CN106278468A - A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106278468A CN106278468A CN201610678339.6A CN201610678339A CN106278468A CN 106278468 A CN106278468 A CN 106278468A CN 201610678339 A CN201610678339 A CN 201610678339A CN 106278468 A CN106278468 A CN 106278468A
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- organic fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer, this biology multifunctional organic fertilizer is mainly made up of organic matter, inorganic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), aminoacids complex and Trichoderma spp. activity conidium, for industrialized agriculture, both this season vegetable plant demand to nutrient had been met, can persistency increase soil fertility again, harden facility agricultural soil, acidifying etc. has well repairs improving effect；Trichoderma composition has significant prevention and control or repair to the most serious soil-borne disease of facility agricultural soil and pesticide residues simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological fertilizer field, relate to the use of agricultural and Stock raising waste resource prepares multi-functional full unit
Trichoderma as biological fertilizer, the preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer, it is adaptable to modern installations agromelioration is repaired
And disease prevention and control.
Background technology
China's facilities vegetable industry, since last century the mid-80, has been developed rapidly.Ending 2015, China sets
Execute vegetable area and reach 388.84 ten thousand hm2(5832.6 ten thousand mu), the output value exceed the vegetable gross output value 60% (Yang Ran etc.,
2016).Owing to facilities vegetable economic value added is high, therefore it is chronically at high multiple crop index intensive, high, high rate of fertilizer
Production status, causes Soil Secondary salt pool, nutrient imbalance, acidifying, and soil fertility declines, and microbial ecological is unbalance, soil-borne disease
Evil increases the weight of day by day.For ensureing that yield of vegetables and economic benefit, more chemical fertilizer and pesticide, by excessive or unreasonable use, are formed and dislike
Property circulation, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area is day by day serious, causes the fast degradation of soil quality, the serious threat quality peace of victual
Complete and the Ecological Sustainable Development of vegetables industry.
Fertilizer does not contain only the required a great number of elements of plant, trace element, possibly together with abundant organic nutrient, and can be effective
Improve soil physical and chemical property and biological activity, vegetable soil, the fertilizer supply and preservation ability of enhancing soil and buffer capacity, be Modern Agriculture
Industry soil quality improves indispensable technical measures.Biological organic fertilizer combines the advantage of fertilizer and microbial manure, except having
Outside the function that machine is fertile, probiotic bacteria therein can also produce outside substantial amounts of bioactive substance, has fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing,
Improve soil quality, balance the several functions such as microbiological paper method, suppression pathogen, meet Sustainable Development of Modern Agriculture
Requirement, be modern agriculture, the especially hope of Facility Agriculture Development and direction.
But owing to the production procedure of current biological organic fertilizer is not strict, the level of production is uneven, and product quality can not get
Ensureing, adding and take effect slowly, functional microorganism resource is the abundantest, there is presently no and is widely used.How to combine biology
Fertilizer and the feature of chemical fertilizer, both possessed and met this season plant nutrient requirement, and can improve again soil, Effective Regulation soil microorganism
Fauna, persistency increases soil fertility, and is the present invention problem that needs to solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at that facility agricultural soil Quality Down, pollution of area source be serious, soil-borne disease day increasingly
Weigh and the preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer is provided.Fertilizer prepared by the method, for industrialized agriculture, had both met this season vegetable
The plant demand to nutrient, can persistency increase soil fertility again, and harden facility agricultural soil, acidifying etc. has well repaiies
Multiple improving effect；The most serious soil-borne disease of facility agricultural soil and pesticide residues are had the most anti-by trichoderma composition simultaneously
Control or repair.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: comprise the following steps:
A. simon this Trichoderma spp. T21-3 seed liquor is prepared；
B. agricultural wastes are used to prepare solid fermentation culture medium；
C. described step a gained seed liquor is inoculated into step b solid fermentation culture medium, cultivates and obtain Trichoderma spp. fermentation inoculation
Body；
D. corn straw and fowl and animal excrement are mixed, compost fermentation；The Trichoderma spp. fermentation inoculation of inoculation step c gained after becoming thoroughly decomposed
Body, continues the fermented product that ferments to obtain；
E. Liquid amino acid complex is prepared；
F. the Liquid amino acid complex and the ammonium sulfate that step e are prepared join in step d gained fermented product, make
Biological organic fertilizer.
This Trichoderma spp. of simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3 that the present invention uses, protected on June 24th, 2016
It is hidden in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City
No. 3, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, 100101, preservation date is on June 24th, 2016, and deposit number is:
CGMCCN0.12630。
The parts by weight of the described each key component of a kind of biological organic fertilizer are as follows: organic 45-50%, inorganic nutrients
10-15%, Liquid amino acid complex 1-2%, water 15-20%, Trichoderma spp. activity conidium are no less than 2 × 108/g。
Nitrogen in described inorganic nutrients: phosphorus: potassium=3:1:2.
Described a kind of biological organic fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
A. this Trichoderma spp. of simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3 strain is accessed in PDA culture medium after activation,
Transfer on PDA solid medium, cultivate 5～7d for 28 DEG C, treat that it produces substantial amounts of conidium, use sterilized water eluting, to obtain final product
To this Trichoderma spp. seed liquor of simon；
B. solid fermentation culture medium is prepared: corn straw 40%, Testa Tritici 5%, surplus is that the mixture of water goes out at 121 DEG C
Bacterium 60 minutes, obtains solid fermentation culture medium；
C. described step a gained seed liquor is mixed, after stirring with step b solid fermentation culture medium in 1% ratio
Seal, 25-28 DEG C of constant temperature static gas wave refrigerator 7-10d, after fermentation, it dried naturally or is dried, obtaining Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation
Inoculum；
D., corn straw smashing being crossed 20 mesh, mixes with fowl and animal excrement (chicken manure, duck excrement or pig manure), C/N, about 25, contains
The water yield is at 50-60%, compost, if heap length 10 meters, wide 5 meters, heap is high 1 meter；Turning in every 3 days once, continuous compost 15-20 days；Treat
After temperature of charge is down to 30 DEG C, the Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation inoculum of inoculation step c gained, continues fermentation culture 7-10d, must send out
Ferment thing；
E. use sulphuric acid that the dead livestock and poultry during livestock and poultry cultivation is hydrolyzed, prepare Liquid amino acid complex；
F. the amount of the ammonium sulfate added is determined according to the concrete nutrient of the fermented product of step d gained so that it is obtain after mixing
Total nutrient is the mixed fertilizer of 10-15%；It is simultaneously introduced the Liquid amino acid complex of 1-2%；Being sufficiently mixed, making biology has
Machine is fertile.
In step a, described PDA culture medium is peeled potatoes 200 grams, glucose 20 grams, agar powder 15 grams, adds water to
1000mL mixes.
In step c, in Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation inoculum, trichoderma conidium reaches 60～100 × 108Individual/g.
In step e, concentration be the sulphuric acid of 5～7mol/L at 90-95 DEG C to the poultry that dies of illness during livestock and poultry cultivation
Fowl hydrolysis 6～8h, dead livestock and poultry is 1:1.5～1:2 with the material ratio of the sulphuric acid of described 5～7mol/L.
The invention have the benefit that
This Trichoderma spp. of simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3 is to insecticide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, many chlorine aromatic hydrocarbons, cyanogen
The pollutant such as compound, heavy metal (such as cadmium, nickel, copper, aluminum etc.) and plastics have stronger degraded or repair ability, show equally
Superior application and development potentiality.The thus microbial inoculum of bacterial strain research and development or fertilizer, several functions is collaborative to play a role, for facility agriculture
Industry, it is possible to resolve the various problems such as fertility decline in soil, disease, agriculture are residual.
The present invention makes full use of agricultural wastes (crop material) and aquaculture feces does organic matter material, by innoxious
Becoming thoroughly decomposed after process, inoculation trichoderma carries out secondary solid fermentation culture；And by adding amino acid complex and inorganic nutrients, system
Standby formation " unit entirely " Trichoderma spp. organic fertilizer.Straw and feces of livestock and poultry carry out harmless treatment utilization by the present invention, it is to avoid straw
Direct returning to farmland causes burn seedlings and the low predicament of utilization rate, and promotes the comprehensive utilization of feces of livestock and poultry, effectively prevents breeding pollution；
Being cultivated by inoculation trichoderma secondary solid, the trichoderma of high concentration is with the help of organic matter, after being manured into soil, considerably long
One period in can keep higher population density, thus the most effective stable its multifunction activity of performance.This fertilizer is except carrying
Rise soil quality, improve soil environment, moreover it is possible to the soil-borne disease the most serious to facility agricultural soil and pesticide residues have significantly
Prevention and control or repair.In addition by adding the inorganic nutrients such as quick-acting amino acid complexes and ammonium sulfate, can supplement further
Fertilizer takes effect slow deficiency, meets the popularization and application of the needs of this season vegetable plant, more conducively plant growing and this series products,
Meet the requirement of modern installations vegetable production sustainable development.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 show fertilizer and stores time and trichoderma number graph of a relation；
Fig. 2 show trichoderma number variation diagram after incorporation of fertilizerin the soil.
Detailed description of the invention:
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, describe technical scheme in detail with instantiation below, but this
Invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
A. by after this Trichoderma spp. of simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3 actication of culture, access in PDA culture medium,
It is placed in 28 DEG C of constant incubators cultivation 7d, treats that it produces substantial amounts of conidium, use sterilized water eluting, i.e. obtain this wood of simon
Mould seed liquor, described PDA culture medium is peeled potatoes 200 grams, glucose 20 grams, agar powder 15 grams, adds water to 1000mL and mixes
Conjunction forms；
This Trichoderma spp. of described simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3, in being preserved on June 24th, 2016
State's Microbiological Culture Collection administration committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number: CGMCC N0.12630, this Trichoderma spp. can drop
Solve various organophosphorus pesticide residues, can effectively prevent again and control various vegetables soil-borne disease.
B. solid fermentation culture medium is prepared: corn straw (pulverizing 20 mesh) 40%, Testa Tritici 5%, surplus is the mixing of water
Thing is sterilizing 60 minutes at 121 DEG C, obtain solid fermentation culture medium；
C. described step a gained seed liquor is mixed, after stirring with step b solid fermentation culture medium in 1% ratio
Covering with gauze or sealed membrane, being placed in temperature is 27-30 DEG C of constant temperature static gas wave refrigerator 8d, and trichoderma conidium reaches 65 × 108Individual/
G, naturally dries or is dried, obtaining Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation inoculum；
D., corn straw smashing being crossed 20 mesh, mixes with chicken manure (duck excrement or pig manure), C/N is about 25, and water content exists
55%, compost, if heap length 10 meters, wide 5 meters, heap is high 1 meter；Turning in every 3 days once, continuous compost 20 days；
E. the chicken that dies of illness of poultry farms, duck being collected, concentration is that the sulphuric acid of 6mol/L is at 85-90 DEG C of air-proof condition
Under to chicken or the duck hydrolysis 7h of dying of illness, the material ratio of the sulphuric acid of die of illness chicken and duck and described 6mol/L is 1:1.5, with in industrial ammonia
With, prepare Liquid amino acid complex.
Liquid amino acid complex main component: amino acid content is 33.5g/L, soluble polypeptide and soluble protein state
Total nitrogen is 8.2g/L.
F. treating that the temperature of charge constant temperature of described step d gained is down to less than 30 DEG C, the Trichoderma spp. of inoculation 1 ‰ step C gained is solid
Body fermentation inoculum, continues fermentation culture 7d, obtains Trichoderma spp. fertilizer product.
G. the amount of the ammonium sulfate added is determined according to the concrete nutrient of the biological organic fertilizer of step d gained so that it is after mixing
Obtain the mixed fertilizer that total nutrient is 11%；It is simultaneously introduced the Liquid amino acid complex of 1.5%；It is sufficiently mixed, makes Trichoderma spp.
Full unit fertilizer.
Each key component content: Trichoderma spp. activity conidium 2.3 × 108/ g, organic matter 45.6%, inorganic nutrients (nitrogen phosphorus
Potassium) 12.1%, amino acid/11 .5%, aqueous 15%.
Embodiment 2
The biological organic fertilizer storage test of embodiment 1 preparation
Step 1, by made Trichoderma spp. fertilizer, preserves with conventional package encapsulation, is placed under room temperature condition preservation；
Step 2 was every 30 days, and once, every sub-sampling 3 wraps in detection, separates with Trichoderma spp. selective medium, and statistics is averaged
Value.Result is as shown in Figure of description Fig. 1.
Described Trichoderma spp. selective medium: K2HPO40.90g；MgSO4·7H2O 0.20g；NH4NO31.0g；KCl
0.15g；Glucose 3.0g；Rose-bengal 0.15g；Agar 15.0g；Distilled water 1.0L.After sterilizing, add chloromycetin 0.25g, chain
Mycin 0.03g and pentachloronitrobenzene 0.2g.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 1 preparation biological organic fertilizer be manured into soil after Trichoderma spp. determine grow test
Step 1 soil (from greenhouse tomato vegetable plot, Shouguang) crosses 20 mesh sieves, is loaded on plastic tub (18cm × 15cm × 15cm),
Every basin soil 1.5Kg, the addition of the biological organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 preparation is 20g/Kg.
Step 2 pours into suitable quantity of water (to be impregnated with soil, do not leak outside and be advisable), and 5～10 tomato seeds sowed by every basin, after planting
Earthing 2cm.After insemination and emergence, the every basin of seedling thinning retains 5.
Step 3 after planting every investigation in 7 days once, the most often processes investigation 3 basins.Successive survey 6 times.Take soil around root system
Sample, with Trichoderma spp. selective medium in case study on implementation 2, carries out statistical counting to Trichoderma spp. in soil sample.Result is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 4
The biological organic fertilizer Field information test of embodiment 1 preparation
Step one: soil treatment.Layout planning (Gong Jia village village, Qingzhou City Tan Fang town), operates routinely, ploughs deeply, making ridge
(taking the little high ridge mode of size row, the biggest row 70-80 centimetre, little row 40 centimeters, ridge height 10-15 centimetre).Divide equally from West to East
Becoming 8 grades interval, interval as processing using 2,4,6,3,5,7 as comparison；Process biology prepared in interval embodiment 1 to have
Machine is fertile (200Kg/ mu), uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields, harrows even；The biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is not executed in comparison interval.
Step 2: transplant.Every ridge field planting two row, is transplanted into tomato seedling.
Step 3: the investigation of fertilizer efficiency, preventive effect and data analysis.Each interval 5 samplings in canopy, every some investigation 10 strains, statistics kind
The common disease incidence of soil-borne disease of eggplant, calculates preventive effect.Statistics tomato yield.Fertilizer efficiency, preventive effect result are as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
The impact on tamato fruit yield of table 1 biological organic fertilizer of the present invention
The prevention effect of table 2 biological organic fertilizer of the present invention soil-borne disease several to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. simon this Trichoderma spp. T21-3 seed liquor is prepared；
B. agricultural wastes are used to prepare solid fermentation culture medium；
C. described step a gained seed liquor is inoculated into step b solid fermentation culture medium, cultivates and obtain Trichoderma spp. fermentation inoculum；
D. corn straw and fowl and animal excrement are mixed, compost fermentation；The Trichoderma spp. fermentation inoculum of inoculation step c gained after becoming thoroughly decomposed,
Continue the fermented product that ferments to obtain；
E. Liquid amino acid complex is prepared；
F. the Liquid amino acid complex and the ammonium sulfate that step e are prepared join in step d gained fermented product, make biology
Fertilizer.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this Trichoderma spp. of simon
(Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3, it is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation conservator on June 24th, 2016
Meeting common micro-organisms center, deposit number: CGMCC N0.12630.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight of each key component
Degree is as follows: organic 45-50%, inorganic nutrients 10-15%, Liquid amino acid complex 1-2%, water 15-20%, Trichoderma spp.
Activity conidium is no less than 2 × 108/g。
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described inorganic nutrients
Nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=3:1:2.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. by this Trichoderma spp. of simon (Trichoderma simmonsii) T21-3 strain accesses in PDA culture medium after activation, turn
It is connected on PDA solid medium, cultivates 5～7d for 28 DEG C, treat that it produces substantial amounts of conidium, use sterilized water eluting, i.e. obtain
This Trichoderma spp. seed liquor of simon；
B. solid fermentation culture medium is prepared: corn straw 40%, Testa Tritici 5%, surplus is the sterilizing 60 at 121 DEG C of the mixture of water
Minute, obtain solid fermentation culture medium；
C. described step a gained seed liquor is mixed with step b solid fermentation culture medium in 1% ratio, seals after stirring,
25-28 DEG C of constant temperature static gas wave refrigerator 7-10d, after fermentation, naturally dries it or is dried, obtaining the inoculation of Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation
Body；
D. corn straw smashing is crossed 20 mesh, mixes with fowl and animal excrement, C/N about 25, water content at 50-60%, compost, if
Heap length 10 meters, wide 5 meters, heap is high 1 meter；Turning in every 3 days once, continuous compost 15-20 days；After treating that temperature of charge is down to 30 DEG C,
The Trichoderma spp. solid fermentation inoculum of inoculation step c gained, continues fermentation culture 7-10d, obtains fermented product；
E. use sulphuric acid that the dead livestock and poultry during livestock and poultry cultivation is hydrolyzed, prepare Liquid amino acid complex；
F. the amount of the ammonium sulfate added is determined according to the concrete nutrient of the fermented product of step d gained so that it is always supported after mixing
It is divided into the mixed fertilizer of 10-15%；It is simultaneously introduced the Liquid amino acid complex of 1-2%；It is sufficiently mixed, makes biological organic fertilizer.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step a, described PDA
Culture medium is peeled potatoes 200 grams, glucose 20 grams, agar powder 15 grams, adds water to 1000mL and mixes.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that Trichoderma spp. solid in step c
In fermentation inoculum, trichoderma conidium reaches 60～100 × 108Individual/g.
The preparation method of a kind of biological organic fertilizer the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step e, concentration
Being that the sulphuric acid of 5 ~ 7mol/L hydrolyzes 6 ~ 8h to the dead livestock and poultry during livestock and poultry cultivation at 90-95 DEG C, dead livestock and poultry is with described
The material ratio of sulphuric acid of 5 ~ 7mol/L be 1:1.5 ~ 1:2.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109161487A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-08 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | The special culture media and the preparation method and application thereof of raw trichoderma fungi in a kind of separation |
| IT201700082285A1 (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-19 | Linfa Scarl | Use of vegetable waste for the preparation of bioformulas based on microorganisms beneficial for agriculture |
| CN111484372A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏小瓢虫生物科技有限公司 | Compound powder for promoting early hair growth of spring tea and preparation method thereof |
| CN112746024A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-04 | 南京农业大学 | Trichoderma composite microbial agent and bio-organic fertilizer prepared from same |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT201700082285A1 (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-19 | Linfa Scarl | Use of vegetable waste for the preparation of bioformulas based on microorganisms beneficial for agriculture |
| CN109161487A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-08 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | The special culture media and the preparation method and application thereof of raw trichoderma fungi in a kind of separation |
| CN109161487B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2021-11-19 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | Special culture medium for separating endophytic trichoderma fungi and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111484372A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏小瓢虫生物科技有限公司 | Compound powder for promoting early hair growth of spring tea and preparation method thereof |
| CN112746024A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-04 | 南京农业大学 | Trichoderma composite microbial agent and bio-organic fertilizer prepared from same |
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