CN104030845B - A kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica - Google Patents
A kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 35-70 part, auxiliary material 25-60 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sugared 0.1-1 part, Grosvenor Momordica 1-5 part, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.Adopt glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum of the present invention, the growth of miscellaneous bacteria can well be suppressed in the cultivation of glossy ganoderma, there is significant effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, particularly relate to a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (formal name used at school: GanodermaLucidumKarst), also known as Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, celestial grass, have another name called red sesame, red sesame, Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma, 10000 years gill fungus, Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, and being the complete stool of the red sesame of polyporaceae plant or purple sesame, is the sporophore of On Polyporaceae glossy ganoderma.Profile is umbrella, cap kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular.Glossy ganoderma, as the Chinese tradition valuable ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine having thousands of years medicinal histories, has invigorating QI and tranquilization, relieving cough and asthma effect, and for dizzy egersis, shortness of breath and palpitation, consumptive disease is coughed and breathed heavily.Glossy ganoderma possesses very high pharmaceutical use, and the modern pharmacology research through scientific research institution's many decades confirms, glossy ganoderma, for enhancing body immunity, regulates blood sugar, controls blood pressure, adjuvant therapy chemicotherapy, liver protecting, promotes that the aspects such as sleep all have significant curative effect.Ganoderan is one of principle active component of glossy ganoderma medicinal function; mainly be present in glossy ganoderma cell wall inwall; major part is beta-glucan; its monose composition is except containing except a large amount of glucose; also containing a small amount of pectinose, wood sugar, Fucose; rhamnosyl; semi-lactosi and seminose etc.; they are connected with glycosidic links such as (1-6) mainly with (1-3), (1-4) greatly; there is biological activity widely, as strengthening immunity, remove human free radical, protect cardiovascular, radioprotective, protection liver, the effect such as antitumor.Triterpenes is also one of effective constituent of glossy ganoderma, and triterpenes contained by glossy ganoderma not lower over one hundred kind, wherein based on tetracyclic triterpenes, the bitter taste of glossy ganoderma is relevant with contained triterpenes, to human hepatoma cell, there is cytotoxicity, also can suppress the release of histamine, have and protect the liver and the effects such as antianaphylaxis.
Because the glossy ganoderma of self-sow is few, and containing a large amount of robust fibre and other impurity, and ganoderma polyoses content not high (being generally 2-5%), be not easy to directly as protective foods or pharmaceutical raw material, therefore, many scientific workers carry out artificial culture and the cultivation technique research of glossy ganoderma.At present, in the artificial generation (bottle) of glossy ganoderma, expects that the technology such as cultivation, fermentative production obtain successfully in succession, and wherein, fermentative production is high to equipment requirements, and investment is large, is unfavorable for wide popularization and application; Ganoderma Lucidum is long-standing in China, from cultivation basswood to the development of substituting stuff cultivation technology, facilitates glossy ganoderma artificial culture on a large scale.As Chinese patent CN103724115A, disclose a kind of glossy ganoderma bag and plant bacterium bag, the following raw materials by weight of main employing is formulated: mulberry wood chips 75-80%, cotton seed hulls 10-16%, wheat bran 3-5%, terra alba 0.8-1.2%, water content 55-65%, pH value 6.5-7.5, pack.Glossy ganoderma growth required for nutritive substance and other edible mushrooms unanimous on the whole on the whole, as carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc., in the proportioning of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation culture medium, tradition major ingredient has cotton seed hulls, weed tree sawdust, agricultural crop straw etc., auxiliary material has wheat bran, wooden chaff, Semen Maydis powder etc., separately has the addition materials such as gypsum, calcium superphosphate, white sugar.Artificial substituting stuff cultivation mainly makes culturing raw material with the agricultural tankage such as wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse, crop material and waste residue waste material, easy and simple to handle, less investment, be easy to popularity application, but waste residue waste material complicated component, what have may contain objectionable constituent, unfavorable to ganoderma lucidum prod quality control.Therefore the key that novel substituting stuff cultivation substratum is cultivation of glossy ganoderma industrialization is found.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica of with low cost, successful is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
With the addition of a glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 35-70 part, auxiliary material 25-60 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sugared 0.1-1 part, Grosvenor Momordica 1-5 part, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.
Preferably, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 42 parts, auxiliary material 53 parts, 1 part, gypsum, sugar 1 part, Grosvenor Momordica 3 parts, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.
Described glossy ganoderma comprises preferred Antler Mythic Fungus, Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat.
Described wood chip preferably originate maple and vertebra wood.
Described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, can be arbitrary proportion.
Described Grosvenor Momordica be fresh or drying after Grosvenor Momordica or the Grosvenor Momordica residue that obtains after extracting Grosvenor Momordica activeconstituents.
Described extraction Grosvenor Momordica activeconstituents technique comprises the technique such as extracting and developing, purifying.
With the addition of a preparation method for the glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum of Grosvenor Momordica, comprise the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar, Grosvenor Momordica mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule, material-water ratio 1:1.3-1.5;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Preferred 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, or normal pressure (100 DEG C) sterilizing 10-12 hour, move into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treat that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, Grosvenor Momordica, the perennial vine of Curcurbitaceae.Fruits nutrition is worth very high, containing abundant glucoside, flavones, fructose, glucose, protein, lipid etc.The present invention adds Grosvenor Momordica at glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, can utilize the carbohydrate, protein etc. that contain in Grosvenor Momordica, provides the nutrient that substratum is abundant, reduces the interpolation of sugar.
2, the growth of the Flavonoid substances in Lo Han Guo fruit to gram-positive microorganisms such as Bacillus subtillis, gas bacillus, Sarcina lutea and Candida albicans has more significant restraining effect, also has certain restraining effect to intestinal bacteria, Bacillus proteus and mould and aspergillus niger.By adding Grosvenor Momordica at glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, the bacteria resistance function of Grosvenor Momordica can be given full play to, reducing substratum by the harm of living contaminants.
3, Grosvenor Momordica is Guangxi, the particularly special product in Guilin, industrial is all generally that Grosvenor Momordica residue extract the sweet ingredients such as sweet glucoside from Grosvenor Momordica after is abandoned as waste, a general production technique is just for one or several composition in Grosvenor Momordica, and other composition uselessly to make full use of, the present invention can make full use of the waste after Grosvenor Momordica extraction, turns waste into wealth, adds the added value of Grosvenor Momordica.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
With the addition of a Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 35kg, cotton seed hulls 60kg, gypsum 0.5kg, sugared 0.1kg, new fresh Fructus Momordicae 5kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.3.
The preparation method of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first by wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar, smash Grosvenor Momordica mixing formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but is not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Embodiment 2:
With the addition of a Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of following raw material: vertebra wood wood chip 70kg, cotton seed hulls 10kg, Semen Maydis powder 15kg, gypsum 1.5kg, sugared 1kg, drying Grosvenor Momordica 1kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.5.
The preparation method of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first by wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar, smash Grosvenor Momordica mixing formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but is not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, normal pressure (100 DEG C) sterilizing 10-12 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Embodiment 3:
With the addition of an Antler Mythic Fungus substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of following raw material: the Grosvenor Momordica residue 3kg obtained after maple wood chip 42kg, wheat bran 53kg, gypsum 1kg, sugared 1kg, extraction Momordica-Glycosides, material-water ratio is 1:1.4.
The preparation method of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar, the mixing of Grosvenor Momordica residue are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Embodiment 4:
With the addition of an Antler Mythic Fungus substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, be made up of following raw material: the Grosvenor Momordica residue 3.2kg obtained after vertebra wood wood chip 40kg, wheat bran 55kg, gypsum 1kg, sugared 0.8kg, extraction Momordica-Glycosides, material-water ratio is 1:1.3.
The preparation method of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar, the mixing of Grosvenor Momordica residue are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, normal pressure (100 DEG C) sterilizing 10-12 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Comparative example
A kind of Antler Mythic Fungus substituting stuff cultivation substratum, be made up of following raw material: willow wood chip 42kg, wheat bran 56kg, gypsum 1kg, sugared 1kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.4.
The preparation method of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
By the glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum obtained embodiment and comparative example, carry out cultivation of glossy ganoderma experiment at identical conditions, and statistics is by the situation of living contaminants:
Table 1: living contaminants situation unit: %
By contrast, a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica of the present invention, can well suppress the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, have significant effect in the cultivation of glossy ganoderma.
Table 2: mycelial growth situation
Substratum of the present invention is after hyphal development test, its mycelia rate of stretch is quick, and mycelia is healthy and strong, and the later stage goes out in sesame test also to show that substratum of the present invention is for cultivating ganoderma, cultivation period is moderate, and glossy ganoderma yield and quality is significantly improved relative to prior art.Nutritive substance contained by substratum of the present invention fully can meet the basic demand of ganoderma lucidum growth and reproductive growth, and the Ganoderma sporophore cultivated through above-mentioned formula is very large attractive in appearance, quality is superior, cultivate to contrast with prior art and find, the glossy ganoderma per unit area yield of substituting stuff cultivation substratum cultivation exceeds more than 20%, and ganoderma polyoses content exceeds more than 15%.
Claims (5)
1. with the addition of a glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum for Grosvenor Momordica, it is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 35-70 part, auxiliary material 25-60 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sugared 0.1-1 part, Grosvenor Momordica 1-5 part, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5;
Described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, can be arbitrary proportion.
2. a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 42 parts, auxiliary material 53 parts, 1 part, gypsum, sugar 1 part, Grosvenor Momordica 3 parts, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.
3. a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described glossy ganoderma is Antler Mythic Fungus, Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat.
4. a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wood chip source maple and vertebra wood.
5. a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Grosvenor Momordica according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described Grosvenor Momordica be fresh or drying after Grosvenor Momordica or the Grosvenor Momordica residue that obtains after extracting Grosvenor Momordica activeconstituents.
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