CN106258053A - A kind of root control salt method planted between salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa - Google Patents

A kind of root control salt method planted between salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106258053A
CN106258053A CN201610611332.2A CN201610611332A CN106258053A CN 106258053 A CN106258053 A CN 106258053A CN 201610611332 A CN201610611332 A CN 201610611332A CN 106258053 A CN106258053 A CN 106258053A
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China
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soil
salt
alfalfa
semen maydis
root control
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CN201610611332.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王胜
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Shandong Sunway Garden Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong Sunway Garden Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN106258053A publication Critical patent/CN106258053A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture

Abstract

The present invention provides the root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa, and described root control salt method includes laying filter layer step, and described filter layer, including cocoanut active charcoal, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera, birch bits, Vermiculitum, sesame residues.Beneficial effects of the present invention: the root control salt method planted between the Semen Maydis of present invention offer and alfalfa has good improved effect to the physicochemical property of soil in salt-soda soil.After 3 months, under milpa, the total porosity of the soil of 10 30cm soil layers is 49% 58%, under milpa, the total porosity of the soil of 30 50cm soil layers is 48% 56%, under milpa, the soil salt content of 10 30cm soil layers is 0.15 0.21%, the soil salt content 0.16 0.22% of 30 50cm soil layers under milpa.

Description

A kind of root control salt method planted between salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa
Technical field
The present invention relates to the root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa, belong to agricultural use technology Field.
Background technology
Current China water, soil resource owning amount, only can guarantee that 500,000,000 tons of grain production capacity, can not meet far away population day The great demand that benefit increases.Meanwhile, China's energy scarcity contradiction is increasingly sharp-pointed, and biomass energy development must ensure " grain Safety " premise.The Coastal beach of nearly more than 4,000 ten thousand mu of all kinds of gross areas that China has at present is the standby soil that China is important Ground resource, Coastal beach saline-alkali soil develops and is possible not only to provide food source, also can become the important salt-tolerant plants such as the energy Production carrier.
At present, in terms of utilizing beach saline-alkali ground developing agricultural plantation, how to control crop root zone and do not gather too Many salinities, maintaining while topsoil soils salt balance saving water resource and promoting soil fertility and become restriction beach area agricultural The realistic problem of sustainable development.
For the transformation in salt-soda soil, the mankind have done many significant explorations and research, mainly have following several method: 1, Chemical amendments, i.e. adds substantial amounts of chemical substance, as Gypsum Fibrosum, ardealite, acidic materials and water-retaining agent etc. are changed to salt-soda soil Learn, to improve the effective ingredient in salt-soda soil；2, biological method, mainly by plantation alkali resistance plant, manually sets up hay Layer etc.；3, physical method, main by scarifying soil layer, change the physical arrangement of saline and alkaline layer.
The renovation technique in existing salt-soda soil controls crop root zone do not gather too many salinity and have the disadvantage in that
1, poor to the physicochemical property improved effect of soil in salt-soda soil；
2, in soil, salinity can not control very well in the range of plant suitable growth；
3, the concentration regulating effect of ion each to soil in salt-soda soil is poor.
Corn stalk is upright, the most not branch, and base portion respectively saves the raw prop root of tool gas.Sheath tool transverse vein；Tip of a leaf film quality, blade is flat Flat roomy, wire lanceolar, basal circular is ear, and without hair or tool defect pubescence, middle arteries and veins is sturdy.Caryopsis is spherical or oblate spheroid, becomes Exposing outside lepicena and bran sheet after ripe, its size produces difference with growth conditions difference.The different flower of hermaphroditism, flowering fruit bearing stage autumn. The cultivation history of China's Semen Maydis about more than 470 year.China's sown area is at about 300,000,000 mu at present, is only second to paddy and wheat, at grain Food crop occupies the 3rd, is only second to the U.S. in the world.The torrid zone, the whole world and Temperate Region in China are extensively planted, and are an important paddy Thing.
Alfalfa, root is sturdy, gos deep into soil layer, and collar is flourishing.Stem is upright, it is sleeping down to putting down to grow thickly, and four prismatics, without hair or micro- By pubescence, branch and leaf are luxuriant.Seed is avette, long 1-2.5 millimeter, smooth, yellow or brown.Eurasia and countries in the world are extensively planted Plant for feedstuff and herbage.The tender deliciousness of alfalfa stem and leaf, no matter green grass or young crops is raised, ensiling, modulation green hay, processing grass meal, for joining Close feedstuff or mixed fodder, all kinds of poultry eating, be also to raise pigs and aviculture first-selection greenfeed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the deficiency that prior art exists, it is provided that the root planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa Control salt method, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method in salt-soda soil soil physicochemical property tool There is good improved effect；
(2) present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method salinity in soil can be controlled plant In the range of plant suitable growth；
(3) present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method the concentration of ion each in planting site is had Good regulating effect；
(4) long-term cropping plant secondary is made by the root control salt method planted between the present invention provides Semen Maydis and alfalfa without any With, safety is high.
For solving above technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa, described root control salt method includes laying filter layer Step.
The following is and technique scheme is further defined that
Described filter layer, including cocoanut active charcoal, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera, birch bits, Vermiculitum, sesame residues.
Described filter layer, in parts by weight, including following components: cocoanut active charcoal 35-50 part, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera 9-15 part, Birch bits 8-13 part, Vermiculitum 8-13 part, attapulgite 17-28 part, sesame residues 6-10 part, fermentation wild goose excrement 6-10 part, sorghum hybrid sudangrass Straw 9-15 part.
The thickness of described laying filter layer is 23-30cm, and the drainage grade that filter layer is made is 1.2-1.8%.
Described root control salt method also includes excavating salt-soda soil planting site step, and planting soil digs deep 133-150cm.
Described root control salt method also includes flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching step, and irrigation quantity is 530-650m3/ hectare, and three times flood overflows After filling, chemical examination of fetching earth, when salinity reaches less than 0.23%, pH value reaches qualified when less than 7.5.
Described root control salt method also includes laying salt discharge layer step, the original soil that backfill 11-16cm is thick.
Described root control salt method also includes planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa step, plants ratio between Semen Maydis and alfalfa For 3:6.
Planting step between described Semen Maydis and alfalfa and include fertilising, use 24-30 kilogram of slow-release fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer includes carbamide Resin, iron nail vegetable powder, ammonium sulfate, ammonium superphosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, chelated copper.
Described slow-release fertilizer, in parts by weight, including following components: urea resin 0.4-1 part, iron nail vegetable powder 1.5-3.5 Part, ammonium sulfate 10-20 part, ammonium superphosphate 8-18 part, potassium chloride 5-11 part, magnesium carbonate 3-7 part, ammonium molybdate 1-3 part, chelated copper 0.8-2.5 part, gibberellins 1-3 part, Fructus Zanthoxyli extract 1-3 part, zeolite powder 15-35 part.
Use above technical scheme, the invention have the benefit that
1, the present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method in salt-soda soil soil physicochemical property tool There is good improved effect.
After 3 months, under milpa, the total porosity of the soil of 10-30cm soil layer is 49%-58%, 30-under milpa The total porosity of the soil of 50cm soil layer is 48%-56%, and under milpa, the soil salt content of 10-30cm soil layer is 0.15- 0.21%, the soil salt content 0.16-0.22% of 30-50cm soil layer under milpa.
After illustrating to use the root control salt method planted between Semen Maydis and alfalfa, soil becomes loose, salinity in soil Can control in the range of Semen Maydis suitable growth.
2, the present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method, in planting site, the concentration of each ion has Good regulating effect.
After 3 months, the soil Na of 10-30cm soil layer under milpa+Content be 0.60-0.67g/kg, milpa The soil Na of lower 30-50cm soil layer+Content 0.59-0.65g/kg, the soil Cl of 10-30cm soil layer under milpa-Content 0.72-0.80g/kg, the soil Cl of 30-50cm soil layer under milpa-Content 0.74-0.82g/kg, greatly reduce salt Divide the accumulation in soil.
3, Semen Maydis, Medicago sativa are made by the root control salt method planted between Semen Maydis of the present invention and alfalfa without any pair With, safety is high, compares other control salt methods, and Semen Maydis and alfalfa survival rate are higher, and Semen Maydis per mu yield is improved, pale reddish brown Alfalfa per mu yield is improved.Survival rate 97.2%-98.5% of Semen Maydis, Semen Maydis per mu yield improve 15%-22%, alfalfa Survival rate 98.0%-99.2%, Alfalfa per mu yield improve 19%-25%.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
The root control salt method planted between 1 one kinds of salt-soda soil Semen Maydiss of embodiment and alfalfa
The selection in step 1 salt-soda soil
In the salt-soda soil selected, the total porosity of soil 0-50cm soil layer is 28-39%, and the pH value of soil is 8.1-8.7, soil Salinity is 0.42-0.51%, and the unit weight of soil is 1.34-1.47g/cm3, in soil, noncapillary poropsity is 1.27-1.38%, Cl-Content be 2.21-2.53g/kg, Na+Content be 1.15-1.32g/kg.
Step 2 excavates salt-soda soil planting site
Planting soil digs deep 133cm, and bottom is compacted, and antiseepage film is laid in bottom, around makees waterproof retaining wall.
Step 3 lays salt discharge layer
Burying hidden pipe bottom the planting site excavated underground, hidden pipe uses diameter 110PVC punching corrugated tube, and outsourcing sand filtering material thickness is not Less than 8 centimetres, ratio fall 0.5 ‰, longitudinal pitch is 6 meters；Collector pipe uses diameter 200PVC punching corrugated tube, and horizontal spacing is 400 meters, than fall 2 ‰；At transversely hidden pipe, setting up an inspection shaft, inspection shaft diameter 1 meter every 200 meters, each inspection shaft leads to Crossing collector pipe and be connected to sump, sump specification is 2.5 meters × 2 meters × 3.5 meters, and installing submersible pump in well, if automatically controlling Dress, after water level reaches to a certain degree, the automatic water lift of immersible pump, then thick for backfill 11cm original soil.
Step 4 lays filter layer
Laying the thick filter layer of 23cm on salt discharge layer, for keeping soil to have good drainage water penetration, filter layer should Make the drainage grade of 1.2%, and to the inclined position of salt discharging pipe.
Described filter layer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
8 parts of cocoanut active charcoal 35 parts, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera 9 parts, birch bits, Vermiculitum 8 parts, attapulgite 17 parts, sesame residues 6 parts, fermentation 6 parts of wild goose excrement, sorghum hybrid sudangrass straw 9 parts.
During use, by each raw material components mix homogeneously.
Step 5 backfills original soil
The thick Caulis et Folium Oryzae of 5cm is laid, it is desirable to after bedding terminates, expose phenomenon, and grass layer thickness without stone layer on the top of filter layer Uniformly, original soil is then backfilled.
During backfill original soil, excavator, it is noted that put down gently, first spreads the soil layer of 20cm-25cm, by straw layer gland, it is ensured that antiseepage Layer intact, be further continued for backfilling, until fill stratum exceeds pool wall about 5-8cm.
The step 6 flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
Soil after backfill is carried out whole furrow, smooth in keeping furrow, at upper applying fertilizer and soil conditioner, enter the most continuously Three broad irrigation of row, carry out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and time interval is dry for mark of pouring water next time with earth's surface, and irrigation quantity is 530-650m3/ Hectare, after three times broad irrigation, chemical examination of fetching earth, when salinity reaches less than 0.23%, and pH value reaches less than 7.5, it is considered as closing Lattice.
Plant between step 7 Semen Maydis and alfalfa
Maize planting and alfalfa in same growing area, plant between using rationally；Ratio of planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa is 3:6, i.e. plants and plants 6 row alfalfas between 3 row Semen Maydiss, and Semen Maydis is planted in same furrow with alfalfa.
A, maize planting
Sowing time, too early, temperature was on the low side in sowing, and the seeding stage extends in the last ten-days period in April, dead Seedling, rotten kind easily occurred, it is impossible to one broadcasts Full stand, program request every cave 2-3 grain, every mu with kind of a 2.5-3kg, line-spacing 40-50cm, about spacing in the rows 35cm, every mu of planting stock 3500- 4000 strains, general grasp the most very little, shallow do not reveal seed, in deep placement to the soil layer away from 10-12 centimetre of earth's surface.
B, plantation alfalfa
Select the last ten-days period in April sowing time, use the mode of drilling to be 1.5-2 kg/acre in Semen Maydis medium sowing, application rate, sowing The degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre.
C, fertilising
Between plant in process of crop growth and want application in time, plant in the whole trophophase of crop every mu between pair and use 24 kilograms of slow release altogether Fertile.
Described slow-release fertilizer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
Urea resin 0.4 part, iron nail vegetable powder 1.5 parts, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, ammonium superphosphate 8 parts, 5 parts of potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate 3 parts, molybdenum Acid ammonium 1 part, chelated copper 0.8 part, gibberellins 1 part, Fructus Zanthoxyli extract 1 part, zeolite powder 15 parts.
In described Fructus Zanthoxyli extract limonene content be 19%, myrcene content be 11%.
The simple preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release fertilizer:
By the most levigate for the composition of each in addition to urea resin in slow-release fertilizer, it be uniformly mixed, then wrap with urea resin Film, obtains slow-release fertilizer.
D, irrigation
It is noted that carry out, according to the degree of drought in soil, irrigation of watering in time in the trophophase of crop, it is less than by salinity 0.08%, soil is irrigated by the Ph value water less than 8.0.
E, gather
Gathering of alfalfa: initial bloom stage cradles as best period, can cradle for 1 year 2～4 times, and many persons can cradle 5～6 times, stays Raft height is preferably 3-5 centimetre.
Semen Maydis is gathered: can disposably gather after Semen Maydis maturation in the last ten-days period in August.
The root control salt method planted between 2 one kinds of salt-soda soil Semen Maydiss of embodiment and alfalfa
The selection in step 1 salt-soda soil
In the salt-soda soil selected, the total porosity of soil 0-50cm soil layer is 28-39%, and the pH value of soil is 8.1-8.7, soil Salinity is 0.42-0.51%, and the unit weight of soil is 1.34-1.47g/cm3, in soil, noncapillary poropsity is 1.27-1.38%, Cl-Content be 2.21-2.53g/kg, Na+Content be 1.15-1.32g/kg.
Step 2 excavates salt-soda soil planting site
Planting soil digs deep 141cm, and bottom is compacted, and antiseepage film is laid in bottom, around makees waterproof retaining wall.
Step 3 lays salt discharge layer
Burying hidden pipe bottom the planting site excavated underground, hidden pipe uses diameter 110PVC punching corrugated tube, and outsourcing sand filtering material thickness is not Less than 8 centimetres, ratio fall 0.5 ‰, longitudinal pitch is 6 meters；Collector pipe uses diameter 200PVC punching corrugated tube, and horizontal spacing is 400 meters, than fall 2 ‰；At transversely hidden pipe, setting up an inspection shaft, inspection shaft diameter 1 meter every 200 meters, each inspection shaft leads to Crossing collector pipe and be connected to sump, sump specification is 2.5 meters × 2 meters × 3.5 meters, and installing submersible pump in well, if automatically controlling Dress, after water level reaches to a certain degree, the automatic water lift of immersible pump, then thick for backfill 13cm original soil.
Step 4 lays filter layer
Laying the thick filter layer of 26cm on salt discharge layer, for keeping soil to have good drainage water penetration, filter layer should Make the drainage grade of 1.5%, and to the inclined position of salt discharging pipe.
Described filter layer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
10 parts of cocoanut active charcoal 42 parts, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera 12 parts, birch bits, Vermiculitum 10 parts, attapulgite 22 parts, sesame residues 8 part, 8 parts of ferment wild goose excrement, sorghum hybrid sudangrass straw 12 parts.
During use, by each raw material components mix homogeneously.
Step 5 backfills original soil
The thick Caulis et Folium Oryzae of 5cm is laid, it is desirable to after bedding terminates, expose phenomenon, and grass layer thickness without stone layer on the top of filter layer Uniformly, original soil is then backfilled.
During backfill original soil, excavator, it is noted that put down gently, first spreads the soil layer of 20cm-25cm, by straw layer gland, it is ensured that antiseepage Layer intact, be further continued for backfilling, until fill stratum exceeds pool wall about 5-8cm.
The step 6 flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
Soil after backfill is carried out whole furrow, smooth in keeping furrow, at upper applying fertilizer and soil conditioner, enter the most continuously Three broad irrigation of row, carry out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and time interval is dry for mark of pouring water next time with earth's surface, and irrigation quantity is 530-650m3/ Hectare, after three times broad irrigation, chemical examination of fetching earth, when salinity reaches less than 0.23%, and pH value reaches less than 7.5, it is considered as closing Lattice.
Plant between step 7 Semen Maydis and alfalfa
Maize planting and alfalfa in same growing area, plant between using rationally；Ratio of planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa is 3:6, i.e. plants and plants 6 row alfalfas between 3 row Semen Maydiss, and Semen Maydis is planted in same furrow with alfalfa.
A, maize planting
Sowing time, too early, temperature was on the low side in sowing, and the seeding stage extends in the last ten-days period in April, dead Seedling, rotten kind easily occurred, it is impossible to one broadcasts Full stand, program request every cave 2-3 grain, every mu with kind of a 2.5-3kg, line-spacing 40-50cm, about spacing in the rows 35cm, every mu of planting stock 3500- 4000 strains, general grasp the most very little, shallow do not reveal seed, in deep placement to the soil layer away from 10-12 centimetre of earth's surface.
B, plantation alfalfa
Select the last ten-days period in April sowing time, use the mode of drilling to be 1.5-2 kg/acre in Semen Maydis medium sowing, application rate, sowing The degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre.
C, fertilising
Between plant in process of crop growth and want application in time, plant in the whole trophophase of crop every mu between pair and use 27 kilograms of slow release altogether Fertile.
Described slow-release fertilizer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
Urea resin 0.7 part, iron nail vegetable powder 2.5 parts, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, ammonium superphosphate 13 parts, 8 parts of potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate 5 parts, Ammonium molybdate 2 parts, chelated copper 1.7 parts, gibberellins 2 parts, Fructus Zanthoxyli extract 2 parts, zeolite powder 25 parts.
In described Fructus Zanthoxyli extract limonene content be 19%, myrcene content be 11%.
The simple preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release fertilizer:
By the most levigate for the composition of each in addition to urea resin in slow-release fertilizer, it be uniformly mixed, then wrap with urea resin Film, obtains slow-release fertilizer.
D, irrigation
It is noted that carry out, according to the degree of drought in soil, irrigation of watering in time in the trophophase of crop, it is less than by salinity 0.08%, soil is irrigated by the Ph value water less than 8.0.
E, gather
Gathering of alfalfa: initial bloom stage cradles as best period, can cradle for 1 year 2～4 times, and many persons can cradle 5～6 times, stays Raft height is preferably 3-5 centimetre.
Semen Maydis is gathered: can disposably gather after Semen Maydis maturation in the last ten-days period in August.
The root control salt method planted between 3 one kinds of salt-soda soil Semen Maydiss of embodiment and alfalfa
The selection in step 1 salt-soda soil
In the salt-soda soil selected, the total porosity of soil 0-50cm soil layer is 28-39%, and the pH value of soil is 8.1-8.7, soil Salinity is 0.42-0.51%, and the unit weight of soil is 1.34-1.47g/cm3, in soil, noncapillary poropsity is 1.27-1.38%, Cl-Content be 2.21-2.53g/kg, Na+Content be 1.15-1.32g/kg.
Step 2 excavates salt-soda soil planting site
Planting soil digs deep 150cm, and bottom is compacted, and antiseepage film is laid in bottom, around makees waterproof retaining wall.
Step 3 lays salt discharge layer
Burying hidden pipe bottom the planting site excavated underground, hidden pipe uses diameter 110PVC punching corrugated tube, and outsourcing sand filtering material thickness is not Less than 8 centimetres, ratio fall 0.5 ‰, longitudinal pitch is 6 meters；Collector pipe uses diameter 200PVC punching corrugated tube, and horizontal spacing is 400 meters, than fall 2 ‰；At transversely hidden pipe, setting up an inspection shaft, inspection shaft diameter 1 meter every 200 meters, each inspection shaft leads to Crossing collector pipe and be connected to sump, sump specification is 2.5 meters × 2 meters × 3.5 meters, and installing submersible pump in well, if automatically controlling Dress, after water level reaches to a certain degree, the automatic water lift of immersible pump, then thick for backfill 16cm original soil.
Step 4 lays filter layer
Laying the thick filter layer of 30cm on salt discharge layer, for keeping soil to have good drainage water penetration, filter layer should Make the drainage grade of 1.8%, and to the inclined position of salt discharging pipe.
Described filter layer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
Cocoanut active charcoal 50 parts, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera 15 parts, birch consider to be worth doing 13 parts, Vermiculitum 13 parts, attapulgite 28 parts, sesame residues 10 parts, Fermentation 10 parts of wild goose excrement, sorghum hybrid sudangrass straw 15 parts.
During use, by each raw material components mix homogeneously.
Step 5 backfills original soil
The thick Caulis et Folium Oryzae of 5cm is laid, it is desirable to after bedding terminates, expose phenomenon, and grass layer thickness without stone layer on the top of filter layer Uniformly, original soil is then backfilled.
During backfill original soil, excavator, it is noted that put down gently, first spreads the soil layer of 20cm-25cm, by straw layer gland, it is ensured that antiseepage Layer intact, be further continued for backfilling, until fill stratum exceeds pool wall about 5-8cm.
The step 6 flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
Soil after backfill is carried out whole furrow, smooth in keeping furrow, at upper applying fertilizer and soil conditioner, enter the most continuously Three broad irrigation of row, carry out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and time interval is dry for mark of pouring water next time with earth's surface, and irrigation quantity is 530-650m3/ Hectare, after three times broad irrigation, chemical examination of fetching earth, when salinity reaches less than 0.23%, and pH value reaches less than 7.5, it is considered as closing Lattice.
Plant between step 7 Semen Maydis and alfalfa
Maize planting and alfalfa in same growing area, plant between using rationally；Ratio of planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa is 3:6, i.e. plants and plants 6 row alfalfas between 3 row Semen Maydiss, and Semen Maydis is planted in same furrow with alfalfa.
A, maize planting
Sowing time, too early, temperature was on the low side in sowing, and the seeding stage extends in the last ten-days period in April, dead Seedling, rotten kind easily occurred, it is impossible to one broadcasts Full stand, program request every cave 2-3 grain, every mu with kind of a 2.5-3kg, line-spacing 40-50cm, about spacing in the rows 35cm, every mu of planting stock 3500- 4000 strains, general grasp the most very little, shallow do not reveal seed, in deep placement to the soil layer away from 10-12 centimetre of earth's surface.
B, plantation alfalfa
Select the last ten-days period in April sowing time, use the mode of drilling to be 1.5-2 kg/acre in Semen Maydis medium sowing, application rate, sowing The degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre.
C, fertilising
Between plant in process of crop growth and want application in time, plant in the whole trophophase of crop every mu between pair and use 30 kilograms of slow release altogether Fertile.
Described slow-release fertilizer, the mass percent of each raw material components is:
Urea resin 1 part, iron nail vegetable powder 3.5 parts, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, ammonium superphosphate 18 parts, 11 parts of potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate 7 parts, molybdenum Acid ammonium 3 parts, chelated copper 2.5 parts, gibberellins 3 parts, Fructus Zanthoxyli extract 3 parts, zeolite powder 35 parts.
In described Fructus Zanthoxyli extract limonene content be 19%, myrcene content be 11%.
The simple preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release fertilizer:
By the most levigate for the composition of each in addition to urea resin in slow-release fertilizer, it be uniformly mixed, then wrap with urea resin Film, obtains slow-release fertilizer.
D, irrigation
It is noted that carry out, according to the degree of drought in soil, irrigation of watering in time in the trophophase of crop, it is less than by salinity 0.08%, soil is irrigated by the Ph value water less than 8.0.
E, gather
Gathering of alfalfa: initial bloom stage cradles as best period, can cradle for 1 year 2～4 times, and many persons can cradle 5～6 times, stays Raft height is preferably 3-5 centimetre.
Semen Maydis is gathered: can disposably gather after Semen Maydis maturation in the last ten-days period in August.
Result of the test:
(1) present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method in salt-soda soil soil physicochemical property tool There is good improved effect.
After 3 months, under milpa, the total porosity of the soil of 10-30cm soil layer is 49%-58%, 30-under milpa The total porosity of the soil of 50cm soil layer is 48%-56%, and under milpa, the soil salt content of 10-30cm soil layer is 0.15- 0.21%, the soil salt content 0.16-0.22% of 30-50cm soil layer under milpa.
After illustrating to use the root control salt method planted between Semen Maydis and alfalfa, soil becomes loose, salinity in soil Can control in the range of Semen Maydis suitable growth.
The root control salt method planted between the Semen Maydis of table 1 present invention offer and alfalfa is to the physics and chemistry of soil in salt-soda soil The improved effect of character
(2) present invention provide Semen Maydis and alfalfa between plant root control salt method, in planting site, the concentration of each ion has good Good regulating effect.
After 3 months, the soil Na of 10-30cm soil layer under milpa+Content be 0.60-0.67g/kg, milpa The soil Na of lower 30-50cm soil layer+Content 0.59-0.65g/kg, the soil Cl of 10-30cm soil layer under milpa-Contain Amount 0.72-0.80g/kg, the soil Cl of 30-50cm soil layer under milpa-Content 0.74-0.82g/kg, greatly reduce Salinity accumulation in soil, specific targets are shown in Table 2.
The concentration of the ion in corn planting ground after the control salt method use of the filter layer that table 2 present invention provides
(3) the root control salt method planted between Semen Maydis of the present invention and alfalfa is without any side effects to Semen Maydis, Medicago sativa, Safety is high, compares other control salt methods, and Semen Maydis and alfalfa survival rate are higher, and Semen Maydis per mu yield is improved, pale reddish brown lucerne Mu grass per mu yield is improved.Survival rate 97.2%-98.5% of Semen Maydis, Semen Maydis per mu yield improve 15%-22%, alfalfa Survival rate 98.0%-99.2%, Alfalfa per mu yield improve 19%-25%, are specifically shown in Table 3.
The survival rate of table 3 Semen Maydis, Semen Maydis per mu yield increment, the survival rate of alfalfa and Alfalfa per mu yield Increment
Finally it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention, although Being described in detail the present invention with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be right Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments is modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.All Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in the protection of the present invention Within the scope of.

Claims (10)

1. the root control salt method planted between a salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa, it is characterised in that: described root control salt method Including laying filter layer step.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described filter layer, including cocoanut active charcoal, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera, birch bits, Vermiculitum, sesame residues.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described filter layer, in parts by weight, including following components: cocoanut active charcoal 35-50 part, bark of Pterocarya Stenoptera 9-15 part, birch Bits 8-13 part, Vermiculitum 8-13 part, attapulgite 17-28 part, sesame residues 6-10 part, fermentation wild goose excrement 6-10 part, sorghum hybrid sudangrass straw 9-15 part.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: the thickness of described laying filter layer is 23-30cm, and the drainage grade that filter layer is made is 1.2-1.8%.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described root control salt method also includes excavating salt-soda soil planting site step, and planting soil digs deep 133-150cm.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described root control salt method also includes flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching step, and irrigation quantity is 530-650m3/ hectare, after three times broad irrigation, Fetching earth chemical examination, when salinity reaches less than 0.23%, pH value reaches qualified when less than 7.5.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described root control salt method also includes laying salt discharge layer step, the original soil that backfill 11-16cm is thick.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 1 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described root control salt method also includes planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa step, and ratio of planting between Semen Maydis and alfalfa is 3: 6。
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 8 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: between described Semen Maydis and alfalfa plant step include fertilising, use 24-30 kilogram of slow-release fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer include urea resin, Iron nail vegetable powder, ammonium sulfate, ammonium superphosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate, ammonium molybdate, chelated copper.
The root control salt method planted between a kind of salt-soda soil Semen Maydis the most according to claim 9 and alfalfa, its feature exists In: described slow-release fertilizer, in parts by weight, including following components: urea resin 0.4-1 part, iron nail vegetable powder 1.5-3.5 part, sulphuric acid Ammonium 10-20 part, ammonium superphosphate 8-18 part, potassium chloride 5-11 part, magnesium carbonate 3-7 part, ammonium molybdate 1-3 part, chelated copper 0.8-2.5 Part, gibberellins 1-3 part, Fructus Zanthoxyli extract 1-3 part, zeolite powder 15-35 part.
CN201610611332.2A 2016-07-30 2016-07-30 A kind of root control salt method planted between salt-soda soil Semen Maydis and alfalfa Withdrawn CN106258053A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106982634A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-07-28 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn
CN109661966A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-04-23 山东农业大学 A kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106982634A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-07-28 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn
CN109661966A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-04-23 山东农业大学 A kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods
CN109661966B (en) * 2019-03-04 2021-04-13 山东农业大学 Saline-alkali soil forest and shrub symbiotic planting method

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