CN105418264A - Culture medium for substitute cultivation of ganoderma applanatum - Google Patents
Culture medium for substitute cultivation of ganoderma applanatum Download PDFInfo
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- CN105418264A CN105418264A CN201510982362.XA CN201510982362A CN105418264A CN 105418264 A CN105418264 A CN 105418264A CN 201510982362 A CN201510982362 A CN 201510982362A CN 105418264 A CN105418264 A CN 105418264A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium for substitute cultivation of ganoderma applanatum. The culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight: 35-70 parts of wood chip, 25-60 parts of an auxiliary material, 0.5-1.5 parts of gypsum and 0.1-1 part of sugar. Material-to-water ratio is controlled to be 1:1.3-1.5 with a nutrient solution. In the invention, a special nutrient solution is employed for controlling the material-to-water ratio, so that ganoderma applanatum is high in nutritional value and is greatly increased in polysaccharide content when being compared with products in the prior art. In the nutrient solution, vegetable raw materials are especially subjected to steam explosion, distillation and high-shear homogenizing machine treatment to prepare a nano milky vegetable oily component, so that the nutrient solution is good in compatibility with other components in the culture medium and can stimulate proliferation of various cells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, particularly relate to a kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (formal name used at school: GanodermaLucidumKarst), also known as Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, celestial grass, have another name called red sesame, red sesame, Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma, 10000 years gill fungus, Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, and being the complete stool of the red sesame of polyporaceae plant or purple sesame, is the sporophore of On Polyporaceae glossy ganoderma.Profile is umbrella, cap kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular.Glossy ganoderma, as the Chinese tradition valuable ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine having thousands of years medicinal histories, has invigorating QI and tranquilization, relieving cough and asthma effect, and for dizzy egersis, shortness of breath and palpitation, consumptive disease is coughed and breathed heavily.Glossy ganoderma possesses very high pharmaceutical use, and the modern pharmacology research through scientific research institution's many decades confirms, glossy ganoderma, for enhancing body immunity, regulates blood sugar, controls blood pressure, adjuvant therapy chemicotherapy, liver protecting, promotes that the aspects such as sleep all have significant curative effect.Ganoderan is one of principle active component of glossy ganoderma medicinal function; mainly be present in glossy ganoderma cell wall inwall; major part is beta-glucan; its monose composition is except containing except a large amount of glucose; also containing a small amount of pectinose, wood sugar, Fucose; rhamnosyl; semi-lactosi and seminose etc.; they are connected with glycosidic links such as (1-6) mainly with (1-3), (1-4) greatly; there is biological activity widely, as strengthening immunity, remove human free radical, protect cardiovascular, radioprotective, protection liver, the effect such as antitumor.Triterpenes is also one of effective constituent of glossy ganoderma, and triterpenes contained by glossy ganoderma not lower over one hundred kind, wherein based on tetracyclic triterpenes, the bitter taste of glossy ganoderma is relevant with contained triterpenes, to human hepatoma cell, there is cytotoxicity, also can suppress the release of histamine, have and protect the liver and the effects such as antianaphylaxis.
Ancient Times in China is familiar with to some extent to the pharmaceutical use of wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat for a long time.Just there is the record of " having bacterium sesame person on rotten earth " in B.C. Zhou Dynasty in 11st century " row " book, wherein think: boil the white smell that boils fragrant clearly, the order of drink is bright, brain is clear, calm, kidney is hard, and its treasure also.Be classified as top grade by wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat in the Shennong's Herbal of the Eastern Han Dynasty, think there is the effect such as " the beneficial motive ", " peace is frightened ", " tonifying liver benefit gas ", " hard muscles and bones ", " good color ", clothes can " not prolonged life " always for a long time.In " embrace flutter sub-elixir " of Eastern Jin Dynasty Ge Hong, wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat is divided into " five sesames ", and specifically describes the ecological habit of " five sesames ", collection and pharmaceutical use thereof.Its literary composition is said " five sesame persons, have fungid, have wooden sesame, and careless sesame has meat sesame, has bacterium sesame, respectively have hundred to be permitted to plant also ".Ming Dynasty's LI Shi-Zhen, in Compendium of Material Medica, inherits the achievement in research of forefathers, simultaneously to forefathers about the mythical viewpoint of wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat has made criticism, also more deep to the research of wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat.He records and lists the pharmaceutical characteristic of " blue or green sesame, red sesame, Bai Zhi, Huang Zhi, black sesame, purple sesame " six kinds of wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pats in book, his research and be summarized as the research of descendant to wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat and established solid basis.
From the viewpoint of modern Chinese medicine, wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat has three large features: one be nontoxicity, have no side effect; Two is not specific effective in cure to a certain organ; Three is to impel whole organ function normalizing.Along with updating of research means, many scholars have carried out intensive analysis and research to the active chemical of wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat, and develop many products, by clinical application, confirm that he has unusual effect in preventing and curing diseases.
Wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat polysaccharide is one of the most effective composition in wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat, therefore the attention of extremely medical personal.Refuse to submit, wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat polysaccharide has the characteristic of stimulation of host non-specific resistance, immune specific reaction and suppression transplantation tumor physiologically active.Polysaccharide molecular weight shows high inhibition tumor promotion when being greater than 10000, active strong and weak also relevant with the quantity of hydroxyl in the degree of polysaccharide chain bifurcated and side chain.But wild Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat not easily obtains, and carries out artificial culture necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Antler Mythic Fungus substituting stuff cultivation substratum of with low cost, successful is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 35-70 part, auxiliary material 25-60 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sugared 0.1-1 part, to control material-water ratio with nutritive medium be 1:1.3-1.5;
Described nutritive medium is made up of following part by weight composition:
PH is adjusted to be 6.0 with phosphate buffered saline buffer;
Described promotor adopts following methods preparation:
1) Feedstock treating: Small Centipeda Herb is clean, drying, pulverizing;
2) Steam explosion treatment: by step 1) material that obtains puts into steam explosion tank, burstpressures 3.0-3.5Mpa, and the dwell time maintains 150-200s;
3) distillation process: by step 2) material that obtains puts into distiller, bottom distiller, heating flame or pass into steam, when hot steam is filled in distiller, water vapour, by prolong, is introduced in condenser, again by water-and-oil separator, collect essential oil;
4) high-shear homogenizing machine process: by step 3) essential oil that obtains is by high-shear homogenizing machine process, and linear velocity 30-40m/s, time 3-5min, makes nano-emulsion, and obtains with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Preferably, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 42 parts, auxiliary material 53 parts, 1 part, gypsum, sugar 1 part, with nutritive medium control material-water ratio be 1:1.3-1.5.
Wood chip of the present invention preferably derives from maple and vertebra wood.
Described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, can be arbitrary proportion.
A preparation method for Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
1) wood chip processing in early stage: pulverize after the trunk of trees after felling and branch peeling, dry for subsequent use;
2) batching, spice, windrow fermentation: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum, first wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, sugar mixing are formed siccative, then Ensure Liquid liquid fully mixes formation medium matrix thoroughly, after spice terminates, windrow ferments, nutritive medium is fully absorbed by medium matrix, can pack;
3) sterilizing: will install Bag Material bag and put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate;
4) inoculate: by Antler Mythic Fungus strain inoculation in substratum, then postvaccinal bacterium bag is put into culturing room and cultivate, treat that mycelia covers with bacterium bag, proceed to fertility room after surperficial mycelia kink variable color and carry out sesame period management;
5) sesame period management is gone out: control room temp, humidity, CO
2concentration, intensity of illumination, pH value;
6) flower bud period management is dredged: in the young flower bud phase, manually remove small and weak sesame body, leave and take sturdy sesame body;
7) gather: gather in time when Antler Mythic Fungus is ripe.
Step 1 of the present invention) described in pulverizing, it is 0.5-1.0cm that preferred powder is broken to particle diameter.
Step 2) described in windrow fermentation, preferred control fermentation heap internal temperature is 65-70 DEG C, fermentation time is 1-2h, described pack, preferred 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feeds about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
Step 3) described in high pressure steam sterilization, preferably 121 DEG C of sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, normal-pressure sterilization, preferably 100 DEG C of sterilizing 10-12 hour.
Step 4) described in inoculation, preferably according to the inoculum size of 1-3% (w/w), described culturing room require clean, clean, ventilate, between bacterium bag, temperature remains between 22-25 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 55-60, cultivates, generally cultivate 30-40d under non-illuminated conditions.
Step 5) described in go out sesame period management, preferably control room temp 24-28 DEG C, humidity 75-85%, CO
2concentration 0.5-0.9, adopt fixed light source, intensity of illumination 300-4001x, pH value is 5.3-6.7.
Step 6) described in thin flower bud period management, preferably leave and take sturdy sesame body 1-2.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, in prior art, the substituting stuff cultivation substratum of preparation glossy ganoderma, controls material-water ratio, generally adopt tap water or pure water, the present invention adopts special nutritive medium to control material-water ratio, and being of high nutritive value of the Antler Mythic Fungus obtained, polysaccharide content significantly increases than prior art.Infrared spectra shows, the ganoderan structure obtained of the present invention is mainly the pyranose form dextran that β-glycosidic link connects, the principal monosaccharides component of its polysaccharide is glucose, content is about 95% (prior art obtains ganoderan about 89%), and containing other a small amount of monosaccharide component D-R, D-wood sugar, D-MANNOSE, D-semi-lactosis, its polysaccharide is mainly with all sugared, and polysaccharide is amorphous structure, and molecular weight is mainly distributed in 8 × 10
4u-2 × 10
5between u, molecular mass is mainly 2 × 10
5the biomacromolecule of u.
2, the nutritive medium that the present invention is used, by adding trace metal ion and plant promoting agent, can stimulate the propagation of various kinds of cell.The plant material composition particularly used have passed through steam explosion, distillation, high-shear homogenizing machine process, obtains the plant oil components of nanometer emulsus, and in substratum, the consistency of other formulas is good, and ultimate capacity increases by more than 16%.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 35kg, cotton seed hulls 60kg, gypsum 0.5kg, sugared 0.1kg, to control material-water ratio with nutritive medium be 1:1.3;
Described nutritive medium is made up of following part by weight composition:
PH is adjusted to be 6.0 with phosphate buffered saline buffer;
Described promotor adopts following methods preparation:
1) Feedstock treating: Small Centipeda Herb is clean, drying, pulverizing;
2) Steam explosion treatment: by step 1) material that obtains puts into steam explosion tank, burstpressures 3.0Mpa, and the dwell time maintains 200s;
3) distillation process: by step 2) material that obtains puts into distiller, bottom distiller, heating flame or pass into steam, when hot steam is filled in distiller, water vapour, by prolong, is introduced in condenser, again by water-and-oil separator, collect essential oil;
4) high-shear homogenizing machine process: by step 3) essential oil that obtains is by high-shear homogenizing machine process, and linear velocity 30m/s, time 5min, makes nano-emulsion, and obtains with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is made up of following raw material: vertebra wood wood chip 70kg, cotton seed hulls 10kg, Semen Maydis powder 15kg, gypsum 1.5kg, sugared 1kg, to control material-water ratio with nutritive medium be 1:1.5;
Described nutritive medium is made up of following part by weight composition:
PH is adjusted to be 6.0 with phosphate buffered saline buffer;
Described promotor adopts following methods preparation:
1) Feedstock treating: Small Centipeda Herb is clean, drying, pulverizing;
2) Steam explosion treatment: by step 1) material that obtains puts into steam explosion tank, burstpressures 3.5Mpa, and the dwell time maintains 180s;
3) distillation process: by step 2) material that obtains puts into distiller, bottom distiller, heating flame or pass into steam, when hot steam is filled in distiller, water vapour, by prolong, is introduced in condenser, again by water-and-oil separator, collect essential oil;
4) high-shear homogenizing machine process: by step 3) essential oil that obtains is by high-shear homogenizing machine process, and linear velocity 35m/s, time 3min, makes nano-emulsion, and obtains with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 42kg, wheat bran 53kg, gypsum 1kg, sugared 1kg, to control material-water ratio with nutritive medium be 1:1.4;
Described nutritive medium is made up of following part by weight composition:
PH is adjusted to be 6.0 with phosphate buffered saline buffer;
Described promotor adopts following methods preparation:
1) Feedstock treating: Small Centipeda Herb is clean, drying, pulverizing;
2) Steam explosion treatment: by step 1) material that obtains puts into steam explosion tank, burstpressures 3.5Mpa, and the dwell time maintains 150s;
3) distillation process: by step 2) material that obtains puts into distiller, bottom distiller, heating flame or pass into steam, when hot steam is filled in distiller, water vapour, by prolong, is introduced in condenser, again by water-and-oil separator, collect essential oil;
4) high-shear homogenizing machine process: by step 3) essential oil that obtains is by high-shear homogenizing machine process, and linear velocity 40m/s, time 4min, makes nano-emulsion, and obtains with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Comparative example 1:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, be made up of following raw material: willow wood chip 42kg, wheat bran 56kg, gypsum 1kg, sugared 1kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.4.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, be made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 40kg, wheat bran 58kg, gypsum 0.5kg, sugared 1.5kg, fresh Small Centipeda Herb 1kg, material-water ratio are 1:1.3.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 40kg, wheat bran 58kg, gypsum 0.5kg, sugared 1.5kg, and the Small Centipeda Herb residue 1kg after extraction activeconstituents, material-water ratio are 1:1.3.
The composition analysis of the Antler Mythic Fungus adopting embodiment and comparative example to obtain:
Result shows, the Antler Mythic Fungus polysaccharide content that the embodiment of the present invention obtains is significantly higher than comparative example.
Claims (4)
1. a Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 35-70 part, auxiliary material 25-60 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sugared 0.1-1 part, with nutritive medium control material-water ratio be 1:1.3-1.5;
Described nutritive medium is made up of following part by weight composition:
PH is adjusted to be 6.0 with phosphate buffered saline buffer;
Described promotor adopts following methods preparation:
1) Feedstock treating: Small Centipeda Herb is clean, drying, pulverizing;
2) Steam explosion treatment: by step 1) material that obtains puts into steam explosion tank, burstpressures 3.0-3.5Mpa, and the dwell time maintains 150-200s;
3) distillation process: by step 2) material that obtains puts into distiller, bottom distiller, heating flame or pass into steam, when hot steam is filled in distiller, water vapour, by prolong, is introduced in condenser, again by water-and-oil separator, collect essential oil;
4) high-shear homogenizing machine process: by step 3) essential oil that obtains is by high-shear homogenizing machine process, and linear velocity 30-40m/s, time 3-5min, makes nano-emulsion, and obtains with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
2. a kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip 42 parts, auxiliary material 53 parts, 1 part, gypsum, sugar 1 part, with nutritive medium control material-water ratio be 1:1.3-1.5.
3. a kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wood chip derives from maple and vertebra wood.
4. a kind of Ganoderma applanatum (pers) pat substituting stuff cultivation substratum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, can be arbitrary proportion.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107567959A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 福建绿宝食品集团有限公司 | A kind of production method of Ganoderma lucidum |
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| CN107567959A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 福建绿宝食品集团有限公司 | A kind of production method of Ganoderma lucidum |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |