CN103749133B - The implantation methods of a kind of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation - Google Patents
The implantation methods of a kind of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the implantation methods of a kind of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation, comprise the following steps: from the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one first edible wild herbs kind plant in booth; From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one second edible wild herbs kind, in booth and the first edible wild herbs kind carry out between plant; From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one the 3rd edible wild herbs kind, treat that the first edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, interplanting the 3rd edible wild herbs kind of applying fertilizer between its line-spacing before the first edible wild herbs kind is rooted out; After the 3rd edible wild herbs kind is emerged, root out described first edible wild herbs kind; Treat that the second edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, root out the second edible wild herbs kind, plantation the 3rd edible wild herbs kind; Treat that the 3rd edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose a vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind, in booth, build shoaling layer after fertilising transplant vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind; Treat that vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind growth terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose one the 5th edible wild herbs kind plant; Treat that the 5th edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out circulation plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of crops, refer in particular to the implantation methods of a kind of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation.
Background technology
Better results for facility plastic greenhouse vegetable growing, but after land vegetables plant 3 to five years continuously, and in canopy, soil can not get rainwater all the year round and drenches and rinse, the easy salination of upper soll layer, and serious surface visibly has shining white saline and alkaline.Add the accumulation all the year round of damage by disease and insect, cause land vegetables Severe Reduction, decline in benefits, even manages loss of capital.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem of land growing vegetables difficulty in above-mentioned prior art, the object of the invention is to, a kind of generation can avoiding this type of disaster is provided, and adopts the method for aquatic vegetable and land vegetable crop rotation to avoid the implantation methods of a kind of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation of the soil salinization.
For this reason, the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs provided by the invention rice field-upland field rotation, comprises the following steps:
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one first edible wild herbs kind plant in described booth;
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one second edible wild herbs kind, in described booth and described first edible wild herbs kind carry out between plant;
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one the 3rd edible wild herbs kind, treat that described first edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, before described first edible wild herbs kind is rooted out, between its line-spacing, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is interplanted in fertilising;
After described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is emerged, root out described first edible wild herbs kind;
Treat that described second edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, root out described second edible wild herbs kind, plant described 3rd edible wild herbs kind;
Treat that described 3rd edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose a vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind, in described booth, after fertilising, build shoaling layer transplant described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind;
Treat that the vegetable kind growth of the described vast expanse of open ground terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose one the 5th edible wild herbs kind plant;
Treat that described 5th edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out circulation plantation.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, has a ditch and to hold concurrently aisle, form two furrow faces, respectively plant the first edible wild herbs kind described in four lines in the centre in described two furrow faces in the middle of the ground of described booth.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, plant the second edible wild herbs kind described in two row in hold concurrently near the described ditch side in aisle of described first edible wild herbs kind, plant the second edible wild herbs kind described in three row in described first edible wild herbs kind near the side of described booth.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, further in the described second edible wild herbs kind of line space plantation of described first edible wild herbs kind.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, dark to bottom shoveling 25-30cm from described booth ground in the serious area of sandy soil infiltration, goes back soil fertilization again and even up the plantation described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind that discharges water after spreading thick plastic foil.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, the plant spacing of described first edible wild herbs kind is 50cm, and the plant spacing of described second edible wild herbs kind is 20-25cm, and the plant spacing of described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is 2m.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, a plurality of hollow pipe is hung in described booth top-hung, one the 6th edible wild herbs kind is chosen, by the 6th edible wild herbs kind described in nutrient fluid cultivation in described hollow pipe from the edible wild herbs kind of land.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, the length of described hollow pipe is 4m, hangs hollow pipe described in 8 row in described booth top-hung, and described in every a line, the quantity of hollow pipe is 13.
The further improvement of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is, described first edible wild herbs kind is the okra of vegetative period in April-October, described second edible wild herbs kind is snow cherry of vegetative period in April-early December, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period at the rocket salad in April in October-Second Year, described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is the Gorgon fruit of vegetative period in April-October, described 5th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period the watercress in April in October-Second Year, and described 6th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period is annual Lettuce.
The implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation, the method of aquatic vegetable and land vegetable crop rotation is adopted to avoid the soil salinization, and choose several disease and insect resistance, Salt And Alkali Tolerance edible wild herbs kind to alleviate the generation of damage by disease and insect, the kind of these edible wild herbs is, land edible wild herbs kind comprises: okra, snow cherry, Lettuce, rocket salad, aquatic edible wild herbs kind comprises: Gorgon fruit, watercress.These six kinds of edible wild herbs all have good nutritive value and health care, deeply like by citizen, and planting benefit is all higher.The present invention is by the vegetative period of the various edible wild herbs of research, rational arrangement plantation order, take full advantage of hardware facility and the condition of greenhouse gardening, aquatic edible wild herbs and land edible wild herbs crop rotation thus the edible wild herbs keeping facility plastic greenhouse to cultivate can be got bumper crops year after year be had a good harvest, the income kept.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is planted in booth.
Fig. 3 is the partial side schematic view of planting the 6th edible wild herbs kind in Fig. 2 on hollow pipe.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Cooperation is referring to Fig. 1 and shown in composition graphs 2, the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs provided by the invention rice field-upland field rotation, comprises the following steps:
As shown in Figure 2, the specification of booth 1 of the present invention is S101: internal diameter 6 meters is wide, and 55 meters long, ceiling is high 2.5 meters, booth floor space 330 square metres, holds concurrently aisle 2 in the ditch of opening 30 centimetres wide in the middle of canopy ground, formed two 3 meters wide (comprising one side of something has ditch to hold concurrently aisle), the furrow face 3 of 55 meters long.
One first edible wild herbs kind 10 is chosen from the edible wild herbs kind of land, the first edible wild herbs kind 10 described in four lines is respectively planted in the centre in described two furrow faces 3, the plant spacing of described first edible wild herbs kind 10 is 50cm, and the plantation of described first edible wild herbs kind 10 is highly 1.5 meters of high left and right, is convenient to management;
S102 chooses one second edible wild herbs kind 20 from the edible wild herbs kind of land, in described booth 1 and described first edible wild herbs kind 10 carry out between plant.As shown in Figure 2, the second edible wild herbs kind 20 described in two row is planted in hold concurrently near the described ditch side in aisle 2 of described first edible wild herbs kind 10, the second edible wild herbs kind 20 described in three row is planted near the side of described booth 1 in described first edible wild herbs kind 10, in order to increase yield, can further in the described second edible wild herbs kind 20 of line space plantation of described first edible wild herbs kind 10, the plant spacing of described second edible wild herbs kind 20 is 20-25cm;
S103 chooses one the 3rd edible wild herbs kind from the edible wild herbs kind of land, and treat that described first edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, before described first edible wild herbs kind is rooted out, between its line-spacing, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is interplanted in fertilising;
S104, after described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is emerged, roots out described first edible wild herbs kind;
S105 treats that described second edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, and roots out described second edible wild herbs kind, plants described 3rd edible wild herbs kind;
S106 treats that described 3rd edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, and chooses a vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind, build shoaling layer and transplant described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind in described booth after fertilising from aquatic edible wild herbs kind.Dark to bottom shoveling 25-30cm from described booth ground in the serious area of sandy soil infiltration, go back soil fertilization after spreading thick plastic foil again and even up the plantation described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind that discharges water, the plant spacing of described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is 2m;
S107 treats that the vegetable kind growth of the described vast expanse of open ground terminates, and chooses one the 5th edible wild herbs kind and plant from aquatic edible wild herbs kind;
S108 treats that described 5th edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, and repeats above-mentioned steps and carries out circulation plantation.
In order to improve greenhouse gardening benefit, as shown in Figure 2, one the 6th edible wild herbs kind 60 is chosen from the edible wild herbs kind of land, at the top suspension 8 row hollow pipe 4 of described booth 1, every a line 13 hollow pipes 4 capable of hoisting, the length of described hollow pipe 4 is 4m, the suspension height of described hollow pipe 4 is for leaving about 1.5 meters, ground, be convenient to management, and mutually can not disturb with described first edible wild herbs kind 10, also do not affect the illumination of described first edible wild herbs kind 10 and the second edible wild herbs kind 20 simultaneously.Shown in Fig. 3, by the 6th edible wild herbs kind 60 described in nutrient fluid cultivation in described hollow pipe 4, a line hollow pipe 4 can be planted the 6th edible wild herbs kind 60 of about about 260.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described first edible wild herbs kind is the okra of vegetative period in April-October, described second edible wild herbs kind is snow cherry of vegetative period in April-early December, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period at the rocket salad in April in October-Second Year, described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is the Gorgon fruit of vegetative period in April-October, described 5th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period the watercress in April in October-Second Year, and described 6th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period is annual Lettuce.Below this six kinds of edible wild herbs kinds are specifically introduced:
One, okra
Okra has another name called kidney tonifying grass, gumbo, swordweed etc., is Malvaceae Abelmoschus, annual herb plant.
Nutrient component: okra is edible with tender fruit.Containing rich in protein, free amino acid and mineral matter, the emplastic of fruit also containing the composition such as pectin and polysaccharide is a kind of nutritious health-care vegetable.
Health care: there is the effect promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation, there is the function of nourishing and strengthening vital especially, many foods can improve the property function of the elderly, and have no side effect, be called natural " plant vigour " by people, be used as nutrition type speciality to release in some high-grade hotels and hotel, very popular.Flower, the seed of okra have Yang-strengthening effect, and its tender fruit is also good diet food.
Eating method: can cold and dressed with sauce, stir-fry and eat, fried and make the multiple food methods such as soup.
Planting technology:
1, site preparation and fertilization: okra well developed root system, buries dark, should select that plow layer is deep, soil property is fertile, light is good, irrigation and drainage loam or glutinous loam plot easily, and first every 667 square metres of sowing executes decomposed manure 3000 kilograms, composite fertilizer 15-20 kilogram.
2, proper seeding: local mid-April in sowing time, transplanting time mid-May, tender fruit of gathering in 7-10 month.20-25 DEG C of water seed soaking 12 hours are used before sowing, vernalization 48 hours under 25-30 DEG C of condition, can sow when half seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, cave is dug by line-spacing 80 centimetres, spacing in the rows 50 centimetres in prior whole good ground furrow, first water vola water, every bunch planting kind 2-3 grain, earthing 2-3 centimetre, plant about 1500 caves for every mu, 667 square metres of sowing quantities about 0.5 kilogram.
3, field management: carry out first time thinning when rough leaf is launched, remove invalid weak seedling, the final singling when 2-3 sheet true leaf launches, strain strong sprout is stayed in every cave, should cultivation uproot in time after final singling, can preserve soil moisture, improve ground temperature, and earth up, prevent plant from lodging.Okra is wet resistance plant, plant is tall and big, need water more, emerging and respectively should water a water after final singling, the phase of bearing fruit of blooming will often water, keep ground moistening, particularly 7-8 month hot weather contains the phase on the occasion of fruit picking, needs liquid manure amount large, more should keep moisture content and fertilizer supply, in conjunction with watering, every 667 square metres to be divided in final singling, result and the full bearing period and execute 15 kilograms, urea or night soil 500-600 kilogram for three times, with short high yield.During excessive rainfall, should draining in time, in order to avoid cause damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.
4, diseases and pests controlling: the damage by disease and insect of okra is fewer, mainly contains cotton bollworm, bridging worm, aphid, thrips etc., prevent and treat in time.Garden with hundreds of grasses mainly adopts the pest controls such as homemade red pepper and pepper water.
5, timely collecting: when to grow to length be 6-7 centimetre to tender fruit, can listing be plucked, generally every 667 square metres of tender fruit 800-1000 kilogram that can gather.The tender okra fruit per kilogram price of 6-7 centimeter length is at about 20 yuan.
Two, cherry is avenged
Snow cherry is annual amaranthaceous plant.Taste is three-coloured amaranth seemingly, but more pleasant to the palate than three-coloured amaranth, has a kind of plant hormone similar to person hormone, is extremely of value to the male sex, can promote that conjugal affection is harmonious, therefore is " vigour vegetables " by person.
Nutrition: snow cherry young stem and leaf is containing the mineral matter such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, carotin, Cobastab, trace element and calcium, phosphorus, iron.
Health care: there is food digesting stomach fortifying, open that chest is pleasant, clearing heat and detoxicating, improving eyesight of having one's ideas straightened out, promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, function that strong essence of enriching blood, beneficial gas are reposed, promoted longevity.
Eating method: snow cherry young stem and leaf can be stir-fried and eaten, and makes soup, unique flavor.It spends of dazzling beauty, pleasant aroma, and plant upper one or two strain in garden, gardenful is delicate fragrance all.It is a kind of health-care vegetable of preciousness.
Planting technology:
1, meticulous sowing: snow can be sowed spring and autumn by cherry, and sandy loam the most applicable snow cherry grows, and uses sufficient base manure before broadcasting, execute dung polluted water 2000 kilograms for every 667 square metres, adopt seedbed nursery, the seedbed of 60-70 square metre disseminates seeds about 100 grams, do not rake the soil level after broadcasting, directly step on both feet plain.Broadcast latter 20 days can transplant, seedbed and land for growing field crops ratio are 1 ︰ 10.High temperature season sowing will cover the moon, and sowing after autumn will take plastic greenhouse insulation.
2, field management: will water sufficient water during transplanting, applied fertilizer after three days, executed rare dung polluted water 2000 kilograms for every 667 square metres, and snow cherry disease does not occur, and has two spotted spider mite to occur during arid, and the suds with 2% spray blade back can control insect pest.
3, gather in: just can gather in the crops when snow cherry grows to 20-25 centimetre, cut off market sale on the cm young stem and leaf of top 15 in good time.Leave the old branch of base portion three or four leaf can continue to grow lateral bud, grow to 15-20 cm and can gather in again.To topdress once after each harvesting, rare dung polluted water 1000 kilograms can be executed add urea 5-8 kilogram for every 667 square metres.Sowing once can be gathered in 3-4 time, and pure work of snow cherry can gather in about 4000 kilograms every 667 square metres of whole years, market price per kilogram 6-10 unit.
Three, Lettuce
Lettuce is called: naked oats dish, bitter dish, wheat dish, chrysanthemum tannin plant.With the tender tip, tender leaf for product for people eat, blade is long lanceolar, and honorable pale green, quality are tender and crisp, and the fresh and tender delicate fragrance of mouthfeel, has peculiar flavour.
Nutrient component: Lettuce contains the element such as a large amount of vitamin and a large amount of calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, is rich in protein, fat, carotin is that it is top grade to eat raw in vegetables.
Health care: Lettuce have lower cholesterol, the effect such as weak, the Jin Run for the treatment of nervous organ separates dry, gut purge reason stomach, help digestion, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, have and protect the liver, protect lung, the function of anti-mammary gland disease.A kind of vegetables of nutrition low in calories, high.
Eating method: to eat raw, can be cold and dressed with sauce, also can dip in all kinds of condiment.Prepared food can be stir-fried and eaten, and can rinse food, and taste is unique.
Planting technology: Lettuce based on (the 3-6 month) and the autumn sowing (the 9-11 month) of sowing in spring, 667 square metres of seeding quantitys about 100 grams.Within after autumn sowing 20 days, just can transplant booth, seeding row spacing 20 × 20 centimetres, plant and just gather in the crops afterwards for latter 20 days.
Lettuce is more cold-resistant, fast growth, therefore will use sufficient base manure before sowing, execute 2000 kilograms, farmers''s muck for every 667 square metres, transplant and topdress once in latter 3 days, execute 3000 kilograms, loose stool water.Lettuce growing period will keep soil moisture, timely drought resisting.
Lettuce damage by disease and insect is few, does not generally need control, to ensure that product is for green organic products.In addition, Lettuce easily grows lateral bud, can gather in time stay base portion 2-3 sheet leaf, gather in second day every 667 square metres impose 2000 kilograms, loose stool water.Lateral bud listing can be gathered in again after 30 days.The pure work of Lettuce, every 667 square metres of annual productions 4000 to 5000 kilograms, market price per kilogram 5 to 8 yuan.The Lettuce of " garden with hundreds of grasses " September early and middle ten days sow successively, product just starts to have gone on the market by the end of October.
Four, rocket salad
Rocket salad has another name called: pale reddish brown southern mustard, German leaf mustard, rocket romaine lettuce, belongs to Cruciferae, and sesame belongs to.Originate in East Asia and Mediterranean, annual herb plant, taproot is flourishing, plant height 30 cm, brightly yellowish look.Like the warm moistening weather that cools, anti-saline and alkaline resistance to drought and waterlogging, cold resistance is stronger.This plant has dense sesame fragrance, therefore named rocket salad.Also be the rare special vegetables of a kind of health of fashionable Japan, Korea S in recent years.
Nutrient component: rocket salad is containing elements such as ten several amino acids, multiple sugar, potassium, calcium.
Health care: its taste is sweet, flat, cold nature.The disease of apoplexy, hot summer weather can be controlled.In herbal cuisine, rocket salad is a kind of excellent vegetables of preventing and curing diseases, and often edible have stronger anti-cancer to attack effect, can promote cytoactive.There is functions such as falling lung qi, sharp edema with the lung involved, treatment frequent micturition, have special efficacy to chronic cough.The effects such as emetic, stomach invigorating in addition, diuresis, anti-inflammatory.Liver can be treated, suffer from a deficiency of the kidney, dizzy, post disease alopecia, body fluid depletion causing blood stasis, constipation, moisturize the diseases such as laxation.
Eating method: seedling or the tender leaf part of rocket salad are edible, owing to there being dense sesame fragrance, mouthfeel is sliding tender, welcomes by a person sponging on an aristocrat very much.Can stir-fry and eat, upper soup or cold and dressed with sauce.
Planting technology:
1, to sow. rocket salad can outdoor cropping, water planting or produce bud dish etc., and this locality is suitable for, after autumn to spring cultivation, need building reducing temperature for preventing awning summer, tans by the sun and heavy rain washes away to prevent burning sun.Rocket salad growth rapidly, is advisable with live, should select fertile, loose, row irrigation soil plantation easily.Use sufficient base manure before sowing, execute the muck 1000-1500 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every 667 square metres, harrow thin, ridging bedding.It is main for broadcasting sowing, general mu sowing quantity 250-300 gram.Sowing bonnet black sunshade net or other coverings, and water permeable, the coverings such as sunshade net should be opened in time after 3 days.General 4-5 days can neat seedling.
2, field management. in conjunction with shoot thinning and the final singling of gathering, weak seedling, bad seedling can be taken out, and remove weeds in field during rocket salad seedling tool 2-3 sheet leaf.Thinning completes backsight plant strain growth gesture and topdresses, and topdresses based on the quick-acting fertilizer such as urea or composite fertilizer, topdresses 1 time every 7-10 days.Within 7 days before gathering, muck water should not be imposed again, in order to avoid affect quality.Rocket salad is higher to water demand, should maintain ground moistening in vegetative period as far as possible, except the rainy day, all needs water spray, to keep blade tender.
3, the extermination of disease and insect pest. rocket salad resistance is extremely strong, few to spring cultivation damage by disease and insect after autumn.General common phyllotreta striolata, diamond-back moth harm blade, with fly net.Easily there is leaf spot at the summer culture of high temperature and rainy, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 600-800 times of liquid control can be selected.
4, timely collecting. rapidly, gathering in time is the key of high yield high-quality in rocket salad growth.Rocket salad can be gathered siphonal lobe or pull out whole strain.Broadcast latter about 35 days and can gather seedling listing, generally every 667 square metres are produced 1000-1500 kilogram.Product can go on the market in batches, stage by stage, removes Lao Ye, sick leaf, residual leaf, and excision root, cleaning, packages and can go on the market.
Five, Gorgon fruit
Gorgon fruit another name Gorgon fruit, chicken head lotus, Ci Lian.For the kind benevolence of nymphaeaceae plant.Annual aquatic and herbaceous, complete stool thorniness.6 ~ September of florescence, really 7 ~ October of phase.
Nutrient component: starch-containing, protein, fat, carrot rope, vitamin B1, B2, C, containing the various trace elements such as selenium, zinc.
Health care: have significantly life-extending effect, supplementing the kidney to control the nocturnal, tonifying spleen antidiarrheal, clearing damp is band only.For emission, enuresis frequent micturition, insufficiency of the spleenly rushes down for a long time, and gonorrhoea, under band.
Eating method: Gorgon fruit is flat, taste is sweet, puckery.Should stew with slow fire and boil to thoroughly cooked, chew carefully and swallow slowly, once not eat too many, about 10 grams.Gorgon fruit together should eat with the group food of Semen Nelumbinis, Chinese yam, Semen Lablab Album.
Planting technology:
1, seeding and seedling raising: Gorgon fruit can in late March canopy presoaking and germinating, late April is nursery in canopy, digs 2 meters of square ponds, fill with shallow water, wait muddy water clarify after, the seed germinateed is closed on water surface uniform broadcasting, and seed is lid mud not.Water height in pond grows tall with Gorgon fruit and grows to 15 cm only.
2, transplanting and management: transplant paddy field after January of emerging, suitably apply fertilizer and keep shoaling layer in paddy field, seeding row spacing is all 2 meters, plants 160, within 7-10 days, turn green for 667 square metres.The mud seen in lobus cardiacus will be removed in time, survives rear water layer and is gradually added to more than 50 centimetres, wants weeding to stop up root 3 times at Gorgon fruit money Feng Hangqian, can not break Gorgon fruit and step on and hinder root, and combine fertilising (executing copropel ball).
3, gather in the crops: the 7-8 month blooms, and gathers in the crops Gorgon fruit (Gorgon fruit fruit) October.Strip off fruit and kind shell, remove red skin and leave the white grain of rice, the freezing listing of plastic bag packaging.
Six, watercress
Watercress has another name called: water leaf mustard, green water cress, is the perennial aquatic herbaceous plant of Cruciferae bean cotyledon Lepidium., succulence tender and crisp with quality, the young stem and leaf of color and luster viridescent is edible, pleasant to the palate.
Nutrient component: containing protein, carotin, vitamin A, C, E, containing the various trace elements such as selenium, zinc.
Health care: watercress has the effects such as dry clearly moistening lung, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, diuresis, is the desirable food for the treatment of tuberculosis, and can plays preventive and therapeutic effect to the symptom such as dysmenorrhes, hypomenorrhia, and Roman is by watercress hair growth and scurvy.Iranian thinks that watercress is a kind of fabulous infant foods, and watercress is also fabulous brain-nourishing health food.
Eating method: the food method of watercress is a lot, can eat something rare, can make the batching of chafing dish and assorted cold dishes, make the garnishes of bean vermicelli soup, rib soup and noodles as salad.
Planting technology: watercress is more cold-resistant, the 9-11 month all can be sowed in canopy, has executed base manure before broadcasting, and executes farmyard manure 1500-2000 kilogram for every 667 square metres.Broadcast rear direct lid fine earth, epiphragma.Under 10-25 DEG C of environment, within damp soil 3-4 days, just emerge, take off film in time.Can transplant during 4 leaf, broadcast latter about 50 days and just can gather in the crops, prescind the young stem and leaf of top 3-4 cun of left and right, allow lateral bud below continue long.Grow to 5-6 cun to cut again.Watercress does not need prevention and elimination of disease and pests.Watercress listing is around the Spring Festival for resident's dining table increasing again a new health-care vegetable, market price per kilogram 8-10 unit, and every 667 square metres of April of September-Second Year can gather in the crops watercress 3000-4000 kilogram, is the good kind that farmers' gets rich.
The kind benefit of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is:
Okra April in vegetative period-October, 667 square metres, pure work can produce more than 800 kilogram of tender fruit, current tender fruit market price per kilogram 10-20 unit;
Snow cherry April in vegetative period-early December, 667 square metres, pure work can produce more than 3000 kilogram of young stem and leaf, its market price per kilogram 6-12 unit;
Lettuce is the aerial growth be suspended in booth, and the whole year all can be grown.If 667 square metres, the pure work in ground can produce more than 4000 kilogram of young stem and leaf, its market price per kilogram 4-8 unit;
In April in rocket salad October in vegetative period-Second Year, 667 square metres, pure work can produce about 2000 kilograms young stem and leafs, its market price per kilogram 10-20 unit;
Gorgon fruit April in vegetative period-October, 667 square metres, pure work can produce about 80 kilograms tender fruits (Gorgon fruit), its market price per kilogram 160-200 unit;
In April in watercress October in vegetative period-Second Year, 667 square metres, pure work can produce about 4000 kilograms young stem and leafs, its market price per kilogram 8-10 unit.
The plantation order of the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation is:----Second Year kind Gorgon fruit--plants watercress to First Year kind okra (folder kind of snow cherry, outstanding kind of Lettuce) again to plant rocket salad again.Concrete plantation step is as follows:
First Year by the end of March, okra, snow cherry, Lettuce is small size nursery in other canopies, late April-shift-in in the first tenday period of a month in May basal dressing planting greenhouse in, when mean temperature of air has just been incubated without the need to epiphragma higher than 8-10 degree, okra (high bar) and snow cherry (vegetative growth phase is short bar) folder are done, okra is the furrow face among four lines of 3 meters wide, seeding row spacing is 50 centimetres, after the furrow face of 3 meters wide has planted four lines okra, both sides are respectively left 75 centimetres (comprising half has ditch to hold concurrently aisle), two row snow cherries are planted by side, ditch in the middle of canopy, such convenience is walked and management, three row snow cherries are planted by booth limit, seeding row spacing is 20-25 centimetre.The furrow face of such 3 meters wide plants altogether the five-element and avenge cherry and four lines okra.Wide 55 meters long of whole booth 6 meters plants about 860 strain okras and 2500 strains snow cherry altogether, in order to plant full kind foot, in the one and a half months in okra seedling stage (May-June), upper snow cherry will be also planted between the line-spacing of okra, 1000 strain snow cherries can be planted again more, can increase the output of snow cherry like this, snow cherry between line-spacing is rooted out by okra Feng Hangqian.
October, okra growth terminated, can by fertilising interplanting rocket salad between its line-spacing before rooting out, late October starts lid plastic greenhouse film, rocket salad emerges rear shovel except okra, late November-early December snow cherry harvest home, apply fertilizer after rooting out snow cherry transplanting rocket salad, and rocket salad grows to Second Year always and blossoms and has seeds April.
In order to improve greenhouse gardening benefit, in canopy, 75 millimeters of thick hollow plastic tube roads can be suspended in the air in midair be used for nutrient fluid cultivation Lettuce.The hollow pipe of a line capable of hoisting 13 4 meters long in the booth of 55 meters long, a line hollow pipe can be grown the Lettuce of about 260, when not affecting human users and booth support strength no problem, the such pipeline of 8 row can be suspended in the air in midair in canopy and not affect the illumination of okra, snow cherry, rocket salad, so aloft can how long 2080 Lettuces.
The nursery of Second Year Gorgon fruit in April, build shoaling layer after applying fertilizer in booth May and transplant Gorgon fruit seedling, at this moment temperature raises, and booth does not need epiphragma, and the booth furrow face of 6 meters wide will be evened up and can be planted three row Gorgon fruits, and seeding row spacing is all 2 meters, can plant 81 strain Gorgon fruit seedlings in booth.Sandy soil seep water serious area can be dark to bottom shoveling 25-30 centimetre from booth ground, and on Pu, thick plastic foil is gone back soil fertilization again and evened up the cultivation Gorgon fruit seedling that discharges water.
October Gorgon fruit results after fertilising, disseminate watercress seed, late October booth need epiphragma, late November, watercress started to gather in batches, also can plant vegetables in booth overhead suspension hanging tube road while plantation watercress, as: Lettuce, romaine lettuce, water harmony dish etc., increase the output value.In April, the 3rd watercress seed results after, in booth, fertilising repeats the cropping pattern of First Year again.
Investigate Haian County's booth vegetable according to us and have more than 2000 hectare, the output value of every 667 square metres is at about 1.5 ten thousand yuan, and the output value of our every 667 square metres of booth edible wild herbs is at more than 50,000 yuan, is more than three times of common booth vegetable.Concrete plantation income is as follows:
First annual each booth net area 330 square metres can gather in the crops tender okra fruit more than 300 kilogram by stages, output value 5000-6000 unit; Results snow cherry young stem and leaf about 800 kilograms by stages, output value 6000-8000 unit; Results rocket salad young stem and leaf about 1000 kilograms, output value 10000-12000 unit; Results Lettuce young stem and leaf about 800 kilograms, output value 4000-5000 unit.Land kind edible wild herbs booth annual output is at about 26000 yuan.Second each booth annual can gather in the crops the tender fruit of Gorgon fruit (Gorgon fruit) 40-50 kilogram, the output value about 8000 yuan; Results watercress young stem and leaf about 2000 kilograms, output value 16000-20000 unit.Plant aquatic edible wild herbs booth annual output also at about 26000 yuan.The cost of a plantation booth drops into annual less than 3000 yuan (mainly booth year depreciation cost 2000 yuan and seed, fertilizer, charges for water and electricity etc.).Seldom there is damage by disease and insect in this implantation methods, guarantees good harvest of year after year getting bumper crops.
First annual each booth net area 330 square metres can gather in the crops tender okra fruit more than 300 kilogram by stages, output value 5000-6000 unit; Results snow cherry young stem and leaf about 800 kilograms by stages, output value 6000-8000 unit; Results rocket salad young stem and leaf about 1000 kilograms, output value 10000-12000 unit; Results Lettuce young stem and leaf about 800 kilograms, output value 4000-5000 unit.Land kind edible wild herbs booth annual output is at about 26000 yuan.Second each booth annual can gather in the crops the tender fruit of Gorgon fruit (Gorgon fruit) 40-50 kilogram, the output value about 8000 yuan; Results watercress young stem and leaf about 2000 kilograms, output value 16000-20000 unit.Results Lettuce young stem and leaf about 400 kilograms, output value 2000-3000 unit.Plant aquatic edible wild herbs booth annual output also at about 26000 yuan.The cost of a plantation booth drops into annual less than 3000 yuan (mainly booth year depreciation cost 2000 yuan and seed, fertilizer, charges for water and electricity etc.).Seldom there is damage by disease and insect in this implantation methods, guarantees good harvest of year after year getting bumper crops.
So, the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs of the present invention rice field-upland field rotation, the method of aquatic vegetable and land vegetable crop rotation is adopted to avoid the soil salinization, and choose several disease and insect resistance, Salt And Alkali Tolerance edible wild herbs kind to alleviate the generation of damage by disease and insect, the kind of these edible wild herbs is, land edible wild herbs kind comprises: okra, snow cherry, Lettuce, rocket salad, aquatic edible wild herbs kind comprises: Gorgon fruit, watercress.These six kinds of edible wild herbs all have good nutritive value and health care, deeply like by citizen, and planting benefit is all higher.The present invention is by the vegetative period of the various edible wild herbs of research, rational arrangement plantation order, take full advantage of hardware facility and the condition of greenhouse gardening, aquatic edible wild herbs and land edible wild herbs crop rotation thus the edible wild herbs keeping facility plastic greenhouse to cultivate can be got bumper crops year after year be had a good harvest, and keep good income.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, not departing from the scope of technical solution of the present invention, make a little change when the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement can be utilized or be modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an implantation methods for booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one first edible wild herbs kind plant in described booth;
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one second edible wild herbs kind, in described booth and described first edible wild herbs kind carry out between plant;
From the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one the 3rd edible wild herbs kind, treat that described first edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, before described first edible wild herbs kind is rooted out, between its line-spacing, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is interplanted in fertilising;
After described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is emerged, root out described first edible wild herbs kind;
Treat that described second edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, root out described second edible wild herbs kind, plant described 3rd edible wild herbs kind;
Treat that described 3rd edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose a vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind, in described booth, after fertilising, build shoaling layer transplant described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind;
Treat that the vegetable kind growth of the described vast expanse of open ground terminates, from aquatic edible wild herbs kind, choose one the 5th edible wild herbs kind plant;
Treat that described 5th edible wild herbs kind growth terminates, repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out circulation plantation; And
Hang a plurality of hollow pipe in described booth top-hung, from the edible wild herbs kind of land, choose one the 6th edible wild herbs kind, by the 6th edible wild herbs kind described in nutrient fluid cultivation in described hollow pipe;
Wherein, described first edible wild herbs kind is the okra of vegetative period in April-October, described second edible wild herbs kind is snow cherry of vegetative period in April-early December, described 3rd edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period at the rocket salad in April in October-Second Year, described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is the Gorgon fruit of vegetative period in April-October, described 5th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period the watercress in April in October-Second Year, and described 6th edible wild herbs kind is vegetative period is annual Lettuce.
2. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 1, has a ditch and to hold concurrently aisle, form two furrow faces, respectively plant the first edible wild herbs kind described in four lines in the centre in described two furrow faces in the middle of the ground that it is characterized in that described booth.
3. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that planting the second edible wild herbs kind described in two row in hold concurrently near the described ditch side in aisle of described first edible wild herbs kind, plant the second edible wild herbs kind described in three row in described first edible wild herbs kind near the side of described booth.
4. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that further in the described second edible wild herbs kind of line space plantation of described first edible wild herbs kind.
5. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in the serious area of sandy soil infiltration dark to bottom shoveling 25-30cm from described booth ground, go back soil fertilization after spreading thick plastic foil again and even up the plantation described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind that discharges water.
6. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the plant spacing of described first edible wild herbs kind is 50cm, the plant spacing of described second edible wild herbs kind is 20-25cm, and the plant spacing of described vast expanse of open ground vegetable kind is 2m.
7. the implantation methods of booth edible wild herbs rice field-upland field rotation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the length of described hollow pipe is 4m, hang hollow pipe described in 8 row in described booth top-hung, described in every a line, the quantity of hollow pipe is 13.
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| CN104137722A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-12 | 王明红 | Year-round cultivation pattern for watercress |
| CN104770180B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-11-30 | 无锡市三阳生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of rocket salad |
| CN105493865A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Solar greenhouse organic planting method for amaranthus retroflexus |
| CN111418834A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 翟花香 | Vegetable health-care diet formula and preparation method thereof |
| CN112314356B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-07-07 | 宁波远志立方能源科技有限公司 | Planting method of oil peony |
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