CN106431571A - Ganoderma lucidum karst cultivation method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and selenium content - Google Patents
Ganoderma lucidum karst cultivation method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and selenium content Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ganoderma lucidum karst cultivation method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and selenium content. The method comprises the steps of 1, preparation of a culture medium, wherein the culture medium is prepared from, by weight, 75 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of corn flour, 1 part of lime, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of sugar, and the ratio of the materials to water is adjusted to 1:(1.3-1.5) with a selenium-rich nutrient solution; 2, material mixing, bagging, sterilization and inoculation; 3, spawn running, wherein the inoculated culture medium is placed in a greenhouse for spawn running, at the beginning, the greenhouse temperature is controlled to be 26-28 DEG C, at the 20th day after inoculation, the greenhouse temperature is increased to be 34 DEG C and kept for 20-24 h, and then recovered to be 26-28 DEG C; 4, ganoderma lucidum karst germination, wherein after hyphae grow to be filled with the bag, ganoderma lucidum karst enters into a ganoderma lucidum karst germination period, and the greenhouse temperature is increased to be 34 DEG C at the 5th day, the 10th day, the 15th day and the 20th day in the ganoderma lucidum karst germination period respectively, kept for 20-24 h and then recovered to be 26-28 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, more particularly, to a kind of Ganoderma cultivation improving ganoderan and Se content
Culture method.
Background technology
Ganoderma (scientific name：Ganoderma Lucidum Karst), also known as Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, Herba mesonae chinensis, the Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst. that has another name called, red sesame, wood spirit
Sesame, Ganoderma, Ganoderma lucisum, Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, are the Herbs of Polyporaceae plant Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma, are the son of On Polyporaceae Ganoderma
Entity.Profile is in umbrella, cap kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular.Ganoderma is as the Chinese tradition having thousands of years medicinal history
Valuable ingredient of Chinese medicine, has invigorating QI and tranquilization, effect of relieving cough and asthma, for dizziness sleeplessness, shortness of breath and palpitation, asthenia cough with asthma.Ganoderma possesses
Very high medical value, through scientific research institution's many decades modern pharmacology research confirm, Ganoderma for strengthen body immunity,
Adjust blood glucose, control blood pressure, adjuvant therapy chemicotherapy, hepatoprotective, the aspect such as hypnotic is respectively provided with significant curative effect.Ganoderma is many
Sugar is one of principle active component of glossy ganoderma medicinal function, is primarily present in glossy ganoderma cell wall inwall, and most of is beta glucan,
Its monosaccharide forms in addition to containing a large amount of glucoses, also contains a small amount of arabinose, xylose, fucose, rhamnose, galactose and sweet
Dew sugar etc., they are mostly bonded with glucosides such as (1-3), (1-4) and (1-6), have extensive biological activity, such as strengthen immunity
The effects such as power, removing human free radical, protection cardiovascular, radioprotective, the liver protecting, antitumor.Triterpeness are also having of Ganoderma
Effect one of composition, contained by Ganoderma, triterpeness are no less than 100 kinds of, wherein based on tetracyclic triterpenes, the bitterness of Ganoderma and contained triterpene
Class is relevant, has cytotoxicity to human hepatoma cell, also can suppress the release of histamine, has liver protection and antiallergic etc. and makees
With.
At present, the technology such as artificial generation (bottle) the material cultivation of Ganoderma, fermenting and producing is in succession successful, wherein, fermenting and producing
High to equipment requirements, investment is big, is unfavorable for wide popularization and application；Ganoderma Lucidum is long-standing in China, from cultivation basswood
To the development of substituting stuff cultivation technology, promote Ganoderma artificial culture on a large scale.As Chinese patent CN103724115A, disclose one
Plant Lucid ganoderma pocket planting fungus bag, be mainly formulated using following raw materials by weight：Mulberry wood chips 75-80%, cotton seed hullss 10-
16%th, Testa Tritici 3-5%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 0.8-1.2%, water content 55-65%, pH value 6.5-7.5, pack.Required for Ganoderma growth
Nutrient substance and other edible fungi on the whole for unanimous on the whole, such as carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, vitamin and mineral
Deng in the proportioning of Ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation culture medium, traditional major ingredient has cotton seed hullss, weed tree sawdust, agricultural crop straw etc., adjuvant
There are Testa Tritici, wooden bran, Semen Maydis powder etc., separately have the additives such as Gypsum Fibrosum, calcium superphosphate, white sugar.Artificial substituting stuff cultivation is mainly with wood flour, cotton
The agricultural leftover bits and pieces such as seed shell, bagasse, crop material and waste residue waste material make culturing raw material, easy and simple to handle, and small investment is it is easy to generally push away
Wide application, but waste residue waste material complicated component, have may contain harmful components, unfavorable to ganoderma lucidum product quality control.
Selenium is trace element needed by human.Selenium participates in multiple selenoenzymes and Selenonic protein in synthesized human.Wherein paddy Guang
Sweet peptide peroxidase, is catalyzed hydroperoxides in vivo or lipid peroxide is changed into water or various alcohols, eliminates
Free radical, to biomembranous attack, protects biomembrane from oxidative damage；Selenium participates in constituting the de- iodine enzyme of iodate thyroid amino acid.?
Internal selenium and Vitamin E are worked in coordination with, and can protect cell membrane, prevent the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid.Trace selenium has protective effect on cancer risk
And liver-protective effect.Selenium can improve human immunity, promotes the propagation of lymphocyte and the synthesis of antibody and immunoglobulin.
Selenium has the obvious effect suppressing and protecting to kinds cancers such as colon cancer, skin carcinoma, hepatocarcinoma, breast carcinoma, and it is in body
Mesostate methyl enol there is stronger active anticancer.Selenium is sought with Vitamin E, garlicin, linoleic acid, germanium, zinc etc.
Foster element has collaborative antioxidative effect, increases antioxidant activity.Meanwhile, selenium has the work mitigating and alleviating heavy metal toxicity
With.
But, the Ganoderma quantity of growth is few naturally, and containing substantial amounts of crude fibre and other impurity, and ganoderan contains
Measure not high (usually 2-5%), be not easy to directly as health food or pharmaceutical raw material, therefore, development can improve ganoderan
Studying with the artificial culture of the Ganoderma of Se content and cultivation technique is the key of cultivation of glossy ganoderma industrialization.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method improving ganoderan and Se content, can effectively improve
Main active ganoderan in Ganoderma and the content of selenium.
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method improving ganoderan and Se content of the present invention, is by following technical step
Come to realize：
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：75 parts of wood flour, 20 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of Semen Maydis powder, stone
1 part of ash, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 part of sugar, adjusting material-water ratio using Selenium-rich nutrient solution is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C, after inoculation the 20th
My god, greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C, after keeping 20-24h, recovers greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, respectively Ganoderma go out the 5th day of the sesame phase, the 10th day,
Respectively greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C within 15th day, the 20th day, the 25th day, recover greenhouse temperature after keeping 20-24h to 26-28
℃.
Step 1 of the present invention) described in Selenium-rich nutrient solution, be prepared by the following preparation method：
1. raw material prepares：Prepare 100 parts of pure water, 1.0 parts of L- Selenomethionine, 5 parts of Semen Maydis powder；
2., after raw material 1. mixes by step, put in pressure pan, be forced into 4kg/cm2So as to pressure is uniformly, and keep
2-3min, then recovers normal pressure in 1-3s, obtains serosity, is ripe withered of 10% access culture at 25 DEG C by percent by volume
Careless bacillus cereuss liquid strain, puts in fermentation tank, is passed through filtrated air in fermentation tank, is stirred fermenting, speed of agitator
250r/min, fermentation time is 4h, and temperature keeps 35-37 DEG C, after fermentation ends, rapidly temperature is risen to 70 DEG C and keeps 1.0h to go out
Live, obtain.
The cultural method of described bacillus subtilises liquid spawn is：Using triangular flask strain cultivation, below attach most importance to
Amount percent, by the albumen processing slurry 30.0-35.0%, KH2P041.0%, MgS042.0%, NaCl0.5% put into
In triangular flask, stir, adjust pH to 5.6,125 DEG C of sterilizing 10min, be cooled to 25 DEG C, access withered through slant culture
Careless Bacillus, 28 DEG C of shaking table cultures 60-100h, for fermentation tank inoculation.
Step 2) described in spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation, with reference to prior art method.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, the high temperatures mushroom of Ganoderma, all can grow between 15-35 DEG C, and thermophilic is 25-30 DEG C.Sporophore is in 10-32
All can grow in the range of DEG C, but the optimum temperature of former base differentiation and fruit body development is 25-28 DEG C.Less than 25 DEG C, sporophore
Poor growth, cot color and luster is also poor, and higher than 35 DEG C, sporophore can be dead.Prior art, during Ganoderma sends out bacterium and goes out sesame, one
As be to control greenhouse temperature in room temperature or 26-28 DEG C.The innovative point of the present invention is, sends out bacterium period and goes out sesame in certain
In period, the temperature improving culture room, to 34 DEG C, keeps a period of time, gives Ganoderma high temperature stimulation, after intensification stimulation terminates and extensive
Again to normal growth temperature.
2nd, ganoderan is very sensitive to temperature, is heat-sensitive substance, and temperature raises, and can cause the degraded of ganoderan, many
Glycosidic bond easy fracture in sugared body and form multiple sugar monomers, and sugar monomer be do not have activated.The present invention passes through many experiments, grinds
Study carefully the impact to ganoderma polyoses content for the high-temperature time, strict control gives the time of Ganoderma high temperature stimulation, the time is short, Ganoderma
The content of polysaccharide does not significantly improve, time length, can cause the decomposition of ganoderan, and the present invention passes through interim high temperature
Stimulate, ganoderma polyoses content can be improved with effectively utilizes high temperature, turn avoid the decomposition to ganoderan for the long-time high temperature.
3rd, by the Ganoderma of non-high-temperature process and the Ganoderma through high-temperature process, the Ganoderma of 100 bacterium bags is sampled detecting,
Detection project is ganoderan.From the point of view of the testing result of polysaccharide, through high-temperature process ganoderma polyoses content than unprocessed
Ganoderma polyoses content significantly improve.
4th, Selenium-rich nutrient solution of the prior art, usually using inorganic selenium, particularly sodium selenite and sodium selenate, sub- selenium
Sour potassium and potassium selenate etc., obtain from the side-product of metal mineral reserves, and inorganic selenium have larger toxicity, and are difficult to be absorbed, as
Nutritional solution, assimilation effect is bad.The Selenomethionine that the present invention uses, is a kind of organic selenium source, compared with inorganic selenium, Selenomethionine
There is safe and efficient advantage, it can substitute some methionine and be attached to one reversible selenium depots of formation on body protein,
And there is not toxic hazard.
5th, Selenomethionine is that in nature, selenium is present in one of plant and feed grain seleno amino with organic form
The plant growings such as acid, frumentum and forage crop are not necessarily required to Selenomethionine, but with Methionine synthesis they can utilize ring
Selenite particularly in soil and selenate synthesis Selenomethionine in border.Available selenium in soil is more, in plant
Selenomethionine content is higher.At present, Selenomethionine is mainly derived from natural selenium yeast, is being primarily present of organic selenium in selenium yeast
Form, but Selenomethionine has dense yeast taste, directly water-soluble rear sprinkling, and absorption efficiency is low and influences whether finally to produce
The taste and flavor of product.Bacillus subtillis, are one kind of Bacilluss, and bacillus subtilises thalline itself synthesizes alphalise starch
The enzymes such as enzyme, protease, Digestive Enzyme, cellulase, are equivalent to compound enzyme, and the present invention is by Selenomethionine mixing Ko subtilis bar
Bacterium after fermentation, is fermented using the zymasises that Selenomethionine product carries, and is on the one hand beneficial to selenium element and enters Ganoderma, on the other hand
With Methionine synthesis they can be using the selenite particularly in soil and selenate synthesis Selenomethionine in environment, also
Can be effectively improved, dissolve yeast flavor.
6th, the HIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT that the food sterilization stage uses is applied to the compounding stage by the present invention, by " being forced into
4kg/cm2So as to pressure is uniformly, and keep 2-3min, in 1-3s, then recover normal pressure ", by moment, pressure is reduced to 0,
On the one hand can be changed to sterilize by the moment of pressure, on the other hand can effectively refine, disperse Selenomethionine, advantageously
Absorption in Ganoderma.
Specific embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1-5：
In order to verify the technique effect of the present invention, 2016, produce the product of 5 batches using the technology of the present invention, each
The method of batch is as follows:
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Wood flour 75kg, Testa Tritici 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 2kg, stone
Grey 1kg, Gypsum Fibrosum 1kg, sugared 1kg, adjusting material-water ratio using Selenium-rich nutrient solution is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C, after inoculation the 20th
My god, greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C, after keeping 20-24h, recovers greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, respectively Ganoderma go out the 5th day of the sesame phase, the 10th day,
Respectively greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C within 15th day, the 20th day, the 25th day, recover greenhouse temperature after keeping 20-24h to 26-28
℃；
Step 1) described in Selenium-rich nutrient solution, be prepared by the following preparation method：
1. raw material prepares：Prepare 100 parts of pure water, 1.0 parts of L- Selenomethionine, 5 parts of Semen Maydis powder；
2., after raw material 1. mixes by step, put in pressure pan, be forced into 4kg/cm2So as to pressure is uniformly, and keep
2-3min, then recovers normal pressure in 1-3s, obtains serosity, is ripe withered of 10% access culture at 25 DEG C by percent by volume
Careless bacillus cereuss liquid strain, puts in fermentation tank, is passed through filtrated air in fermentation tank, is stirred fermenting, speed of agitator
250r/min, fermentation time is 4h, and temperature keeps 35-37 DEG C, after fermentation ends, rapidly temperature is risen to 70 DEG C and keeps 1.0h to go out
Live, obtain.
Comparative example 1：
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Wood flour 75kg, Testa Tritici 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 2kg, stone
Grey 1kg, Gypsum Fibrosum 1kg, sugared 1kg, material-water ratio is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, controls greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C.
Comparative example 2：
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Wood flour 75kg, Testa Tritici 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 2kg, stone
Grey 1kg, Gypsum Fibrosum 1kg, sugared 1kg, material-water ratio is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, controls greenhouse temperature at 34 DEG C.
Comparative example 3：
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Wood flour 75kg, Testa Tritici 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 2kg, stone
Grey 1kg, Gypsum Fibrosum 1kg, 1 part of sugar, material-water ratio is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C, after inoculation the 10th
My god, greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C, after keeping 20-24h, recovers greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, goes out carrying greenhouse temperature on the 20th day of sesame phase in Ganoderma
Height, to 34 DEG C, recovers greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C after keeping 20-24h.
Result：
Each batch stochastic sampling, after testing, result see table：
Claims (2)
1. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method improving ganoderan and Se content it is characterised in that be by following technical step Lai
Realize：
1) preparation of culture medium：It is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：75 parts of wood flour, 20 parts of Testa Tritici, 2 parts of Semen Maydis powder, Calx 1
Part, 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 part of sugar, adjusting material-water ratio using Selenium-rich nutrient solution is 1：1.3-1.5；
2) spice, pack, sterilizing, inoculation；
3) send out bacterium：After inoculation, put into booth and send out bacterium, just start, control greenhouse temperature at 26-28 DEG C, the 20th day after inoculation, will
Greenhouse temperature brings up to 34 DEG C, recovers greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C after keeping 20-24h；
4) go out sesame：After the long purseful of mycelia, Ganoderma enters out the sesame phase, respectively Ganoderma go out the 5th day of the sesame phase, the 10th day, the 15th
My god, respectively greenhouse temperature is brought up to 34 DEG C within the 20th day, the 25th day, keep 20-24h after recover greenhouse temperature to 26-28 DEG C；
Step 1) described in Selenium-rich nutrient solution, be prepared by the following preparation method：
1. raw material prepares：Prepare 100 parts of pure water, 1.0 parts of L- Selenomethionine, 5 parts of Semen Maydis powder；
2., after raw material 1. mixes by step, put in pressure pan, be forced into 4kg/cm2So as to pressure is uniformly, and keep 2-
3min, then recovers normal pressure in 1-3s, obtains serosity, at 25 DEG C by the hay that percent by volume is that maturation is cultivated in 10% access
Bacillus cereuss liquid strain, puts in fermentation tank, is passed through filtrated air in fermentation tank, is stirred fermenting, speed of agitator 250r/
Min, fermentation time is 4h, and temperature keeps 35-37 DEG C, after fermentation ends, rapidly temperature is risen to 70 DEG C and keeps 1.0h inactivation, obtain
Arrive.
2. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method improving ganoderan and Se content according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Step
The cultural method of the bacillus subtilises liquid spawn described in rapid 1) is：Using triangular flask strain cultivation, below for weight
Percent, by the albumen processing slurry 30.0-35.0%, KH2PO41.0%, MgSO42.0%, NaCl0.5% put into three
In the bottle of angle, stir, adjust pH to 5.6,125 DEG C of sterilizing 10min, be cooled to 25 DEG C, access the hay through slant culture
Bacillus, 28 DEG C of shaking table cultures 60-100h, for fermentation tank inoculation.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018800A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-08 | 刘让云 | Bamboo grove simulated wild glossy ganoderma cultural method |
| CN107646531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽利民生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Se-rich lucid ganoderma culture medium |
| CN108029459A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-15 | 广州百翠原绿色农产品发展有限公司 | A kind of method by spraying selenium element culture Se-rich lucid ganoderma to cultivation of glossy ganoderma bed |
| CN108668774A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 广西职业技术学院 | One kind is using ramulus mori as raw material pseudo-wild cultivating ganoderma lucidum technology |
| CN111919666A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-13 | 康臻生物科技(北京)有限公司 | Agaricus blazei murill containing organic selenium |
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| CN104892097A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 苏州葛家坞生物科技有限公司 | Liquid culture medium of selenium-rich edible fungus and preparation method for liquid culture medium |
| CN105272412A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-27 | 广西锦翰环保科技有限公司 | Organic-Se nutrient solution for crops as well as preparation method and application of organic-Se nutrient solution |
| CN105409596A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Ganoderma lucidum substitute cultivation method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018800A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-08 | 刘让云 | Bamboo grove simulated wild glossy ganoderma cultural method |
| CN107646531A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽利民生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Se-rich lucid ganoderma culture medium |
| CN108029459A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-15 | 广州百翠原绿色农产品发展有限公司 | A kind of method by spraying selenium element culture Se-rich lucid ganoderma to cultivation of glossy ganoderma bed |
| CN108668774A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 广西职业技术学院 | One kind is using ramulus mori as raw material pseudo-wild cultivating ganoderma lucidum technology |
| CN111919666A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-13 | 康臻生物科技(北京)有限公司 | Agaricus blazei murill containing organic selenium |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |