CN106332652A - Method of cultivating straw mushroom using pleurotus eryngii waste - Google Patents
Method of cultivating straw mushroom using pleurotus eryngii waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332652A CN106332652A CN201510401388.0A CN201510401388A CN106332652A CN 106332652 A CN106332652 A CN 106332652A CN 201510401388 A CN201510401388 A CN 201510401388A CN 106332652 A CN106332652 A CN 106332652A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method of cultivating straw mushroom using pleurotus eryngii waste comprising following steps: culture material preparing, pre-wetting and material feeding, natural fermenting, cooling and sowing, fungi growing, fruiting and harvesting. The beneficial effect of the invention is to cultivate straw mushroom by using the waste of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation; there is no need to add material or accessories to the pleurotus eryngii waste which is directly used as the culture material for straw mushroom; the waste of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation is changed into valuables so that resources is saved; compared with the traditional culture material prepare method of primary fermentation and after fermentation, the technology is simpler; compared with the common cultivation method, the cultivation time is shortened by 5 days while output is increased by 30%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of edible fungus culture and in particular to a kind of cultivate grass using Pleurotus eryngii waste material
The cultural method of mushroom.
Background technology
Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． fine and tender taste, crisp smooth mouth, delicious flavour, nutritious, there is good health value,
Its product fresh mushroom, dry productss or Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． canned food, are at home and abroad all liked by consumers in general on market deeply.
Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is a kind of mushroom of happiness hot and humid environment, and Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is to harvest one kind the fastest in edible fungi, from broadcasting
Kind only need to 2 weeks about to harvesting, indoor and outdoor can cultivate, the raw material of cultivating straw mushroom has Semen Gossypii
The agricultural byproducts such as shell, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, bagasse, corn stalk, with the expansion of Volvaria volvacea cultivation scope, these cultivations
The price of training raw material also constrains the cost of cultivation.
Pleurotus eryngii also known as pleurotus eryngii, because it has a plump mouthfeel as Carnis Haliotidiss of the fragrance of Semen Armeniacae Amarum and bacterial context
Gain the name, be that successfully to integrate edible, medicinal, dietetic therapy Rare edible fungus new for exploitation cultivation in recent years
Kind, in China, cultivated area constantly expands, Producer in order to ensure quality and the mouthfeel of Pleurotus eryngii,
After harvesting a damp Pleurotus eryngii, its compost is discarded, had so both caused the waste of compost, and also increased
Add the input of grower, reduced the income of Producer, at present, in order to preferably utilize waste material and fall
Low input, the technology being planted Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． using Pleurotus eryngii waste material is applied in actual production, and obtains
Good production and effect of increasing production, but except the waste material of Pleurotus eryngii in its culturing raw material, also add wood
The nutrients such as bits, cotton seed hullss, wheat bran, compound fertilizer.
Content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention be using planting almond abalone mushroom after waste material carry out the cultivation of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, Fructus Pruni Bao
Other nutritional labelings need not be increased in mushroom waste material, can be used directly to carry out the cultivation of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, cultivation period ratio
Common cultivation method shortens 5 days, output increased 30%.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention the technical scheme is that one kind utilizes Pleurotus eryngii
The cultural method of waste material cultivating straw mushroom, including the preparation of compost, feeding of prewetting, natural fermentation, cooling
Sowing, a bacterium, fruiting and harvesting operation；
The preparation technology of described compost is to slough waste mushroom stick plastic bag, rejects the son of residual on waste mushroom stick real
Body former base and mycoderma, waste mushroom stick are put into pulverizer and are pulverized；
Described feeding technique of prewetting places 12-18 hour after being sprayed water on compost, and compost is aqueous
It is transported to culture room when measuring as 70%-80%, in culture room, place 36-48 hour；
Described natural fermentating process is carried out at 55 DEG C -65 DEG C of material temperature, maintains fermentation 12-15h；
Described cooling sowing technique is down to 33 DEG C -38 DEG C in material temperature, when Compost moisture content is 65%-75%,
Carry out surface with strain to broadcast sowing；
Described bacterium technique issues bacterium in dark condition, and compost temperature is 32 DEG C -35 DEG C, co2Concentration is
1000ppm-1500ppm；
In described fruiting technique, temperature is 30-33 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 85%-95%, co2Concentration is
1400ppm-1600ppm；
In described recovery process the horizontal diameter proportion of mushroom body for 1:1-1.3 when harvested.
As preferred, after the preparation technology of compost selects a damp mushroom, mycelia is pure white, not by miscellaneous bacteria
The Pleurotus eryngii bacterium rod of infection.
As preferred, after feeding in feeding technique of prewetting, in culture room, place 36-48 hour.
As preferred, in feeding technique of prewetting, compost thickness is 20-28cm.
As preferred, send out and send out the bacterium time in bacterium technique for 5-7 days.
As preferred, the strain of cooling sowing technique is three-class strain.
As preferred, in described fruiting technique, give 400-600lx scattered light.
As preferred, after first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates in recovery process, second batch after 7-9 days, can be harvested
Mushroom, the impurity on cleaning compost surface and mushroom root, continue above-mentioned management, Yi Gongke after second batch of mushroom harvesting
Three batches of harvesting.
As preferred, Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth cycle is 35-45 days.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: carries out grass using the waste material after planting almond abalone mushroom
The cultivation of mushroom, is not required in Pleurotus eryngii waste material add any raw material, adjuvant, directly as the compost of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．,
The cultivation waste material of Pleurotus eryngii is turned waste into wealth, and has saved resource；Adopt front with traditional Compost method
Ferment, after fermentation are compared, and technique is simpler；Its planting time shortens 5 days than common cultivation method,
Yield increased 30%.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of cultivating straw mushroom of the present invention
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment one:
Compost preparation technology: after selecting a damp mushroom, mycelia is pure white, the Pleurotus eryngii that is not infected by bacteria
Bacterium rod, sloughs plastic bag, rejects the fruit body primordium of residual and mycoderma on bacterium rod, waste mushroom stick is put into brokenly
Broken machine is pulverized, and smashing fineness is 15 mesh.
Prewet feeding technique: spray water on culture stockpile, make compost suction moisture, compost moisture contains
Amount is with holding compost, has water droplet to flow out and is advisable, then throw into wide and a height of 1.5 with throwing machine from webs
The strip stockpile of rice, placing 15 hours makes that compost is loose, uniform moisture, works as Compost moisture content
During for 75%, then compost is transported on culture room bedstead, compost thickness is 22cm.
Natural fermentating process: close culture room door window, opening chamber's interior circulation blower fan, material temperature liter after 40 hours
To 60 DEG C, keep fermentation 14 hours.
Cooling sowing technique: import outdoor fresh air or open air-conditioning temperature-reducing, compost temperature is down to 35 DEG C,
Spray water in compost surface, keep charge level to moisten, when Compost moisture content is 70%, using v26
Three-class strain is sowed, and seeding method broadcasts sowing for surface, and bacterial classification usage amount is 0.25kg/m2.
Send out bacterium technique: under dark condition, compost temperature is 33 DEG C, by importing fresh air by co2Dense
Degree controls in 1400ppm, and after 7 days, mycelia covers with whole bed surface.
Fruiting technique: the bed surface covering with mycelia is sprayed water, injection flow rate is 1kg/m2, strengthen ventilation and change
Gas, gives 500lx scattering photostimulation, shows mushroom flower bud after 2 days, and temperature is maintained at 32 DEG C, and air is relatively
Humidity is 90%, by importing fresh air by co2Concentration controls in 1500ppm, when mushroom flower bud length is to peanut grain
Sprayed water after size, injection flow rate is 0.2kg/m2.
Recovery process: when the horizontal diameter proportion of mushroom body be 1:1-1.3, sporophore is solid, non-rupture of membranes when handss
Refer to gently spin up, after the harvesting of first batch of mushroom terminates, the impurity on cleaning compost surface and mushroom root, 7-9 days
After can harvest second batch of mushroom, continue above-mentioned management after second batch of mushroom harvesting, three batches can be harvested altogether, from upper
Expect that the time that can adopt mushroom is 15 days, fresh mushroom total output is 6.5kg/m2.
The source of described bacterium bar waste material；
The raw material of planting almond abalone mushroom is corn cob 30%, wood flour 22%, wheat bran 20%, bean cake 10%,
Semen Maydis powder 10%, bagasse 8%, by above-mentioned compost, ratio weighs respectively, puts into dedicated mixing machine varus
Mix uniformly, water content is Polypropylene Bag charging during 60%-65%, puts into autoclave sterilization after installing
1.5 hours, take out after being cooled to room temperature, inoculation operating platform accesses strain, after inoculation, puts into room
Interior bacterium culture, temperature is 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is more than 70%, 30 days about mycelia
Cover with bacterium rod.
The bacterium bastinade opened mouth of mycelia will be covered with, water spray keeps moistening, 15 DEG C -18 DEG C of regulating and controlling temperature promotees
Its fruiting, when the cap of Pleurotus eryngii sporophore is open and flat, middle recessed, surface slightly fine hair, spore is not yet
It is Harvesting Date during ejection, after harvesting one damp mushroom, bacterium rod no longer does secondary management of producing mushroom, used by the present invention
Planting almond abalone mushroom waste material is the waste material after harvesting one damp mushroom.
Comparative example (traditional cultivation mode):
Prepared by compost:
The proportioning raw materials of cultivating straw mushroom are: waste cotton slag 95%, and waste cotton slag is immersed Calx by pulverized limestone 5%
In water, every double centner waste cotton slag adds 5 kilograms of Calx, picks up and do heap after being impregnated with, and covers thin film fermentation 2
About it, Compost moisture content (for material grasping, webs have a small amount of water droplet to go out), ph 70% about
For 9-10 about can move into mushroom house.
Feeding:
Compost can first spread 1 layer of gauze on entering mushroom house front bedstead, compost is paved, slightly presses, then
1 layer of very thin waste cotton of paving, compost thickness is 15cm.
Sowing:
Most carbon monoxide must be dispersed after ferment in second time, treat that compost temperature is 36 DEG C -38 DEG C, room temperature is
34 DEG C -35 DEG C, water content can be sowed for 65%, carry out program request or equal with the three-class strain of v26
The even surface being sown in compost, and so that strain and compost is fully contacted, then again covered with thin film.
Send out bacterium:
Thin film observes the growing state of mycelia after covering 1-2 days, and bacteria developing period mushroom house temperature is 34 DEG C -35
DEG C, not higher than 40 DEG C of the temperature of compost, do not need special illumination and moisture between bacteria developing period, permissible
There is micro ventilation；When mycelia sends out to bed bottom, can open a window ventilation and penetrating light, until charge level is dry and comfortable, makes temperature
Degree is adjusted to 30 DEG C about, now sprays water having the globule to ooze out to compost bottom, rear venting will suitably
Increase, illumination can not set up daylight lamp completely；Sprout Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． listing from sporophore, mushroom bulk-growth needs a large amount of
Moisture and oxygen, temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C -32 DEG C, when charge level is too dry, air humidity is less than 80%
In the case of it should with vaporific suitably to space water spray.
Harvesting:
When Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． mushroom body constitution ground is harder, mushroom body can be adopted when being in cone, and during harvesting, proficiency is pinned Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． and
Raw base portion, ripe Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is twisted and has been plucked by another handss, typically can harvest 2-3 and criticize mushroom, adopts the mushroom phase and is
20 days, expect that from above the time that can adopt mushroom is 20 days, fresh mushroom production is 5kg/m2.
Below Contrast on effect is carried out with embodiment one and comparative example, the results are shown in Table 1:
The yield of table 1 embodiment one and comparative example and fruiting time comparison sheet
| Project | Yield (kg/m2) | Fruiting phase (my god) |
| Embodiment one | 6.5 | 15 |
| Comparative example | 5 | 20 |
As it can be seen from table 1 compared with traditional cultivation mode, embodiment one is than traditional Volvaria volvacea cultivation side
Formula shows the effect of volume increase in yield, increases production 30%, the fruiting phase of embodiment one is than traditional cultivation side
Formula fruiting phase has done sth. in advance the time of 5 days.
Above the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, but described content has been only present invention wound
The preferred embodiment made is it is impossible to be considered the practical range for limiting the present invention.All according to the invention
The impartial change that scope is made and improvement etc., all should still belong within this patent covering scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom it is characterised in that: include culture
The preparation of material, feeding of prewetting, natural fermentation, cooling sowing, a bacterium, fruiting and harvesting operation etc.；
The preparation technology of described compost is to slough waste mushroom stick plastic bag, rejects the son of residual on waste mushroom stick real
Body former base and mycoderma, waste mushroom stick are put into pulverizer and are pulverized；
Described feeding technique of prewetting places 12-18 hour after being sprayed water on compost, and compost is aqueous
It is transported to culture room when measuring as 70%-80%；
Described natural fermentating process is carried out at 55 DEG C -65 DEG C of compost temperature, maintains fermentation 12-15h；
Described cooling sowing technique is down to 33 DEG C -38 DEG C in compost temperature, and Compost moisture content is
During 65%-75%, carry out surface with strain and broadcast sowing；
Described bacterium technique issues bacterium in dark condition, and compost temperature is 32 DEG C -35 DEG C, co2Concentration is
1000ppm-1500ppm；
In described fruiting technique, compost temperature is 30-33 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 85%-95%, co2
Concentration is 1400ppm-1600ppm；
In described recovery process the horizontal diameter proportion of mushroom body for 1:1-1.3 when harvested.
2. the cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: after the preparation technology of described compost selects a damp mushroom, mycelia is pure white, be not infected by bacteria
Pleurotus eryngii bacterium rod.
3. the cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 1 and 2,
It is characterized in that: place 36-48 hour in culture room after feeding in described feeding technique of prewetting.
4. the cultural method of the utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 1-3, its
It is characterised by: in described feeding technique of prewetting, compost thickness is 20-28cm.
5. the cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be: send out the bacterium time in described bacterium technique for 5-7 days.
6. the cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 5, it is special
Levy and be: the strain of described cooling sowing technique is three-class strain.
7. the culture side of the utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 1 or 5 or 6
Method it is characterised in that: give 400-600lx scattered light in described fruiting technique.
8. the cultural method of utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material cultivating straw mushroom according to claim 7, it is special
Levy and be: after first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates in described recovery process, second batch of mushroom after 7-9 days, can be harvested,
Continue above-mentioned management after second batch of mushroom harvesting, three batches can be harvested altogether.
9. the utilization Pleurotus eryngii waste material according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 or 6 or 8 any one is planted
Training Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultural method it is characterised in that: described Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth cycle be 35-45 days.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112772276A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags |
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Application publication date: 20170118 |