，以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
实施例4
一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为12～18mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚的组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为13.5；
所述的乳化稳定剂为二乙二醇单丁醚与丙二醇丁醚的组合物；
所述的粘度调节剂为羧甲基素醚类化合物；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为硼酸盐化合物与咪唑啉类化合物的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为吗啉衍生物；
所述的消泡剂为聚醚接枝改性的有机硅；
上述的一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中，再依次加入粘度调节剂，复合缓蚀剂，防腐杀菌剂，消泡剂，以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
将上述的实施例1～4所得的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的润滑性和防锈性等方面的技术指标分别检测结果见下表：
由上表中的数据可以看出，本发明的一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的润滑性、防锈性能均表现优异，且室温放置3个月依然不分层，具有优异的稳定性能，制备工艺简单可行。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，依据本发明的技术实质，对以上实施例所作的任何简单的修改、等同替换与改进等，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，其特征在于：按重量百分比计算，其原料组成及含量如下：
其中，所述的合成酯为三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯、蓖麻油酸聚酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的至少一种；
所述的矿物油为Ⅱ类加氢基础油，40℃时的运动粘度为10～45mm2/s；
所述的表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂；
所述的乳化稳定剂为脂肪醇、脂肪醚或二者的混合物；
所述的粘度调节剂为羧甲基素醚类、聚丙烯酸酯类、改性聚氨酯类中的一种；
所述的复合缓蚀剂为硼酸盐类物质、磷酸盐类物质与咪唑啉类物质的组合物；
所述的防腐杀菌剂为吗啉衍生物或三嗪类杀菌剂；
所述的消泡剂为乳化硅油、聚醚接枝改性的有机硅或合成型聚醚消泡剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，其特征在于：所述的表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚、吐温中的一种或多种组合物，复合表面活性剂的HLB值为10～14。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，其特征在于：所述的乳化稳定剂为二乙二醇单丁醚、二丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，其特征在于：所述的硼酸类物质为四硼酸钠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油，其特征在于：所述的磷酸盐类物质为三聚磷酸钠或六偏磷酸钠。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的高性能环境友好型水性冲头油的制备方法，其特征在于：包含以下具体步骤：
步骤1，将合成酯、矿物油、表面活性剂、乳化稳定剂及部分量的水按转相乳化法制成相应的合成酯乳液及矿物油乳液，并将其混合搅拌均匀；
步骤2，向上述乳液中再依次加入粘度调节剂、复合缓蚀剂、防腐杀菌剂、消泡剂以及余量的水，充分搅拌，得到高性能环境友好型水性冲头油。
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