CN106982634A - A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn - Google Patents
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982634A CN106982634A CN201710262711.XA CN201710262711A CN106982634A CN 106982634 A CN106982634 A CN 106982634A CN 201710262711 A CN201710262711 A CN 201710262711A CN 106982634 A CN106982634 A CN 106982634A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of alfalfa and the mixed planting method of corn, including following operation：Turn over whole furrow, make the 120cm of row spacing 110, high 20 25cm in ridge, wide 28 35cm of furrow, early spring grab moisture sowing alfalfa, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, normal support is planted, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa is turned over and buried, and composite fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields thereon, thin rake leveling, line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas after 56 days, normal support is planted, cradle, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, after harvesting corn, the row alfalfa of autumn sowing two at former corn, implantation methods of the present invention rationally mix up alfalfa and corn, effectively utilize tune Ji supply between the two, cooperated by different growth cycles and living space, substantially increase both yield and planting benefit, there is good reproducibility for perennial alfalfa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop-planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of alfalfa and the mixed planting method of corn.
Background technology
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) abbreviation clover, is that cultivation history is most long in world wide, area
Widest leguminous forage.Clover category happiness Wen Liang and arid 20~25 DEG C of habit crop optimum growth temperature, its poor heat resistance.
Relative " dormancy " state is presented in the summer alfalfa growing of Temperate Region in China, causes grass yield to be remarkably decreased, 1-2 batches of Herbage harvests are accounted for entirely
More than the 60% of annual production, while clover field rainy season plot is moist, it is difficult to carry out mechanized harvest, and ensiling and drying are relatively stranded
It is difficult.China Huang-Huai-Hai 7-9 months are rainy season, are also water, fertilizer, light, temperature, thermal resource relatively sufficient period, and clover is difficult
Effectively to utilize, so as to cause the wasting of resources, land utilization ratio is not high.At present, domestic and international clover is studied with corn intercropping plant
Report is more, relatively conventional with the alternate plantation of two kinds of crop strip-types.Between make to be clover and other crop bands are separated by plantation, divide
Different spaces are distributed in, two kinds of crops independently exist in two different spaces, this planting patterns is helpless to improve soil profit
With rate.And plantation mutual cooperation usability between the two is low, planting benefit lifting is less.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention proposes a kind of alfalfa and the mixed planting method of corn, by purple
Russian fenugreek herb and corn rationally mix up, and effectively using tune Ji supply between the two, pass through different growth cycles and living space phase
Mutually coordinate, substantially increase both yield and planting benefit, there is good reproducibility for perennial alfalfa.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Whole furrow are turned over, make row spacing 110-
120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, early spring grab moisture sowing alfalfa are normal to support using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4
Plant, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa is turned over and buried, and
Composite fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields thereon, and thin rake leveling waits line-spacing to sow two row summer corns after 5-6 days between two skidding alfalfas, normal to support
Plant, cradle, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, after harvesting corn, the row alfalfa of autumn sowing two at former corn.
It is preferred that, turn over whole furrow and carry out within 15-20 days prior to seeding, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L is sprayed after turning over
800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture.
It is preferred that, apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 800-1000kg/ mus of well-rotted farmyard manures, grass on ridge before sowing alfalfa
35-45kg/ mus of wood ash, 18-20kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10-12kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate.
It is preferred that, spring sowing alfalfa application rate is 1-1.3kg/ mus, and autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.45-
0.55kg/ mus, depth of planting is 1-3cm, spring sowing alfalfa both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, the line-spacing drilling such as middle two rows.
It is preferred that, composite fertilizer's applied amount is 25-40kg/ mus, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are 3 in composite fertilizer:1.5:
1。
It is preferred that, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-5cm.
It is preferred that, straw harvesting is become thoroughly decomposed utilization after harvest corn, root stubble in bottom, which is turned over, to bury, and apply fertilizer, thin rake
The autumn sowing that 5-7 days carry out alfalfa again after leveling.
It is preferred that, the fertilizer is 10-15kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-6kg/ mus of urea, 2-5kg/ mus of calcium nitrate.
Due to using above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Implantation methods of the present invention by alfalfa and
Corn rationally mixes up, and effectively using tune Ji supply between the two, is cooperated by different growth cycles and living space, right
Light, heat, space, moisture, nutrition can reasonably share utilization, alleviate moisture, illumination, temperature etc. too strong to alfalfa
Influence, improve spring sowing alfalfa cradles batch number and quality, while rationally by the use of alfalfa as corn base fertilizer, mutually
Coordinate, substantially increase both yield and planting benefit, and there is good reproducibility, both sides for perennial alfalfa
Row, the alfalfa of middle two rows and plant rationally mixed planting and wrong can be planted, it is ensured that the best implanting of alfalfa, synthesis
Improve alfalfa and the plantation economic well-being of workers and staff of corn.Compared to traditional corn, alfalfa nonoculture, every plant of corn yield is improved
25-34%, every plant of alfalfa cradles output increased 32-38%, compares the alternate plantation of ordinary maize, alfalfa, often
Mu corn yield improves 18-25%, and every mu of Alfalfa Output improves 24-26%.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Based on embodiments of the invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the model that the present invention is protected
Enclose.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 800kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 35kg/ mus of plant ash, 18kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 11kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1.2kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, just
Chang Yangzhi, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa turned over and buried,
And it is 3 that nitrogen in 25kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 12kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5kg/ mus of urea, 2kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, thin rake leveling
5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn afterwards, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.45kg/ mus.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 950kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 40kg/ mus of plant ash, 19kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1.3kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, just
Chang Yangzhi, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa turned over and buried,
And it is 3 that nitrogen in 30kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 14kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5.8kg/ mus of urea, 4kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, is carefully harrowed whole
The 5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn after flat, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.5kg/ mus.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 900kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 40kg/ mus of plant ash, 18kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 12kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, normally
Support and plant, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa is turned over and buried, and
It is 3 that nitrogen in 35kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 10kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5kg/ mus of urea, 3kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, thin rake leveling
5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn afterwards, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.48kg/ mus.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 900kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 38kg/ mus of plant ash, 20kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 10kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1.25kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, just
Chang Yangzhi, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa turned over and buried,
And it is 3 that nitrogen in 40kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 14kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5.5kg/ mus of urea, 2.5kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, thin rake
The 5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn after leveling, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.5kg/ mus.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 1000kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 42kg/ mus of plant ash, 20kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 12kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1.3kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, just
Chang Yangzhi, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa turned over and buried,
And it is 3 that nitrogen in 35kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 15kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6kg/ mus of urea, 5kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, thin rake leveling
5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn afterwards, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.55kg/ mus.
Embodiment 6：
A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, including following operation：Progress in 15-20 days is turned over whole before sowing
Furrow, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of liquid of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over, then make row spacing
Apply within 5-7 days base fertilizer, including 950kg/ on ridge before 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, sowing alfalfa
Mu well-rotted farmyard manure, 45kg/ mus of plant ash, 18kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 11kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, the pale reddish brown lucerne of early spring grab moisture sowing
Mu, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4, both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, application rate is 1.2kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, just
Chang Yangzhi, cradle to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, middle two rows alfalfa turned over and buried,
And it is 3 that nitrogen in 35kg/ mus of composite fertilizers, composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are spread fertilizer over the fields thereon:1.5:1, thin rake leveling, after 5-6 days
Line-spacing is waited to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas, the sowing spacing in the rows of summer corn is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-
5cm, normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, harvesting corn, and straw harvesting becomes thoroughly decomposed utilizations, bottom root batch after harvest corn
Turn over and bury, and apply fertilizer, fertilizer is 13kg/ mus of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5.4kg/ mus of urea, 4kg/ mus of calcium nitrate, is carefully harrowed whole
The 5-7 days row alfalfas of autumn sowing two at former corn after flat, autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.55kg/ mus.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Replace, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn, it is characterised in that including following operation：Whole furrow are turned over, make ridge
Wide 110-120cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the wide 28-35cm of furrow, early spring grab moisture sowing alfalfa, using drilling per the row of ridge planting 4,
Normal support is planted, cradled to late May or the first tenday period of a month in June, after the completion for the treatment of that a wheel is cradled, by middle two rows alfalfa turn over into
Soil, and composite fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields thereon, it is thin to harrow leveling, wait line-spacing to sow two row summer corns between two skidding alfalfas after 5-6 days,
Normal support is planted, cradled, to the middle ten days and the last ten days in September, after harvesting corn, the row alfalfa of autumn sowing two at former corn.
2. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：Whole furrow are turned over to broadcast
Carry out within 15-20 days before kind, ploughed depth is 20-25cm, and 10g/L 800 times of limewash and 25% Bordeaux mixture are sprayed after turning over
Liquid.
3. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：Sow alfalfa
Apply base fertilizer, including 800-1000kg/ mus of well-rotted farmyard manures, 35-45kg/ mus of plant ash, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 18- on preceding 5-7 days ridges
20kg/ mus, 10-12kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate.
4. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：Spring sowing alfalfa
Application rate is 1-1.3kg/ mus, and autumn sowing alfalfa application rate is 0.45-0.55kg/ mus, and depth of planting is 1-3cm, is sowed in spring purple
Russian fenugreek herb both sides line-spacing furrow 13-18cm, the line-spacing drilling such as middle two rows.
5. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：The composite fertilizer applies
Dosage is 25-40kg/ mus, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium addition ratio are 3 in composite fertilizer:1.5:1.
6. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：The sowing of summer corn
Spacing in the rows is 25-30cm, and depth of planting is 3-5cm.
7. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 1 and corn, it is characterised in that：Will after harvest corn
Straw harvesting is become thoroughly decomposed utilization, and root stubble in bottom, which is turned over, to bury, and applies fertilizer, and alfalfa is carried out again within 5-7 days after thin rake leveling
Autumn sowing.
8. the mixed planting method of alfalfa according to claim 7 and corn, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer is phosphorus
10-15kg/ mus of acid dihydride potassium, 5-6kg/ mus of urea, 2-5kg/ mus of calcium nitrate.
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| CN110122207A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight |
| CN111034573A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Alfalfa-corn interplanting method suitable for coastal mudflats |
| CN114747446A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for mixed planting of corn and soybean |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |