CN106431592A - Spent mushroom substrate compound fertilizer special for brassica oleracea and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Spent mushroom substrate compound fertilizer special for brassica oleracea and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106431592A CN106431592A CN201510472108.5A CN201510472108A CN106431592A CN 106431592 A CN106431592 A CN 106431592A CN 201510472108 A CN201510472108 A CN 201510472108A CN 106431592 A CN106431592 A CN 106431592A
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- compound fertilizer
- mushroom bran
- caulis
- folium brassicae
- pleurotus eryngii
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a spent mushroom substrate compound fertilizer special for brassica oleracea. The composition is prepared mainly by processing of spent substrate of pleurotus eryngii, peat ash, potassium sulfate, triple superphosphate, urea and bacillus amyloliquefaciens according to certain weight ratio. The composition has the characteristics of reasonable formula and balanced nutrient, can improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, slowly releases nutrients, can effectively promote the growth of brassica oleracea and reduce the production cost. The process is simple, realizes recycling of edible fungi industry resources, improves soil, protects the environment, and achieves sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, particularly to a kind of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae (Brassica oleracea L.) is as a kind of vegetables crop in China various places
Extensively cultivate, recently as the increase of domestic year-round supply demand and the export trade, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae is cultivated
Area is in the trend expanding year by year, has had currently reached annual about 900,000 hm2.Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae contains abundant
Vitamin C, VitAVitE and vitamin B, are that the Cruciferae enjoying high praise at present is planted
One of thing.Due to containing cysteine and high-quality protein in its chemical composition, and cell system can be stimulated
Make the II type enzyme beneficial to human body, in International Medical field, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae function in terms of anti-cancer and hepatoprotective
Hold a safe lead, be a kind of natural anti-cancer medicine, be also a kind of important hepatoprotective medicine, mainly control
Treat the common hepatopathys such as fatty liver, alcoholic liver, liver disfunction.
Mushroom bran refers to the waste residue after culturing edible fungus, and after edible fungus culturing, most of mushroom bran cannot
Process in time, substantial amounts of stem, mycelium, mycorhiza etc. are stayed in mushroom bran, this not only gives agricultural raw
State environment, and very big hidden danger can be brought to edible fungus culturing afterwards.With life
The continuous improvement of level, people are also increasing year by year to the consumption demand amount of edible fungi, only Zhangye
Year mushroom bran amount quite a few in 4,800,000 kg, bring therewith is the process problem of severe mushroom bran.Separately
On the one hand, nutritious in mushroom bran, it is the manure resources of high-quality, waste unfortunately.So,
Form endless-chain, effectively protect the ecological environment in rural area, scientific and reasonable efficient utilization mushroom bran is carved
Do not allow to delay.At present, prepare fertilizer using mushroom bran or the research of seedling medium is relatively broad, for example
Disclose a kind of germ bran biological organic fertilizer in CN 104513083, by mushroom bran, chicken manure, phosphate fertilizer and
Potash fertilizer is prepared from；A kind of vegetable seedling substrate is disclosed, this seedling medium in CN103553779
Mainly it is made up of cob charcoal, mushroom slag, cattle and sheep excrement, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and carbamide.
The rational application of fertilizer is to improve one of important measures of vegetable production yields and economic benefit, and it is crucial
It is balance fertilizing.But crop is different, soil physico-chemical property is different it is desirable to the formula of compound fertilizer
Different.Common head cabbage is typically planted in fertile sandy loam to the soil of clay loam, and it is that happiness is fertile
Crop, more than general vegetable to the absorbtivity of soil nutrient elements, produce 1000 kilograms of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitataes,
Need to absorb 3.1-4.8 kilogram of purity nitrogen, 0.9-1.2 kilogram of phosphorus pentoxide, oxidation from soil
4.5-5.4 kilogram of potassium, 3.5-4.5 kilogram of calcium, the growth promoter to Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae for other trace element
Play an important role.The inorganic fertilizer that cultivation Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae uses at present is mostly chemical fertilizer of simple substance and proportioning is unreasonable
Compound fertilizer, in the fertilising of its necessary for growth repeatedly, manipulation strength is big, and chemical fertilizer of simple substance
Irrational compound fertilizer with proportioning, nutrient is single or proportioning is inharmonious, and fertilizer efficiency does not much reach Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae
The demand of growth.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer,
Rationally, nutrient equalizes formula, can effectively facilitate Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae and grow, low production cost, process is simple,
Realize recycling of mushroom industry resource.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
The present invention provides a kind of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, and this compound fertilizer is mainly by following weight
The raw material of part is prepared from：
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran 20-40 rotten mosses ash 8-29 potassium sulfate 12-15
Double superhosphate 8-11 carbamide 25-29 bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.02-0.08.
Wherein said Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Through sending out after 1
Ferment obtains.
The present invention is directed to the growth demand of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, through lot of experiments, obtains described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special
Use mushroom bran compound fertilizer, its utilize Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, rotten mosses ash and bacillus amyloliquefaciens with inorganic
Fertilizer combines, and greatly improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces a large amount of of inorganic fertilizer and uses and wave
Take, effectively improve Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae yield and quality；Soil physico-chemical property can be improved simultaneously again, prevent soil
Earth is hardened, improves soil microorganism system, therefore can be provided in soil using described compound fertilizer
Outside nutrient needed for plant and organic matter, may also suppress the generation of soil-borne disease.
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran obtains the mushroom bran become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation, removes infested noxious bacteria, than
The physicochemical property of fresh mushroom bran and component content are more stable, match with other compositions, make to support
Divide and be easier to plant absorption.
Improve further, prepare the raw material that described compound fertilizer also includes following weight portion：
Amaranthusspinosus L. 4-7 Fructus Xanthii 1-4 charcoal powder 8-10 brown sugar 4-6
Add thorn bamboo water pipe, Fructus Xanthii, after brown sugar and charcoal powder, match with compound fertilizer other components,
Further enhance fertility, nutritional labeling increases, promote Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae root growth and its to nutrient
Absorb, make Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae growing way more preferable；Ground temperature can be improved simultaneously, reduce nutrient loss, lasting
Discharge Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae and grow necessary nutrient, effectively prevent Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae early stage senilism and later stage from taking off fertilizer
Problem, it is to avoid the increase of secondary or three production costs that topdress.
Improve further, prepare the raw materials used parts by weight of described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer
For：
Improve further, prepare the raw material that described compound fertilizer also includes following weight portion：
Alkaline slag 2-3 cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 3-5 tragacanth 2-3
The addition of alkaline slag, adjusting described compound fertilizer pH value is supplementing calcium element while 7-8；
Alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth combine according to the above ratio, enter one
Step improves Soil structure, makes that the soil is porous, good permeability, reduces unit weight；Keep moisture simultaneously
Ability is high, plays the effect of water-retention water conservation, can provide a suitable growth ring to plant root
Border.
The special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention, by mass percentage, described heavy crosses phosphorus
Effective P is contained in sour calcium2O546%；N is contained in described carbamide246%；K is contained in described potassium sulfate2O 50%；
Containing organic 60%, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium total amount in described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 7%；Solution starch bud
In spore bacillus, the content of effective viable bacteria is 1.0 × 107CFU/g.
One aspect of the present invention provides the fermentation process of described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, the method include as
Lower step：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 1-3cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue is 50%-60%, then piles centipede space, in 78-85 DEG C
Fermentation 2-3 days, turns over buttress daily；45-65 DEG C ferments 33-46 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 3-4 time；Send out
De-stacking after ferment, dry in the sun, separating twice, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed.
In the fermentation process of Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran described further, ferment 3 days in 82 DEG C, turn over daily
Buttress；50 DEG C ferment 40 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 3 times..
Another aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, should
Method comprises the steps：
(1) take Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, rotten mosses ash, potassium sulfate, double superhosphate, carbamide, Amaranthusspinosus L.,
Linesless charcoal soil and Fructus Xanthii are respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.5mm；
(2), after taking alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth mix homogeneously, use
Ball mill ball milling 10-12h, obtains the mixed-powder of 0.075-0.15mm；
(3) by powder prepared to bacillus amyloliquefaciens, brown sugar, step (1) and step (2)
Prepared mixed-powder mix homogeneously, is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, obtains granularity and is
The described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of 2-4mm.
Further limit, the ball milling rotation in described preparation method step (2) and revolution speed
Than for 2:1, rotational velocity is 450r/min, and power of motor is 5.5kw.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, the present invention is directed to the growth demand of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, through lot of experiments, using Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran,
Turf and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are combined with inorganic fertilizer, have obvious synergism, significantly
Improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, can be met needed for Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae growth with a small amount of fertilizer, reduce inorganic fertilizer
That expects using in a large number and wasting；Environmental protection, energy saving and resource；Formula is reasonable, effectively
Improve Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae yield and quality.
2nd, the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention can improve soil physico-chemical property simultaneously again,
Improve soil microorganism system, therefore can be provided needed for plant in soil using described compound fertilizer
Nutrient and organic matter outside, may also suppress the generation of soil-borne disease.
3rd, add in the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention thorn bamboo water pipe, Fructus Xanthii, brown sugar and
After charcoal powder, match with compound fertilizer other components, further enhance fertility, nutritional labeling increases
Plus, promote Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae root growth and the absorption to nutrient, make Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae growing way more preferable；Can simultaneously
Enough improve ground temperature, reduce nutrient loss, the lasting Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae that discharges grows necessary nutrient,
Effectively prevent Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae early stage senilism and the later stage from taking off fertile problem, it is to avoid secondary or three lifes of topdressing
Produce the increase of cost.
4th, add a small amount of alkaline slag in the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention, adjust institute
Stating compound fertilizer's pH value is 7-8, to suppress saprophytic varied bacteria growing, calcareous needed for Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae growth simultaneously,
And other trace element；Alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth are pressed above-mentioned
Ratio combines, and improves Soil structure further, makes that the soil is porous, good permeability, reduces and hold
Weight；Keep moisture ability high simultaneously, play the effect of water-retention water conservation, can provide to plant root
One suitable growing environment.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer mainly by following weight portion crude drug through plus
Work is prepared from：
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran 20 rotten mosses ash 8 potassium sulfate 12
Double superhosphate 8 carbamide 25 bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.02
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer mainly by following weight portion crude drug through plus
Work is prepared from：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer is processed by the crude drug of following weight portion
It is prepared from：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer mainly by following weight portion crude drug through plus
Work is prepared from：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer is processed by the crude drug of following weight portion
It is prepared from：
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran 20 rotten mosses ash 28.2 potassium sulfate 14.72
Double superhosphate 9.9 carbamide 27.2 bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.05
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1
Preparation method：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 3cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue is 60%, then piles centipede space, ferments 2 days in 85 DEG C,
Turn over buttress daily；65 DEG C ferment 33 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 3 times；De-stacking after fermentation, dry in the sun, secondary
Pulverize, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed；
3) weigh other raw materials, be respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.5mm；
4) by step 2) become thoroughly decomposed Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran and the step 3 that obtain) powder that obtains be delivered to mixed
In conjunction machine, mix 15min, obtain mixture；
5) by step 4) mixture of gained is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, and mixture granularity is
4mm, is cooled to room temperature after being dried, obtains described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer is processed by the crude drug of following weight portion
It is prepared from：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1
Preparation method：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 1cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue is 50%, then piles centipede space, ferments 3 days in 78 DEG C,
Turn over buttress daily；45 DEG C ferment 46 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 5 times；De-stacking after fermentation, after turning over buttress mixing
Dry in the sun, separating twice, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed；
3) weigh other raw materials, be respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.2mm；
4) by step 2) become thoroughly decomposed Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran and the step 3 that obtain) powder that obtains be delivered to mixed
In conjunction machine, mix 30min, obtain mixture；
5) by step 4) mixture of gained is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, and mixture granularity is
2mm, is cooled to room temperature after being dried, obtains described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 7
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer is by the processed system of crude drug of following weight portion
Standby form：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1
Preparation method：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 1cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue powder is 55%, then piles centipede space, in 82 DEG C of fermentations 3
My god, turn over buttress daily；50 DEG C ferment 40 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 4 times；De-stacking after fermentation, turns over buttress mixed
Dry in the sun after conjunction, separating twice, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed；
3) Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, rotten mosses ash, potassium sulfate, double superhosphate, carbamide, Amaranthusspinosus L., wood are weighed
Charcoal soil and Fructus Xanthii are respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.5mm；
4), after taking alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth mix homogeneously, use ball milling
Machine ball milling, ball milling rotation and revolution speed are than for 2:1, rotational velocity is 450r/min, motor work(
Rate is 5.5kw, obtains the mixed-powder of 0.15mm after ball milling 10h；
4) by step 3) powder that obtains and step 4) mixed-powder that obtains is delivered in mixer,
Mixing 20min, obtains mixture；
5) by step 4) mixture of gained is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, and mixture granularity is
3mm, is cooled to room temperature after being dried, obtains described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 8
A kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, this compound fertilizer is by the processed system of crude drug of following weight portion
Standby form：
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1
Preparation method：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 1cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue is 55%, then piles centipede space, ferments 3 days in 82 DEG C,
Turn over buttress daily；57 DEG C ferment 40 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 5 times；De-stacking after fermentation, after turning over buttress mixing
Dry in the sun, separating twice, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed；
3) Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, rotten mosses ash, potassium sulfate, double superhosphate, carbamide, Amaranthusspinosus L., wood are weighed
Charcoal soil and Fructus Xanthii are respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.5mm；
4), after taking alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth mix homogeneously, use ball milling
Machine ball milling, ball milling rotation and revolution speed are than for 2:1, rotational velocity is 450r/min, motor work(
Rate is 5.5kw, obtains the mixed-powder of 0.075mm after ball milling 12h；
4) by step 3) powder that obtains and step 4) mixed-powder that obtains is delivered in mixer,
Mixing 20min, obtains mixture；
5) by step 4) mixture of gained is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, and mixture granularity is
4mm, is cooled to room temperature after being dried, obtains described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer.
Typical case's application
1. test site：
In Zhangye And Its Surrounding Oasis modern agriculture est and pilot project core, soil is to fill desert soil, and soil property is sand
Loam, experimental field physical features is flat, surrounding no high-lager building, experimental plot area 14.172m
× 4.725m, cell surrounding builds the little ridge of 0.5m × 0.3m.
2. test process：
The fertilization principle of nutrition such as take, test designs 5 groups of process altogether, often equal 3 times of each process
Repeat, each value of every group of result of the test is to take the meansigma methodss of 3 times.
Matched group 1：According to carbamide：Double superhosphate：Potassium sulfate=27.2:9.96:14.7 weight portion
Compound fertilizer's 51.8kg/ mu that number ratio mixes；
Matched group 2 (conventional fertilizers)：According to carbamide：Diammonium phosphate：Potassium sulfate=11:10:3 weight
Compound fertilizer's 130kg/ mu that amount number ratio mixes；
Test group 1：Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae prepared by embodiment 5 special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, 100kg/ mu；
Test group 2：Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae prepared by embodiment 6 special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, 122kg/ mu；
Test group 3：Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae prepared by embodiment 8 special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, 133kg/ mu.
3. test method：
Matched group 1 and Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention special mushroom bran compound fertilizer are made by April 26th, 2012
Once apply for base fertilizer, matched group 2 fertilizer takes 1/3 seat base fertilizer to apply, remaining 2/3 conduct chases after
Fertile.On May 12nd, 2012 is colonized in Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae seedling age 4 leaf, and on July 15th, 2012 is once
Property harvesting Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, choose 20 plants of survey economy of the normal Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of fertility during harvesting in each cell
Shape and yield, gather 0～20cm topsoil soils sample simultaneously.
4. result of the test：
The impact to soil physico-chemical property for 4.1 different disposal
Soil organic matter content measures and adopts potassium dichromate Outside Heating Method, and soil hydrolyzable nitrogen contains
Measure and surely adopt alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method, the mensure of content of soil available phosphor adopts sodium bicarbonate to extract
Molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, the mensure of Soil Available potassium content adopts ammonium acetate to extract flame photometer
Method, the impact to soil physico-chemical property for the different fertilization is shown in Table the 1, impact to Soil structure and sees
Table 2.
The impact to soil physico-chemical property for table 1 different disposal
Compared with matched group 2, there is significant difference Pa<0.01, compared with test group 1, there is significant difference
Pb<0.01.
The impact to Soil structure for table 2 different disposal
Compared with matched group 2, there is significant difference Pa<0.01, compared with test group 1, there is difference Pb<0.05.
As shown in Table 1, May 12 sampling, in the case of applying inorganic fertilizer identical, examination
The content of soil with organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium testing group is all far above right
According to group 1；Due to the difference of fertilizer sowing amount, in matched group 2, the content of nutrient is also above matched group
1, but compared with test group compare also significance difference away from.July 15 sampled, and matched group and test group are native
In earth, nutrient content all reduces, but in test group soil nutrient content apparently higher than matched group, and
In test group 2 and test group 3 soil, there were significant differences again compared with test group 1 for nutrient content, test
Group 2 compares with test group 3, and difference is inconspicuous.Result shows, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention
Special mushroom bran compound fertilizer can greatly improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces making in a large number of inorganic fertilizer
With and waste；Containing organic matter in a large number, after plant harvesting, the content of organic matter is still abundant, significantly
Improve soil, prevent and improve soil compaction problem, realize the sustainable use of land resource；
And test group 2 and compound fertilizer described in test group 3, improve soil further, can slowly hold
The long Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae that discharges grows necessary nutrient, reduces the production cost that topdresses.
As shown in Table 2, the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention can improve soil knot
Structure, the compound fertilizer that especially test example 3 is provided, dramatically increase breathability, the reduction of soil
The soil weight, thus improving the water guide of soil, water conservation and permeability, beneficial to the growth of plant.
The impact to soil water-retaining performance for 4.2 different disposal
Take the soil of different fertilization, manually water to saturation, then dry in the sun 15 days, survey it
Specific retention, concrete data is shown in Table 3.
The impact to soil water-retaining performance for table 3 different disposal
As shown in Table 3, the soil water-retaining performance of test group 3 is optimal, and up to 141.7%, warp
After crossing the dry in the sun of 15 days, its specific retesion of soil remains to up to 127.6%, and test group 1 and test
Due to the addition of the raw materials such as mushroom bran, for the soil that inorganic fertilizer is processed, it protects group 2
Aqueouss can also have certain increase.
The impact to soil microorganism system for 4.3 different disposal
When to soil sample, determine antibacterial and fungal content in soil, test group soil simultaneously
In earth, yeast, mycete, actinomycetes bacterium quantitative content all dramatically increase, and fungal content is bright
Aobvious minimizing, is conducive to the decomposition of organic compound in soil, the synthesis of agron and ammonification
Effect etc., can effectively prevent the generation of soil-borne disease.
The impact to Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae economic situation, yield for 4.4 different disposal
The calculating impact to Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae quality and yield for the different fertilization after results, that this yield is,
Area 666.67m2Meter, result is referring to table 4.
The impact to Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae quality, yield and economic situation for table 4 different disposal
As shown in Table 4, after applying Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention special mushroom bran compound fertilizer, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae
Growing way, quality and yield are above matched group 1 and matched group 2；And test group 3 in test group
Effect be better than other two groups, the effect of test group 2 is better than test group 1.Matched group 2 tradition is applied
Fertile method, although dose is many, yield few compared with test group it may be possible to join with fertilizer nutrient
Also there is relation than improper.
5. conclusion
The special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae of the present invention, rationally, nutrient equalizes formula, can have
Effect promotes Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae growth, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, slow Releasing nutrient, reduces production cost,
Process is simple, realizes recycling of mushroom industry resource, improves soil, environmental protection,
Realize sustainable development.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae is it is characterised in that described compound fertilizer is mainly by following heavy
The raw material of amount part is prepared from：
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran 20-40 rotten mosses ash 8-29 potassium sulfate 12-15
Double superhosphate 8-11 carbamide 25-29 bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.02-0.08
Described Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran is 25 for Pleurotus eryngii waste residue adjustment C/N ratio：Obtain through fermentation after 1
's.
2. the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that preparation is described
Compound fertilizer also includes the raw material of following weight portion：
Amaranthusspinosus L. 4-7 Fructus Xanthii 1-4 charcoal powder 8-10 brown sugar 4-6.
3. the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that preparation is described
The raw materials used parts by weight of compound fertilizer are：
Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran 30 rotten mosses ash 18.3 potassium sulfate 14.58
Double superhosphate 9.9 carbamide 27.2 bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.05
Amaranthusspinosus L. 6 Fructus Xanthii, 2 charcoal powder 9 brown sugar 5.
4. the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that preparation
Described compound fertilizer also includes the raw material of following weight portion：
Alkaline slag 2-3 cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 3-5 tragacanth 2-3.
5. the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Fructus Pruni Bao
The fermentation process of mushroom bran is as follows：
1) Pleurotus eryngii waste residue will be dried it will be ground into the fragment of a diameter of 1-3cm, adjust C:N=25:1；
2) water content adjusting Pleurotus eryngii waste residue is 50%-60%, then piles centipede space, in 78-85 DEG C
Fermentation 2-3 days, turns over buttress daily；45-65 DEG C ferments 33-46 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 3-5 time；
De-stacking after fermentation, dry in the sun, separating twice, cross 0.8mm sieve, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran of must becoming thoroughly decomposed.
6. the special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that described step
2) ferment 3 days in 82 DEG C in, turn over buttress daily；50 DEG C ferment 40 days, and period turns over and piles up neatly 4 times.
7. the preparation method of the special mushroom bran of the Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae described in a kind of claim 4 compound fertilizer, its feature exists
In described preparation method is made up of following steps：
(1) take Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran, rotten mosses ash, potassium sulfate, double superhosphate, carbamide, Amaranthusspinosus L.,
Linesless charcoal soil and Fructus Xanthii are respectively crushed into the powder that particle diameter is 0.5mm；
(2), after taking alkaline slag, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and tragacanth mix homogeneously, use
Ball mill ball milling 10-12h, obtains the mixed-powder of 0.075-0.15mm；
(3) by powder prepared to bacillus amyloliquefaciens, brown sugar, step (1) and step (2)
Prepared mixed-powder mix homogeneously, is delivered in comminutor and carries out pelletize, obtains granularity and is
The described Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae special mushroom bran compound fertilizer of 2-4mm.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 8 is it is characterised in that ball in described step (2)
Mill rotation and revolution speed ratio are for 2:1, rotational velocity is 450r/min, and power of motor is
5.5kw.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103980019A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Agricultural solid organic waste medium temperature biological fermentation process and application thereof |
| CN104355905A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 侨健新能源科技（苏州）有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly controlled-release compound fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103980019A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Agricultural solid organic waste medium temperature biological fermentation process and application thereof |
| CN104355905A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 侨健新能源科技（苏州）有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly controlled-release compound fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |