CN106367353A - Culture medium and tremella fuciformis strain prepared by using same - Google Patents

Culture medium and tremella fuciformis strain prepared by using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106367353A
CN106367353A CN201610728342.4A CN201610728342A CN106367353A CN 106367353 A CN106367353 A CN 106367353A CN 201610728342 A CN201610728342 A CN 201610728342A CN 106367353 A CN106367353 A CN 106367353A
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tremella
wood flour
culture
days
culture matrix
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肖奎
顾世
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Sichuan Province's Science And Technology LLC
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Sichuan Province's Science And Technology LLC
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation and especially relates to a culture medium and a tremella fuciformis strain prepared by using the same. The culture medium includes wood chips, bran, cottonseed hull, rice bran, gypsum, protein powder, monopotassium phosphate, and magnesium sulfate. In the tremella fuciformis strain prepared on the culture medium, distribution of mycelia in the tremella fuciformis is uniform and a proper ratio of the mycelia to companion fungus is achieved. With the mycelia as a cultivar species in production, after inoculation, fungus growth rate is significantly increased (p < 0.05), cavity in a fungus wood rod is reduced, bio-conversion rate of the fungus wood rod is increased and incoming of farmers is increased.

Description

A kind of Tremella strain of culture medium and its preparation
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, the Tremella strain of more particularly, to a kind of culture medium and its preparation.
Background technology
Tremella (tremellafuciformis) is under the jurisdiction of Eumycota (eumycota), Basidiomycetess in classification (basidiomycetes), Tremellales (tremellales), Tremellaceae (termelaceae), Tremella (tremell), in genus Warm, aerobic funguses, are distributed mainly on subtropical zones, are also distributed in the torrid zone, temperate zone and frigid zone.Tremella produces cultivation with great majority Edible fungi species is different, and it is that association funguses work in coordination with the Typical Representative completing its life cycle, and completing of its life cycle is too busy to get away fragrant The synergism of grey bacterium.
China is Tremella big producing country, in recent years, responds the market demand, the cultivated area of Tremella is greatly improved, in order to carry High efficiency, the quality of cultivating white fungus kind is of increased attention.
Strain produces from the beginning of parent species, and after original seed spreads cultivation and observes ear form, the excellent switching of growth selection is expanded Training becomes cultigen, and after cultivating after a while, what selection traits were excellent becomes finished product cultigen.The screening of parent species needs specially The requirement to technology for the preparation of the instrument and equipment of industry, original seed and cultigen is higher, general Planting household strain commercially It is cultigen.For the producing method for seed of cultigen, it is special that the production of hybrid seeds of current cultivating white fungus kind is had no compared with other edible fungi Method.Culture medium is compacted and reserves at center the hole that switching original seed needs during the production of hybrid seeds.Culture medium aseptic bar after sterilizing Access original seed under part, cultigen can be obtained through culture after a while.The producing method for seed of above-mentioned cultigen is convenient and easy, Widely use in the preparation of edible mushroom cultivated species.But such method for need to work in coordination with the Tremella completing life cycle with concomitance bacterium and Speech, but has certain defect.
The growth expanded range of Tremella mycelia can only stretch out 2cm to connecing midpoint, its concomitance bacterium (incense ashes bacterium) Mycelial growth scope can spread all over whole bacterium bag, and usual bacterium bag is a diameter of after strutting is not less than 8cm;Which results in bacterium bag Deep side only grown the mycelia of concomitance bacterium, does not but grow Tremella mycelia.The inoculation of Tremella generally adopts two kinds Method is carried out, and one kind is to break block inoculation, and Planting household, often because distinguishing Tremella mycelia and incense ashes mycelia well, makes inoculation in the hole Only incense ashes mycelia does not have Tremella mycelia, cavitation;One kind is carefully to pass through a shape afterwards by cultigen is mixed completely Instrument like funnel opens cultivation, and this method easily causes mycelia damage, so that cultigen activity is reduced, easily inoculation hole simultaneously The phenomenon of interior simply minimal amount of Tremella mycelia.
It can be seen that, carry out planting out ear rate using presently commercially available cultigen and reduce many by expected for ratio, both waste life Produce material, failed to live up to the effort of Planting household again, reduced the production efficiency of Tremella.Even Planting household will appreciate that Tremella Biological property, cultigen can be distinguished and whether containing Tremella mycelia and in the course of cultivation give up to fall the portion containing only incense ashes bacterium Point, this also result in the waste in resource, increased cost.
Therefore, should further improve the production of hybrid seeds technique of Tremella strain, to improve Tremella go out ear rate and yield.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the Tremella strain of a kind of culture medium and its preparation. Rationally, Tremella preferably grows the nutrient media components that the present invention provides, and gained Tremella strain ensure that out ear rate thus improving Yield.
The culture matrix that the present invention provides includes wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, egg albumen powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate And magnesium sulfate.
In the culture matrix that the present invention provides, wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the mass ratio of egg albumen powder are (50 ~70): (20~30): (5~15): (3~7): (0.5~2): (0.5~2).
In some embodiments, wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the mass ratio of egg albumen powder are 60:23:10:5:1: 1.
In some embodiments, wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the mass ratio of egg albumen powder are 50:20:15:7: 0.5:2.
In some embodiments, wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the mass ratio of egg albumen powder are 70:30:5:3:2: 0.5.
In the culture matrix that the present invention provides, the quality of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, The 2 ‰ of egg albumen powder quality sum;
The quality of magnesium sulfate be wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the 0.5 ‰ of egg albumen powder quality sum.
The present invention is mixed wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, egg albumen powder as dry, then adds phosphorus Acid dihydride potassium and magnesium sulfate.Experiment shows, prepares strain with such culture medium, Tremella mycelium germination material feeding can be made fast, bacterium The pure white stalwartness of silk, thus improve ear rate, shortening ear rod and sending out the bacterium time.
Wherein, wood flour is Qinggang wood flour, and particle diameter is less than 10 mesh.Less than 10 mesh, particle diameter means that wood flour can be lower than 10 mesh, I.e. more in small, broken bits.Experiment shows, with respect to the wood flour of particle diameter 20 mesh, 5 mesh, the wood flour of particle diameter 10 mesh is used for cultivating Tremella strain and glues Knot power is higher, and mycelial growth is more healthy and stronger.
Egg albumen powder provides more rich nutrition for the growth of Tremella, and egg albumen powder can be lactalbumin powder, yeast powder, Semen sojae atricolor Egg albumen powder or insect albumen powder;In the embodiment of the present invention, egg albumen powder is insect albumen powder.
Wheat bran is the outermost epidermis of Semen Tritici aestivi, and main nutrient composition includes cellulose, albumen, vitamin etc.;Cotton seed hullss Claim cotton skin, be the shell of Semen Gossypii, main nutrient composition includes crude fibre, protein;Testa oryzae also referred to as washes Testa oryzae, mainly includes Oryza glutinosa Peel, plant skin, perisperm, aleurone and embryo, nutritional labeling includes: protein, crude fibre and fat.The present invention adopts bran Skin, cotton seed hullss and Testa oryzae and wood flour, Gypsum Fibrosum compound.Wherein, cotton seed hullss are thin shell.The main chemical compositions of Gypsum Fibrosum are calcium sulfate (caso4) hydrate, the ph value of culture matrix is adjusted to 5.5~6.5 by present invention Gypsum Fibrosum.
Application in preparing Tremella strain for the culture matrix that the present invention provides.
The Tremella strain culture matrix provided by the present invention that the present invention provides is obtained, and in gained strain, mycelia is pure white, strong Strong, using this strain as cultigen, it is possible to increase go out ear rate, shorten ear rod and send out the bacterium time.And then improve Tremella yield.
Present invention also offers a kind of Tremella strain, after inoculation original seed in the culture matrix that the present invention provides, through culture It is obtained.
The Tremella strain that the present invention provides adopts specific shape and size, and its size is less than the growth model of Tremella mycelia Enclose, ensure that the super distributed of Tremella mycelia, realize sufficiently growing diffusingsurface.After cultivating finished product, inoculate (going out ear) bacterium bag When one inoculation hole with one, on each strain, the ratio of Tremella mycelia and incense ashes mycelia all accomplishes standard, specification, consistent. The present invention provide Tremella strain be shaped as cylinder, vertebral body, terrace with edge or truncated cone-shaped.In embodiments of the present invention, the present invention carries For Tremella strain be shaped as truncated cone-shaped, a height of 30mm of truncated cone-shaped;Two basal diameter are respectively 18mm, 16mm.
After inoculation original seed, the time of culture is 21 days;Wherein, cultivation temperature is 24 DEG C~26 DEG C within 1 day~10 days;11 days~ Cultivation temperature is 20 DEG C~22 DEG C within 21 days.
Culture matrix is 25:1 with the mass ratio of original seed.
After culture 21 days, if directly do not used, can be in 10 DEG C~12 DEG C preservations.The preservation time is within 30 days.
Hole rate can be reduced through the Tremella bacterium that the present invention provides, improve yield, and the regularity ear and big can be improved Little homogeneity, makes the Tremella of plantation have higher commodity value.
Present invention also offers a kind of cultural method of Tremella, the Tremella strain through the present invention for the inoculation.
The indoor cultivation method for Ganoderma of the Tremella that the present invention provides includes: the Tremella strain of the present invention is inoculated in grog or culture Base, cultivates 50 days;The condition of described culture is 22 DEG C, and humidity is 70%, daily ventilation 3 times, 30 minutes every time.
Preferably, culture used cotton cloth moisturizing after 20 days, sprayed water 3~5 times daily.
Described grog be through lime water soak the high 10cm of section, electric drill punching short section, autoclaved grog.
The outdoor planting method of the Tremella that the present invention provides includes: at the beginning of 3 months~at the beginning of 4 months, the Tremella strain of the present invention is inoculated In Qinggang tree Duan Mu, cultivate and start ear at the beginning of by the end of May~6 months, terminate until by the end of September.
The preparation method of described Qinggang tree Duan Mu is: felling Qing Gangshu, and dry in the sun is cut into 1 meter of Duan Mu after 15 days~25 days, 2~3 centimetres of boring is deep.
After the time of described felling is the Spring Festival, described dry in the sun is to the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term).
The invention provides the Tremella strain of a kind of culture medium and its preparation, culture medium that the present invention provides include wood flour, Wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, egg albumen powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate.Silver in the Tremella strain being obtained with this culture medium The mycelia of ear is evenly distributed, suitable with the ratio of concomitance bacterium, using its cultigen as in produce, can significantly improve out after inoculation Ear rate (p < 0.05), reduces the phenomenon in ear rod hole, improves the biological transformation ratio of ear rod, increase the income of Planting household.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides the Tremella strain of a kind of culture medium and its preparation, those skilled in the art can use for reference interior herein Hold, be suitably modified technological parameter and realize.Specifically, all similar replacements and change are to those skilled in the art For be it will be apparent that they are considered as including in the present invention.Preferable enforcement has been passed through in the method for the present invention and application Example is described, and related personnel substantially can be to methods herein and application in without departing from present invention, spirit and scope It is modified or suitably changes and combine, to realize and to apply the technology of the present invention.
The examination material of present invention employing, reagent, instrument are all common commercially available product, all can buy in market.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention be expanded on further:
Embodiment 1~3
With table 1 formula preparation culture matrix:
Table 1 culture matrix formula
Wood flour Wheat bran Cotton seed hullss Testa oryzae Gypsum Fibrosum Egg albumen powder Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Magnesium sulfate
Embodiment 1 60kg 23kg 10kg 5kg 1kg 1kg 0.2kg 0.05kg
Embodiment 2 50kg 20kg 15kg 7kg 0.5kg 2kg 0.19kg 0.047kg
Embodiment 3 70kg 30kg 5kg 3kg 2kg 0.5kg 0.22kg 0.055kg
Qinggang wood flour is pulverized, and crosses 10 mesh sieves.According to formula by Qinggang wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, insecticide egg White lead, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate mix, 123 DEG C, and sterilize 150min, prepared culture matrix.
Culture matrix makes a height of 30mm;Two basal diameter are respectively the truncated cone-shaped of 18mm, 16mm, the culture medium after sterilizing Matter, cooling is followed by original seed, and original seed is 1:25 with the mass ratio of culture matrix, is cultivated after inoculation:
1~10 day: 24~26 DEG C, meet incense ashes bacterium fast-growth and be covered with culture medium;
11~21 days: 20~22 DEG C, meet the optimum growth temp of Tremella mycelia;
After culture 21 days, preferably directly use, otherwise in 10~12 DEG C of preservations, the longest can preservation 30 days.
Comparative example 1~3
With table 2 formula preparation culture matrix:
Table 2 culture matrix formula
Wood flour Wheat bran Cotton seed hullss Testa oryzae Gypsum Fibrosum Egg albumen powder Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Magnesium sulfate
Comparative example 1 60kg (5 mesh) 23kg 10kg 5kg 1kg 1kg 0.2kg 0.05kg
Comparative example 2 60kg (20 mesh) 23kg 10kg 5kg 1kg 1kg 0.2kg 0.05kg
Comparative example 3 60kg (10 mesh) 23kg 10kg 5kg 1kg -- 0.2kg 0.05kg
Qinggang wood flour is pulverized, and egg albumen powder is insect albumen powder.According to formula, each component is mixed, 123 DEG C, sterilizing 150min, prepared culture matrix.
Culture matrix makes a height of 30mm;Two basal diameter are respectively the truncated cone-shaped of 18mm, 16mm, the culture medium after sterilizing Matter, cooling is followed by original seed, and original seed is 1:25 with the mass ratio of culture matrix, is cultivated after inoculation:
1~10 day: 24~26 DEG C, meet incense ashes bacterium fast-growth and be covered with culture medium;
11~21 days: 20~22 DEG C, meet the optimum growth temp of Tremella mycelia;
After culture 21 days, preferably directly use, otherwise in 10~12 DEG C of preservations, the longest can preservation 30 days.
Embodiment 4 indoor test goes out ear rate
Mainly so that Qinggang Duan Mu is truncated to size preferably, by autoclaving, both remained the effective of Qinggang Duan Mu Composition, simulation nature growth;Shorten the growth cycle that Duan Mu goes out ear again, the development effectiveness to checking new varieties and new technology, There is fast and effectively feature.With soak through lime water the high 10cm of section, electric drill punching short section, autoclaved grog, I.e. short section grog goes out ear rate test carrier for Tremella.
The cultigen of embodiment 1~3 preparation is experimental subject, accesses in the inoculation hole of short section grog, is gone out with observed and recorded Ear rate, and the indoor test of Tremella character.
The cultigen of comparative example 1~3 preparation is positive control, accesses in the inoculation hole of short section grog, is gone out with observed and recorded Ear rate, and the indoor test of Tremella character.
After purchase, undressed cultigen is positive control, accesses the inoculation hole of short section grog in the way of breaking block inoculation In, ear rate, and the indoor test of Tremella character are gone out with observed and recorded.
Each of the above processes 3 and repeats (i.e. 3 bag cultivating kind), 20 short section grogs of every bag of dibbling.Hot-house culture condition is 22 DEG C of constant temperature, humidity is 70%, daily ventilation 3 times, 30 minutes every time.The plastic bag mouth of grog short section was beaten after 20 days by culture Open, cover bag mouth moisturizing with cotton sand cloth, water 3-5 time daily.From cultivating 30 days and 30 days, every 5 days observed and recordeds go out ear, pollution Situation, and pluck fresh ear and be weighed into culture and dry for 50 days and survey yield, and by the growth indexes of relative analyses different disposal Tremella Improve ability and the growing state in short section grog ear rate to assess it.Result such as table 3:
Table 3 Tremella go out ear situation
Go out ear rate Pollution rate Hole rate Yield adds up to (g)
Embodiment 1 99% 3% 1% 35.21
Embodiment 2 92% 7% 5% 30.22
Embodiment 3 90% 3% 7% 29.56
Comparative example 1 73% 5% 23% 19.45
Comparative example 2 89% 5% 11% 27.01
Comparative example 3 90% 10% 5% 30.77
In table, yield adds up to is to repeat, by 3, the data result that × 20 short section grogs draw, in terms of dry product, and deducts dirty Dye number.Go out ear and refer to that inoculation hole goes out ear;Pollution refers to the pollution of whole short section;Hole refers to inoculation hole normal growth, but does not go out Ear (is not belonging to hole because what pollution caused out ear)., go out ear rate and hole rate phase conflict, and be less than or equal to 100%, pollution rate Neither conflict with the two, three's sum is more than or equal to 100%.As shown in Table 3, the strain being provided using the present invention, can be notable Improve and ear rate, (p < 0.05), and then improve yield, increase the income of Planting household.
Embodiment 5 outdoor tests out ear rate
The outdoor test of ear rate is gone out with the Duan Muwei of Tongjiang section wood Tremella main producing region Chen He township felling.
With the cultigen of the cultigen of embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 1~3 as experimental subject, in Chen He township according to local agriculture Thing arranges, and cuts down Qing Gangshu, dry in the sun 20 days about after the Spring Festival, is cut into 1 meter of uniform segment wood when solar term in the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term).Transport production back to produce Deep inside boring 2-3 behind ground, to be seeded after send out bacterium 40-60 days, determined according to weather conditions then, by the end of May June be initially entered in advance Ready go out ear ear hall in carry out ear management;Sprayed water insect protected according to Tremella upgrowth situation in good time.Mid or late September, count Ear situation.Each of the above processes 3 and repeats (i.e. 3 bag cultivating kind), 100 jin of ear rods of every bag of dibbling.Result such as table 4:
Table 4 Tremella go out ear situation
Bacterium time (d) sent out by ear rod Go out ear rate Hole rate The ratio of first-grade products Yield adds up to (g)
Embodiment 1 51 99% 1% 92% 753
Embodiment 2 57 93% 6% 90% 642
Embodiment 3 62 90% 9% 90% 600
Comparative example 1 65 80% 10% 70% 492
Comparative example 2 55 87% 10% 80% 543
Comparative example 3 68 85% 4% 82% 556
In table, yield adds up to is to repeat, by 3, the data result that × 20 short section grogs draw, in terms of dry product.Can by table 4 Know that the strain providing using the present invention can significantly improve out ear rate, (p < 0.05), reduce the phenomenon in ear rod hole, improve ear The biological transformation ratio of rod, increases the income of Planting household.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that coming for those skilled in the art Say, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of culture matrix is it is characterised in that include wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, egg albumen powder, biphosphate Potassium and magnesium sulfate.
2. culture matrix according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, The mass ratio of egg albumen powder is (50~70): (20~30): (5~15): (3~7): (0.5~2): (0.5~2).
3. culture matrix according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described potassium dihydrogen phosphate quality be wood flour, wheat bran, Cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the 2 ‰ of egg albumen powder quality sum;
The quality of described magnesium sulfate be wood flour, wheat bran, cotton seed hullss, Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum, the 0.5 ‰ of egg albumen powder quality sum.
4. it is characterised in that described wood flour is Qinggang wood flour, particle diameter is less than 10 mesh to culture matrix according to claim 1.
5. culture matrix according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that its ph value is 5.5~6.5.
6. application in preparing Tremella strain for the culture matrix described in any one of Claims 1 to 5.
7. after a kind of Tremella strain is it is characterised in that inoculate original seed in culture matrix described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, warp Culture is obtained.
8. Tremella strain according to claim 7 it is characterised in that its be truncated cone-shaped, a height of 30mm of described truncated cone-shaped; Two basal diameter are respectively 18mm, 16mm.
9. Tremella strain according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that the time of described culture is 21 days;Wherein, 1 day~ Cultivation temperature is 24 DEG C~26 DEG C within 10 days;Cultivation temperature is 20 DEG C~22 DEG C within 11 days~21 days.
10. a kind of cultural method of Tremella is it is characterised in that inoculate the Tremella strain described in any one of claim 7~9.
CN201610728342.4A 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 Culture medium and tremella fuciformis strain prepared by using same Pending CN106367353A (en)

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CN106722860A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 湖北金悦农产品开发有限公司 A kind of Ipomoea batatas fern root crystal vermicelli and preparation method thereof
CN110235694A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-17 昆明旭日丰华农业科技有限公司 A kind of tremella cultivation technique
CN112840946A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 Golden fungus culture medium and method for culturing golden fungus by using same

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CN101580804A (en) * 2008-05-12 2009-11-18 黄刚 Preparation method for nourishment for white fungus
CN103355094A (en) * 2013-07-10 2013-10-23 重庆市中药研究院 Method of cultivating tremella by utilizing mulberry twig
CN104641940A (en) * 2015-03-10 2015-05-27 四川天科生态农业有限公司 Novel method for annually planting white fungus in factory

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106722860A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-31 湖北金悦农产品开发有限公司 A kind of Ipomoea batatas fern root crystal vermicelli and preparation method thereof
CN110235694A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-17 昆明旭日丰华农业科技有限公司 A kind of tremella cultivation technique
CN112840946A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 Golden fungus culture medium and method for culturing golden fungus by using same

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