CN106576901A - Method for cultivating morchella indoors - Google Patents
Method for cultivating morchella indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN106576901A CN106576901A CN201611076329.1A CN201611076329A CN106576901A CN 106576901 A CN106576901 A CN 106576901A CN 201611076329 A CN201611076329 A CN 201611076329A CN 106576901 A CN106576901 A CN 106576901A
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- cultivation
- perss
- morchella
- drying
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating morchella indoors. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) preparing a cultivation material formula; 2) fermenting; 3) bagging; 4) growing mycelia; 5) arranging a cultivation room; 6) cultivating; 7) managing after cultivating; and 8) picking and storing. The cultivation method is a method capable of improving quality of morchella and increasing number of morchella, which is disclosed according to the defects of existing artificial morchella cultivation. Morchella cultivated by the method disclosed by the invention can realize high yield; moreover, quality of morchella planting further can be improved, gap between artificially cultivated morchella and wild morchella is reduced, and the edible value and the medicinal value of the morchella are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation.
Background technology
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are foremost delicious food bacterium in ascomycetess, and its cap part is contained isoleucine, leucine, relies ammonia
Acid, methionine, Phenylalanine, 7 kinds of aminoacid needed by human of threonine and L-Valine, it is sweet cold nontoxic, there are beneficial stomach, resolving sputum reason
Gas drug effect.The nutrition of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss is quite enriched, and according to surveying and determination, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss contain crude protein 20%, crude fat 26%, carbohydrate
38.1%, also contain several amino acids, particularly content of glutamic acid and be up to 1.76 %.Therefore, it is believed that being " very good egg
White matter is originated ", and have the laudatory title of " meat or fish in element ".Protein in human body is arranged in pairs or groups and constituted by 20 kinds of aminoacid, and sheep
Tripe bacterium just contains 18 kinds, wherein 8 kinds of aminoacid are that human body can not be manufactured, but it is increasingly important to seem on human nutrition, so
It is referred to as " essential amino acids ".
The existing medical value of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss has edibility again, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss of half be it is wild, but wild Gaster caprae seu Ovis
The quantity of bacterium far can not meet people and eat or medicinal needs, therefore need a kind of tame mode to carry out high-volume
Production cultivation, but the Maturity of existing Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss artificial breeding technique is not high, its tame Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss yield is also
Not high enough, the also wilder difference of mouthfeel, the quality of cultivation are low.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation, this kind of cultivation side
Method is according to the shortcoming of current artificial culture's Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss and a kind of method that can improve its quality and quantity for proposing, using this
The Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss of the method cultivation of invention can not only realize high yield, and can also improve the quality that Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are planted, and reduce artificial
The Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss of cultivation and the gap of wild toadstool, improve its edible and medical value.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation, comprises the following steps:
1)Plant formulation:Agricultural residues powder 70%, corn cob 20%, pulverized limestone 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, cake fertilizer 5% and humic
Soil 3%;
2)Fermentation:By above-mentioned formula and water according to 1:1.3 ratio stirs, and is placed in fermenting case and ferments 20-22 days after mixing,
Water content is adjusted to 60%;
3)Pack:Fed using polypropylene or polyethylene pocket, per packed 500-600g, be placed on after installing under the conditions of 100 DEG C
Sterilizing 8-10 hours;
4)Mycelial growth:Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss strain is accessed after sterilizing, is seeded on inoculation frame and is completed, cultivate at being placed in 22-25 DEG C, treat
Extending culture 5-6 days again after mycelia purseful, make mycelium fully grow, you can cultivation;
5)Lay cultivation house:Cultivation house surrounding metope is provided with windowing, and light barrier is arranged in windowing, arranges and increase on cultivation house inwall
Humidifier is set in oxygen pipe, cultivation house, multiple cultivation beds is set in cultivation house, cultivation house is carried out at sterilizing before cultivation
Reason;
6)Cultivation:Before cultivation, first in one block of every layer of bed surface upper berth plastic sheeting, the thick fertile soil of 3cm is then repaved, will after clapping
The bacterium rod for sloughing plastic bag is arranged in bed one by one, light water spray 1 time after drained bacterium rod, and the soil 3-5cm after the bacterium that then destroys covers
After soil, the thick broad leaf tree fallen leaves of 2cm are covered on surface again, are kept ground moistening, are grown sporophore, in this growth of 1 month after 1 month
Period is every 4-5 days using faint scattering light irradiation 1 time, each irradiation time 0.5-1 hour;
7)Manage after cultivation:The temperature range in cultivation house is kept all the time at 4-16 DEG C, and is adjusted in cultivation house by humidifier
Air humidity is between 85%-95%;
8)Harvesting and preservation:7-10 days growth and maturity after sporophore is unearthed, clear up soil in time, dry or dry after harvesting, and
Dress plastic bag sealing preservation.
Preferably, the step(1)Corn cob elder generation drying case drying in " plant formulation ", drying temperature 40-
50 DEG C, drying course be every 5min drying temperatures raise 2 DEG C, drying complete after Jing air-dry be down to normal temperature state, Jing after cooling
Crusher in crushing, and 40,60,80 mesh mesh screens of Jing screening three-level, the oarse-grained corn cob such as sift out, then soak one in clear water again
Night, after pulling out and plant formulation remaining dispensing carries out spice.
Preferably, saying not step(5)Underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct is additionally provided with " laying cultivation house ", the underground heat is high
Warm sterilizing pipeline is arranged at soil lower floor 40-60cm, and is connected with the boiler being arranged on outside cultivation house, is led to before cultivation
Cross underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct high temperature sterilization is carried out to soil and disinfect, and a piece high temperature is set at interval of 40-50cm
Sterilizing pipeline.
Preferably, the step(6)In " cultivation " broad leaf tree fallen leaves needs before covering through washing, drying and
The broad leaf tree collected is fallen leaves and is washed in clear water, heats disinfection solution, after the completion of washing in water lotion by break process first
The broad leaf tree fallen leaves of half are broken into Semen Glyciness size after terminating by drying, drying, and the original size of second half holding is standby.
Preferably, the step(6)The covering of the broad leaf tree fallen leaves in " cultivation " is first to cover one layer to be broken into Semen Glyciness
The broad-leaved of size, then covers one layer big of broad leaf tree fallen leaves in the superiors.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:It is compared with prior art, of the invention to the improvement is that,
First, the present invention is combined using new formulation material, and the process before spice is carried out to the corn cob in formulation material, its Semen Maydis
Core not only has nutritive value, and with good breathability, it is ensured that the preferable nutrition of formulation material and breathability, because of formulation material
Quality be directly connected to the growth quality of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, therefore formulation material is one of high-quality guarantee of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss high yield;And
Dry corn cob, containing crude fat 0.7%, crude fibre 28%, nitrogen-free extract 58.4%, ash 2.0%, calcium 0.1%, phosphorus 0.03%, is cultivation
The fabulous raw material of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss;
Second, in the cultivation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, in order to ensure that this mushroom of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss preferably can grow, therefore to soil
Requirement is higher, and residual harmful antibacterial is unable in soil, prevents impact of the noxious bacteria to Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, therefore the present invention arranges underground heat height
Warm sterilizing pipeline, carries out high temperature heat radiation to soil by the high-temperature sterilization pipeline, before cultivation by high temperature heat radiation
Antibacterial in soil can be utterly destroyed, the growth for Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss provides a kind of aseptic environment;
Third, the present invention is in order to ensure the preferable growing way of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss after indoor cultivation, therefore one layer of broken broad leaf tree is covered by surface
Fallen leaves, then one layer big of broad leaf tree fallen leaves are covered, nutrient substance is provided for soil by thin broad leaf tree fallen leaves, and by big
Broad leaf tree is fallen leaves not only by the water tariff collection in soil, can guarantee that preferable breathability again, and the sound field for Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss provides one
Good environment.
Specific embodiment
In order that one of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, with reference to embodiment
Technical scheme is further described.
Embodiment:Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, a kind of method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation, including following step are cultivated in selection in early spring season
Suddenly:
1)Plant formulation:Agricultural residues powder 70%, corn cob 20%, pulverized limestone 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, cake fertilizer 5% and humic
Soil 3%;
The drying case drying of corn cob elder generation, drying temperature 40-50 DEG C, drying course are to raise 2 DEG C every 5min drying temperatures, are dried
After finishing into, Jing is air-dried and is down to normal temperature state, Jing crusher in crushing after cooling, and 40,60,80 mesh mesh screens of Jing screening three-level, is sifted out
Etc. oarse-grained corn cob, a night then in clear water, is soaked again, after pulling out and plant formulation remaining dispensing carries out spice;Dry jade
Meter Xin, containing crude fat 0.7%, crude fibre 28%, nitrogen-free extract 58.4%, ash 2.0%, calcium 0.1%, phosphorus 0.03%, is cultivation Gaster caprae seu Ovis
The fabulous raw material of bacterium, so corn cob is first had to through drying and processing, and by screening, filters out specification of quality identical Semen Maydiss
Slug particle, it is ensured that the uniformity of corn cob granule in formula, corn cob not only have nutritive value, and breathe freely with good
Property, it is ensured that the preferable nutrition of formulation material and breathability, because the quality of formulation material is directly connected to the growth quality of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, therefore match somebody with somebody
Square stock is one of high-quality guarantee of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss high yield;
2)Fermentation:By above-mentioned formula and water according to 1:1.3 ratio stirs, and is placed in fermenting case and ferments 20-22 days after mixing,
Water content is adjusted to 60%;
3)Pack:Fed using polypropylene or polyethylene pocket, per packed 500-600g, be placed on after installing under the conditions of 100 DEG C
Sterilizing 8-10 hours;
4)Mycelial growth:Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss strain is accessed after sterilizing, is seeded on inoculation frame and is completed, cultivate at being placed in 22-25 DEG C, treat
Extending culture 5-6 days again after mycelia purseful, make mycelium fully grow, ensure that mycelial growth leading portion is whole using said method
Together, then can cultivation;
5)Lay cultivation house:Cultivation house surrounding metope is provided with windowing, and light barrier is arranged in windowing, arranges and increase on cultivation house inwall
Humidifier is set in oxygen pipe, cultivation house, multiple cultivation beds is set in cultivation house, cultivation house is carried out at sterilizing before cultivation
Reason;The speed of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore growth can be improved by oxygen increasing pump to oxygen supplement appropriate in cultivation house, and by laying
Humidifier ensure indoor humidity because the growth needs of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss could grow in the environment of relatively moistening it is more preferable;
Underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct is additionally provided with, the underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct is arranged at soil lower floor 40-60cm,
And connect with the boiler being arranged on outside cultivation house, high temperature is carried out to soil by underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct before cultivation and is killed
Bacterium is disinfected, and arranges a high temperature sterilization decontamination duct at interval of 40-50cm;In the cultivation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, in order to
Ensure that this mushroom of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss preferably can grow, therefore the requirement to soil is higher, and residual harmful antibacterial is unable in soil, prevents
Only impact of the noxious bacteria to Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, therefore the present invention arranges underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct, passes through the high temperature before cultivation
Decontamination duct carries out high temperature heat radiation to soil, can utterly destroy the antibacterial in soil by high temperature heat radiation, is Gaster caprae seu Ovis
The growth of bacterium provides a kind of aseptic environment;
6)Cultivation:Before cultivation, first in one block of every layer of bed surface upper berth plastic sheeting, the thick fertile soil of 3cm is then repaved, will after clapping
The bacterium rod for sloughing plastic bag is arranged in bed one by one, light water spray 1 time after drained bacterium rod, and the soil 3-5cm after the bacterium that then destroys covers
After soil, the thick broad leaf tree fallen leaves of 2cm are covered on surface again, are kept ground moistening, are grown sporophore, in this growth of 1 month after 1 month
Period is every 4-5 days using faint scattering light irradiation 1 time, each irradiation time 0.5-1 hour;
Broad leaf tree fallen leaves are needed through washing, drying and break process before covering, and first the broad leaf tree fallen leaves collected exist
Wash in clear water, in water lotion, heat disinfection solution, washing completes post-drying, and the broad leaf tree of half is fallen leaves after terminating by drying
Semen Glyciness size is broken into, the original size of second half holding is standby, the covering of broad leaf tree fallen leaves is first to cover one layer to be broken into Huang
The broad-leaved of bean size, then covers one layer big of broad leaf tree fallen leaves in the superiors;The broad leaf tree fallen leaves of Semen Glyciness size are to cultivation
Soil nutrient is provided, and big broad leaf tree fallen leaves are then to carry out moisturizing and permeation functions to soil;
7)Manage after cultivation:The temperature range in cultivation house is kept all the time at 4-16 DEG C, and is adjusted in cultivation house by humidifier
Between 85%-95%, the later stage is it may happen that insect pest, can spray Pyrethrum or 10% lime water before sporophore is gone out to air humidity;
8)Harvesting and preservation:7-10 days growth and maturity after sporophore is unearthed, clear up soil in time, dry or dry after harvesting, and
Dress plastic bag sealing preservation.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)Plant formulation:Agricultural residues powder 70%, corn cob 20%, pulverized limestone 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, cake fertilizer 5% and humic
Soil 3%;
2)Fermentation:By above-mentioned formula and water according to 1:1.3 ratio stirs, and is placed in fermenting case and ferments 20-22 days after mixing,
Water content is adjusted to 60%;
3)Pack:Fed using polypropylene or polyethylene pocket, per packed 500-600g, be placed on after installing under the conditions of 100 DEG C
Sterilizing 8-10 hours;
4)Mycelial growth:Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss strain is accessed after sterilizing, is seeded on inoculation frame and is completed, cultivate at being placed in 22-25 DEG C, treat
Extending culture 5-6 days again after mycelia purseful, make mycelium fully grow, you can cultivation;
5)Lay cultivation house:Cultivation house surrounding metope is provided with windowing, and light barrier is arranged in windowing, arranges and increase on cultivation house inwall
Humidifier is set in oxygen pipe, cultivation house, multiple cultivation beds is set in cultivation house, cultivation house is carried out at sterilizing before cultivation
Reason;
6)Cultivation:Before cultivation, first in one block of every layer of bed surface upper berth plastic sheeting, the thick fertile soil of 3cm is then repaved, will after clapping
The bacterium rod for sloughing plastic bag is arranged in bed one by one, light water spray 1 time after drained bacterium rod, and the soil 3-5cm after the bacterium that then destroys covers
After soil, the thick broad leaf tree fallen leaves of 2cm are covered on surface again, are kept ground moistening, are grown sporophore, in this growth of 1 month after 1 month
Period is every 4-5 days using faint scattering light irradiation 1 time, each irradiation time 0.5-1 hour;
7)Manage after cultivation:The temperature range in cultivation house is kept all the time at 4-16 DEG C, and is adjusted in cultivation house by humidifier
Air humidity is between 85%-95%;
8)Harvesting and preservation:7-10 days growth and maturity after sporophore is unearthed, clear up soil in time, dry or dry after harvesting, and
Dress plastic bag sealing preservation.
2. the method for a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(1)" cultivation
Corn cob elder generation drying case drying in material formula ", drying temperature 40-50 DEG C, drying course are every 5min drying temperature liters
It is high 2 DEG C, drying complete after Jing air-dry be down to normal temperature state, Jing crusher in crushing after cooling, and 40,60,80 mesh mesh screens of Jing screening
Three-level, the oarse-grained corn cob such as sifts out, then soaks in clear water a night again, and after pulling out, remaining dispensing is carried out with plant formulation
Spice.
3. the method for a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Say not step(5)" lay
Underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct is additionally provided with cultivation house ", the underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct is arranged on soil lower floor 40-
At 60cm, and connect with the boiler being arranged on outside cultivation house, soil is entered by underground heat high temperature sterilization decontamination duct before cultivation
Row high temperature sterilization is disinfected, and arranges a high temperature sterilization decontamination duct at interval of 40-50cm.
4. the method for a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(6)" plant
Broad leaf tree fallen leaves in training " are needed through washing, drying and break process, first by the broad leaf tree fallen leaves collected before covering
Wash in clear water, in water lotion, heat disinfection solution, washing completes post-drying, and the broad leaf tree of half is fallen after terminating by drying
Leaf is broken into Semen Glyciness size, and the original size of second half holding is standby.
5. the method for a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss indoor cultivation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The step(6)" plant
The covering of the broad leaf tree fallen leaves in training " is first to cover one layer of broad-leaved for being broken into Semen Glyciness size, then covers one layer in the superiors
Big broad leaf tree fallen leaves.
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CN201611076329.1A CN106576901A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Method for cultivating morchella indoors |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107197691A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-26 | 四川普润生农业科技有限公司 | A kind of indoor cultivation method for Ganoderma of hickory chick |
CN107439221A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-08 | 香格里拉市加发农业科技有限责任公司 | The interior of hickory chick takes off bag inoculation method |
CN108029447A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 贵州中科易农科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hickory chick cultural method |
CN108299121A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-07-20 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | The implantation methods of hickory chick |
CN108718904A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | Hickory chick cultural method |
WO2019179231A1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-09-26 | 四川三点水生物科技有限公司 | Planting method for morels |
CN112205241A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-12 | 贵州理工学院 | Indoor factory cultivation device and cultivation method for artificial morchella |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107197691A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-26 | 四川普润生农业科技有限公司 | A kind of indoor cultivation method for Ganoderma of hickory chick |
CN107439221A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-08 | 香格里拉市加发农业科技有限责任公司 | The interior of hickory chick takes off bag inoculation method |
CN108299121A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-07-20 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | The implantation methods of hickory chick |
CN108029447A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 贵州中科易农科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hickory chick cultural method |
WO2019179231A1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-09-26 | 四川三点水生物科技有限公司 | Planting method for morels |
CN110291919A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-10-01 | 四川三点水生物科技有限公司 | A kind of hickory chick implantation methods |
US11277980B2 (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2022-03-22 | Sichuan Three Point Water Biotechnology Co Ltd | Planting method for morels |
CN108718904A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | Hickory chick cultural method |
CN112205241A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-12 | 贵州理工学院 | Indoor factory cultivation device and cultivation method for artificial morchella |
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