CN106083277A - A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106083277A CN106083277A CN201610372991.5A CN201610372991A CN106083277A CN 106083277 A CN106083277 A CN 106083277A CN 201610372991 A CN201610372991 A CN 201610372991A CN 106083277 A CN106083277 A CN 106083277A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The invention belongs to fungus growing technique field, it is specially a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof, cultivation matrix in parts by weight, including broken wood shavings 20 30 parts, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 10 20 parts, 8 20 parts of soy sauce waste residue, Shell of Water Chestnut 8 15 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 8 15 parts, Pericarpium Musae 5 15 parts, Herba Eichhorniae slag 1 10 parts, rape flower straw 15 parts and cane molasses 15 parts etc..Preparation process is (1) Feedstock treating；(2) fermentation process；(3) charging processes；(4) sterilization treatment.The formula design of the cultivation matrix of the present invention, is more suitable for Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. growth so that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the freshest ear color is scarlet, improves the overall quality of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc.；And cultivation matrix part material is agriculture, trade waste, with low cost, thus reduce production cost, provide a new process approach also to agriculture, trade waste, economic and environment-friendly；Preparation method is simple, easy to spread.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is also known as Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., and its nutritional labeling is similar to Auricularia, has the merit of lung heat clearing QI invigorating, relieving pain and activating blood circulation
Effect.Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. crude fiber content is higher, and many in the human body digestion of nutrient substance, absorption and metabolism are had very well by these celluloses
Facilitation, and containing abundant polysaccharide cancer-resisting substance in hard of hearing fine hair.Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. auricle is big, thick, quality is thick
Tough, tender and crisp good to eat, like Umbrella Rhopilema esculenta, have the laudatory title of " skin of stinging on tree ", can cold and dressed with sauce, fry, quick-fried soup, be well received by consumers.
At present with Testa Tritici, wood flour as main raw material(s) in the conventional formulation of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. substituting stuff cultivation.In recent years, along with people
More and more higher to the high Drung nationality of quality of the life, people are more and more higher to the quality requirements of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., so quality to be turned out
Higher Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., is a kind of important breakthrough catering to market, and in recent years along with the development of mushroom industry, raw material occurs
Supply falls short of demand, the situation of rapid rise of price, causes Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. production cost to increase year by year, and long-run development goes down and eat being unfavorable for
The steady sustainable development of bacterium industry.
[summary of the invention]
The goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and system thereof
Preparation Method, can not only be designed by the formula of the cultivation matrix of the present invention, it is provided that more reasonably nutritional labeling, is more suitable for hair
Auricularia grows so that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the freshest ear color is scarlet, improves the overall quality of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., reduces disease；And cultivation
Base portion raw material is agricultural, trade waste, with low cost, thus reduces production cost, also gives agricultural, trade waste
One new process approach is provided, economic and environment-friendly.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, in parts by weight, described cultivation matrix includes broken wood shavings 20-30 part, Trichoderma spp.
Anti-microbial inoculum 10-20 part, soy sauce waste residue 8-20 part, analysis for soybean powder 8-15 part, carrageenan filtering residue 8-15 part, Shell of Water Chestnut 8-15 part, distiller grains
Castaway slag 8-15 part, Pericarpium Musae 5-15 part, cocoanut fiber 3-12 part, rice husk 3-10 part, precipitated calcium carbonate 2-10 part, Herba Eichhorniae slag
1-10 part, rape flower straw 1-5 part and cane molasses 1-5 part；
The anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore
Then the seed liquor of son/mL adds the limonin of 3-5mg/mL, then is inoculated as cultivation in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Described solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6-7, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
Preferably, a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, in parts by weight, described cultivation matrix includes broken wood shavings 25 parts,
The anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 15 parts, 10 parts of soy sauce waste residue, analysis for soybean powder 10 parts, carrageenan filtering residue 10 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 10 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 10
Part, Pericarpium Musae 10 parts, cocoanut fiber 8 parts, 8 parts of rice husk, precipitated calcium carbonate 6 parts, Herba Eichhorniae slag 5 parts, rape flower straw 3 parts is with sweet
Sugarcane blackstrap 2 parts；
The anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore
Then the seed liquor of son/mL adds the limonin of 3-5mg/mL, then is inoculated as cultivation in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Described solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6-7, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
Further illustrating, described soy sauce waste residue is that the leftover bits and pieces producing soy sauce salinity after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching processes is less than 1%
Soy sauce waste residue.
Further illustrate described broken wood shavings and include the broken wood shavings of one-level and two grades of broken wood shavings；The length of the broken wood shavings of described one-level, thickness,
Wide size is 60-90 × 0.4-1.2 × 20-90mm；The length of described two grades of broken wood shavings, thickness, wide size are 3-8 × 0.1-
0.15×0.15-0.25mm。
The weight ratio further illustrating the broken wood shavings of described one-level and two grades of broken wood shavings is 5-8:1.
The preparation method of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix as above, including step in detail below:
(1) Feedstock treating: one-level, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 2-3 days under the sun；By Shell of Water Chestnut under the sun sudden and violent
After shining 3-4 days, difference flour is to 1-2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12-18h by rice husk slag；Pericarpium Musae, Herba Eichhorniae slag are pulverized respectively
Become to 1-2cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular mill stir after, obtaining particle diameter is
The solid particle of 0.4-0.8cm；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By cocoanut fiber through high temperature
Acidifying, controls pH=5-6；
(2) fermentation process: according to weight part ratio, will be through the broken wood shavings of one-level after step (1) processes, Shell of Water Chestnut, Fructus Musae
Skin, Herba Eichhorniae slag, rape flower straw, soy sauce waste residue, rice husk and cocoanut fiber, give up with carrageenan filtering residue, cane molasses, distiller grains
Waste, precipitated calcium carbonate and analysis for soybean powder mix and blend, add lime cream and water, regulates pH to 5-7, controls moisture 60-
70%, obtain fermentation material, fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. are mixed, build heap fermentation 18-28h, fermentation temperature 40-50 DEG C,
Obtain；
(3) charging processes: two grades of broken wood shavings after processing in step (1) use distilled water regulation moisture to be 50-
60%, it is then charged in culture bag, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of culture bag, the most again will step
Suddenly the fermentation material after (2) have fermented is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings, and then sealing obtains
Packed compost；
(4) sterilization treatment: by packed compost sterilizing 30-50min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepare Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
Part material of the present invention is described below:
Containing Brassica campestris L element sterol in rape flower straw is sterols hormone, belongs to a class cyclopentanoperhy drophenanthrene, and it can promote
Plant stem elongation and fissional high active substance, very low concentrations Brassica campestris L element sterol just can with induced strong growth with
Differentiation.
Distiller grains castaway slag contain dry 90.7%, thick protein 11.9%, crude fibre 24.4%, Ca0.32%,
P0.28%, total energy 3.92 thermies/kg, 1.9 thermies/kg of digestible energy, 1.15 thermies/kg of metabolizable energy.
Containing the calcium of polysaccharide sulfuric ester being made up of galactose and Anhydrogalactose., potassium, sodium, ammonium in carrageenan filtering residue
Salt.
In soy sauce waste material, the tissue containing microorganism becomes with inorganic salt etc. with metabolite, fermentation raw material (such as beans etc.)
Point.
What in Herba Eichhorniae slag, content was higher is nitrogen-free extract, crude fibre and coarse ash, potassium and calcium content in Herba Eichhorniae slag
Meansigma methods is 4.57 and 4.15mg/g, and relatively other Mineral element contents are high.
Containing monomer components such as alkaloid, phenolic acids, sterol and triterpeness in Shell of Water Chestnut, possibly together with compound of polysaccharide, example
As: arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose, lactose and 6-(.alpha.-D-galactosido)-D-glucose., wherein with glucose, gala
Sugar, mannose and xylose are main.Shell of Water Chestnut has good inhibiting effect possibly together with to staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli
Composition.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention mainly provides carbon, nitrogen with rice husk, analysis for soybean powder, broken wood shavings, Herba Eichhorniae slag, precipitated calcium carbonate for base material
Source, wherein with addition of adventitious plant Herba Eichhorniae slag, it is rich in nutrients such as a large amount of fibers, protein, trace element, organic substances
Matter, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the nutrient substance required for Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. trophophase, additionally provides the excessive multiplication to denizen and causes regionality
The solution new way of environmental problem；Rice husk provides cellulose and vitamin(e) B group, in analysis for soybean powder rich in have substantial amounts of protein,
Fat and carbohydrate, also compounded rape flower straw in cultivation matrix, it contains Brassica campestris L element sterol is sterols hormone energy
The quick merisis of strain of challenge inoculation, differentiation, thus shorten the cycle of fruiting；Pericarpium Musae Pericarpium Musae all contain the richest
Rich protein, fat, sugar and several element of K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn etc. ten, applicable Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. mycelial growth after inoculation
Prefer to absorb the demand of solable matter；In soy sauce waste material containing microorganism tissue and metabolite, fermentation raw material, also contain
There are moisture, crude protein, crude fat, reducing sugar, salinity, calcium, phosphorus, ash to grade composition, do not contain only the nutrient substance on basis, moreover it is possible to
Make full use of in the tissue of microorganism containing nutrient substance such as the sugar needed for edible fungi growth, alcohol, organic acid, soy sauce waste material is entered
The process of row desalination, it is ensured that mixed overall raw material salt content is maintained at the salt content of the growth beneficially eating mycelia
In environment, thus after shortening inoculation, mycelia covers with the cycle on cultivation matrix；The useless sugar of distiller grains castaway slag, carrageenan filtering residue and Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Honey all has substantial amounts of organic substance, increases the nutrient content of cultivation matrix, is also to provide a new place to trade waste
Reason method, and the cost of distiller grains castaway slag, carrageenan filtering residue and the cane molasses used is cumulative with the price day currently used
By contrast, not only cost is lower slightly for long raw material, and opens a new source resource path；Cocoanut fiber contains ash
0.61%, lignin 36.51%, cellulose 53.06%, pentosan 29.27%, cellulose contains pentosan 20.54%, in ash
Main constituent is potassium hydroxide, nutritious and have certain water absorption, adds cocoanut fiber and can supplement the nutrition of cultivation matrix,
And the water absorbing properties of whole cultivation matrix can be adjusted；With addition of Shell of Water Chestnut carbon nitrogen source is provided, adjust the carbon nitrogen of overall cultivation matrix
Source ratio, moreover it is possible to staphylococcus aureus and colibacillary growth and grow in Restraining culture substrate, it is provided that good is edible
The growing environment of bacterium, reduces the disease of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., many containing cellulose and lignin in the raw material added in formula, easily becomes
Matter grows Trichoderma spp., impact cultivation, causes production loss, with addition of the anti-microbial inoculum of homemade Trichoderma spp. in formula, and can be in the cultivation stage
Effectively prevent the harm that Trichoderma spp. pollutes, improve the utilization rate of cultivation matrix, in sum, the raw material that the present invention uses, phase
Auxiliary coordinate, complement auxotrophic, moreover it is possible to pre-disease prevention, start to prevent source of disease from Ji Yuan, it is ensured that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. quality, improve output capacity, and
The raw material used uses industry agricultural wastes, it is provided that the road of a new utilization of resources, economic and environment-friendly.
2, the preparation method of the present invention is simple, easily operation, easy to spread；And the present invention also by raw material cocoanut fiber through peracid
The nutrition Partial digestions such as its cellulose of the cocoanut fiber after process, hemicellulose, lignin, beneficially mycelia absorb, to mixed
The adjusted effect of pH value of the whole cultivation matrix after conjunction, is more suitable for Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；" two grades of planes are used when pack processes
Flower parcel fermentation material " mode, first, as fermentation material effect of heat-insulation layer after inoculation Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. inoculation bacterium, second, work as length
When full mycelia starts fruiting, play certain inhibition, it is possible to increase the quality of the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. of fruiting, because setting when fruiting
Put an obstruction, will the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. of fruiting under inertial force, burst out stronger vigor, from research and result of the test
Suitably increase certain obstruction to fruiting knowable in and can improve the biologos of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc..
3, study through the applicant and find to use limonin to add to cultivate and make with the slant culture of healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp.
The anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. more preferable to diseases prevention, play synergism, both ensure that prophylaxis effect, decreased again the use of chemical insecticide
Amount, and be not easily caused nuisance and develop immunity to drugs, can life-time service.
[detailed description of the invention]
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, in parts by weight, is 70 × 1.0 × 50mm's including long, thick, wide size
The broken wood shavings of one-level 22 parts, long, thick, wide size is two grades of broken wood shavings 3 parts of 4 × 0.12 × 0.2mm, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 15 parts,
Producing leftover bits and pieces salinity 10 parts of soy sauce waste residue less than 1% after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching processes of soy sauce, analysis for soybean powder 10 parts, carrageenan is filtered
Slag 10 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 10 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 10 parts, Pericarpium Musae 10 parts, cocoanut fiber 8 parts, 8 parts of rice husk, precipitated calcium carbonate 6
Part, Herba Eichhorniae slag 5 parts, rape flower straw 3 parts and cane molasses 2 parts；
Wherein, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore
Then the seed liquor of son/mL adds the limonin of 4mg/mL, then is inoculated as cultivation in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Wherein, solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6.5, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, in parts by weight, is 60 × 0.4 × 20mm's including long, thick, wide size
The broken wood shavings of one-level 16 parts, long, thick, wide size is two grades of broken wood shavings 4 parts of 3 × 0.1 × 0.15mm, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 10 parts,
Produce the leftover bits and pieces salinity 8 parts of the soy sauce waste residue less than 1%, analysis for soybean powder 8 parts, carrageenan filtering residue after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching processes of soy sauce
8 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 8 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 8 parts, Pericarpium Musae 5 parts, cocoanut fiber 3 parts, 3 parts of rice husk, precipitated calcium carbonate 2 parts, water calabash
Reed slag 1 part, rape flower straw 1 part and cane molasses 1 part；
Wherein, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore
Then the seed liquor of son/mL adds the limonin of 3mg/mL, then is inoculated as cultivation in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Wherein, solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, in parts by weight, is 90 × 1.2 × 90mm's including long, thick, wide size
The broken wood shavings of one-level 26 parts, long, thick, wide size is two grades of broken wood shavings 4 parts of 8 × 0.15 × 0.25mm, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 20 parts,
Producing leftover bits and pieces salinity 20 parts of soy sauce waste residue less than 1% after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching processes of soy sauce, analysis for soybean powder 15 parts, carrageenan is filtered
Slag 15 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 15 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 15 parts, Pericarpium Musae 15 parts, cocoanut fiber 12 parts, 10 parts of rice husk, precipitated calcium carbonate
10 parts, Herba Eichhorniae slag 10 parts, rape flower straw 5 parts and cane molasses 5 parts；
Wherein, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore
Then the seed liquor of son/mL adds the limonin of 5mg/mL, then is inoculated as cultivation in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Wherein, solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=7, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
Embodiment 4:
Following method is used to prepare, including step in detail below the raw material of embodiment 1:
(1) Feedstock treating: one-level, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun；Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun under the sun
After 3 days, difference flour is to 1.5cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 16h by rice husk slag；Pericarpium Musae, Herba Eichhorniae slag are respectively crushed into
1.5cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular mill stir after, obtaining particle diameter is 0.6cm
Solid particle；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By cocoanut fiber through high temperature acidified, control
PH=5.5；
(2) fermentation process: according to weight part ratio, will be through the broken wood shavings of one-level after step (1) processes, Shell of Water Chestnut, Fructus Musae
Skin, Herba Eichhorniae slag, rape flower straw, soy sauce waste residue, rice husk and cocoanut fiber, give up with carrageenan filtering residue, cane molasses, distiller grains
Waste, precipitated calcium carbonate and analysis for soybean powder mix and blend, add lime cream and water, regulates pH to 5, controls moisture 65%,
Obtain fermentation material, fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. are mixed, build heap fermentation 22h, fermentation temperature 45 DEG C, the most available；
(3) charging processes: by two grades of broken wood shavings use distilled water regulation moistures after middle for step (1) process be
55%, it is then charged in culture bag, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of culture bag, the most again will step
Suddenly the fermentation material after (2) have fermented is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings, and then sealing obtains
Packed compost；
(4) sterilization treatment: by packed compost sterilizing 45min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepare Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 5:
Following method is used to prepare, including step in detail below the raw material of embodiment 2:
(1) Feedstock treating: one-level, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 2 days under the sun；Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun under the sun
After 3 days, difference flour is to 1cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12h by rice husk slag；Pericarpium Musae, Herba Eichhorniae slag are respectively crushed into 1cm grain
Footpath；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular mill stir after, obtain the solid that particle diameter is 0.4cm
Grain；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By cocoanut fiber through high temperature acidified, control pH=5；
(2) fermentation process: according to weight part ratio, will be through the broken wood shavings of one-level after step (1) processes, Shell of Water Chestnut, Fructus Musae
Skin, Herba Eichhorniae slag, rape flower straw, soy sauce waste residue, rice husk and cocoanut fiber, give up with carrageenan filtering residue, cane molasses, distiller grains
Waste, precipitated calcium carbonate and analysis for soybean powder mix and blend, add lime cream and water, regulates pH to 5, controls moisture 60%,
Obtain fermentation material, fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. are mixed, build heap fermentation 18h, fermentation temperature 40 DEG C, the most available；
(3) charging processes: by two grades of broken wood shavings use distilled water regulation moistures after middle for step (1) process be
50%, it is then charged in culture bag, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of culture bag, the most again will step
Suddenly the fermentation material after (2) have fermented is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings, and then sealing obtains
Packed compost；
(4) sterilization treatment: by packed compost sterilizing 30min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepare Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 6:
Following method is used to prepare, including step in detail below the raw material of embodiment 3:
(1) Feedstock treating: one-level, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun；Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun under the sun
After 4 days, difference flour is to 2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 18h by rice husk slag；Pericarpium Musae, Herba Eichhorniae slag are respectively crushed into 2cm grain
Footpath；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular mill stir after, obtain the solid that particle diameter is 0.8cm
Grain；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By cocoanut fiber through high temperature acidified, control pH=6；
(2) fermentation process: according to weight part ratio, will be through the broken wood shavings of one-level after step (1) processes, Shell of Water Chestnut, Fructus Musae
Skin, Herba Eichhorniae slag, rape flower straw, soy sauce waste residue, rice husk and cocoanut fiber, give up with carrageenan filtering residue, cane molasses, distiller grains
Waste, precipitated calcium carbonate and analysis for soybean powder mix and blend, add lime cream and water, regulates pH to 7, controls moisture 70%,
Obtain fermentation material, fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. are mixed, build heap fermentation 28h, fermentation temperature 50 DEG C, the most available；
(3) charging processes: by two grades of broken wood shavings use distilled water regulation moistures after middle for step (1) process be
60%, it is then charged in culture bag, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of culture bag, the most again will step
Suddenly the fermentation material after (2) have fermented is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings, and then sealing obtains
Packed compost；
(4) sterilization treatment: by packed compost sterilizing 50min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepare Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
Comparative example:
Cultivation medium formula is: wood flour 78%, Testa oryzae (or rice husk) 19%, sugar 1%, Gypsum Fibrosum 1%, and phosphorus crossed by carbamide 0.5%
Acid calcium 0.5%；In being 65% according to routine mixing control moisture content, pH value is 6.5, and at 131 DEG C, sterilizing 40min, the most prepared
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix that embodiment 4-6, comparative example are prepared (wherein the specification of culture bag is: 17cm ×
33cm × 0.005cm, every formula 30 bags, if 3 times are repeated, every sacked material closes dry weight 400g) move in time after inoculation and send out a bacterium room, enter
Row wall-type solid cultivation, regulating environmental humidity is 50-70%, and temperature is less than 25 degrees Celsius, and every afternoon 4 is with rear venting 2
Hour, keeping dark condition until fruiting, after fruiting, every day keeps seeing that light rate is 50-60%, 3-5 hour every day.See after inoculation
Examine mycelium growth vigor, record mycelia purseful time, single bag of average product (the yield summation of first three tide is calculated as yield), calculation biology
Rate (biological efficiency=every bag of fresh mushroom production/every bag of siccative weight × 100%), sickness rate, it is shown in Table 1.Real to the son cultivated
Body carries out the constituent contents such as phosphorus potassium and content of beary metal measures, and is shown in Table 2；To pluck Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. carry out auricle color and other
The situation of the impact of character carries out record, is shown in Table 3.
Table 1 is to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. upgrowth situation table
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the cultivation matrix using the present invention to prepare compares comparative example, mycelium growth vigor is more vigorous, mycelia purseful
Time advance more than two weeks, single bag of average product compares increase more than 100g, and rate was compared and improve more than at least 25% biology；
Number of incidences significantly reduces.
Table 2 planting material is on the impact of element different in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. sporophore
| Project | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Comparative example |
| P (%) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| K (%) | 1.1 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 0.8 |
| Na(mg/kg) | 1321 | 1322 | 1345 | 598 |
| Ca(mg/kg) | 1147 | 1153 | 1232 | 984 |
| Mg(mg/kg) | 2011 | 2010 | 2210 | 1140 |
| Fe(mg/kg) | 117 | 118 | 123 | 102 |
| Zn(mg/kg) | 15.0 | 15.0 | 16.1 | 10.1 |
| As(mg/kg) | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Hg(mg/kg) | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Pb(mg/kg) | ＜ 0.5 | ＜ 0.5 | ＜ 0.5 | ＜ 0.5 |
| Cd(mg/kg) | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 | ＜ 0.1 |
As seen from the above table, the sporophore that the cultivation matrix using the present invention to prepare is plucked, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and manganese
Content is higher than the content of matched group；According to " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " (pollution-free food edible fungi NY/T749-
2012), fruit body of edible fungi dry product heavy metal standard: Pb ＜ 2.0mg/kg, Cd ＜ 1.0mg/kg, As ＜ 1.0mg/kg, Hg ＜
0.2mg/kg, as shown in Table 2, in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. sporophore, four heavy metal species content all meet green food standard.
Each embodiment of table 3 is to auricle color and the information slip of other character thereof
| Project | Fresh ear color | Color of the trichomes | Fine hair quantity | Ear edge form | Outside of belly rib back |
| Embodiment 4 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Embodiment 5 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Embodiment 6 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Comparative example | Bronzing | Pale yellow | Many | Wave | More |
As shown in Table 3, using cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention, the color of sporophore auricle is scarlet；In the application
It is better than comparative example at ear edge form, fine hair quantity, outside of belly rib back.
Test 2:
Experimental group: the cultivation matrix obtained in embodiment 1, the cultivation base prepared by the method for embodiment 4 will be used
Matter carries out the cultivation of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., (wherein the specification of culture bag is: 17cm × 33cm × 0.005cm, every formula 30 bags, if 3 weights
Multiple, every sacked material closes dry weight 400g) move in time after inoculation and send out a bacterium room, carry out wall-type solid cultivation, regulating environmental humidity is 50-
70%, temperature is less than 25 degrees Celsius, and every afternoon 4, with rear venting 2 hours, keeps dark condition until fruiting, after fruiting
Every day, holding was shown in that light rate is 50-60%, 3-5 hour every day.
Comparative example 1: be that the vamp not having the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. is cultivated without the Fructus Citri Limoniae of 3-5mg/mL with experimental group difference
Bitter principle；
Comparative example 2: with the limonin that experimental group difference is the vamp cultivation interpolation 2mg/mL not having the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp.；
Comparative example 3: with the limonin that experimental group difference is the vamp cultivation interpolation 6mg/mL not having the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp.；
And the preparation method of comparative example 1-3 is identical with experimental group, the method for cultivating Uricularia polytricha is the most identical,
The situation in 15 days after fruiting of cultivating Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. carries out record, pest and disease damage, mycelia purseful time, goes out
Massee fruiting bodies shape, details are shown in Table 4；
Table 4
As shown in Table 4, the limonin+healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. using 3-5mg/mL in cultivation matrix carries out the Trichoderma spp. of slant culture
Anti-microbial inoculum, compares the limonin without 3-5mg/mL or too low/too high limonin of concentration, the probability of pest and disease damage occurs
Lower, and use the limonin+healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. of 3-5mg/mL to carry out the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. of slant culture, mycelial growth is also had
Certain impact, is wanted few with the time that other pathogenic bacterias are at war with during mycelial growth, thus mycelial growth cycle
Will reduce；Growth fruiting after, the shape of sporophore in the case of disease is less, the profile of growth also relative contrast's example
Good.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the contained the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that: in parts by weight, described cultivation matrix includes broken wood shavings 20-
30 parts, Trichoderma spp. anti-microbial inoculum 10-20 part, soy sauce waste residue 8-20 part, analysis for soybean powder 8-15 part, carrageenan filtering residue 8-15 part, Shell of Water Chestnut 8-
15 parts, distiller grains castaway slag 8-15 part, Pericarpium Musae 5-15 part, cocoanut fiber 3-12 part, rice husk 3-10 part, precipitated calcium carbonate 2-10
Part, Herba Eichhorniae slag 1-10 part, rape flower straw 1-5 part and cane molasses 1-5 part；
The anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore/mL
Seed liquor then add the limonin of 3-5mg/mL, then inoculated and cultivated as in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Described solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g phosphoric acid
Hydrogen dipotassium and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6-7, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in parts by weight, described cultivation
Training substrate includes broken wood shavings 25 parts, the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 15 parts, 10 parts of soy sauce waste residue, analysis for soybean powder 10 parts, carrageenan filtering residue 10 parts, Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapae
10 parts of angle shell, distiller grains castaway slag 10 parts, Pericarpium Musae 10 parts, cocoanut fiber 8 parts, 8 parts of rice husk, precipitated calcium carbonate 6 parts, Herba Eichhorniae slag
5 parts, rape flower straw 3 parts and cane molasses 2 parts；
The anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration is 2 × 107Individual spore/mL
Seed liquor then add the limonin of 3-5mg/mL, then inoculated and cultivated as in solid fermentation cultivation matrix；
Described solid fermentation cultivation matrix is that 15g sucrose is added 0.25g ammonium sulfate, 0.03g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02g phosphoric acid
Hydrogen dipotassium and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 65%, adjusts pH=6-7, in 121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 35min.
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described soy sauce waste residue is to produce soy sauce
Leftover bits and pieces through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process after salinity less than 1% soy sauce waste residue.
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described broken wood shavings include the broken plane of one-level
Flower and two grades of broken wood shavings；The length of the broken wood shavings of described one-level, thickness, wide size are 60-90 × 0.4-1.2 × 20-90mm；Described two
The level length of broken wood shavings, thickness, wide size are 3-8 × 0.1-0.15 × 0.15-0.25mm.
A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the broken wood shavings of described one-level and two grades broken
The weight ratio of wood shavings is 5-8:1.
The preparation method of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: include in detail below
Step:
(1) Feedstock treating: one-level, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 2-3 days under the sun；Be exposed to the sun under the sun 3-by Shell of Water Chestnut
After 4 days, difference flour is to 1-2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12-18h by rice husk slag；Pericarpium Musae, Herba Eichhorniae slag are respectively crushed into
1-2cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular mill stir after, obtaining particle diameter is 0.4-
The solid particle of 0.8cm；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By cocoanut fiber through high temperature acidified,
Control pH=5-6；
(2) fermentation process: according to weight part ratio, will be through the broken wood shavings of one-level after step (1) processes, Shell of Water Chestnut, Pericarpium Musae, water
Calabash slag, rape flower straw, soy sauce waste residue, rice husk and cocoanut fiber, with carrageenan filtering residue, cane molasses, distiller grains castaway slag,
Precipitated calcium carbonate and analysis for soybean powder mix and blend, add lime cream and water, regulates pH to 5-7, controls moisture 60-70%,
Obtain fermentation material, fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. are mixed, build heap fermentation 18-28h, fermentation temperature 40-50 DEG C, the most available；
(3) charging processes: two grades of broken wood shavings after processing in step (1) use distilled water regulation moisture to be 50-60%,
It is then charged in culture bag, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of culture bag, the most again by step (2)
Fermentation material after having fermented is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings, and then sealing obtains packed
Compost；
(4) sterilization treatment: by packed compost sterilizing 30-50min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepare Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix.
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