CN106460934A - 包括经优化的具有密封元件的密封圈的轴承装置 - Google Patents

包括经优化的具有密封元件的密封圈的轴承装置 Download PDF

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CN106460934A
CN106460934A CN201580028458.0A CN201580028458A CN106460934A CN 106460934 A CN106460934 A CN 106460934A CN 201580028458 A CN201580028458 A CN 201580028458A CN 106460934 A CN106460934 A CN 106460934A
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bearing
cradle head
sealing ring
bearing arrangement
wheel hub
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CN106460934B (zh
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亚历山大·黑普
威廉·沃尔特
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7823Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/768Sealings of ball or roller bearings between relatively stationary parts, i.e. static seals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063Fixing them on the shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3216Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip supported in a direction parallel to the surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3248Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
    • F16J15/3252Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3268Mounting of sealing rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0005Hubs with ball bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0073Hubs characterised by sealing means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0078Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/30Angles, e.g. inclinations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的能经由转动关节(2)驱动的轮毂(3)的轴承装置(1),在其中,与车轮法兰(4)连接的轮毂(3)和与驱动轴连接的转动关节(2)抗相对转动地彼此连接,并且轴承装置具有套在轮毂(3)上的多列式的滚动轴承(5),滚动轴承具有至少一个单独的、在轴向靠外布置且朝转动关节(2)指向的轴承内圈(6),轴承内圈通过轮毂(3)的作用到轴承内圈(6)的端面上的凸缘(7)轴向预紧,其中,在轴承内圈(6)上贴靠有由板材构成的密封圈(8),其中,密封圈(8)包括密封元件(9),密封元件密封地贴靠在转动关节(2)上。密封元件(9)具有设有多个留空部(10)的密封唇(11),其中,留空部(10)在圆周方向上均匀地分布在密封唇(11)上并且通过隔片(12)彼此分开,以便在将密封圈(8)推移到转动关节(2)上时在密封唇(11)与转动关节(2)之间减少摩擦。

Description

包括经优化的具有密封元件的密封圈的轴承装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的能经由转动关节驱动的轮毂的轴承装置,在其中,与车轮法兰连接的轮毂和与驱动轴连接的转动关节抗相对转动地(drehfest)彼此连接,并且轴承装置具有套在轮毂上的多列式的滚动轴承,该滚动轴承具有至少一个单独的、在轴向靠外布置且朝转动关节指向的轴承内圈,该轴承内圈通过轮毂的作用到轴承内圈的端面上的凸缘轴向预紧,其中,在轴承内圈上贴靠有由板材构成的密封圈,其中,密封圈包括密封元件,密封元件密封地贴靠在转动关节上,以便保护轴承内圈、凸缘和转动关节之间的区域,尤其是以防潮湿和污物。
背景技术
由EP 2 043 880B1公知了一种用于机动车的轴承装置。该轴承装置包括能经由转动关节驱动的轮毂,其中,与车轮法兰连接的轮毂和与驱动轴连接的转动关节借助齿部抗相对转动地彼此连接。此外,轴承装置具有套到轮毂上的两列式的滚动轴承,该滚动轴承具有至少一个单独的、在轴向靠外布置且朝转动关节指向的轴承内圈,轴承内圈以在轴向靠外的端面布置在轮毂的轴节(Achsstumpf)的端部区域中。单独的轴承内圈通过轮毂的作用到单独的轴承内圈的端面上的径向面轴向预紧。外圈和轴承内圈设有密封部,密封部具有至少一个与轴承内圈连接的并且由板材构成的密封圈,密封圈在横截面中分别具有径向侧边和轴向侧边。轴向侧边抗相对转动地与轴承内圈连接并且在轴向上向内指向。轴承内圈的密封圈的轴向侧边在径向上向内并且在轴向上向外弯曲,其中,轴向侧边的自由端部在轴向上向外地探出超过轴承内圈的端面。此外,在端部侧边上成形有密封型廓,其至少贴靠在关节体的凸肩和/或端面棱边上。
在上述的现有技术中不利的是,在将密封圈推移到转动关节上时,由于密封型廓而在密封型廓与转动关节之间出现了大的摩擦面,由此使得将密封圈推移到转动关节上变得困难。此外,在拆卸密封圈时会出现密封型廓的不期望的翻折。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是,提供一种轴承装置,其包括具有密封元件的密封圈,该轴承装置能够实现简化地装配和拆卸密封圈,并且防止密封元件的翻折。
根据本发明,密封元件具有设有多个留空部的密封唇,其中,留空部在圆周方向上均匀地分布在密封唇上,并且通过隔片(Steg)彼此分开,以便在将密封圈推移到转动关节上时在密封唇与转动关节之间减少摩擦。在此,转动关节不与留空部发生接触,而是仅与密封唇和隔片发生接触。因此,在将密封圈推移到转动关节上时,以如下方式使与转动关节发生连接的摩擦面最小化,即,简单来说可以是在密封唇与转动关节之间的线接触。
优选地,隔片基本上垂直于密封唇的圆周方向地构造。但也可想到的是,隔片具有偏移直至45°的角度,并且由此要么相同指向地要么相反指向地构造。隔片的数量与密封圈的相应的直径有关。根据优选的实施例,密封元件总共具有三十二个隔片。
此外,留空部优选至少具有0.1mm的深度,并且至少部分锥形地构造。因此,留空部首先可以具有直线延伸的侧面,在侧面上布置有锥形地构造的面,以便避免尖的拐角。
本发明包含如下技术指导,即,密封唇具有向内指向的第一侧边和向外指向的第二侧边,它们沿径向方向朝转动关节汇合,并且由此构成尖部,其中,第一侧边的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度小于第二侧边的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度。优选地,第一侧边的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度在15°至45°之间,并且第二侧边的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度在30°至60°之间。
有利地,隔片可以向外要么逐渐变尖,要么被倒圆。在此,逐渐变尖的隔片优选具有在45°至120°之间的内角。内角在隔片的尖部上形成。
特别优选地,密封元件由弹性体材料构成,并且在密封圈上进行硫化(aufvulkanisieren)。密封圈优选由耐腐蚀的钢制成。在此,密封元件部分包围密封圈。密封元件的没有包围密封圈的轴向的区段以如下方式构造,即,使得在将密封圈推移到转动关节上时得到用于扩开的足够的柔韧性,而防止了密封元件的翻折。
为了加固,密封圈在基本上轴向延伸的第一与第二区段之间具有基本上径向延伸的区段。此外,密封圈中的由此出现的“弯折”用于将密封圈稳定地装配在轴承内圈上。
附图说明
本发明的另外的细节和特征由下面的说明结合附图得到。其中:
图1示出用于说明根据本发明的用于机动车的轴承装置的结构的示意性的截面图;
图2示出用于说明来自图1的根据本发明的具有密封元件的密封圈的结构的示意性的截面图;
图3示出用于说明在图2中示出的具有密封元件的密封圈的立体的截段;并且
图4示出用于说明来自图2的密封元件的留空部和隔片的示意性的截面图。
具体实施方式
根据图1,轴承装置1具有未示出的机动车的轮毂3。轮毂3经由端面齿部17与转动关节2连接。轮毂3与转动关节2之间的另外的齿部,例如径向齿部也是可想到的。能从轮毂3的中心孔25进入的栓26被拧入到转动关节2的孔24中。轮毂3在轴向端部上还具有用于固定未示出的轮辋和制动盘的车轮法兰4。在轮毂3上以O形布置的方式布置有形式为角接触球轴承的两列式的滚动轴承5,其通过两个密封部18a、18b相对潮湿和污物密封。滚动轴承5具有外圈19和内圈21,在外圈上成形有固定法兰20。在外圈19与内圈21之间布置有被当作滚动体的轴承滚珠22a、22b。内圈21由两个轴承内圈23、6构成,其中,在轴向靠外的轴承内圈23一体式地成形到轮毂3上,而在轴向靠内的轴承内圈6是单独的构件,其被推移到轮毂3上。轮毂3具有基本上径向地延伸的通过轧铆构成的凸缘7,该凸缘被当作用于单独的轴承内圈6的轴向止挡部。在轴承内圈6上贴靠有由板材构成的密封圈8,其中,密封圈8包括密封元件9,密封元件密封地贴靠在转动关节2上,以便保护轴承内圈6、凸缘7和转动关节2之间的区域,尤其是以防潮湿和污物。
根据图2,由弹性体材料构成的密封元件9在密封圈8上进行硫化。密封圈8在基本上轴向延伸的第一和第二区段15a、15b之间具有基本上径向延伸的用于加固的区段16。密封元件9具有设有多个留空部10的密封唇11,其中,留空部10具有0.1mm的深度c。此外,留空部10在圆周方向上均匀地分布在密封唇11上,并且通过隔片12彼此分开,以便在将密封圈8推移到转动关节2上时在密封唇11与转动关节2之间减少摩擦。在此,转动关节2不与留空部10发生接触,而是仅与密封唇11和隔片12发生接触。因此,在将密封圈8推移到转动关节2上时,以如下方式使与转动关节2相关联的摩擦面最小化,即,简单来说可以是在密封唇11与转动关节2之间的线接触。
由于穿过密封元件9的其中一个留空部10的纵截面,隔片12在图2中没有示出,而该隔片在图3中示出。密封唇11具有向内指向的第一侧边13a和向外指向的第二侧边13b,它们沿径向方向朝转动关节2汇合,并且由此构成尖部14。第一侧边13a的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度a为30°,并且因此小于第二侧边13b的相对水平线形成的为45°的倾斜角度b。在此,两个倾斜角度a、b的角度数值在初始状态中限定。
根据图3和图4,隔片12基本上垂直于密封唇11的圆周方向地构造。此外,隔片12向外逐渐变尖,并且在尖部上形成90°的内角d。布置在隔片12之间的留空部10部分锥形地构造。
附图标记列表
1 轴承装置
2 转动关节
3 轮毂
4 车轮法兰
5 滚动轴承
6 轴承内圈
7 凸缘
8 密封圈
9 密封元件
10 留空部
11 密封唇
12 隔片
13a、13b 侧边
14 尖部
15a、15b 轴向延伸的区段
16 径向延伸的区段
17 端面齿部
18a、18b 密封部
19 外圈
20 固定法兰
21 内圈
22a、22b 轴承滚珠
23 轴承内圈
24 孔
25 孔
a 倾斜角度
b 倾斜角度
c 深度
d 内角

Claims (10)

1.用于机动车的能经由转动关节(2)驱动的轮毂(3)的轴承装置(1),在其中,与车轮法兰(4)连接的轮毂(3)和与驱动轴连接的转动关节(2)抗相对转动地彼此连接,并且所述轴承装置具有套在所述轮毂(3)上的多列式的滚动轴承(5),所述滚动轴承具有至少一个单独的、在轴向靠外布置且朝转动关节(2)指向的轴承内圈(6),所述轴承内圈通过所述轮毂(3)的作用到所述轴承内圈(6)的端面上的凸缘(7)轴向预紧,其中,在所述轴承内圈(6)上贴靠有由板材构成的密封圈(8),其中,所述密封圈(8)包括密封元件(9),所述密封元件密封地贴靠在所述转动关节(2)上,以便保护在轴承内圈(6)、凸缘(7)和转动关节(2)之间的区域,特别是以防潮湿和污物,
其特征在于,所述密封元件(9)具有设有多个留空部(10)的密封唇(11),其中,所述留空部(10)在圆周方向上均匀地分布在所述密封唇(11)上并且通过隔片(12)彼此分开,以便在将所述密封圈(8)推移到所述转动关节(2)上时在所述密封唇(11)与所述转动关节(2)之间减少摩擦。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述隔片(12)基本上垂直于所述密封唇(11)的圆周方向地构造。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述留空部(10)至少具有0.1mm的深度(c)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述留空部(10)至少部分锥形地构造。
5.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述密封唇(11)具有向内指向的第一侧边和向外指向的第二侧边(13a、13b),所述第一和第二侧边沿径向方向朝转动关节(2)汇合,并且由此构成尖部(14),其中,所述第一侧边(13a)的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度(a)小于所述第二侧边(13b)的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度(b)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述第一侧边(13a)的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度(a)为15°至45°之间,并且所述第二侧边(13b)的相对水平线形成的倾斜角度(b)为30°至60°之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述隔片(12)向外要么逐渐变尖地汇合,要么被倒圆。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,逐渐变尖地汇合的隔片(12)具有在45°至120°之间的内角(d)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述密封元件(9)由弹性体材料构成,并且在所述密封圈(8)上进行硫化。
10.根据权利要求1所述的轴承装置(1),
其特征在于,所述密封圈(8)在基本上轴向延伸的第一和第二区段(15a、15b)之间具有基本上径向延伸的区段(16),用以进行加固。
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