CN106367737B - 一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法 - Google Patents

一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法 Download PDF

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CN106367737B
CN106367737B CN201610812634.6A CN201610812634A CN106367737B CN 106367737 B CN106367737 B CN 106367737B CN 201610812634 A CN201610812634 A CN 201610812634A CN 106367737 B CN106367737 B CN 106367737B
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carbon nanotube
walled carbon
pipe surface
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tube pipe
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CN106367737A (zh
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闫洪
吴庆捷
陈小会
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Jiangxi bell non ferrous metal processing Co., Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/08Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/04Pretreatment of the material to be coated

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Abstract

一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法,将硝酸铜和预处理过的多壁碳纳米管加入到乙醇溶液中,超声40~60min,其中多壁碳纳米管与硝酸铜摩尔比1:0.4~1:1;把上述多壁碳纳米管悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积25%~50%;再放入反应炉中加热,以1~5℃/s升温至180~200℃,保温1~2h,再以1~5℃/s升温至260℃后,保温8~12h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料。本发明所公开的碳纳米管涂覆制备工艺具有简单、安全、低成本易于操作和可控等优点,适用于批量生产。

Description

一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
碳纳米管是由石墨六边形网络卷曲而成的管状物,具有独特的纳米中空结构、封闭的拓扑构型及螺旋结构,从而具有大量特殊的优异性能,如高强度、高弹性、高比表面积、耐热、耐腐蚀、导热和导电性等,表明碳纳米管在材料应用研究上有巨大的应用空间。碳纳米管的模量与金刚石相同,理论强度达到了106兆帕,是钢铁的100倍,而密度仅为钢铁的1/6,同时它又兼备极优的韧性和结构稳定性,是作为复合材料增强相的理想选择。然CNT的缺陷也是显而易见。碳管由于其稳定SP2结构,表现出极差的润湿性,由于增强相与基体的界面结合情况直接影响复合材料的性能,因此改善其与基体的润湿性则十分必要。
目前碳纳米管改善润湿性方法有表面镀层等,如化学镀镍,该方法主要是将竣基化的碳纳米管经过敏化,活化后,放入化学镀液中施镀,随着反应的进行可在碳纳米管表面得到连续、均匀的镀层,但价格昂贵,并常用到有毒试剂,不环保且生产成本高,不适合大规模生产。
溶胶法也是热门研究涂覆方向,在溶液中加入有机化合物并搅拌,反应一段时间,然后加入碳纳米管,加入酸根金属化合物保持搅拌状态直至生成溶胶,将此胶体暴露在空气中老化,几天后将产物研磨成粉末干燥,最后一定温度惰性气体流中热处理一段时间得到纳米复合粒子。但量的配比难度大,反应时间过长。
在公开号CN 101966449 A,名称为:“为一种多壁碳纳米管负载二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法”中。将溶剂热及水热法结合起来,在溶剂中吸附胶体,干燥于CNT表面,水热分解其胶体,得到氧化涂覆物。然该方法步骤复杂,时间长,并且不能涂覆单质于CNT表面,具有一定局限性。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法,该方法具有简单、安全、低成本、低耗时、易于操作和可控等优点。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的。
一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法,包括以下步骤。
(1)将多壁碳纳米管在纯硝酸溶液中超声预分散6~8h,温度为60~80℃,冷却至室温后,用去离子水清洗,离心至中性,而后在真空干燥箱烘干,备用。
(2)将硝酸铜和经步骤(1)预处理的多壁碳纳米管加入到乙醇溶液中超声40~60min,得到多壁碳纳米管悬浊液,其中多壁碳纳米管与硝酸铜摩尔比1:0.4~1:1。
(3)把经步骤(2)的多壁碳纳米管悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积25%~50%。再放入反应炉中加热,以1~5℃/s升温至180~200℃,保温1~2h,再以1~5℃/s升温至260℃后,保温8~12h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料。
本发明步骤(3)所述的水热反应釜内衬为聚四氟乙烯。
本发明具有以下独特性:(1)溶液采用乙醇而不是水,参与反应本身并增大了挥发性,压强更大,对减小溶液的表面张力有益。(2)通常硝酸基金属化合物在加热条件下只能分解为氧化物,而本发明可生成铜单质。(3)该方法简单有效适用于批量生产。(4)该方法不需昂贵仪器,反应温度较低,危险系数低。
附图说明
图1为实施例3制备的多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料的显微组织图片(Electrom image)。
图2为实施例3制备的多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料的EDS分析图谱(Spectrum)。
具体实施方式
本发明将通过以下实施例作进一步说明。
实施例1。
将多壁碳纳米管在纯硝酸溶液超声预分散8h,温度为60℃,冷却至室温后,用去离子水清洗、离心至中性,而后在真空干燥箱烘干备用。以硝酸铜和上诉烘干的多壁碳纳米管作为原料,加入乙醇溶液中超声40min;其中多壁碳纳米管、硝酸铜及乙醇摩尔比为1:0.4:127,得到多壁碳纳米管悬浊液;把该悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积25%。再放入反应炉中加热,以5℃ /s升温至200℃,保温1h,再以5℃/s升温至260~300℃后,保温8h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料。
实施例2。
将多壁碳纳米管在纯硝酸溶液超声预分散8h,温度为60℃,冷却至室温后,用去离子水清洗、离心至中性,而后在真空干燥箱烘干备用。以硝酸铜和上诉烘干的多壁碳纳米管作为原料,加入乙醇溶液中超声40min;其中多壁碳纳米管、硝酸铜及乙醇摩尔比为1:0.7:127,得到多壁碳纳米管悬浊液;把该悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积30%。再放入反应炉中加热,以50℃/s升温至200℃,保温1h,再以50℃/s升温至260℃后,保温10h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜料。
实施例3。
将多壁碳纳米管在纯硝酸溶液超声预分散8h,温度为60℃,冷却至室温后,用去离子水清洗、离心至中性,而后在真空干燥箱烘干备用。以硝酸铜和上诉烘干的多壁碳纳米管作为原料,加入乙醇溶液中超声60min;其中多壁碳纳米管、硝酸铜及乙醇摩尔比为1:1:127,得到多壁碳纳米管悬浊液;把该悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积40%。再放入反应炉中加热,以5℃/s升温至200℃,保温1h,再以5℃/s升温至280℃后,保温12h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:
(1)将多壁碳纳米管在纯硝酸溶液中超声预分散6~8h,温度为60~80℃,冷却至室温后,用去离子水清洗,离心至中性,而后在真空干燥箱烘干,备用;
(2)将硝酸铜和经步骤(1)预处理的多壁碳纳米管加入到乙醇溶液中,超声40~60min,得到多壁碳纳米管悬浊液,其中多壁碳纳米管与硝酸铜摩尔比1:0.4~1:1;
(3)把经步骤(2)的多壁碳纳米管悬浊液导入水热反应釜中,其中悬浊液体积占反应釜溶积25%~50%;再放入反应炉中加热,以1~5℃/s升温至180~200℃,保温1~2h,再以1~5℃/s升温至260℃后,保温8~12h;取出,空冷,过滤烘干,得到多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多壁碳纳米管表面涂覆单质铜的方法,其特征是步骤(3)所述的水热反应釜内衬为聚四氟乙烯。
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