CN106259315A - 一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106259315A
CN106259315A CN201610642556.XA CN201610642556A CN106259315A CN 106259315 A CN106259315 A CN 106259315A CN 201610642556 A CN201610642556 A CN 201610642556A CN 106259315 A CN106259315 A CN 106259315A
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谷顺明
王乐强
韦琛鸿
居虎军
徐荣莽
秦锦云
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Anhui Guoxing Biochemistry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法。该制剂类型是水乳剂+微胶囊悬浮剂,微胶囊包含芯材和壁材,芯材为包封在微胶囊内的活性成分,择一选自以下物质:毒死蜱、马拉硫磷、吡唑醚菌酯、乙草胺,载药量以质量计为10%~30%,壁材为可生物降解高分子材料,其择一选自以下物质:聚己内酯(PCL)、聚乳酸‑羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)、聚乳酸(PVA);所述水乳剂的活性成分为未被包封在微胶囊内的芯材。本发明采用可以生物降解环保的高分子为壁材,有效的包覆疏水性农药,具有明显的缓控释效果,提高了农药的利用率,延长药物作用时间,降低了生产成本,达到减少施药次数、减轻生态环境压力的目的。

Description

一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于疏水性农药微胶囊包埋技术领域,尤其涉及一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
农业生产过程中需要对农作物进行病虫害防治工作,而施用化学农药仍是当前农业生产过程中对农作物进行病虫害防治的主要手段,然而值得注意的是,目前传统农药剂型存在两方面的严重不足:(1)由于农药有效利用率较低,持效性低,多次大量使用会造成农药滥用,对生态环境造成严重威胁;(2)常用剂型的生产过程中,有机辅料对环境造成严重污染。
为了解决传统农药剂型中存在的不足,依据液滴工程基本原理,采用溶剂提取法,通过对芯材-壁材-溶剂-抗溶剂体系的设计和对过程的简化,已经实现“一步”法制备乙草胺微胶囊和水乳剂的混合剂型,但是目前使用的疏水性农药乳油剂型,一方面制作生产成本高,产品对环境的污染大;另一方面产品利用率低,且持效性差。因此,在保证成本增幅较小的前提下,如何提高农药微胶囊制剂的利用率及持效性,且降低产品对环境的污染,具有重要的实际意义和价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有的疏水性农药乳油剂型利用率低、环境污染严重等问题,提供了一种稳定性良好、持效期长的含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法。
本发明的原理是:利用有机相溶剂与水互溶的性质,快速的相分离过程得到高分子壁材包覆疏水性农药微胶囊;未被包覆的农药,在含有表面活性剂的水溶液中分散乳化,形成疏水性农药水乳剂。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明的一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂,制剂的类型是水乳剂+微胶囊悬浮剂,微胶囊包含芯材和壁材,芯材为包封在微胶囊内的活性成分,择一选自以下物质:毒死蜱、马拉硫磷、吡唑醚菌酯、乙草胺,载药量以质量计为10%~30%,壁材为可生物降解高分子材料,其择一选自以下物质:聚己内酯(PCL)、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)、聚乳酸(PVA);所述水乳剂的活性成分为未被包封在微胶囊内的芯材。
本发明的一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂的制备方法,按以下步骤具体进行:
步骤S101、将高分子壁材溶解于丙酮中,形成有机相A,壁材的浓度为2~8wt%;
步骤S102、将芯材活性成分溶于有机相A中,其浓度为2~8wt%;
步骤S103、将表面活性剂溶于蒸馏水中,形成水相B,表面活性剂质量分数为0.5wt%~1wt%;
步骤S104、在恒温匀速搅拌下,温度恒温25℃~40℃,搅拌速度在500rpm~1500rpm,用注射器将有机相A以每秒4~6滴的速度,缓慢滴加于水相B中,有机相A与水相B的的质量比为1:5~1:10,形成乳液D;
步骤S105、持续搅拌乳液D3~6h,有机相溶剂被水快速萃取,形成相分离,高分子壁材快速固化形成微胶囊E,丙酮挥发完全,得到含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂F。
进一步改进,在步骤S103中所述的表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的一种。
进一步改进,所述的微胶囊的芯材与壁材质量比为4:1~1:4。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1)、本发明采用可以生物降解环保的高分子为壁材,有效的包覆疏水性农药,具有明显的缓控释效果,提高了农药的利用率,延长药物作用时间,降低了生产成本,达到减少施药次数、减轻生态环境压力的目的;
2)、本发明的制备方法操作简单,易于操作,大大降低了劳动强度,设备投资少,辅助添加剂少,生产成本低,市场竞争力大,适合于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
所举实施例是为了更好地对本发明的内容进行说明,但并不是本发明的内容仅限于所举实施例。所以熟悉本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容对实施方案进行非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
精确称量聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.5g及乙草胺原药0.5g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和乙草胺水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为19.2%,载药量以质量计为12.3%。
实施例2
精确称量聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.4g及乙草胺原药0.6g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和乙草胺水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为27.3%,载药量以质量计为16.8%。
实施例3
精确称量聚己内酯0.5g及毒死蜱原药0.5g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为22.4%,载药量以质量计为13.5%。
实施例4
精确称量聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.6g及毒死蜱原药0.4g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为15.2%,载药量以质量计为载药率10.4%。
实施例5
精确称量聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.5g及吡唑醚菌酯原药0.5g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后得到微胶囊悬浮剂和乙草胺水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为21.5%,载药量以质量计为13.7%。
实施例6
精确称量聚乳酸0.8g及吡唑醚菌酯原药0.2g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和吡唑醚菌酯水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为13.1%,载药量以质量计为9.7%。
实施例7
精确称量聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.2g及吡唑醚菌酯原药0.8g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和吡唑醚菌酯水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为32.3%,载药量以质量计为21.2%。
实施例8
精确称量聚己内酯0.5g及吡唑醚菌酯原药0.5g溶于9g丙酮中,即有机相A;配制50mL、1wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为水相B;使用注射器以每秒5滴的滴加速度缓慢滴加入水相B中,滴加过程中,恒温25℃并以700rpm速率搅拌;滴加完毕后,持续搅拌3~6h至丙酮挥发完全后,得到微胶囊悬浮剂和吡唑醚菌酯水乳剂的混合制剂。混合制剂的包药率为22.4%,载药量以质量计为13.3%。

Claims (4)

1.一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂,其特征在于,制剂的类型是水乳剂+微胶囊悬浮剂,微胶囊包含芯材和壁材,芯材为包封在微胶囊内的活性成分,择一选自以下物质:毒死蜱、马拉硫磷、吡唑醚菌酯、乙草胺,载药量以质量计为10%~30%,壁材为可生物降解高分子材料,其择一选自以下物质:聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚乳酸;所述水乳剂的活性成分为未被包封在微胶囊内的芯材。
2.一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,按以下步骤具体进行:
步骤S101、将高分子壁材溶解于丙酮中,形成有机相A,壁材的浓度为2~8wt%;
步骤S102、将芯材活性成分溶于有机相A中,其浓度为2~8wt%;
步骤S103、将表面活性剂溶于蒸馏水中,形成水相B,表面活性剂质量分数为0.5wt%~1wt%;
步骤S104、在恒温匀速搅拌下,温度恒温25℃~40℃,搅拌速度在500rpm~1500rpm,用注射器将有机相A以每秒4~6滴的速度,缓慢滴加于水相B中,有机相A与水相B的的质量比为1:5~1:10,形成乳液D;
步骤S105、持续搅拌乳液D3~6h,有机相溶剂被水快速萃取,形成相分离,高分子壁材快速固化形成微胶囊E,丙酮挥发完全,得到含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂F。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S103中所述的表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的芯材与壁材质量比为4:1~1:4。
CN201610642556.XA 2016-08-08 2016-08-08 一种含有微胶囊的疏水性农药制剂及其制备方法 Pending CN106259315A (zh)

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CN108684688A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-23 国家纳米科学中心 一种纳米农药组合物及其制备方法
CN110278947A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2019-09-27 山东圣鹏科技股份有限公司 一种新型农药制剂及其制备方法
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CN107439546A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-08 合肥工业大学 一种疏水性农药微胶囊剂与悬浮剂混合制剂及其制备方法
CN108684688A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-23 国家纳米科学中心 一种纳米农药组合物及其制备方法
CN110278947A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2019-09-27 山东圣鹏科技股份有限公司 一种新型农药制剂及其制备方法
KR20210039611A (ko) * 2019-10-02 2021-04-12 안호영 다중성분 폴리머 시스템을 이용한 유효성분 화합물의 나노 수준 캡슐화 제형을 포함하는 농약 조성물
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