CN110122207A - A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight - Google Patents
A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110122207A CN110122207A CN201910500063.6A CN201910500063A CN110122207A CN 110122207 A CN110122207 A CN 110122207A CN 201910500063 A CN201910500063 A CN 201910500063A CN 110122207 A CN110122207 A CN 110122207A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crop
- clover
- application
- fertilizer
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant ecological cultural methods of synergy of losing weight.It includes the following steps: the main crop of general planting on ridge, and the main crop described in 2 ridges plants subsidiary crop in furrow, and total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is conventional total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 50~70%, other phosphorus potash fertilizers are the same as conventional amount of application；The main crop includes Chinese cabbage, cabbage or cauliflower；The subsidiary crop includes clover.The present invention by plant and clover it is reasonable between make, improve land utilization ratio, and the applied amount of fertilizer (nitrogenous fertilizer) can be reduced using clover itself generation rhizobium progress biological nitrogen fixation, the quality of main crop can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant ecological cultural methods of synergy of losing weight, and belong to field of planting.
Background technique
In growing process, applying a certain amount of chemical fertilizer can effectively improve yield.Organic matter, corruption are free of in chemical fertilizer
Matter is grown, therefore largely applies chemical fertilizer, due to the shortage of organic matter and humus, soil aggregate structure destroyed, caused soil
Soil hardening, while will also result in the mortality of beneficial bacterium in soil, earthworm, plant products and quality decline certainly will be made.Separately
Outside, due to applying excessive chemical fertilizer, the substances such as soil water soluble nutrient pour water leaching to underground water and river by rainwater and farmland
In, the underground water and river pollution of some areas are caused, makes underground water, river, lake in eutrophication, causes underground water bad
It drinks, the phenomena of mortality often occur for the fishes and shrimps in partial rivers, lake.Since chemical fertilizer application is simple and convenient, still deposited in production thus
In chemical fertilizer application Overdosing problems.Especially for the leaf vegetables of this kind of nitrophilous fertilizer such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage, in production
A large amount of applied nitrogens will also result in plant resistance and reduce, to phosphorus potassium in soil and the decline of absorption of trace elements ability and soil
The aggravation of earth secondary salinization degree.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plant ecological cultural methods of synergy of losing weight, and pass through the reasonable of plant and clover
Between make, improve land utilization ratio, and fertilizer (nitrogenous fertilizer) can be reduced using clover itself generation rhizobium progress biological nitrogen fixation
Applied amount can improve the quality of main crop.
A kind of plant ecological cultural method of synergy of losing weight provided by the invention, includes the following steps: on ridge conventional kind
Main crop is planted, the main crop described in 2 ridges plants subsidiary crop in furrow, and total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is conventional total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 50
~70%, other phosphorus potash fertilizers are conventional amount of application；
The main crop includes Chinese cabbage, cabbage or cauliflower；The subsidiary crop includes clover.
In the present invention, total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is conventional total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 50~70%, i.e., conventional total nitrogenous fertilizer, which subtracts, to be applied
30~50%；Conventional total nitrogenous fertilizer both can be used as base manure (i.e. base fertilizer), can also be used as top dressing, and the amount of application of conventional total nitrogenous fertilizer is pressed
According to amount of application well known in the art, the specific cave amount of application such as the conventional nitrogenous fertilizer can be 2.5~5.0kg/667m2, tool
Body can be 4kg/667m2；The dosage of spreading fertilizer over the fields of the routine nitrogenous fertilizer can be 10~20kg/667m2, concretely 15kg/667m2。
In the present invention, other described phosphorus potash fertilizers are conventional amount of application, and specific applied amount is common sense well known in the art.
In above-mentioned method, the clover application rate can be 500~750g/667m2, concretely 600g/667m2。
In above-mentioned method, the main crop is using field planting or live streaming, to use general planting mode；
The subsidiary crop is using live streaming.
The definite value density of the main crop or the application rate of live streaming are the common knowledge of this field.
In above-mentioned method, the subsidiary crop is planted in 0~10d after the main crop-planting.
In above-mentioned method, clover harvesting employing mode is as follows: cut receipts, pinch receipts clover tender leaf or as herbage then not
With harvesting.
It further include that the clover is threaded directly into soil after main crop harvest in above-mentioned method, in the method
Green manure is used as in earth.
The invention has the following advantages that
This method can effectively reduce amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 30-50%, compared with existing general planting method, improve in yield
12.3%-24.9%, to improve quality (wherein Vitamin C content improves 7.0%-41.2%, content of soluble protein
9.9%-24.6% is improved, soluble sugar content improves 20.1%-24.6%), economic benefit is improved, soil texture is improved
(significantly reducing the soil weight, soil enzyme activities significantly improves), content of soil nitrate-N is improved, promoted quick-acting in soil
The release of phosphorus has reached the efficient purpose of volume increase.Make between the reduction of applying quantity of chemical fertilizer and the reasonable of clover, is the ecology of plant
Cultivation provides effective technical guarantee.
Specific embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1,
(1) crop made between selecting: being suitable for the crop of ridge culture, and main crop is Chinese cabbage, edible clover (subsidiary crop).
(2) it plants main crop and subsidiary crop column number proportion is 2:1.
(3) implantation methods: be routinely colonized according to conventional ridging, on early spring ridge main crop Chinese cabbage (plantation density be 3000 plants/
667m2)；On the day of the field planting of main crop, every 2 main crops in ridge, clover is broadcast live in furrow and (plants the clover of 1 furrow
An empty furrow afterwards, then plants the clover of 1 furrow again, successively plants in this way)；Clover application rate is 600g/667m2。
(4) chemical fertilizer dose: nitrogenous fertilizer subtracts and applies that (amount of application is the 70% of conventional amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer, i.e., conventional nitrogenous fertilizer, which subtracts, to be applied
30%, conventional cave nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 4kg/667m2), and other phosphorus potash fertilizers are the same as conventional (i.e. agricultural potassium sulfate 6kg/667m2+ cross phosphorus
Sour calcium 8kg/667m2)；Chemical fertilizer application is applied, is disposably applied as base fertilizer using cave.
(5) clover harvesting and processing: cutting receipts or pinch receipts clover tender leaf is edible, does not have to gather in if as herbage；Work as stubble
After crop, clover is threaded directly into soil as green manure, it is noted that several times of more rotations are had to when rotation ground, to prevent spin-endedly
It is ineffective to cause there is clover to grow in next stub land.
The influence of 1 present invention of table and conventional method to result
The results are shown in Table 1.The results showed that a kind of plant ecological cultural method of weight-reducing synergy of the invention (subtracts
Make application rate 600g/667m between nitrogen fertilizer application 50%, clover furrow2) Chinese cabbage yield can be significantly improved (with conventional application
Nitrogenous fertilizer control compared to output increased 12.3%), improving quality (significantly improves soluble sugar content, solvable sugared content, Vc to contain
Amount)；The soil weight is set to significantly reduce (reducing 13.8%), soil enzyme activities (urase, invertase and catalase), soil
Nitrate nitrogen and rapid available phosphorus are significantly increased, wherein 14.5% He has been respectively increased in soil nitrate-N and available phosphorus contents
124.4%.
Embodiment 2,
It is identical as step in the embodiment of the present invention 1, the difference is that main crop is cabbage.
The influence of 2 present invention of table and conventional method to result
The results are shown in Table 2.The results showed that a kind of plant ecological cultural method of weight-reducing synergy of the invention (subtracts
Make application rate 600g/667m between nitrogen fertilizer application 50%, clover furrow2) cabbage yield can be significantly improved (with conventional application
Nitrogenous fertilizer control compared to output increased 16.3%), improving quality (significantly improves soluble sugar content, solvable sugared content, Vc to contain
Amount)；The soil weight is set to significantly reduce (reducing 20.6%), soil enzyme activities (urase, invertase and catalase), soil
Nitrate nitrogen and rapid available phosphorus are significantly increased, wherein 19.0% and 59.0% has been respectively increased in soil nitrate-N and available phosphorus contents.
Embodiment 3,
It is identical as step in the embodiment of the present invention 1, the difference is that main crop is cauliflower.
The influence of 3 present invention of table and conventional method to result
The results are shown in Table 3.The results showed that a kind of plant ecological cultural method of weight-reducing synergy of the invention (subtracts
Make application rate 600g/667m between nitrogen fertilizer application 50%, clover furrow2) cauliflower yield can be significantly improved (with conventional applied nitrogen
Control compared to output increased 24.9%), improving quality (significantly improving soluble sugar content, solvable sugared content, Vc content)；
The soil weight is set to significantly reduce (reducing 23.8%), soil enzyme activities (urase, invertase and catalase), soil nitrate
Nitrogen and rapid available phosphorus are significantly increased, wherein 17.9% and 61.6% has been respectively increased in soil nitrate-N and available phosphorus contents.
Embodiment 4,
It is identical as step in the embodiment of the present invention 1, unlike: the concrete mode made between clover furrow is to be spaced 2 ridges
After the main crop Chinese cabbage of upper general planting, in next 1 furrow subsidiary crop clover being broadcast live, (clover application rate is
500g/667m2), i.e., the line number allocation ratio of main crop and subsidiary crop is 2:1.Applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is conventional according to nitrogen amount of application
The 60% of amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer, i.e., conventional nitrogenous fertilizer, which subtracts, applies 40% progress.Other fertilizer routinely carry out.It is edible that clover can harvest tender leaf
Unified harvesting feed can also be used as when pulling out garden.After stubble crop, clover is threaded directly into soil as green manure.
The influence of 4 present invention of table and conventional method to result
The results are shown in Table 4.The results showed that a kind of plant ecological cultural method of weight-reducing synergy of the invention (subtracts
Make application rate 500g/667m between nitrogen fertilizer application 40%, clover furrow2) Chinese cabbage yield can be significantly improved (with conventional application
Nitrogenous fertilizer control compared to output increased 19.1%), improving quality (significantly improves soluble sugar content, solvable sugared content, Vc to contain
Amount)；The soil weight is set to significantly reduce (reducing 23.9%), soil enzyme activities (urase, invertase and catalase), soil
Nitrate nitrogen and rapid available phosphorus are significantly increased, wherein 41.3% and 72.1% has been respectively increased in soil nitrate-N and available phosphorus contents.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight, includes the following steps: the main crop of general planting on ridge, every 2
Main crop described in ridge plants subsidiary crop in furrow, and total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is conventional total amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 50~70%, other phosphorus
Potash fertilizer is the same as conventional amount of application；
The main crop includes Chinese cabbage, cabbage or cauliflower；The subsidiary crop includes clover.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the clover application rate is 500~750g/667m2。
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the main crop is using field planting or live streaming；
The subsidiary crop is using live streaming.
4. method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: the subsidiary crop is in the main crop-planting
Plantation in 0~10d afterwards.
5. method according to any of claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: the clover harvesting employing mode is as follows:
Receipts are cut, is pinched and is received clover tender leaf or do not have to then gather in as herbage.
6. method according to any one of claims 1-5, it is characterised in that: further include when the main work in the method
After object harvest, the clover is threaded directly into soil as green manure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910500063.6A CN110122207A (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910500063.6A CN110122207A (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110122207A true CN110122207A (en) | 2019-08-16 |
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| CN201910500063.6A Pending CN110122207A (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | A kind of plant ecological cultural method for synergy of losing weight |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079977A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 宁夏大学 | Method for interplanting Russian fodder vegetable under forest in mountain area |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102934574A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Planting method of intercropping green manure for potatoes |
| CN106982634A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-28 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn |
-
2019
- 2019-06-11 CN CN201910500063.6A patent/CN110122207A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102934574A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Planting method of intercropping green manure for potatoes |
| CN106982634A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-28 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | A kind of mixed planting method of alfalfa and corn |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| H•斯米尔诺夫: "《矿物肥料及其使用》", 31 January 1965, 中国工业出版社 * |
| 陈云等: ""高海拔地区甘蓝绿肥聚垄栽培技术"", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 陈玉香等: ""玉米-苜蓿间作的生态效应"", 《生态环境》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079977A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 宁夏大学 | Method for interplanting Russian fodder vegetable under forest in mountain area |
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