CN109661966A - A kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN109661966A CN109661966A CN201910161611.7A CN201910161611A CN109661966A CN 109661966 A CN109661966 A CN 109661966A CN 201910161611 A CN201910161611 A CN 201910161611A CN 109661966 A CN109661966 A CN 109661966A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017585 alfalfa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017587 alfalfa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000005824 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000005781 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002195 synergetic Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000001124 Crataegus laevigata Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013175 Crataegus laevigata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002730 additional Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002057 Secale cereale Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010043431 Thinking abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods, specifically includes the following steps: excavating salt discharge ditch according to the saline and alkaline degree in plantation plot, the width of salt discharge ditch is that plantation plot width is 1/8~1/2, based on local fast-growing arbor, shrub, introduce the economic shrub for being suitble to the Huanghe delta, according on the alternate plot being planted between salt discharge ditch of the sequence of fast-growing arbor-economic shrub mixed forest belt, forage grass growth belt, it is fast-growing arbor, economic shrub mixed forest belt close to salt discharge ditch, forage grass growth belt fills between mixed forest belt two tall.Implantation methods of the invention combine the superior resources in local suitable salt-soda soil with plant introduction resource, synergistic, improve the yield of woods shrub.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vegetation implantation methods technical fields of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta, and in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil woods
Shrub symbiosis implantation methods.
Background technique
The Huanghe delta is located at Deposits in Eastern Coastal China monsoon area prevailing, and 11.7~12.6 DEG C of many years temperature on average, precipitation
530~630mm, 1750~2430mm of evaporation capacity, atmospheric evaporation can be such that soil moisture vaporizes, and promote the recharge of ground water soil water,
The dynamic condition moved upwards as soil water-stable aggregates.It steams drop ratio and reaches 3.5 or so in the Huanghe delta.The ratio of evaporation capacity and precipitation
Value be greater than 1 when, illustrate that the hollow billet ascending motion of the soil water has been more than the movement of gravity downlink water flow, in soil and underground water can
Dissolubility salt rises with water flow to be evaporated, and is concentrated, is accumulated on earth's surface.
The Huanghe delta is that silt product sludging forms sediment to be formed, and it includes salt and alkali component that the Yellow River, which inherently has a large amount of silt,
In addition the Huanghe delta is that Yellow River mud deposits to be formed, and has buried the shallow-layer diving of sea-water type, most of shallow undergrounds mostly
Water is the salt water or brine of high mineralization.Since topography is low flat, top drainage is unsmooth, and interflow subsurface drainage is slow, and level of ground water is buried shallowly,
It is influenced by violent evaporation, salt accumulation in soil causes the salinization of soil serious.Further, since water resource is serious using waste, fill light again
Row, irrational utilization water resource lead to the raising of groundwater level, and groundwater level is excessively high to exacerbate region again in turn
The deterioration process of salinization of soil.
The ameliorative measure method in salt-soda soil includes: hydraulic engineering measure, agrotechnical measure, biological control measure in the prior art
With chemical measure.Wherein the main purpose of hydraulic engineering measure is to solve the problems, such as draining and lowering of watertable, main side
Method is that level land encloses low bank between fields, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, draws fishing under yellow warping, hidden pipe salt discharge, gutter drainage, upper grain, interlayer hinders salt etc..Agricultural technology
Measure is the moisture and salt regime dynamic and soil water evaporation by adjusting alkaline land soil, reduces salinity and moves up and reduce crop and plough
Make layer soil salt content, improve the important measures of crop normal growth production, agrotechnical measure, which mainly has, mixes sand and change salt, deep ploughing
It ploughs deeply, straw-returning, applying organic manure, covering with ground sheeting etc..Biological modification measure, which refers to, plants anti-Soiline-alkali plants, benefit in salt-soda soil
Under the carbon dioxide point for improving root system with the respiration and organic matter decomposition of salt-tolerant plant root system, and root system of plant is combined to discharge
H+Calcium carbonate is dissolved, with calcium ion displacement sodium ion, to be absorbed by salt-tolerant plant.Chemical measure is to use in the soil
Chemical improvement agent adjusts the exchangeable sodium ion in soil colloid using acid-base neutralization principle, to improve the physicochemical character of soil
And biological character, achieve the effect that improvement.
The generally existing measure of the ameliorative measure in current salt-soda soil is relatively simple, and improved effect is not good enough, well will not
The ameliorative measure in the characteristics of salt-soda soil and later period effectively cooperates.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis plantation sides
Method provides a kind of suitable Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta vegetation planting patterns, and locality is suitble to the superior resources in salt-soda soil and is drawn
Into plant resources combine, it is synergistic, improve the yield of woods shrub.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods, specifically includes the following steps:
Salt discharge ditch is excavated according to the saline and alkaline degree in plantation plot, it is 1/8 that the width of salt discharge ditch, which generally plants plot width,
~1/2, plantation the saline and alkaline degree in plot it is higher, ditch ratio it is higher, saline and alkaline degree be 2 ‰ -3 ‰ when, preferably salt discharge furrow width 3m-4m,
Depth is 1.5m-1.8m, and the plot for being 20m-30m wide between two salt discharge ditches is introduced based on local fast-growing arbor, shrub
It is suitble to the economic shrub of the Huanghe delta, according to fast-growing arbor-economic shrub mixed forest belt, alternate kind of sequence of forage grass growth belt
It is implanted on the plot between salt discharge ditch, is fast-growing arbor, economic shrub mixed forest belt close to salt discharge ditch, forage grass growth belt is two
Between a tall filling mixed forest belt.The salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis plantation total bandwidth is 5.1-9.5m.
The fast-growing arbor, economic shrub mixed forest belt, fast-growing arbor are planted between two parties, and economic shrub is in fast-growing arbor two sides
Plant 1 row；Arbor spacing in the rows 2-5m；Economic bushes are away from 0.5-2m；Fast-growing arbor and adjacent economic shrub spacing 0.50-
1.0m, preferably 0.8m.
The forage grass growth belt can be perennial alfalfa cultivation band and Wheat Maize growth belt, and wherein two sides are close to tall
Filling mixed forest belt is alfalfa cultivation band, and centre is Wheat Maize growth belt.Clover and shrub interval 0.5-1.0m.Wheat Species
Band line-spacing 0.15m is planted, 10-15 row, wheat planting band and alfalfa cultivation band spacing 0.4m are planted according to width；Two sides alfalfa cultivation
With various 3-5 rows, line-spacing 0.4m plants 5~10 rows according to width.After harvesting wheat, 4 row corns are sowed in arrish band,
Corn spacing 0.6m, corn planting belt and alfalfa cultivation band line-spacing 0.7m.
Preferred: the economic shrub is white thorn, fructus lycii.
It is preferred: forage grass growth belt the bandwidth 4.1m or 6.1m.
Preferred: the wheat can be triticale or rye grass.
Preferred: the forage grass growth belt is also an option that wheat, peanut crop rotation, wheat, short sorghum crop rotation, wheat, jade
Rice crop rotation, makees, triticale, peanut crop rotation, triticale, short sorghum crop rotation or small between corn and peanut, sorghum of short stem and millet
Rye, Corn Rotation System, wherein wheat line-spacing 20cm, seeding method are machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Triticale line-spacing
20cm, seeding method are machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Peanut line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 0.2m, seeding method is artificial point
Short sorghum line-spacing 0.6m is broadcast, seeding method is artificial water furrow planting, application rate 15kg/hm2；Row spacing of maize 0.6m, sowing side
Formula is machine sowing, and thickness of sowing is 67500 plants of hm-2。
It is preferred: to deep-cut soil 100cm, wide 40cm before the arbor plantation, then cover barrier layer, barrier layer is using broken
Then the mixture of sawdust or straw dust plants a line arbor.
It is preferred: to deep-cut 60cm before the shrub plantation, then cover barrier layer, barrier layer is considered to be worth doing using wood fragments or stalk wood
Then the mixture of bits plants a line shrub.
Preferred: the forage grass growth belt uses stalk mixing organic fertilizer chopping and returning, turned over after first rotary tillage (it is preferred:
Rotary tillage 15cm, turns over 35-40cm), forming salt barrier layer；The black black and white color matching mulch in white both sides among ground mulching.
The utility model has the advantages that
Implantation methods of the invention can be such that the yield of woods shrub greatly improves, small by making between fast-growing tree and shrubs
Make between wheat and clover, wherein alfalfa output improves 100kg or more per acre, and salt-soda soil salt content declines till now from original 3%
2% hereinafter, investigation shows: after taking this mode, fast-growing woods exists to create condition for the growth of fast-growing woods
Local area coverage improves 15 percentage points, every year newly-increased 1000 yuan per acre of economic benefit, and also creates huge
Environmental benefit.
Based on local fast-growing arbor, the white thorn of shrub, the economic shrub for being suitble to the Huanghe delta is introduced, by excavating salt discharge
Ditch forms salt discharge plot between two salt discharge ditches, deep-cuts soil before arbor plantation, probably in depth descend 100cm, wide
40cm, using excavator operation.Then barrier layer is covered, barrier layer is considered to be worth doing using wood fragments or the mixture of straw dust, then plants
Plant a line arbor.Same way is taken simultaneously, is dug depth 60cm kind and is planted a line shrub, so alternately.Pass through salt discharge ditch and adds
After entering barrier layer, salt alkali content can be significantly controlled, local salt alkali content is made to decline 0.5-1.0 percentage points.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the setting relation between alkaline land soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching system salt discharge ditch shown in embodiment and plantation plot
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of salt discharge ditch；
Fig. 3 is woods shrub symbiosis field planting schematic diagram；
Wherein: 1. kinds of plant plot, 2. salt discharge ditches, 3. water ponds, 4. columns, 5. water pumps, 6. water outlets, 7. drip irrigation pipes, 8.
Water-supply-pipe, 9. anti-dropping films.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all
Other embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods, specifically includes the following steps:
Salt discharge ditch 2 is excavated according to the saline and alkaline degree in plantation plot 1, the width of salt discharge ditch 2, which is generally, plants 1 width of plot
1/8~1/2, plantation the saline and alkaline degree in plot 1 it is higher, ditch ratio it is higher, saline and alkaline degree be 2 ‰ -3 ‰ when, preferably salt discharge ditch 2 is wide
3m-4m, depth 1.5m-1.8m are the plot of 20m-30m wide between two salt discharge ditches, are with local fast-growing arbor, shrub
It is main, introduce the economic shrub for being suitble to the Huanghe delta, according to fast-growing arbor-economic shrub mixed forest belt, forage grass growth belt it is suitable
It is fast-growing arbor, economic shrub mixed forest close to salt discharge ditch 2 on the alternate plantation plot 1 being planted between salt discharge ditch 2 of sequence
Band, forage grass growth belt fill between mixed forest belt two tall.Total bandwidth is planted in the preferred salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis
5.1-9.5m。
The fast-growing arbor-economic shrub mixed forest belt, fast-growing arbor are planted between two parties, and economic shrub is in fast-growing arbor two sides
Plant 1 row；Arbor spacing in the rows 2-5m；Economic bushes are away from 0.5-2m；Fast-growing arbor and adjacent economic shrub spacing 0.50-
1.0m, preferably 0.8m.
The forage grass growth belt can be perennial alfalfa cultivation band and Wheat Maize growth belt, and wherein two sides are close to tall
Filling mixed forest belt is alfalfa cultivation band, and centre is Wheat Maize growth belt.Clover and shrub interval 0.5-1.0m.Wheat Species
Band line-spacing 0.15m is planted, 10-15 row, wheat planting band and alfalfa cultivation band spacing 0.4m are planted according to width；Two sides alfalfa cultivation
With various 3-5 rows, line-spacing 0.4m plants 5~10 rows according to width.After harvesting wheat, 4 row corns are sowed in arrish band,
Corn spacing 0.6m, corn planting belt and alfalfa cultivation band line-spacing 0.7m.
Preferred: the economic shrub is white thorn, fructus lycii.
It is preferred: forage grass growth belt the bandwidth 4.1m or 6.1m.
Preferred: the wheat can be triticale or rye grass.
Preferred: the forage grass growth belt is also an option that wheat, peanut crop rotation, wheat, short sorghum crop rotation, wheat, jade
Rice crop rotation, makees, triticale, peanut crop rotation, triticale, short sorghum crop rotation or small between corn and peanut, sorghum of short stem and millet
Rye, Corn Rotation System, wherein wheat line-spacing 20cm, seeding method are machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Triticale line-spacing
20cm, seeding method are machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Peanut line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 0.2m, seeding method is artificial point
It broadcasts, short sorghum line-spacing 0.6m, seeding method is artificial water furrow planting, application rate 15kg/hm2；Row spacing of maize 0.6m, sowing side
Formula is machine sowing, and thickness of sowing is 67500 plants of hm-2。
It is preferred: to deep-cut soil 100cm, wide 40cm before the arbor plantation, then cover barrier layer, barrier layer is using broken
Then the mixture of sawdust or straw dust plants a line arbor.
It is preferred: to deep-cut 60cm before the shrub plantation, then cover barrier layer, barrier layer is considered to be worth doing using wood fragments or stalk wood
Then the mixture of bits plants a line shrub.
Preferred: the forage grass growth belt uses stalk mixing organic fertilizer chopping and returning, and crosses the sieve of 4 mesh, and returning to the field is deep
40cm is spent, (preferred: rotary tillage 15cm turns over 35-40cm), forming salt barrier layer are turned over after first rotary tillage；It is white among ground mulching
The black black and white color matching mulch in both sides.
It is preferred: the setting method of the salt discharge ditch, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) salt discharge ditch 2 is dug in plantation 1 two sides of plot, the width of the salt discharge ditch 2 is plant 1 width of plot 1/8~1/
2；
(2) large trough engaged therewith is arranged in 2 bottom of salt discharge ditch, sets up fresh water water pond along the large trough side
3,3 upper end opening of fresh water water pond, surrounding and low side are closed, and column 4 is arranged in 3 both ends of fresh water water pond, described vertical
Sulculus is arranged in 4 top of column, and the height in fresh water water pond 3 is lower than the height of sulculus, water pump is arranged in fresh water water pond 3
5, the water outlet 6 of the water pump 5 is connect with the drip irrigation pipe 7 that the plantation plot 1 is arranged in by water-supply-pipe 8；
It is preferred: the application method of the salt discharge ditch 2, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the 1 broad irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of plot will be planted, and fresh water will be injected in fresh water water pond 3, then by salt discharge ditch 2
Top is laid with anti-dropping film 9, and for the anti-dropping film 9 to lower recess, angle is 15 ° -30 °, the recess least significant end of the anti-dropping film 9 with it is light
The position in water water pond 3 is corresponding, and the anti-dropping film 3 is fixed on the sulculus that (fixed form can be bonding, or pass through
Rope or iron wire bundled fixed are together), so that anti-dropping film 3 is tensed；
(2) after broad irrigation, the water for rinsing plantation plot 1 is flowed in salt discharge ditch 2, and starting setting is deposited in the fresh water
Water pump 5 in pond 3 continues to carry out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching to plantation plot 1 by drip irrigation pipe 7, and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching while prevents salinity to move up, and leads to
Pervaporation acts on the salt water evaporation that will be collected in salt discharge ditch 2, and the fresh water after evaporation collects on anti-dropping film 9 and flows into fresh water water
In pond 3, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching for enabling the system that can also be continuously circulated after broad irrigation for a period of time, and prevents moving up for salinity.
This method in operation, first will can also be stored in enough pure water in fresh water water pond 3, directly deposit from fresh water
It draws water in pond 3 and flood irrigation processing is carried out to plantation plot.
Preferred: the recess of the anti-dropping film 9 is located at the middle position of the anti-dropping film 9.
Preferred: heating wire is arranged in the bottom of the large trough, for accelerating the evaporation of salt water.
It is preferred: the surface coating either stalks mulching in the plantation plot 1, for preventing the evaporation of moisture.
Preferred: solar panel is arranged in the plantation plot 1, provides electric energy for water pump and heating wire.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods, it is characterized in that: specifically includes the following steps:
Salt discharge ditch is excavated according to the saline and alkaline degree in plantation plot, the width of salt discharge ditch is that plantation plot width is 1/8~1/2, with
Based on local fast-growing arbor, shrub, the economic shrub for being suitble to the Huanghe delta is introduced, is mixed according to fast-growing arbor-economic shrub
Forest belt, forage grass growth belt the alternate plot being planted between salt discharge ditch of sequence on, close to salt discharge ditch be fast-growing arbor, economy
Shrub mixed forest belt, forage grass growth belt fill between mixed forest belt two tall；The fast-growing arbor, economic shrub mixed forest belt,
Fast-growing arbor is planted between two parties, and economic shrub is in 1 row of fast-growing arbor planted on two sides, and arbor spacing in the rows 2-5m, economic bushes are away from 0.5-
2m, fast-growing arbor and adjacent economic shrub spacing 0.50-1.0m；
The forage grass growth belt is perennial alfalfa cultivation band and Wheat Maize growth belt, and wherein two sides fill mixed forest close to tall
Band is alfalfa cultivation band, and centre is Wheat Maize growth belt.
2. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the saline and alkaline degree is 2 ‰-
When 3 ‰, preferably salt discharge furrow width 3m-4m, depth 1.5m-1.8m are the plot of 20m-30m wide between two salt discharge ditches.
3. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the clover and shrub interval
0.5-1.0m, wheat planting band line-spacing 0.15m plant 10-15 row, wheat planting band and alfalfa cultivation band spacing according to width
0.4m, the various 3-5 rows of two sides alfalfa cultivation band, line-spacing 0.4m plant 5~10 rows according to width, after harvesting wheat, in arrish
With 4 row corns of interior sowing, corn spacing 0.6m, corn planting belt and alfalfa cultivation band line-spacing 0.7m.
4. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the forage grass growth belt can be with
Select wheat, peanut crop rotation, wheat, short sorghum crop rotation, wheat, Corn Rotation System, between corn and peanut, sorghum of short stem and millet
Make, triticale, peanut crop rotation, triticale, short sorghum crop rotation or triticale, Corn Rotation System, wherein wheat line-spacing 20cm, sowing side
Formula is machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Triticale line-spacing 20cm, seeding method are machine sowing, application rate 300kghm-2；Peanut line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 0.2m, seeding method is artificial dibbling；Short sorghum line-spacing 0.6m, seeding method are artificial trench digging
Sowing, application rate 15kg/hm2；Row spacing of maize 0.6m, seeding method are machine sowing, and thickness of sowing is 67500 plants of hm-2。
5. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: being deep-cut before arbor plantation
Soil 100cm, wide 40cm, then barrier layer is covered, barrier layer is considered to be worth doing using wood fragments or the mixture of straw dust, then plants a line
Arbor.
6. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: being deep-cut before shrub plantation
60cm, then barrier layer is covered, barrier layer is considered to be worth doing using wood fragments or the mixture of straw dust, then plants a line shrub.
7. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the forage grass growth belt uses straw
Stalk mixing organic fertilizer chopping and returning, is turned over, forming salt barrier layer after first rotary tillage；The black black and white color matching in white both sides among ground mulching
Mulch.
8. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the rotary tillage 15cm, turns over 35-
The mixture of stalk and organic fertilizer is ploughed under depths, forms barrier layer by 40cm.
9. salt-soda soil woods shrub symbiosis implantation methods as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: being laid with stream at the top of the salt discharge ditch
Drop film carries out the desalination of salt water evaporation, then carries out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of desalination water under-film drip irrigation in growing area, the anti-dropping film is to lower recess, angle
Degree is 15-30 °, and recess least significant end is corresponding with the position in fresh water water pond.
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