CN106478293A - A kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
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- PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC(=O)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3O)=CC=C21 PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment, belongs to Hylocereus undatuss planting technology field.Methods described is：(1) booth is divided into some compartments, the outer surface plastic foam of booth or straw seat, inner greenhouse ground face is paved with thermal barrier, and electric filament lamp and steam heating pipe heating are installed, compartment arranges temperature control heating device, is simultaneously installed with some ventilators；(2) by Hylocereus undatuss seed in soil and fertilizer bag, and uniformly sprinkle Testa oryzae on soil and fertilizer bag surface；(3) gondola water faucet is installed directly over soil and fertilizer bag, gondola water faucet connects automatic water pump composition automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system；(4) daily management.The present invention mode of temperature automatically controlled, ventilation, insulation, makes Hylocereus undatuss keep optimal growth temperature；With automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system to Hylocereus undatuss watering, go and buy Chinese medicine and topdress, improve Hylocereus undatuss plantation efficiency, save cost of labor, planted using soil and fertilizer bag simultaneously, not only dewatering but also fertilizer efficiency are concentrated, and substantially increase the planting benefit of Hylocereus undatuss.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to Hylocereus undatuss planting technology field is and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment.
【Background technology】
Hylocereus undatuss are the torrid zone, subtropical fruit, and its cultivation technique is simple.Property happiness warm moist, resistance to shade impoverishment tolerant, growth
Optimum temperature is 25～35 DEG C, but the place that year lowest temperature is higher than 5 DEG C all can outdoor be planted.Requirement to soil is not tight, level land,
Paddy field, hillside or nonirrigated farmland all can be cultivated, well-grown in fertile, well-drained neutrality or subacidity Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith earth or loam,
Tool aerial root, how strong root is, vitality and its vigorous.Propagation method mainly adopts cuttage and grafting, and general line-spacing 6 during plantation～
7m, spacing in the rows 3～4m, every mu of setting 24～38 caves, 3～4 plants of every cave.Some fertilizers, summer high-temperature is suitably applied during management
Arid notes irrigating, and the rainy day notes draining flooded fields, anti-hydrops, it is to avoid antibacterial, fungal infection.Typically seldom there is pest and disease damage, even if having
A small amount of generation, just can be processed using the pesticide of some high-efficiency low-toxicities and prevent.The phase of yielding positive results of Hylocereus undatuss is annual 5～
In November, can harvest when fruit gradually becomes aubergine by green.The exploitation of Hylocereus undatuss is in higher fatty acid, high heat, high protein
Eating patterns lead to hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemic patients increasing today, have the Hylocereus undatuss of aesthetic health care double effects it may be said that
It is the optimum selection of people.In addition to eating raw, its flower and fruit all can be processed into various nutritional health foods to Hylocereus undatuss, such as Hylocereus undatuss
Juice, beans, dried meat and tinned drink etc., unique flavor.Flower and stem all can be used as medicine, if the effective ingredient processing of its flower and stem can be extracted
Become the medicines such as capsule, pill, largely effective to treatment hypertension, diabetes.In addition, the stem of Hylocereus undatuss is precious cactus transferring
The preferable stock connecing, can be fabricated to the gardening plant that family views and admires Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., various strange Caulis Echinopsis Multiplicis grafting thereon
Thing, and the flower of Hylocereus undatuss and fruit intrinsic colour are also very bright-coloured, therefore can also view and admire directly as potted landscape and garden cultivation.
Hylocereus undatuss are shorter in the cultivation history of China, only rise in the part provinces and regions such as Taiwan, Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian at present,
Cultivated area is also extremely limited, and this year, the market price in Chaozhou was 6～10 yuan/, formed the huge spread supplying and needing, to sum up institute
State, the DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT of Hylocereus undatuss is boundless.
Hylocereus undatuss belong to tropical plants, in the control and the assurance that it is critical only that its growth temperature of subtropical zone plantation.According to
With it was verified that Hylocereus undatuss are in 5 DEG C and following environment, vital movement stops information, results even in its dead, this one-tenth
Carry out planting the primary problem needing to solve in subtropical zones for Hylocereus undatuss.Solution is at present：The measure of insulation is mainly adopted
With the method for bilayer film plus straw screen or mat, this method haves such problems as that fog is big, stuffy, light difference, is easily that plant must be planted
Thing disease.Publication number CN101715682B " implantation methods of pitaya in low-temperature environment " illustrates to use electric-heating-wire-heating in booth,
And rice husk etc. is spread on heating wire, in the case of easily causing the excessive abundance in oxygen of heating, the substance combustion such as rice husk is made
Become dangerous, and existing heating wire in booth, have the electric light of high wattage again, easily cause that temperature is too high to make Hylocereus undatuss Seedling or tree lose
Deactivation, leads to death, and therefore completing temperature control with the method automatically controlling becomes low temperature environment plantation Hylocereus undatuss
Crucial.
【Content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, provide a kind of plantation of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment
Method, the present invention mode of temperature automatically controlled, automatic air-exchanging, insulation, make Hylocereus undatuss be maintained at 25～35 DEG C in the environment
Optimal growth temperature；Sprinkled water, go and buy Chinese medicine and topdress to Hylocereus undatuss with automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, improve the greenhouse gardening effect of Hylocereus undatuss
Rate, has saved cost of labor, plants Hylocereus undatuss using soil and fertilizer bag simultaneously, not only can make fertilizer bag dewatering and fertilizer efficiency collection
In, soil and fertilizer bag can be reused, substantially increase the planting benefit of Hylocereus undatuss.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of present invention Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment, comprise the following steps：
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, then booth is divided into 150～200m2Some compartments, booth
Outer surface all coats thickness and is not less than the plastic foam of 5cm or straw seat, each compartment ground in booth be all paved with every
Hot thing forms the thermal insulation layer of 5-10cm, and each compartment installs the electric filament lamp of 4～6 100～200W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating installation
Heating to compartment in section of jurisdiction, also arranges temperature control heating device in each compartment, the wall of each compartment is provided with some ventilators,
Ventilator is connected with outdoor；
(2) according to line-spacing 6～7m in each compartment, spacing in the rows 3～4m places planting soil fertilizer bag, and soil and fertilizer bag is put
On thermal insulation layer, Hylocereus undatuss seed is implanted in soil and fertilizer bag, with the root of Hylocereus undatuss Seedling for the center of circle in soil and fertilizer bag
The Testa oryzae after last layer 5～10cm is uniformly spread on surface；
(3) directly over the soil and fertilizer bag of each Hylocereus undatus plantation, gondola water faucet, all of flower are installed in the position of 2.0～3.0m
Spill and connect to automatic water pump through water pipe, regularly sprinkle water, chase after foliage fertilizer or insecticide to Hylocereus undatuss；
(4) management of other daily Hylocereus undatuss plantations.
Temperature control heating device used by the present invention is automatic heating, can be automatically turned on according to ambient temperature or close heating
Device, when the ambient temperature of compartment is between 25～35 DEG C, is Hylocereus undatuss optimum growth temp scope, temperature control heating device is not
Start, start and start compartment environment is heated when the ambient temperature in compartment is less than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices, until compartment
After interior temperature reaches more than 25 DEG C, temperature control heating device quits work again, the effect of temperature control heating device be exactly for compensate every
Between temperature, make compartment provide best growing environment temperature for Hylocereus undatuss.
Also have temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly on ventilator used by the present invention
Dynamic startup ventilatory, changed once gas, time of exchanging gas 10～20min simultaneously every 8～10 hours；Use greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss,
In booth, humidity height, fog are big, stuffy, and the easily normal growth breathing to Hylocereus undatuss impacts, and causes plant pestilence
Epidemic disease, timing or temperature control ventilation, you can cause Hylocereus undatuss growth activity to be deteriorated to prevent compartment interior temperature from spending height, can guarantee that compartment again
Interior humidity environment, reduces the impact that undesirable element is grown up to Hylocereus undatuss plant.
The soil and fertilizer bag that the present invention uses is loaded after being mixed homogeneously with plastic foam by fertilizer, hack and additive to be compiled
Knit bag composition, wherein fertilizer：Hack：Plastic foam particle：The weight ratio of additive is (10～12):(40～50):(1～
2):(0.8～1.2), soil and fertilizer bag not only convenient in carrying, and also fertilizer efficiency is concentrated, and dewatering is good；In addition also have in soil and fertilizer bag
Plastic foam particle, the particle diameter of granule is not more than 5cm, and plastic foam particle can make the material in soil and fertilizer bag loose, promotes
The breathing of Hylocereus undatuss plant root, beneficial to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and plastic foam particle also has the solid fertile effect of water conservation,
Fertilizer efficiency slow release can be made, extend fertilizer efficiency.
Invention also uses fertilizer, the composition of fertilizer and weight are than for barnyard manure：Phosphate fertilizer:Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is
20:3:2:～10:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer be one of fishbone powder, shrimp powder or two kinds mixing, in addition, used by the present invention every
Hot thing is the mixing of one or more of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice husk or wood flour, plays and reduces the effect that heat scatters and disappears；Chinese medicine of the present invention
The raw material composition that insect protected substrate is and parts by weight are：35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, 68 parts of Bulbus Allii, 60 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder, dried Alumen 85
Part, 64 parts of 70 parts of sulfur of Cortex Meliae, 60 parts of Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle leaf, 40 parts of Semen Arecae；Medicine in Chinese medicine insect protected substrate effectively becomes
Divide and can invade in polypide from pathogenic bacteria or any position of polypide, the stimulation to pathogenic bacteria and the nervous system of insecticide have great destruction
Power, leads to death.
Additive is also contained, additive is 1.1 parts of cobaltous chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid in the soil and fertilizer bag of the present invention
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of potassium iodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of root nodule bacteria, 0.15 part of sporeformer, add
It is the necessary trace element of Hylocereus undatuss plant in agent, not only contribute to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence, plays the effect of disease resistance.
In addition, the present invention also installs the electric filament lamp of 4～6 100～200W in each compartment, not only can to compartment plus
Heat, and provide sufficient illumination can to the plant of Hylocereus undatuss, provide illumination condition for Hylocereus undatuss plant photosynthesis, and
Sufficient light application time also can accelerate the growth of Hylocereus undatuss, shortens fruit-growing time, improves the yield of Hylocereus undatuss, improves Planting household
Economic benefit.
In sum, due to employing technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The present invention adopts automatic temperature-controlled
Heater heats to booth compartment, changes in compartment air using automatic scavenging machine and adjusts humidity in compartment, with insulation
Plastic foam covers booth and the ground that is paved with compartment with thermal barrier, it is possible to reduce the scattering and disappearing of compartment heat, make Hylocereus undatuss every
Between keep 25～35 DEG C of optimal growth temperature in environment；Automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is sprinkled water, gos and buy Chinese medicine and is topdressed to Hylocereus undatuss, improves
The greenhouse gardening efficiency of Hylocereus undatuss, has saved cost of labor, plants Hylocereus undatuss using soil and fertilizer bag simultaneously, not only can drip
Unnecessary water, and the fertilizer of plantation can be made more to concentrate, it is not required to before plantation arrange soil, has saved the more time, in addition soil
Employ plastic foam particle in earth fertilizer, there is the solid fertile effect of water conservation it is also possible to make soil and fertilizer loose, soil and fertilizer bag
Surface Hylocereus undatuss plant root uses Testa oryzae, not only can suppress the growth of other weeds, and can reduce in fertilizer bag
Moisture accelerates because compartment temperature is high to evaporate.
In sum, the present invention can at low ambient temperatures, using greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss, and greenhouse-environment temperature control
Good, implantation methods are simple, and the efficiency of management is high, and the soil and fertilizer bag planted not only exempts to arrange, and can reuse, greatly
Save greatly cost of labor, improve the planting benefit of Hylocereus undatuss.
【Specific embodiment】
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment, comprise the following steps：
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, then booth is divided into 150m2Some compartments, the appearance of booth
Face all coats plastic foam or the straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and each compartment ground in booth is all paved with 5cm thickness
Rice husk forms thermal insulation layer, and each compartment installs the electric filament lamp of 4 100W, not only can heat to compartment, and can give HUOLONG
The plant of fruit provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition for Hylocereus undatuss plant photosynthesis, and the light application time of abundance
The growth of Hylocereus undatuss can be accelerated, shorten fruit-growing time, improve the yield of Hylocereus undatuss, improve the economic benefit of Planting household.In addition, it is every
Individual compartment is respectively provided with heating installation section of jurisdiction and heats to compartment, also arranges temperature control heating device it is preferable that this temperature control heating in each compartment
Device is automatic heating, can be automatically turned on according to ambient temperature or close heater, when the ambient temperature of compartment is at 25 DEG C
Between when, be Hylocereus undatuss optimum growth temp scope, temperature control heating device does not start, when the ambient temperature in compartment be less than 25 DEG C
Temperature control heating device starts and starts compartment environment is heated, after temperature reaches more than 25 DEG C in the compartment, temperature control heating dress
Put and quit work, the effect of temperature control heating device is exactly the temperature being used for compensating compartment, so that compartment is provided for Hylocereus undatuss best
Growing environment temperature.In addition, being provided with some ventilators on the wall of this each compartment of booth, ventilator is connected with outdoor
Logical；Preferably, ventilator also have temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator automatic is changed
Airway dysfunction, changed once gas, time of exchanging gas 10min simultaneously every 8 hours；Use greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss, humidity height, fog in booth
Greatly, stuffy, the easily normal growth breathing to Hylocereus undatuss impacts, and causes plant pestilence, timing or temperature control ventilation,
Can prevent compartment interior temperature from spending height causes Hylocereus undatuss growth activity to be deteriorated, and can guarantee that the humidity environment in compartment again, reduces
The impact that undesirable element is grown up to Hylocereus undatuss plant.
(2) according to line-spacing 6m in each compartment, spacing in the rows 3m is placed planting soil fertilizer bag, Hylocereus undatuss seed is implanted in soil
In earth fertilizer bag, the Testa oryzae after last layer 5cm is uniformly spread on soil and fertilizer bag surface with the root of Hylocereus undatuss Seedling for the center of circle；Should
The soil and fertilizer bag that step uses is loaded woven bag after being mixed homogeneously with plastic foam by fertilizer, hack and additive and forms,
Wherein fertilizer：Hack：Plastic foam particle：The weight of additive is than for 10:40:1:0.8, the soil and fertilizer bag not only side of carrying
Just, and fertilizer efficiency is concentrated, dewatering is good；In fertilizer bag, each component situation is：
The composition of fertilizer and weight are than for barnyard manure：Phosphate fertilizer:Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is 20:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is fishbone
Powder；The raw material composition that Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is and parts by weight are：35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, 68 parts of Bulbus Allii, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder 60
Part, 85 parts of dried Alumen, 64 parts of 70 parts of sulfur of Cortex Meliae, 60 parts of Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle leaf, 40 parts of Semen Arecae；In Chinese medicine insect protected substrate
Effective ingredient can invade in polypide from pathogenic bacteria or any position of polypide, and the stimulation to pathogenic bacteria and the nervous system of insecticide have
Greatly destructive power, leads to death.
Additive consists of 1.1 parts of cobaltous chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, 0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 1.1 parts of potassium iodate, sodium selenate
0.4 part, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of root nodule bacteria, 0.15 part of sporeformer, in additive be the necessary micro unit of Hylocereus undatuss plant
Element, not only contributes to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and can improve the immunocompetence of plant, play the effect of disease resistance.
The particle diameter of plastic foam particle is not more than 5cm, and plastic foam particle can make the material in soil and fertilizer bag loose, promotees
Enter the breathing of Hylocereus undatuss plant root, beneficial to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and plastic foam particle also has the solid fertile work of water conservation
With fertilizer efficiency slow release can be made, and extend fertilizer efficiency.
(3) directly over the soil and fertilizer bag of each Hylocereus undatus plantation, gondola water faucet, all of gondola water faucet warp are installed in the position of 2.0m
Water pipe connects to automatic water pump, regularly sprinkles water, chases after foliage fertilizer or insecticide to Hylocereus undatuss；
(4) management of other daily Hylocereus undatuss plantations.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment, comprise the following steps：
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, then booth is divided into 200m2Some compartments, the appearance of booth
Face all coats plastic foam or the straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and it is thick that each compartment ground in booth is all paved with 10cm
Caulis et Folium Oryzae formed thermal insulation layer, each compartment install 6 200W electric filament lamp, each compartment be respectively provided with heating installation section of jurisdiction to compartment supply
Warm, also temperature control heating device is set in each compartment, the wall of each compartment is provided with some ventilators, ventilator and outdoor
Connection；
(2) according to line-spacing 7m in each compartment, spacing in the rows 4m is placed planting soil fertilizer bag, Hylocereus undatuss seed is implanted in soil
In earth fertilizer bag, the Testa oryzae after last layer 10cm is uniformly spread on soil and fertilizer bag surface with the root of Hylocereus undatuss Seedling for the center of circle；
(3) directly over the soil and fertilizer bag of each Hylocereus undatus plantation, gondola water faucet, all of gondola water faucet warp are installed in the position of 3.0m
Water pipe connects to automatic water pump, regularly sprinkles water, chases after foliage fertilizer or insecticide to Hylocereus undatuss；
(4) management of other daily Hylocereus undatuss plantations.
Temperature control heating device used by the present invention is automatic heating, can be automatically turned on according to ambient temperature or close heating
Device, when the ambient temperature of compartment is between 35 DEG C, is Hylocereus undatuss optimum growth temp scope, temperature control heating device does not open
Dynamic, start and start compartment environment is heated when the ambient temperature in compartment is less than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices, in compartment
After temperature reaches more than 25 DEG C, temperature control heating device quits work again, and the effect of temperature control heating device is exactly to be used for compensating compartment
Temperature, make compartment provide best growing environment temperature for Hylocereus undatuss.
Also have temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly on ventilator used by the present invention
Dynamic startup ventilatory, changed once gas, time of exchanging gas 20min simultaneously every 10 hours；Use greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss, booth endogenous dampness
Degree is high, fog is big, stuffy, and the easily normal growth breathing to Hylocereus undatuss impacts, and causes plant pestilence, timing or
Temperature control is taken a breath, you can causes Hylocereus undatuss growth activity to be deteriorated to prevent compartment interior temperature from spending height, can guarantee that the humidity in compartment again
Environment, reduces the impact that undesirable element is grown up to Hylocereus undatuss plant.
The soil and fertilizer bag that the present invention uses is loaded after being mixed homogeneously with plastic foam by fertilizer, hack and additive to be compiled
Knit bag composition, soil and fertilizer bag is made up of fertilizer, hack, plastic foam particle, additive and woven bag, wherein fertilizer：
Hack：Plastic foam particle：The weight of additive is than for 12:50:2:1.2, soil and fertilizer bag not only convenient in carrying, and fertilizer efficiency
Concentrate, dewatering is good；In addition also has plastic foam particle in soil and fertilizer bag, the particle diameter of granule is not more than 5cm, plastic foam particle
The material in soil and fertilizer bag can be made loose, promote the breathing of Hylocereus undatuss plant root, beneficial to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and
Plastic foam particle also has the solid fertile effect of water conservation, can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency.
Invention also uses fertilizer, the composition of fertilizer and weight are than for barnyard manure：Phosphate fertilizer:Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is
10:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is shrimp powder.The raw material composition that Chinese medicine insect protected substrate of the present invention is and parts by weight are：Tobacco filament
35 parts, 45 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, 68 parts of Bulbus Allii, 60 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder, 85 parts of dried Alumen, 64 parts of 70 parts of sulfur of Cortex Meliae, 60 parts of Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae, ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle leaf 90
Part, 40 parts of Semen Arecae；Effective ingredient in Chinese medicine insect protected substrate can invade in polypide from pathogenic bacteria or any position of polypide, to disease
The nervous system with insecticide that stimulates of bacterium has great destructive power, leads to death.
Additive is also contained, additive is 1.1 parts of cobaltous chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid in the soil and fertilizer bag of the present invention
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of potassium iodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of root nodule bacteria, 0.15 part of sporeformer, add
It is the necessary trace element of Hylocereus undatuss plant in agent, not only contribute to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence, plays the effect of disease resistance.
In addition, the present invention is also in the electric filament lamp of each compartment, not only can heat to compartment, and Hylocereus undatuss can be given
Plant provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition for Hylocereus undatuss plant photosynthesis, and the light application time of abundance also can add
The growth of fast Hylocereus undatuss, shortens fruit-growing time, improves the yield of Hylocereus undatuss, improves the economic benefit of Planting household.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment, comprise the following steps：
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, then booth is divided into 175m2Some compartments, the appearance of booth
Face all coats plastic foam or the straw seat that thickness is not less than 5cm, and each compartment ground in booth is all paved with 8cm thickness
Wood flour forms thermal insulation layer, and each compartment installs the electric filament lamp of 5 150W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating installation section of jurisdiction and heats to compartment,
Also temperature control heating device is set in each compartment, the wall of each compartment is provided with some ventilators, ventilator is connected with outdoor
Logical；
(2) according to line-spacing 6.5m in each compartment, spacing in the rows 3.5m places planting soil fertilizer bag, and Hylocereus undatuss seed is planted
In soil and fertilizer bag, the rice after last layer 8cm is uniformly spread on soil and fertilizer bag surface with the root of Hylocereus undatuss Seedling for the center of circle
Bran；
(3) directly over the soil and fertilizer bag of each Hylocereus undatus plantation, gondola water faucet, all of gondola water faucet warp are installed in the position of 2.5m
Water pipe connects to automatic water pump, regularly sprinkles water, chases after foliage fertilizer or insecticide to Hylocereus undatuss；
(4) management of other daily Hylocereus undatuss plantations.
Temperature control heating device used by the present invention is automatic heating, can be automatically turned on according to ambient temperature or close heating
Device, when the ambient temperature of compartment is between 25～35 DEG C, is Hylocereus undatuss optimum growth temp scope, temperature control heating device is not
Start, start and start compartment environment is heated when the ambient temperature in compartment is less than 25 DEG C of temperature control heating devices, until compartment
After interior temperature reaches more than 25 DEG C, temperature control heating device quits work again, the effect of temperature control heating device be exactly for compensate every
Between temperature, make compartment provide best growing environment temperature for Hylocereus undatuss.
Also have temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator is certainly on ventilator used by the present invention
Dynamic startup ventilatory, changed once gas, time of exchanging gas 10～20min simultaneously every 8～10 hours；Use greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss,
In booth, humidity height, fog are big, stuffy, and the easily normal growth breathing to Hylocereus undatuss impacts, and causes plant pestilence
Epidemic disease, timing or temperature control ventilation, you can cause Hylocereus undatuss growth activity to be deteriorated to prevent compartment interior temperature from spending height, can guarantee that compartment again
Interior humidity environment, reduces the impact that undesirable element is grown up to Hylocereus undatuss plant.
The soil and fertilizer bag that the present invention uses is loaded after being mixed homogeneously with plastic foam by fertilizer, hack and additive to be compiled
Knit bag composition, soil and fertilizer bag is made up of fertilizer, hack, plastic foam particle, additive and woven bag, wherein fertilizer：
Hack：Plastic foam particle：The weight of additive is than for 11:45:1.5:1.0, soil and fertilizer bag not only convenient in carrying, Er Qiefei
Effect is concentrated, and dewatering is good；In addition also has plastic foam particle in soil and fertilizer bag, the particle diameter of granule is not more than 5cm, plastic foam
Grain can make the material in soil and fertilizer bag loose, promotes the breathing of Hylocereus undatuss plant root, beneficial to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and
And plastic foam particle also has the solid fertile effect of water conservation, can make fertilizer efficiency slow release, extend fertilizer efficiency.
Invention also uses fertilizer, the composition of fertilizer and weight ratio are barnyard manure：Phosphate fertilizer:Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is
15:3:2, wherein phosphate fertilizer is fishbone powder and shrimp powder by weight 1:1 two kinds of mixing.It is former that Chinese medicine insect protected substrate of the present invention is
Material composition and parts by weight are：35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, 68 parts of Bulbus Allii, 60 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder, 85 parts of dried Alumen, 70 parts of Cortex Meliae
64 parts of sulfur, 60 parts of Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle leaf, 40 parts of Semen Arecae；Effective ingredient in Chinese medicine insect protected substrate can from pathogenic bacteria or
Any position of polypide invades in polypide, and the stimulation to pathogenic bacteria and the nervous system of insecticide have great destructive power, lead to death.
Additive is also contained, additive is 1.1 parts of cobaltous chloride, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, molybdic acid in the soil and fertilizer bag of the present invention
0.85 part of sodium, 1.1 parts of potassium iodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 part of root nodule bacteria, 0.15 part of sporeformer, add
It is the necessary trace element of Hylocereus undatuss plant in agent, not only contribute to the growth of Hylocereus undatuss plant, and plant can be improved
Immunocompetence, plays the effect of disease resistance, and root nodule bacteria can promote Hylocereus undatuss with the nitrogen synthesis nitrogenous fertilizer in absorption air
Growth.In addition, the present invention is also in the electric filament lamp of each compartment, not only can heat to compartment, and the plant of Hylocereus undatuss can be given
Strain provides sufficient illumination, provides illumination condition for Hylocereus undatuss plant photosynthesis, and the light application time of abundance also can accelerate
The growth of Hylocereus undatuss, shortens fruit-growing time, improves the yield of Hylocereus undatuss, improves the economic benefit of Planting household.
Compliance test result：
Experimental group：At the beginning of 11 months, start to plant Hylocereus undatuss in Hubei Ezhou booth, method adopts embodiment 1 institute
The method stated.Growth time, single fruit weight and per mu yield are recorded；
Contrast groups：Guangxi Hylocereus undatuss Planting household this season plantation Hylocereus undatuss, have recorded growth time, single fruit weight and per mu yield
Amount；
For convenience of contrasting, other influences factor is identical, and concrete contrast effect data is as shown in table 1：
Table 1 experimental group and the Contrast on effect of contrast groups plantation Hylocereus undatuss
| Start to the time yielded positive results from Seedling | Thank to colored after ripening required time | Single fruit weight | First Year per mu yield | Second Year per mu yield | 3rd year per mu yield | |
| Contrast groups | 13～14 months | 35～40 days | 0.5～0.75kg | 2000～2200kg | 2200～2500kg | 2300～2600g |
| Experimental group | 11～12 months | 26～33 days | 0.6～0.8kg | 1800～2000kg | 2100～2400kg | 2250～2500kg |
As can be seen from Table 1：The experimental group Hylocereus undatuss of the method plantation of booth compartment, growth cycle is relatively short, than
Guangxi province normally plant Hylocereus undatuss bear fruit maturation time shorten a wheat harvesting period, the weight of single fruit is compared and is more weighed one simultaneously
Point, illustrates that sufficient illumination in booth and the collection neutralization root nodule bacteria of soil and fertilizer bag fertilizer efficiency serve one to Hylocereus undatuss single fruit weight
Fixed effect, simultaneously through the adaptation of environment, low temperature environment utilizes greenhouse gardening Hylocereus undatuss and Guangxi province this season plantation HUOLONG
The yield of fruit is consistent, thus illustrates：Under northern low temperature environment, also HUOLONG can be planted by the method for booth compartment temperature control
Really, be not required to by logistics from afar from torrid areas by Hylocereus undatuss transportation and sale to the ground that can not normally plant Hylocereus undatuss
Side, the method for the present invention can be suitable for the plantation in any area, makes local people can be able to eat fresh Hylocereus undatuss, also for locality
Agricultural economy increased new opportunity.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：The method comprising the steps of：
(1) by planting greenhouse plastic film seal, then booth is divided into 150～200m2Some compartments, the appearance of booth
Face all coats thickness and is not less than the plastic foam particle of 5cm or straw seat, each compartment ground in booth be all paved with every
Hot thing forms the thermal insulation layer of 5-10cm, and each compartment installs the electric filament lamp of 4～6 100～200W, and each compartment is respectively provided with heating installation
Heating to compartment in section of jurisdiction, also arranges temperature control heating device in each compartment, the wall of each compartment is provided with some ventilators,
Ventilator is connected with outdoor；
(2) according to line-spacing 6～7m in each compartment, spacing in the rows 3～4m places planting soil fertilizer bag, soil and fertilizer bag be placed on every
Above thermosphere, Hylocereus undatuss seed is implanted in soil and fertilizer bag, with the root of Hylocereus undatuss Seedling for the center of circle on soil and fertilizer bag surface
Uniformly spread the thick Testa oryzae of last layer 5～10cm；
(3) directly over the soil and fertilizer bag of each Hylocereus undatus plantation, gondola water faucet, all of gondola water faucet warp are installed in the position of 2.0～3.0m
Water pipe connects and forms automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system to automatic water pump, regularly sprinkles water, chases after foliage fertilizer or insecticide to Hylocereus undatuss；
(4) other daily Hylocereus undatuss Cultivate administrations.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：Described temperature control heating dress
It is set to automatic heating, between 25～35 DEG C, temperature control heating device quits work the ambient temperature of compartment, temperature is less than 25 DEG C of temperature
Control heater starts and starts compartment environment is heated.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：On described ventilator also
There are temperature inductor and timing means, when temperature is more than 35 DEG C, ventilator automatic ventilatory is simultaneously little every 8～10
When change once gas, time of exchanging gas 10～20min.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：Described soil and fertilizer bag
Load woven bag by fertilizer, hack and additive after being mixed homogeneously with plastic foam particle to form, fertilizer：Hack：Plastics
Foam beads：The weight ratio of additive is (10～12):(40～50):(1～2):(0.8～1.2), wherein additive are chlorination
1.1 parts of cobalt, 0.9 part of sodium vanadate, 0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 1.1 parts of potassium iodate, 0.4 part of sodium selenate, 1.35 parts of zinc sulfate, root nodule
0.15 part of bacterium, 0.15 part of sporeformer.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：Described plastic foam
The particle diameter of grain is not more than 5cm.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：Described thermal barrier is rice
One or more of grass, rice husk or wood flour.
7. according to claim 4 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：The group of described fertilizer
Become and weight ratio is for barnyard manure:Phosphate fertilizer:Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is 20:3:2～10:3:2, the raw material group that wherein Chinese medicine insect protected substrate is
Become and parts by weight are：35 parts of tobacco filament, 45 parts of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, 68 parts of Bulbus Allii, 60 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder, 85 parts of dried Alumen, 70 parts of sulfur of Cortex Meliae
64 parts, 60 parts of Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae, 90 parts of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle leaf, 40 parts of Semen Arecae.
8. according to claim 5 a kind of implantation methods of Hylocereus undatuss low temperature environment it is characterised in that：Described phosphate fertilizer is fishbone
One of powder, shrimp powder or two kinds of mixing.
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| CN107125024A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 安徽禾泉农庄生态农业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving black fungus quality |
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| CN111373997A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所湛江甘蔗研究中心 | Planting method for dragon fruits in low-temperature environment |
| CN113841569A (en) * | 2021-09-12 | 2021-12-28 | 海南文森农业科技有限公司 | Breeding method for improving cold resistance of pitaya |
| CN113994820A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 广西海泉农业有限公司 | Cuttage breeding method for improving cold resistance of dragon fruits |
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| CN107125024A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 安徽禾泉农庄生态农业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving black fungus quality |
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| CN110679431A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-14 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Peach seed emergence substrate and seedling raising method |
| CN111373997A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所湛江甘蔗研究中心 | Planting method for dragon fruits in low-temperature environment |
| CN113841569A (en) * | 2021-09-12 | 2021-12-28 | 海南文森农业科技有限公司 | Breeding method for improving cold resistance of pitaya |
| CN114009265A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-02-08 | 扬州润江生态农业有限公司 | Artificial planting method for bird's nest fruits |
| CN113994820A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 广西海泉农业有限公司 | Cuttage breeding method for improving cold resistance of dragon fruits |
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