CN106358869A - Method for preventing longicorn stem borers of camellia oleifera abel forest - Google Patents
Method for preventing longicorn stem borers of camellia oleifera abel forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358869A CN106358869A CN201610834022.7A CN201610834022A CN106358869A CN 106358869 A CN106358869 A CN 106358869A CN 201610834022 A CN201610834022 A CN 201610834022A CN 106358869 A CN106358869 A CN 106358869A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing longicorn stem borers of a camellia oleifera abel forest. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out prevention in an egg stage, a larval phase and a pupal stage of larvae or adults wintering in host plant roots and stems or in suffered trunks, and during the time from December to January of next year when fertilizers are applied to the wintering period; adding nicotine or an organic compound fertilizer accommodating nicotine complexing agent components into a base fertilizer or an additional fertilizer of camellia oleifera abel; directly applying the base fertilizer into a planting hole; directly applying the additional fertilizer to the periphery of a tree body in a manner of spreading, and digging up soils to cover the fertilizer. The method is simple, goal-oriented, strong in operability, environment-friendly, effective and practical, can effectively and directly carry out prevention in the occurrence period of the longicorn stem borers, prevents the stem borers from damaging the trunks and the stems of the camellia oleifera abel forest, reduces the risk of insect damage occurrence to a certain degree, effectively restrains the risks of yield declining and quality deterioration caused by insect damage, guarantees the health, yield and quality of the camellia oleifera abel forest and has good economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, specifically one kind is according to pests occurence rule
Add the harm that the Term Fertilization method containing nicotine composition carrys out pre- mothproof dry worm in base manure or in topdressing, belong to Epidemic Disease of Forest and prevent
The technical field controlled.
Background technology
Oil tea (camellia oleiferaAbel. it is) China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, be also Guangxi main
The traditional characteristicses economic forest wanted.In recent years, under national, municipal policy support, particularly " national camellia oleiferaindustry development rule
Draw (2009-2020) ", the issuing and implementation of " Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region camellia oleiferaindustry development plan (2010-2020) ", oil
The developing steps of tea industry are constantly accelerated.As one of big main producing region of oil tea three, existing camellia oleifera lam area is ten thousand about more than 600 in Guangxi
Mu, but the continuous expansion with oil tea cultivated area and scale, due to not in place, the oil tea disease pest of management level and management intensity
The generation of evil is also on the rise with harm, is wherein particularly acute with eating into dry insect pest.On the one hand due to this kind of insect pest larval phase many
In branch or base portion is caused harm, it is difficult to find occur having eaten into into xylem more than withered larva when waiting hazard symptoms, prevent and treat more tired
Difficult；On the other hand declined to a great extent by the standing forest yield of this kind of Pests Damage, and have a strong impact on the yield and quality of oil tea.
My area eats into based on dry the worm mostly stem borer of coleoptera, longicorn beetle, chreonoma atritarsis, wherein with stem borer and black instep
Anoplophorae seu Aprionae is particularly acute eye.This kind of insect pest mainly eats into evil branch with larva, and the mode that mainly causes harm both can cause swelling, cortex ring
Split, Growth status are obstructed, in addition withered；Can also be broken by the teeth host's trunk bark layer by adult, in insertion tube for laying eggs spawning, larva
Eat into after hatching into main root, butt and moth butt portion, form burrow, lead to aggrieved plant weak, exhausted and dead.Based on this, this
Bright is a kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, and only oil tea science is not managed and protected operation aspect and provided important technology
Means, are also the useful supplement of oil tea prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control research；And lay the foundation for camellia oleiferaindustry health, coordinated development.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the dry insect pest of prevention camellia oleifera lam moth, provides a kind of prevention for camellia oleiferaindustry health, coordinated development
The method that camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, is to be shifted to an earlier date according to pests occurence rule to add nicotine in base manure or in topdressing or contain nicotine
The Term Fertilization method of complexing agent effective ingredient, prevention oil tea eats into the harm of dry worm, and it is simple to operate effectively.
The present invention is with following technical scheme solution above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, adds nicotine or multiple containing nicotine in the base manure of oil tea or in topdressing
The mixed organic fertilizer of mixture composition, operating procedure is as follows:
1) prevent the time: according to the pests occurrence rule of insect pest, with larva or adult in host's main root root root and stem of certain plants or in killed branch
Ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time and the Wintering Period survived the winter, or the December applied fertilizer before the afforestation previous moon and the plant spring tip sprout is extremely
Carry out between January；
2) special fertilizer is prepared: base manure proportioning is: nicotine or nicotine complexing agent are 5:1 ~ 8:1 with calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio, life in 5 years
Following young growth and the proportioning of topdressing grown into forest for more than 5 years are: nicotine or nicotine complexing agent are respectively 3:1 in mass ratio with complex fertilizer
~ 4:1 and 4:1 ~ 6:1；Nicotine is mixed homogeneously by compound method with the calcium magnesium phosphate of proportioning or complex fertilizer, sieves；
3) application process: it is directly to apply base manure in kind of plant hole that base manure prevents the method that camellia oleifera lam eats into dry worm；Topdress pre- grease proofing
The method that tea woods eats into dry worm is directly to be applied to topdressing around tree body and dig soil to cover fertilizer in the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields.
Further, described nicotine complexing agent be biochemical product nicotine or the Nicotiana tabacum L. containing nicotine composition by fermentation,
Offal material with the chitin of arbitrary proportion, chitinase, protease, phytase nicotine complexing agent.
Further, described base manure nutrient content require be: n=3 ~ 5%, p2o5=10~15%、k2O=8 ~ 10%, topdress nutrient
Content requirement is: n=15 ~ 18%, p2o5=6~9%、k2O=8 ~ 13%, the nicotine complexing agent composition of interpolation or direct add contain cigarette
In the complex fertilizer of alkali complexing agent, Organic manure content reaches more than 50%, and is in faintly acid.
The technological merit of the present invention and beneficial effect have:
1st, this method prevents the selection in season, and the main December selecting before the afforestation previous moon or the plant spring tip sprout is to January
Carry out, on the one hand can improve the resistance of tree body to a certain extent, on the other hand because of this section of time adult Wintering Period also not
Terminate, play the effect preventing and treating in advance.
2nd, this method adds nicotine or nicotine complexing agent in complex fertilizer, to ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time and Wintering Period
The ovum of insect, worm, pupa all can effectively, be directed to oil tea and eat into generation period of dry worm Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class prevented and treated, pre- mothproof dry
The harm to camellia oleifera lam trunk, butt for the worm, reduces the risk that insect pest occurs, and ensure that health, yield and the product of camellia oleifera lam
Matter.
3rd, contain chitin, chitinase, protease, phytase in the complexing agent of this method, Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class ovum phase, children can be decomposed
Worm phase, the protein in pupa time and carapace, effectively from the ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time kill insect growth, improve tea oil tree simultaneously
Growing environment, improves the absorption of the growing nutrient composition of tea oil tree it is ensured that the healthy growth of camellia oleifera lam, improves the yield of camellia oleifera fruit
And quality.
4th, this method is simple, with clearly defined objective, workable, and environmental protection is effectively, practical, the product that effectively containment causes because of insect pest
Amount and quality reduce risk, are camellia oleiferaindustry health, important theoretical basiss are established in coordinated development, are that oil tea science manages and protects operation
Aspect provides important technological means, is also the useful supplement of oil tea prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control research, has preferable economic benefit, society
Can benefit and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
Below the concrete operation step of breeding method of the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, operating procedure is as follows:
1st, understand the pests occurrence rule of insect pest
Before taking effective preventive measure, understand this kind of occurrence characteristic eating into dry worm and damage habit first, know this kind of moth
The ovum phase of dry worm, larval phase, pupa time and Wintering Period.Due to the larva of this kind of insect pest or adult in host's main root root root and stem of certain plants or
Survive the winter in killed branch, therefore typically will select to carry out corresponding preventive measure before Wintering Period terminates.Can be special according to occurring
Point and damage habit, determine the prevention cycle, hold optimal prevention period and are prevented and treated.
2nd, special fertilizer configuration
Main interpolation in base manure or in topdressing contains with the nicotine of arbitrary proportion or nicotine, chitin, chitinase, protease, plant
The specific fertilizer that the nicotine complexing agent composition of sour enzyme composition is made.Wherein base manure or topdress should according to Forest Soil Fertility situation or
Growth of Camellia oleifera phase and Phenological Characteristics select corresponding fertilizer, wherein: the nutrient content that base manure requires is n=3 ~ 5%, p2o5=10~
15%、k2O=8 ~ 10%, the nutrient content of requirement of topdressing is n=15 ~ 18%, p2o5=6~9%、k2O=8 ~ 13%, nicotine complexing agent composition
Interpolation mainly to select the Nicotiana tabacum L. containing nicotine composition fermenting, cabo be added material or directly select containing nicotine composition
Mixed organic manure.Wherein in complex fertilizer, Organic manure content reaches more than 50%, faintly acid.
3rd, Term Fertilization.Concrete operations are as follows:
1. prevent Season select.It is typically chosen in and carry out between December last year to the January before the spring tip is sprouted, on the one hand can be certain
The resistance of tree body is improved on degree；On the other hand because this section of time adult Wintering Period does not also terminate, play the work preventing ahead of time
With.
2. applicating ratio.The main allocation ratio selecting fertilizer according to the age of stand, tree body size.Nicotine or nicotine in base manure
Complexing agent and calcium magnesium phosphate are 5:1 ~ 8:1,5 years following young growths of life and middle nicotine or the nicotine of topdressing that grows into forest for more than 5 years in mass ratio
Complexing agent and complex fertilizer are respectively 3:1 ~ 4:1 and 4:1 ~ 6:1 in mass ratio.
3. fertilising quantity.According to 2. applicating ratio in step 3 and big according to reproducing area soil fertility, the age of stand, tree body
Little selecting fertilizer quantity.Typically every plant of new plantation base manure applies 4.75 ~ 9 jin, and (nicotine is combined wherein to contain nicotine or nicotine complexing agent
Nicotiana tabacum L. or cabo 3-6 part in agent, 1 ~ 3 part of chitin, 0.001 ~ 0.012 part of chitinase, proteinase-10 .010 ~ 0.025 part, plant
0.010 ~ 0.050 part of sour enzyme) 4 ~ 8 jins, 0.75 ~ 1 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate；3 ~ 5 jin in the following every plant of spraying fertilizer of young growth of life in 5 years, wherein
Nicotine or 2.5 ~ 4 jin of nicotine complexing agent, 0.5 ~ 1 jin of complex fertilizer；Grow into forest 6 ~ 8 jin of every plant of spraying fertilizer for more than 5 years, wherein nicotine or
5 ~ 6 jin of nicotine complexing agent, 1 ~ 2 jin of complex fertilizer.
4. application process.Nicotine by base manure or in topdressing or nicotine complexing agent are with calcium phosphorus magnesium, complex fertilizer by step 3
2. applicating ratio mixes, and base manure directly applies in kind of plant hole, and topdress the soil being directly applied to around tree body in the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields
Earth surface simultaneously digs soil and covers fertilizer, is beneficial to and has killing and preventive and therapeutic effect to the worm's ovum survived the winter in soil and the root root and stem of certain plants.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, in 2016, in fiber crops unit of Gao Ji township of San Jiang county village to this piece oil tea
Woods has carried out controlling experiment.Specific operation is: 3 years this forest land oil tea age of stands, and varieties of plant is oil tea Cen soft series clone,
Seeding row spacing is 2m*3m, 5 mu of cultivated area.First pass through setting sample ground regular inquiry, understand pests occurence rule and harm journey
Degree, further investigation reveals that the oil tea in this forest land 9% suffers from that the moth eating into dry worm is dry to cause harm, and cortex ring crack, trunk infusion Water Transportation
It is obstructed, exhausted phenomenon in tree body serious individually.According to the Harm in this forest land, select to sprout in spring in January, 2016 tip
Front and insect pest is survived the winter also unclosed this period, determines applying in conjunction with the soil fertility in this forest land, the age of stand, tree body size
Topdress (n=15%, p that 1 jin of complex fertilizer is mixed with 4 jin of nicotine2o5=7%、k2O=8%, the content of organic matter reaches 50%).To mix
The good soil surface being directly applied to around tree body in the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields that topdresses, and dig soil fertilizer is covered.2016 5
Month, this piece forest land is carried out eat into dry worm hazard ratio investigation discovery, this forest land hazard ratio is reduced to 0.6%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, in 2015, produces mouth in Liang Kou township of San Jiang county and collects to this piece oil tea
Woods has carried out controlling experiment.Specific operation is: 10 years this forest land oil tea age of stands, and seeding row spacing is 2m*3m, 10 mu of area.First
By the on-site inspection to this base, grasp pests occurence rule and the basic extent of injury, further investigation reveals that the oil in this forest land 15%
Tea suffers from that the moth eating into dry worm is dry to cause harm, and has the frass wood flour of a pile faint yellow sawdust shape in tree body root position, individually seriously
Tree body occur in that obvious burrow.According to the Harm in this forest land, select before the spring in December, 2015, the tip is sprouted and insect pest
Survive the winter also unclosed this period, determine applying complex fertilizer in conjunction with the soil fertility in this forest land, the age of stand, tree body size
2 jin, containing fermenting the Nicotiana tabacum L. containing nicotine composition and 3 parts of cabo, 1 part of chitin, 0.010 part of chitinase, protease
0.010 part, 6 jin of the nicotine complexing agent of 0.020 part of composition of phytase.By (n=16%, the p of topdressing mixing2o5=9%、k2O=9%,
The content of organic matter reaches 55%) in the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, directly it is applied to soil surface around tree body, and dig soil fertilizer is covered
Lid.In June, 2016, this piece forest land is carried out eat into dry worm hazard ratio investigation discovery, this forest land hazard ratio is reduced to 2%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, in 2015, in Guangxi forest-science academy oil tea pilot forest to this piece oil
Tea woods has carried out controlling experiment.Specific operation is: 7 years this forest land oil tea age of stands, and seeding row spacing is 2m*3m, 6 mu of area.First
Investigate pests occurence rule and the basic extent of injury, further investigation reveals that the oil tea in this forest land 6% suffers from that the moth eating into dry worm is dry to be
, slight moth and does harm, branch is impaired in evil.According to the Harm in this forest land, select 2 month early spring in 2015 and insect pest
Survive the winter also unclosed this period, apply compound in conjunction with determining according to the soil fertility in this forest land, the age of stand, tree body size
2 jin of fertilizer, forms containing 5 parts of nicotine, 2 parts of chitin, 0.012 part of chitinase, proteinase-10 .025 part, 0.010 part of phytase
6 jin of nicotine complexing agent, by the fertilizer mixing (n=15%, p2o5=6%、k2O=8%, the content of organic matter reaches 50%) directly to spread fertilizer over the fields
Mode is applied to the soil surface around tree body, and digs soil and cover fertilizer.It is dry that in July, 2016 carries out moth to this piece forest land
The investigation of worm hazard ratio finds, this forest land hazard ratio is reduced to 0%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, in 2015, is prevented in Cenxi City switch Seed of Camellia oleifera garden
Control test.Specific operation is: this forest land belongs to new plantation, and varieties of plant is oil tea Cen soft series clone, and seeding row spacing is 2m*
3m, 6 mu of cultivated area.Understand pests occurence rule and the extent of injury first, further investigation reveals that this piece forest land periphery oil tea standing forest
Once suffer from that the moth eating into dry worm is dry to cause harm, therefore select prophylactico-therapeutic measuress in advance before afforestation.In November, 2015 afforestation before and insect pest get over
In also unclosed this period in winter, dig the kind plant hole of 50cm*50cm*40cm according to the density of plantation, fertile in conjunction with the soil in this forest land
Power situation, the age of stand, tree body size determine applying base manure 5 jin of (n=4%, p2o5=12%、k2O=8%), wherein nicotine and calcium magnesium phosphate ratio
Example is 4:1.After backfill table soil, the base manure mixing is directly applied in kind of plant hole, base manure is fully mixed thoroughly with the table soil backfilling
Afterwards, then return soil to 10cm above ground level about be advisable.In May, 2016, this piece forest land is carried out investigating do not find to eat into dry worm harm.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eats into dry worm, is characterized in that: add in the base manure of oil tea or in topdressing and contain
Nicotine or the mixed organic fertilizer of nicotine complexing agent composition, operating procedure is as follows:
(1) prevent the time: according to the pests occurrence rule of insect pest, with larva or adult in host's main root root root and stem of certain plants or in killed branch
Ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time and the Wintering Period survived the winter, or the December applied fertilizer before the afforestation previous moon and the plant spring tip sprout is extremely
Carry out between January；
(2) special fertilizer is prepared: base manure proportioning is: nicotine or nicotine complexing agent are 5:1 ~ 8:1 with calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio, 5 years
Raw following young growth and the proportioning of topdressing grown into forest for more than 5 years are: nicotine or nicotine complexing agent are respectively in mass ratio with complex fertilizer
3:1 ~ 4:1 and 4:1 ~ 6:1；Compound method is to mix nicotine or nicotine complexing agent with the calcium magnesium phosphate of said ratio or complex fertilizer
Close uniformly, sieve；
(3) application process: it is directly to apply base manure in kind of plant hole that base manure prevents the method that camellia oleifera lam eats into dry worm；Topdress pre- grease proofing
The method that tea woods eats into dry worm is directly to be applied to topdressing around tree body and dig soil to cover fertilizer in the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class eat into dry worm method, it is characterized in that: described nicotine or
Nicotine complexing agent be biochemical product nicotine or by fermentation the Nicotiana tabacum L. containing nicotine composition, offal material with the first of arbitrary proportion
Shell element, chitinase, protease, the nicotine complexing agent of phytase.
3. the method that a kind of prevention camellia oleifera lam Anoplophorae seu Aprionae class according to claim 1 eats into dry worm, is characterized in that: described base manure is supported
Point content requirement is: n=3 ~ 5%, p2o5=10~15%、k2o=8~10%；Nutrient content requirement of topdressing is: n=15 ~ 18%, p2o5=6~
9%、k2O=8 ~ 13%, in the complex fertilizer of nicotine complexing agent composition of interpolation, Organic manure content reaches more than 50%, and is in weak acid
Property.
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| CN109670658A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of cigarette insect pest methods of risk assessment |
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