CN106245668A - A kind of truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106245668A CN106245668A CN201610716107.5A CN201610716107A CN106245668A CN 106245668 A CN106245668 A CN 106245668A CN 201610716107 A CN201610716107 A CN 201610716107A CN 106245668 A CN106245668 A CN 106245668A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/16—Foundations formed of separate piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
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Abstract
The present invention relates to pile foundation engineering technique field, especially a kind of truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof.The pile foundation of the present invention includes one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation is made up of four vertical stakes stood in Rock And Soil, it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, it is connected with each other with taper pile between the adjacent vertical stake on square limit, the foursquare tie-beam of top layout of four vertical stakes, vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam are interconnected to constitute truss structure；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or obtuse angle；Present invention additionally comprises the construction method of pile foundation.It can strengthen integral rigidity between pile foundation, improve pile foundation vertical and Its ultimate bearing capacity, to reduce foundation uneven settlement, has and can shorten pile foundation construction duration, saving construction costs, simple in construction, the feature of easy construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pile foundation engineering technique field, especially relate to a kind of truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof.
Background technology
Pile foundation engineering uses in fields such as industry and civil buildings, bridge, harbour, municipal administration, highway, railway, city undergrounds
More and more extensive.All kinds of pile foundation engineerings are respectively arranged with its advantage, can select different pile-type according to strata condition, load situation and execute
Work method, along with economy and the development of capital construction, pile foundation also becomes one of the most form that uses in various type of foundation,
In heavy construction, the expense on basis is sometimes up to the 25%～35% of civil engineering total cost.
Pile foundation is a kind of ancient foundation pattern having more than 7000 year history, and human history uses timber and stone mar the earliest,
Along with process of industrialization is accelerated and the progress of science and technology, in the middle of the 19th century after, occur in that the solidifying soil of concrete-pile and reinforcing bar won ton
Stake, after the twenties in 20th century the most after World War II, quickly, period artificial digging pile comes out development of pile foundation, along with high-power
Boring machine is succeeded in developing, and cast-in-situ bored pile develops quickly.Especially recent two decades comes, and pile foundation engineering is from pile foundation material, pile foundation machine
The aspects such as tool, construction method, pile measurement all achieve significant progress, and mechanization, automatization, the level of informatization constantly carry
High.
Pile foundation engineering can be divided into mini pile, Small Diameter Pile, large diameter pile, super-large diameter stake by stake diameter；Divide by stake is long
For stub, long stake, ultra-long pile；Artificial digging pile, mechanical hole building stake can be divided into by construction power；Wood can be divided into by pile foundation material
Stake, concrete-pile, reinforced concrete pile, piling bar etc.；Non-Squeezing Soil Pile, part Squeezing Soil Pile and Squeezing Soil Pile three can be divided into by pile making method
Class, the most non-Squeezing Soil Pile mainly includes that dry working system bores digging hole filling pile, dry working system digging hole filling pile, the boring of mud off method
Bored concrete pile, sleeve protection method of pipe wall cast-in-situ bored pile etc.；Part Squeezing Soil Pile mainly include long screw auger pressure deposited bored concrete pile, Punching Borehole Cast-in-place Concrete Pile,
Hole squeezed bored concrete pile, stirring strength core stake, prebored hole is squeezed into or Static Pressure Precast Piles, squeezes into or the uncovered steel-pipe pile of static pressure type, uncovered
Prestressing concrete hollow pile and H profile steel stake etc.；Squeezing Soil Pile mainly includes driven cast-in-place pile, tube immersing ramming grouting pile, squeeze into or
Static Pressure Precast Piles, remain silent prestressing concrete hollow pile and closed steel pile tube etc.；Prefabricated pile and perfusion can be divided into by construction method
Stake, wherein bored concrete pile includes using various method to carry out pore-forming at the construction field (site), then carries out filling concrete pile.
At present, conventional in engineering construction pile foundation type mainly have cast-in-situ bored pile, artificial digging pile, driven cast-in-place pile,
Squeeze into or Static Pressure Precast Piles, compacted bearing disk pile, steel-pipe pile etc..In engineering construction, Pile Foundations Design becomes straight stake, and pile foundation bears top
The form of built-loading has two kinds, and one is that single pile single-column bears top-out load, and another kind of form is by pile foundation and cushion cap
Link together and bear top, or and box foundation, raft foundation couple together composition stake case, pile-raft foundation etc., on bearing
Portion's built-loading.But there is following defect in the pile foundation in these base forms:
(1) current ordinary pile foundation plinth, pile foundation as ground substructure, is separate between pile foundation and pile foundation
Body, is only connected by being arranged on the cushion cap on stake top between pile foundation with pile foundation, and bottom cannot connect into an entirety, causes between pile foundation whole
Body rigidity is little, easily makes pile foundation stress and deformation inequality under the vertical uniform load q of top, and under horizontal loading, pile foundation is susceptible to
Failure by shear, causes foundation uneven settlement or causes foundation failure to make top-out structure occur destroy or cause top to build
Building structure cracking, inclination.
(2) owing to being all the most isolated between pile foundation and pile foundation, under same formation, single pile stiffness to be improved and pile foundation
Stability, improve pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, only add timber pile footpath or to increase stake long, so can cause engineering
Cost increases, claim for eot.
(3) bearing capacity of pile foundation is made up of side friction and bottom bearing, and when pile-base supporting layer is positioned at soil layer, pile foundation holds
Load power is based on side friction, and bottom bearing proportion is little, and bearing capacity of pile foundation to be improved only adds timber pile footpath or increase stake is long, this
Sample makes pile foundation concrete square amount increase.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of truss-like pile foundation and construction method, this
Kind of truss-like pile foundation can make pile foundation connect integral strengthening integral rigidity between pile foundation, improve pile foundation vertical and level is held
Loading capability, to reduce foundation uneven settlement, has and can shorten pile foundation construction duration, saving construction costs, simple in construction, construction
Feature easily.
Technical scheme:
A kind of truss-like pile foundation, including one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation is stood on by four
Vertical stake (straight stake) composition in Rock And Soil, it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, edge
It is connected with each other with taper pile between the adjacent vertical stake on square limit, the foursquare tie-beam of top layout of four vertical stakes, lead
Vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam are interconnected to constitute truss structure；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or obtuse angle.
Described vertical stake base diameter becomes big, becomes most a diameter of 0.45 meter 4.5 meters, and height is 0.3 meter
3.5 rice；A diameter of 0.3 meter 2.5 meters of vertical stake other parts, a length of 2.0 meters 50 meters.
The diameter of described taper pile 0.3 meter 2.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters.
Described vertical stake is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage with taper pile, the main muscle diameter 10 32 millimeters of steel reinforcement cage,
Concrete grade C25 C35.
Described tie-beam is made up of reinforcing bar and concrete, and the cross section of tie-beam is square, and its width is 0.4 meter
2.6 meters, height be 0.4 meter 1.2 meters, main muscle diameter 10 32 millimeters in reinforcing bar, the main muscle number of plies 1 layer 6 layers, every layer of root of main muscle
Several 2 12, concrete grade C25 C45.
In unit pile foundation, the centre-to-centre spacing along the adjacent two vertical stakes on the square limit of level cross-sectionn is 3 meters 8 meters.
The construction method of a kind of truss-like pile foundation, comprises the steps:
Step one, pile foundation positions, carries out the preparation before pore-forming；Carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each
Individual vertical stake and the position of taper pile；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, select pore-forming mode according to the strata condition of Rock And Soil；Choose a unit pile foundation position
Put, the diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 2.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters；Determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 used by vertical stake holes
2.5 meters of rice, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage is every 1.5 meters of placements
Concrete protective block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in vertical stake holes, concrete grade C25
C35, the grating of concrete crushed stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, behind after pouring vertical pile concrete 3 hours of taper pile hole pore-forming, carry out in 5 days；
Perforate direction is reserved in orientation according to taper pile, and 0.1 0.5 meters of pore-formings are cut in taper pile hole and two ends vertical stake；The diameter 0.3 of taper pile
2.5 meters of rice, length 2.0 meters 50 meters, drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter 2.5 meters used by taper pile hole, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；
Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out by the clear hole of sediment Pump breath countercirculate at the bottom of hole；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C25 C35, coagulation
The grating 13 centimetres of the rubble of soil；
Step 6, tie-beam construction, abolish part stake top concrete and expose vertical stake top and the steel reinforcement cage at taper pile top,
Expose a length of 0.6 meter 0.8 meter of reinforcing bar；Enter on the basis of the square that the vertical pile center line of a unit pile foundation is constituted
The surveying setting-out of row tie-beam, carries out Rock And Soil excavation by tie-beam square cross-sectional dimension plus template size, lays connection
The template of beam；The cross-sectional width of tie-beam is 0.4 meter 2.6 meters, height is 0.4 meter 1.2 meters；The reinforcing bar of tie-beam is by leading
Muscle forms, main muscle diameter 10 32 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 1 layer 6 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 2 12；By tie-beam reinforcing bar
Together with the steel reinforcement cage colligation exposed with the stake top of vertical stake, taper pile；It is attached pouring of beam concrete, tie-beam concrete
Label C25 C45, commodity in use concrete；
Step 7, tie-beam maintenance, tie-beam is carried out natural curing, form removal after maintenance 21 days；Placing concrete
Rear vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
Can be first to a unit pile foundation construction, it is also possible to choose multiple unit pile foundation and construct simultaneously.
The pore-forming of vertical stake, according to the long situation of strata condition, Pile Diameter and stake, can also use machinery with excavated by manual work
Pore-forming；The pore-forming rig of taper pile, rig can select long screw auger drilling machine, rotary drilling boring drill, churning driven to enter to bore
Machine, full-sleeve retaining wall boring drill, directional drilling machine, jumbolter.
, pile foundation centre-to-centre spacing long according to strata condition, Pile Diameter and stake and pore-forming technique can select situation, to vertical stake and
The sequence of construction of taper pile selects, as Rock And Soil be clay etc. be difficult to collapse the diameter of the stratum in hole, vertical stake and taper pile less,
Stake long shorter in the case of, take certain measure, it is also possible to after vertical stake holes pore-forming, and then carry out the pore-forming in taper pile hole,
Then carry out steel reinforcement cage to lay and concrete casting.
The present invention has a following beneficial effect:
(1) connecting between pile foundation and form truss structure after stake top is connected by tie-beam, the flat weight bearing power of water resistant carries
Height, integral rigidity is big, and under horizontal loading, failure by shear is less likely to occur pile foundation, favourable to base fixed.The rod member master of truss
Pulling force to be born or pressure, can give full play to the effect of material, saves material, alleviates construction weight.
(2) pile foundation connects into an entirety, and between pile foundation, integral rigidity improves, pile foundation stress under the vertical uniform load q of top
Uniformly, foundation uneven settlement can be reduced, it is ensured that the inclination of building is less than allowed band, beneficially top-out structure
Safety.
(3) taper pile of the present invention is leverage stress, and soil layer interacts in addition to producing a part of side friction, and taper pile erects
Being multiplied to long-pending with soil layer junction, therefore bottom bearing is also multiplied, and bottom bearing and straight stake that taper pile increases cooperatively are held
Load upper load effect, can avoid pile foundation generation punching failure simultaneously, so do not increase the long situation of stake with, use truss-like
Pile foundation can improve pile foundation total bearing capacity, saves engineering cost.
(4) expand as coniform bottom straight stake, compare with the straight-bar stake of equivalent diameter, increase little feelings in amount of concrete
Under condition, bottom bearing significantly improves, and therefore, the ultimate bearing capacity increase rate of stake is very big, can save engineering cost.
(5) stability in the large of truss-like pile foundation is good, good rigidity, bearing capacity strong, and stake straight with routine design is compared,
Under same formation, single pile stiffness, pile foundation stability can be improved, improve pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, it is not necessary to
Add timber pile footpath or to increase stake long, can the reduction of erection time, reduce construction costs, stake several 30% can be reduced compared with conventional stake method for designing
Above.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the straight stake of truss-like pile foundation in the embodiment of the present invention, taper pile and tie-beam arrange schematic diagram (vertical view).
Fig. 2 is to arrange schematic diagram along A A or the straight stake of B B section, taper pile and tie-beam in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical pile structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1. straight stake (vertical stake), 2. taper pile, 3. tie-beam, 4. Rock And Soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention be described in further detail:
According to strata condition, bottom straight stake 1, become most pore-forming, manually digging hole can be used, it is possible to use reamer
Head, reamer carry out pore-forming.
Embodiment 1:
Being a kind of truss-like pile foundation as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including the straight stake 1 stood in Rock And Soil 4, and straight stake 1 connects
Taper pile 2 together, the top layout tie-beam 3 of straight stake 1, they are interconnected to form one in integrally-built underground truss
Formula pile foundation.The truss-like pile foundation of the present embodiment is made up of four unit pile foundations；Each unit pile foundation is made up of 4 straight stakes 1,
It is on foursquare four angles that every straight stake 1 lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, with taper pile between the adjacent straight stake 1 on square limit
2 are connected with each other, and the foursquare tie-beam of top layout 3 of 4 straight stakes 1, they are interconnected to constitute truss structure；Taper pile 2
Not vertical with straight stake 1, but acutangulate or obtuse angle.
As it is shown on figure 3, the bottom of straight stake 1 becomes most of into coniform, the height of tapered segment is 0.8 meter, outside diameter
Being 1.2 meters, end diameter is 0.6 meter, and the total length of straight stake 1 is 16.8 meters.Straight stake 1 is made up of concrete and steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage
Being made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 12 diameters 16 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters,
Muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Concrete grade is
C30, commodity in use concrete.
Taper pile 2 is made up of concrete and steel reinforcement cage, a diameter of 0.6 meter of taper pile 2, a length of 17.65 meters of taper pile 2；Steel
Muscle cage is made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, and main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 12 diameters 16 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is diameter 14 millimeters
Reinforcing bar, muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Concrete mark
Number C30, commodity in use concrete.
Tie-beam 3 is made up of reinforcing bar and concrete, and the cross section of tie-beam 3 is square, and the length of side is 0.8 meter, tie-beam 3
Reinforcing bar be made up of main muscle, main muscle diameter 18 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 2 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 6；Concrete grade C30, makes
Use commerical ready-mixed concrete.
In unit pile foundation, the centre-to-centre spacing along the adjacent two straight stakes 1 on the square limit of level cross-sectionn is 8 meters.
In the present embodiment, engineering present position Rock And Soil 4 strata condition is from ground from top to down: clay, thickness 21
Rice；Silty clay, thickness 6 meters；Flour sand, thickness 8 meters, pile-base supporting layer is positioned at argillic horizon.
The construction method of a kind of truss-like pile foundation, comprises the steps:
Step one, pile foundation positions, carries out the preparation before pore-forming；Carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each
Individual straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2, carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, releases construction axis by measuring instruments such as total powerstations,
Setting-out makes each straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2 and at construction stake sample chart display, calculates the blowing angle of taper pile；To measure
Reinforcing bar is squeezed on the ground as mark in straight stake 1 center of setting-out；
Step 2, straight stake holes pore-forming, rock-soil layer residing for straight stake 1 and the pile body section of taper pile 2 and supporting course is clay
Layer, pore-forming uses long screw auger drilled dry form；Choose a unit pile foundation position, straight stake 1 diameter 0.6 meter, total length 16.8 meters, bottom
The height of tapered segment is 0.8 meter, and outside diameter is 1.2 meters；First with 0.6 meter of long-spiral drilling machine bit bore of diameter 16.8 meters,
Bottom outside diameter 1.2 meters, the tapered segment of highly 0.8 meter is expanded again with reamer；Sediment at the bottom of hole is checked, at the bottom of hole after pore-forming
Sediment is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 3, waters straight stake 1 concrete, and (bore portions of steel reinforcement cage uses single first to put into steel reinforcement cage in straight stake holes
Face is welded), steel reinforcement cage places concrete protective block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole every 1.5 meters；Steel reinforcement cage by main muscle,
Put more energy into muscle, spiral bar composition, main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 12 diameters 16 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, muscle of putting more energy into
Arranging one every two meters, spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Coagulation is watered in straight stake holes
Soil (uses tremie method pouring), concrete grade C30, the grating of concrete crushed stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, reserve perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile 2, taper pile hole stake straight with two ends 1 is cut
0.1 meter of pore-forming, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.6 meter, a length of 17.65 meters, determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.6 meter, a length of 17.65 meters of hole；
Taper pile hole pore-forming is after watering straight stake 1 concrete 3 hours, carry out in 5 days；Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is used
Sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out by the clear hole of Pump breath countercirculate；
Step 5, waters taper pile 2 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；The steel reinforcement cage of taper pile 2 is made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, and main muscle is
The reinforcing bar of 12 diameters 16 millimeters, muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is
The reinforcing bar that diameter is 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C30, concrete
The grating of rubble 13 centimetres；
Step 6, tie-beam 3 is constructed, and abolishes part stake top concrete and exposes straight stake 1 top and the reinforcing bar at taper pile 2 top
Cage, exposes a length of 0.6 meter of reinforcing bar；Enter on the basis of the line of centres of four straight stakes 1 (a unit pile foundation) is constituted square
The surveying setting-out of row tie-beam 3, carries out soil excavation, the company of laying by tie-beam 3 square cross sectional dimension plus template size
Connect the template of beam 3；The cross-sectional width of tie-beam 3 0.8 meter, height are 0.8 meter；The reinforcing bar of tie-beam 3 is made up of main muscle, main muscle
Diameter 18 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 2 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 6；By tie-beam 3 reinforcing bar by design and straight stake 1, the stake top of taper pile 2
The steel reinforcement cage colligation exposed is together；It is attached pouring of beam 3 concrete, tie-beam 3 concrete grade C30, commodity in use
Concrete；
Step 7, tie-beam 3 maintenance, tie-beam 3 is carried out natural curing, form removal after maintenance 21 days；Pouring coagulation
After soil, straight stake 1, taper pile 2 and tie-beam 3 form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
In the present embodiment, truss-like pile foundation can make pile foundation and tie-beam be connected to become an entirety, improve the whole of pile foundation
Body rigidity and bearing capacity, minimizing foundation uneven settlement, the same type pile foundation engineering of the whole employing straight-bar stakes with same formation
Comparing, it was predicted that can reduce stake several 36%, construction costs saving 32%, duration shift to an earlier date 25 days.
Embodiment 2:
The structure of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1 (except the shape of cross section of tie-beam 3), as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows.
As it is shown on figure 3, the bottom of straight stake 1 becomes most of into coniform, the height of tapered segment is 1.6 meters, outside diameter
Being 1.6 meters, end diameter is 0.8 meter, and the total length of straight stake 1 is 22.6 meters.Straight stake 1 is made up of concrete and steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage
Being made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 16 diameters 18 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters,
Muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 8 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Concrete grade is
C30, commodity in use concrete.
Taper pile 2 is made up of concrete and steel reinforcement cage, a diameter of 0.8 meter of taper pile 2, a length of 21.85 meters of taper pile 2；Steel
Muscle cage is made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, and main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 16 diameters 18 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is diameter 14 millimeters
Reinforcing bar, muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 8 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Concrete mark
Number C30, commodity in use concrete.
Tie-beam 3 is made up of reinforcing bar and concrete, and the cross section of tie-beam 3 is rectangle, width 1.2 meters, highly 1.0
Rice, the reinforcing bar of tie-beam 3 is made up of main muscle, main muscle diameter 22 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 3 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 8；Concrete
Label C30, commodity in use concrete.
In unit pile foundation, the centre-to-centre spacing along the adjacent two straight stakes 1 on the square limit of level cross-sectionn is 6 meters.
In the present embodiment, engineering present position Rock And Soil strata condition is from ground from top to down: miscellaneous fill, thickness 3.5
Rice；Silty clay, thickness 3 meters；Clay, thickness 5 meters；Flour sand, thickness 3 meters；Medium sand, thickness 20 meters, during pile-base supporting layer is positioned at
Layer of sand.
The construction method of a kind of truss-like pile foundation, comprises the steps:
Step one, pile foundation positions, carries out the preparation before pore-forming；Carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each
Individual straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2, carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, releases construction axis by measuring instruments such as total powerstations,
Setting-out makes each straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2 and at construction stake sample chart display, calculates the blowing angle of taper pile；To measure
Reinforcing bar is squeezed on the ground as mark in straight stake 1 center of setting-out；
Step 2, straight stake holes pore-forming, rock-soil layer residing for straight stake 1 and the pile body section of taper pile 2 and supporting course is medium sand,
Easily caving in, pore-forming uses mud off slewing drilling machine to become well format；Choose a unit pile foundation position, straight stake 1 diameter 0.8 meter, complete
Long 21 meters, the height of bottom tapered segment is 1.6 meters, and outside diameter is 1.6 meters；First with 0.8 meter of abrasion drill machine drill of bit diameter
21 meters of hole, then expand bottom outside diameter 1.6 meters, the tapered segment of highly 1.6 meters with reamer；It is heavy to check after pore-forming at the bottom of hole
Slag, cleans out with drawing slag cylinder sediment at the bottom of hole；
Step 3, waters straight stake 1 concrete, and (bore portions of steel reinforcement cage uses single first to put into steel reinforcement cage in straight stake holes
Face is welded), steel reinforcement cage places concrete protective block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole every 1.5 meters；Steel reinforcement cage by main muscle,
Put more energy into muscle, spiral bar composition, main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 16 diameters 18 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, muscle of putting more energy into
Arranging one every two meters, spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 8 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Coagulation is watered in straight stake holes
Soil (uses tremie method pouring), concrete grade C30, the grating of concrete crushed stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, reserve perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile 2, taper pile hole stake straight with two ends 1 is cut
0.1 meter of pore-forming, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.8 meter, a length of 21.85 meters, determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.8 meter, a length of 21.85 meters of hole；
Taper pile hole pore-forming is after watering straight stake 1 concrete 3 hours, carry out in 5 days；Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is used
Sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out by the clear hole of Pump breath countercirculate；
Step 5, waters taper pile 2 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；The steel reinforcement cage of taper pile 2 is made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, and main muscle is
The reinforcing bar of 16 diameters 18 millimeters, muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is
The reinforcing bar that diameter is 8 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C30, concrete
The grating of rubble 13 centimetres；
Step 6, tie-beam 3 is constructed, and abolishes part stake top concrete and exposes straight stake 1 top and the reinforcing bar at taper pile 2 top
Cage, exposes a length of 0.8 meter of reinforcing bar；Enter on the basis of the line of centres of four straight stakes 1 (a unit pile foundation) is constituted square
The surveying setting-out of row tie-beam 3, carries out soil excavation, the company of laying by tie-beam 3 rectangular cross section size plus template size
Connect the template of beam 3；The cross-sectional width of tie-beam 3 1.2 meters, height are 1.0 meters；The reinforcing bar of tie-beam 3 is made up of main muscle, main muscle
Diameter 22 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 3 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 8；By tie-beam 3 reinforcing bar by design and straight stake 1, the stake top of taper pile 2
The steel reinforcement cage colligation exposed is together；It is attached pouring of beam 3 concrete, tie-beam 3 concrete grade C30, commodity in use
Concrete；
Step 7, tie-beam 3 maintenance, tie-beam 3 is carried out natural curing, form removal after maintenance 21 days；Pouring coagulation
After soil, straight stake 1, taper pile 2 and tie-beam 3 form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
In the present embodiment, truss-like pile foundation can make pile foundation and tie-beam be connected to become an entirety, improves pile foundation
Integral rigidity and bearing capacity, hence it is evident that reduce foundation uneven settlement, the same type stake of the whole employing straight-bar stakes with same formation
Base engineering compares, it was predicted that can reduce stake several 35%, and construction costs saving 30%, duration shift to an earlier date 12 days.
Claims (8)
1. a truss-like pile foundation, is characterized in that: including one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation is by four
Root stands on the vertical stake composition in Rock And Soil, and it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, edge
It is connected with each other with taper pile between the adjacent vertical stake on square limit, the foursquare tie-beam of top layout of four vertical stakes, lead
Vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam are interconnected to constitute truss structure；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or obtuse angle.
A kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described vertical stake base diameter becomes big,
Becoming most a diameter of 0.45 meter 4.5 meters, height is 0.3 meter 3.5 meters；A diameter of 0.3 meter of vertical stake other parts
2.5 meters, a length of 2.0 meters 50 meters.
A kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described taper pile 0.3 meter 2.5
Rice, length 2.0 meters 50 meters.
A kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described vertical stake and taper pile are by steel reinforcement cage
Become with concrete casting, the main muscle diameter 10 32 millimeters of steel reinforcement cage, concrete grade C25 C35.
A kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tie-beam is by reinforcing bar and concrete
Composition, the cross section of tie-beam is square, and its width is 0.4 meter 2.6 meters, height is 0.4 meter 1.2 meters, main muscle in reinforcing bar
Diameter 10 32 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 1 layer 6 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 2 12, concrete grade C25 C45.
A kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in unit pile foundation along level cross-sectionn just
The centre-to-centre spacing of the adjacent two vertical stakes of Quad Sides is 3 meters 8 meters.
The construction method of a kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 1, comprises the steps:
Step one, pile foundation positions, carries out the preparation before pore-forming；Carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each lead
Vertical stake and the position of taper pile；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, select pore-forming mode according to the strata condition of Rock And Soil；Choose a unit pile foundation position,
The diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 2.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters；Determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter used by vertical stake holes
2.5 meters, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in vertical stake holes, concrete grade C25 C35, mixed
The grating 13 centimetres of solidifying soil rubble；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, behind after pouring vertical pile concrete 3 hours of taper pile hole pore-forming, carry out in 5 days；According to
Perforate direction is reserved in the orientation of taper pile, and 0.1 0.5 meters of pore-formings are cut in taper pile hole and two ends vertical stake；The diameter of taper pile 0.3 meter
2.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters, drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter 2.5 meters used by taper pile hole, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；Pore-forming
Sediment at the bottom of rear inspection hole, cleans out sediment at the bottom of hole the clear hole of sediment Pump breath countercirculate at the bottom of hole；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage is placed concrete every 1.5 meters and protected
Protect block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C25 C35, concrete
The grating of rubble 13 centimetres；
Step 6, tie-beam is constructed, is abolished part stake top concrete and expose vertical stake top and the steel reinforcement cage at taper pile top, expose
A length of 0.6 meter 0.8 meter of reinforcing bar；Carry out on the basis of the square that the vertical pile center line of a unit pile foundation is constituted even
Connect the surveying setting-out of beam, carry out Rock And Soil excavation by tie-beam square cross-sectional dimension plus template size, lay tie-beam
Template；The cross-sectional width of tie-beam is 0.4 meter 2.6 meters, height is 0.4 meter 1.2 meters；The reinforcing bar of tie-beam is by main muscle group
Become, main muscle diameter 10 32 millimeters, the main muscle number of plies 1 layer 6 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 2 12；By tie-beam reinforcing bar and lead
The steel reinforcement cage colligation that vertical stake, the stake top of taper pile are exposed is together；It is attached pouring of beam concrete, tie-beam concrete grade
C25 C45, commodity in use concrete；
Step 7, tie-beam maintenance, tie-beam is carried out natural curing, form removal after maintenance 21 days；Lead after placing concrete
Vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
The construction method of a kind of truss-like pile foundation the most according to claim 7, comprises the steps:
Step one, pile foundation positions, carries out the preparation before pore-forming；Carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each lead
Vertical stake and the position of taper pile, carry out construction lofting according to design drawing, releases construction axis, setting-out by measuring instruments such as total powerstations
Make each vertical stake and the position of taper pile and at construction stake sample chart display, calculate the blowing angle of taper pile；By surveying and locating
Vertical pile center squeeze into reinforcing bar on the ground as mark；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, rock-soil layer residing for the pile body section of vertical stake and taper pile and supporting course is argillic horizon,
Pore-forming uses long screw auger drilled dry form；Choose a unit pile foundation position, vertical stake diameter 0.6 meter, total length 16.8 meters, bottom circle
The height of wimble fraction is 0.8 meter, and outside diameter is 1.2 meters；First with 0.6 meter of long-spiral drilling machine bit bore of diameter 16.8 meters, then
Bottom outside diameter 1.2 meters, the tapered segment of highly 0.8 meter is expanded with reamer；Sediment at the bottom of hole is checked, to heavy at the bottom of hole after pore-forming
Slag is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and the bore portions of steel reinforcement cage uses one side
Welding, steel reinforcement cage places concrete protective block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole every 1.5 meters；Steel reinforcement cage by main muscle, add
Strength muscle, spiral bar form, and main muscle is the reinforcing bar of 12 diameters 16 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into is every
Arranging one every two meters, spiral bar is the reinforcing bar of diameter 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Use catheter irrigation normal direction vertical
Placing concrete in stake holes, concrete grade C30, the grating of concrete crushed stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, reserve perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile, taper pile hole cuts 0.1 meter with two ends vertical stake
Pore-forming, the diameter of taper pile 0.6 meter, a length of 17.65 meters, determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.6 meter, a length of 17.65 meters of hole；Taper pile hole
Pore-forming is after pouring vertical pile concrete 3 hours, carry out in 5 days；Sediment at the bottom of hole is checked after pore-forming, anti-to sediment pumping at the bottom of hole
Sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out by circulation cleaning hole；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage is placed concrete every 1.5 meters and protected
Protect block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；The steel reinforcement cage of taper pile is made up of main muscle, muscle of putting more energy into, spiral bar, and main muscle is 12
The reinforcing bar that diameter is 16 millimeters, muscle of putting more energy into is the reinforcing bar of diameter 14 millimeters, and muscle of putting more energy into arranges one every two meters, and spiral bar is diameter
The reinforcing bar of 6 millimeters, spiral bar spacing 20 millimeters；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C30, the rubble of concrete
Grating 13 centimetres；
Step 6, tie-beam is constructed, is abolished part stake top concrete and expose vertical stake top and the steel reinforcement cage at taper pile top, expose
A length of 0.6 meter of reinforcing bar；In a unit pile foundation, the line of centres of four vertical stakes is attached on the basis of being constituted square
The surveying setting-out of beam, carries out soil excavation by tie-beam square cross sectional dimension plus template size, lays the mould of tie-beam
Plate；The cross-sectional width of tie-beam 0.8 meter, height are 0.8 meter；The reinforcing bar of tie-beam is made up of main muscle, main muscle diameter 18 millimeters,
The main muscle number of plies 2 layers, every layer of radical of main muscle 6；The steel reinforcement cage that tie-beam reinforcing bar is exposed by design and vertical stake, the stake top of taper pile
Colligation is together；It is attached pouring of beam concrete, tie-beam concrete grade C30, commodity in use concrete；
Step 7, tie-beam maintenance, tie-beam is carried out natural curing, form removal after maintenance 21 days；Lead after placing concrete
Vertical stake, taper pile and tie-beam form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
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| CN109371958A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-22 | 庞贵春 | A kind of taper pile construction method |
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