CN106120833A - A kind of underground truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of underground truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106120833A CN106120833A CN201610709690.7A CN201610709690A CN106120833A CN 106120833 A CN106120833 A CN 106120833A CN 201610709690 A CN201610709690 A CN 201610709690A CN 106120833 A CN106120833 A CN 106120833A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to pile foundation engineering technology, especially a kind of underground truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof.The pile foundation of the present invention includes one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation is made up of four vertical stakes stood in Rock And Soil, it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, is interconnected to constitute truss structure with taper pile between adjacent vertical stake；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or obtuse angle；Present invention additionally comprises the construction method of pile foundation.It can strengthen integral rigidity between pile foundation, improve pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, reduces foundation uneven settlement, reduction of erection time, reduction construction costs, simple in construction, easy construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pile foundation engineering technology, especially relate to a kind of underground truss-like pile foundation and construction method thereof.
Background technology
Pile foundation is the formal long ancient base form of a kind of history, before the mankind have historical records, just has natural material to do
The pile body become, such as timber and stone mar, in the middle of the 19th century after, concrete-pile and reinforced concrete pile came out, 20 years 20th century
After generation and World War II, pile foundation is in the great development stage, the early 1940s after artificial digging pile comes out, and bores
Hole pouring pile is succeeded in developing along with high-power drilling machine and is come out, and China's application bored concrete pile starts from early 1960s, opens
Begin to be used as bridge and harbour construction basis.
Through the development of thousands of years, pile foundation engineering was in terms of construction method, pile foundation material, pile foundation machinery, pile measurement etc.
All achieve huge achievement, define stable modern foundation engineering system.Pile foundation is segmented into non-squeezing by pile making method
Soil stake, part Squeezing Soil Pile and Squeezing Soil Pile three class, the most non-Squeezing Soil Pile mainly includes that dry working system bores digging hole filling pile, dry working system
Digging hole filling pile, mud off method cast-in-situ bored pile, sleeve protection method of pipe wall cast-in-situ bored pile etc.；Part Squeezing Soil Pile mainly includes long spiral shell
Spinning fills bored concrete pile, Punching Borehole Cast-in-place Concrete Pile, the squeezed bored concrete pile of boring, stirring strength core stake, prebored hole is squeezed into or Static Pressure Precast Piles, squeezes into
Or the uncovered steel-pipe pile of static pressure type, uncovered prestressing concrete hollow pile and H profile steel stake etc.；Squeezing Soil Pile mainly includes immersed tube bored
Stake, tube immersing ramming grouting pile, squeeze into or Static Pressure Precast Piles, remain silent prestressing concrete hollow pile and closed steel pile tube etc..
Along with economy and the development of capital construction, pile foundation engineering is in industry and civil buildings, bridge, harbour, municipal administration, public affairs
The field such as road, railway uses more and more extensive.
Construction is simple, adapt to the advantages such as various stratum and become employing in various type of foundation owing to having for cast-in-situ bored pile
One of most pile-type, wherein the advantage of large diameter bored pile shows that supporting course is placed in harder rock-soil layer and has
Higher vertical bearing capacity of single pile or Bearing Capacity of Pile Groups, there is bigger vertical single pile stiffness or group's rigidity, pile body may pass through can
Liquefaction soil layers and be supported on stable firm stratum or build-in in basement rock, cause, in earthquake, the situation that superficial part liquefaction of soil falls into shake
Under, profound pile foundation consolidates soil layer by deep and still has enough resistance to compressions and anti-pulling capacity, so that it is guaranteed that skyscraper is steady
Fixed.Since the nineties in 20th century, China's bored concrete pile year usage amount is more than 1,000,000, and in heavy construction, the expense on basis has
The 25%～35% of Shi Keda civil engineering total cost.At present, conventional in engineering construction pile foundation form also has artificial digging pile, immersed tube
Bored concrete pile, squeeze into or Static Pressure Precast Piles, compacted bearing disk pile etc..In engineering construction, pile foundation and top cushion cap are linked together
Constitute Piled-box foundaton, pile-raft foundation etc. to bear top-out load.But there is following defect in these pile foundations:
(1) between pile foundation and pile foundation being separate individuality, pile foundation is all substructure that below ground is vertical, stake with
Only by being arranged on the cushion cap connection on stake top between Zhuan, bottom cannot connect into an entirety, and between such pile foundation, integral rigidity is little,
Easily make pile foundation stress and deformation inequality under the vertical uniform load q of top, cause foundation uneven settlement or cause foundation failure to make
Top-out structure occurs destroy or cause top-out structure crack, inclination, unstability.
(2) owing to being only connected by being arranged at the cushion cap on stake top between pile foundation with pile foundation, pile foundation and cushion cap after connecting overall just
Spending little, under horizontal loading, pile foundation is susceptible to failure by shear, causes basis unstability or destruction, thus causes top-out structure
Occur destroy or cause top-out structure crack, inclination, unstability.
(3) bearing capacity of pile foundation is made up of side friction and bottom bearing, and when pile-base supporting layer is positioned at soil layer, pile foundation holds
Load power is based on side friction, and bottom bearing proportion is little, and bearing capacity of pile foundation to be improved only adds timber pile footpath or increase stake is long, this
Sample can strengthen engineering cost.
(4) by the conventional straight stake design of current pile foundation, under same formation, single pile stiffness to be improved, pile foundation stability, carry
High pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, only add timber pile footpath or increase stake long, so can extend the duration, increase engineering make
Valency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of underground truss-like pile foundation and construction party thereof
Method, it can strengthen integral rigidity between pile foundation, improve pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, reduces basis uneven heavy
Fall, reduction of erection time, reduction construction costs, simple in construction, easy construction.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of underground truss-like pile foundation, including one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation is stood by four
Vertical stake composition in Rock And Soil, it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn, adjacent lead
Hang down and be interconnected to constitute truss structure with taper pile between stake；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or obtuse angle.
Vertical stake is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage with taper pile, the diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0
50 meters of rice, concrete grade C25 C35；The diameter of taper pile 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 75 meters, concrete grade
C25—C35。
In unit pile foundation, the centre-to-centre spacing along the adjacent two vertical stakes on the square limit of level cross-sectionn is 1 meter 8 meters.
A kind of underground truss-like pile base construction method, comprises the steps:
Step one, carries out the preparation before pore-forming, carries out construction lofting according to design drawing, make each vertical stake and
The position of taper pile；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, select pore-forming mode according to the strata condition of Rock And Soil；Choose a unit pile foundation position
Put, the diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters；Determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 used by vertical stake holes
1.5 meters of rice, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage is every 1.5 meters of placements
Concrete protective block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in vertical stake holes, concrete grade C25
C35, the grating of concrete crushed stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, behind after pouring vertical pile concrete 2 hours of taper pile hole pore-forming, enters in 24 hours
OK, reserving perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile, 0.1 0.5 meters of pore-formings are cut in taper pile hole and two ends vertical stake；The diameter of taper pile
0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters, drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter 1.5 meters used by taper pile hole, hole depth 2.0 meter 75
Rice；Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C25 C35, coagulation
The grating 13 centimetres of soil rubble；After pouring, vertical stake and taper pile form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
The method have the advantages that
(1) being interconnected to form truss structure between pile foundation and pile foundation, pile foundation connects into an entirety, overall between pile foundation
Rigidity is big, under the vertical uniform load q of top pile foundation uniform force, foundation uneven settlement can be reduced, it is ensured that the inclination of building
Less than allowed band, the beneficially safety of top-out structure.
(2) after being connected formation truss structure between pile foundation with pile foundation, the flat weight bearing power of water resistant improves, and integral rigidity is big,
Under horizontal loading, failure by shear is less likely to occur pile foundation, favourable to base fixed, can strengthen Antiseismic building performance.
(3) end resistance has effect of depth, and when stake end embedded depth is less than a certain marginal value, extreme end hinders with the degree of depth
Linearly increasing, more than being then held essentially constant after this degree of depth, therefore, for end-bearing pile not stake the longer the better, long in stake
Hold bearing surface to amass in the case of Yi Ding bearing capacity of pile foundation is played a decisive role.The taper pile of the present invention is leverage stress, and soil layer is mutual
Acting in addition to producing a part of side friction, taper pile is vertical and soil layer contact area is also multiplied, and therefore bottom bearing is the most significantly
Degree increases, and bottom bearing and straight stake that taper pile increases cooperatively undertake upper load effect, are not so increasing the situation that stake is long
Under, use truss-like pile foundation can improve bearing capacity of pile foundation, reduce engineering cost.
(4) good rigidity of underground truss-like pile foundation, bearing capacity are by force, and stake straight with routine design is compared, under same formation,
Single pile stiffness, pile foundation stability can be improved, improve pile foundation vertical and horizontal loading bearing capacity, it is not necessary to add timber pile footpath or increasing
Staking is long, can the reduction of erection time, reduce construction costs, stake several more than 30% can be reduced compared with conventional stake design.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention underground truss-like pile foundation in straight stake and taper pile distribution schematic diagram (along horizontal cross-section
Face).
Fig. 2 is along A A or the straight stake of B B section and taper pile distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is straight stake and the taper pile distribution schematic diagram in Fig. 1 along C C section.
In figure: 1. straight stake (vertical stake), 2. taper pile, 3. Rock And Soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention be described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
It is a kind of underground truss-like pile foundation as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, including the straight stake 1 stood in Rock And Soil 3, and straight stake
The taper pile 2 that 1 links together, straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 are interconnected to form one in the truss-like stake of integrally-built underground.This reality
The underground truss-like pile foundation executing example is made up of four unit pile foundations；Each unit pile foundation is made up of 4 straight stakes 1, every straight stake 1 point
Not being positioned at level cross-sectionn is on foursquare four angles, is interconnected to constitute truss-like knot with taper pile 2 between adjacent straight stake 1
Structure, taper pile 2 is not vertical with straight stake 1, but acutangulates or obtuse angle.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, straight stake 1 links together with the top of taper pile 2, and the lower end of taper pile 2 is with the straight stake 1 of another root even
It is connected together, forms underground truss-like pile foundation by that analogy.Straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 be connected to straight stake holes, taper pile hole pore-forming after put
After entering steel reinforcement cage placing concrete, i.e. linking together after concrete setting, straight stake 1 with taper pile 2 junction penetraction depth is
0.1 meter.
In the Rock And Soil that straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 locate below ground level, the square length of side of the level cross-sectionn of unit pile foundation is
3 meters.
Straight stake 1 is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage, the diameter of straight stake 1 0.6 meter, length 18 meters, concrete grade C30.
Taper pile 2 is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.6 meter, length 18.16 meters, concrete 3 label
C30。
In the present embodiment, engineering present position strata condition is from ground from top to down: clay, thickness 26 meters；Opaque glues
Soil, thickness 7 meters；Flour sand, thickness 11 meters, pile-base supporting layer is positioned at argillic horizon.
A kind of underground truss-like pile base construction method, comprises the steps:
Step one, carries out the preparation before pore-forming, carries out construction lofting according to design drawing, with theodolite, total powerstation
Releasing construction axis etc. measuring instrument, setting-out makes each straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2 and at construction stake sample chart display, meter
Calculate the blowing angle of taper pile 2；Reinforcing bar is squeezed on the ground as mark in straight stake 1 center of surveying and locating；
Step 2, straight stake holes pore-forming, rock-soil layer residing for straight stake 1 and the pile body section of taper pile 2 and supporting course is clay
Layer, pore-forming uses long screw auger drilled dry form；Choose a unit pile foundation position, straight stake 1 diameter 0.6 meter, length 18 meters, straight stake holes
Use long-spiral drilling machine pore-forming, long-spiral drilling machine bit diameter 0.6 meter, hole depth 18 meters；
Step 3, waters straight stake 1 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in straight stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in straight stake holes, concrete grade C30, concrete is broken
The grating of stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, taper pile hole pore-forming after watering 3 hours after straight stake 1 concrete, carry out in 8 hours,
Perforate direction is reserved in orientation according to taper pile 2, and 0.1 meter of pore-forming is cut in taper pile hole and the straight stake in two ends 1, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.6 meter,
Length 18.16 meters, taper pile hole long-spiral drilling machine pore-forming, long-spiral drilling machine bit diameter 0.6 meter, hole length 18.16 meters；After pore-forming
Check sediment at the bottom of hole, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 5, waters taper pile 2 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C30, concrete
Macadam gradating 13 centimetres；
After placing concrete, straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
The present embodiment with all use straight-bar stakes compared with type pile foundation engineering, improve the integral rigidity of pile foundation and hold
Load power, minimizing foundation uneven settlement, it was predicted that can reduce stake several 35%, construction costs saving 30%, duration shift to an earlier date 15 days.
Embodiment 2:
The structure of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows.
Straight stake 1 is 0.2 meter with taper pile 2 junction penetraction depth.
In the Rock And Soil that straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 locate below ground level, the square length of side of the level cross-sectionn of unit pile foundation is
6 meters.
Straight stake 1 is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage, the diameter of straight stake 1 0.8 meter, the length of straight stake 1 16 meters, concrete mark
Number C35.
Taper pile 2 is become with concrete casting by steel reinforcement cage, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.8 meter, taper pile 2 length 16.95 meters, concrete
Label C35.
In the present embodiment, engineering present position strata condition is from ground from top to down: miscellaneous fill, thickness 3.6 meters；Powder
Matter clay, thickness 5 meters；Clay, thickness 8 meters；Sandy silt, thickness 6 meters；Layer of sand, thickness 21 meters, pile-base supporting layer is positioned at opaque
Sand.
A kind of underground truss-like pile base construction method, comprises the steps:
Step one, carries out the preparation before pore-forming, carries out construction lofting according to design drawing, with theodolite, total powerstation
Releasing construction axis etc. measuring instrument, setting-out makes each straight stake 1 and the position of taper pile 2 and at construction stake sample chart display, meter
Calculate the blowing angle of taper pile 2；Reinforcing bar is squeezed on the ground as mark in straight stake 1 center of surveying and locating；
Step 2, straight stake holes pore-forming, stratum residing for the pile body section of straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 be miscellaneous fill, silty clay,
Argillic horizon, rock-soil layer residing for supporting course is argillic horizon, and pore-forming uses mud off rotary drilling form；Choose a unit pile foundation position
Put, straight stake 1 diameter 0.8 meter, length 16 meters, slewing drilling machine bit diameter 0.8 meter, hole depth 16 meters；
Step 3, waters straight stake 1 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in straight stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in straight stake holes, concrete grade C35, concrete is broken
The grating of stone 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, reserve perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile 2, taper pile hole stake straight with two ends 1 is cut
0.2 meter of pore-forming, the diameter of taper pile 2 0.8 meter, length 16.95 meters, drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.8 meter, hole length 16.95 meters；Examine after pore-forming
Look into sediment at the bottom of hole, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out by the clear hole of sediment Pump breath countercirculate at the bottom of hole；
Step 5, waters taper pile 2 concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C35, concrete
The grating of rubble 13 centimetres；
After placing concrete, straight stake 1 and taper pile 2 form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
The present embodiment with all use straight-bar stakes compared with type pile foundation engineering, improve pile foundation integral rigidity and
Bearing capacity, minimizing foundation uneven settlement, it was predicted that stake several 36% can be reduced, construction costs saving 31%, duration shift to an earlier date 12 days,
Improve project progress and achieve good Social benefit and economic benefit.
Claims (5)
1. a underground truss-like pile foundation, is characterized in that: include one and more than one unit pile foundation, each unit pile foundation by
The vertical stake composition that four are stood in Rock And Soil, it is on foursquare four angles that every vertical stake lays respectively at level cross-sectionn,
It is interconnected to constitute truss structure with taper pile between adjacent vertical stake；Taper pile is not vertical with vertical stake, but acutangulates or blunt
Angle.
A kind of underground the most according to claim 1 truss-like pile foundation, is characterized in that: vertical stake and taper pile by steel reinforcement cage and mix
Solidifying soil waters into, the diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters, concrete grade C25 C35；Taper pile
Diameter 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 75 meters, concrete grade C25 C35.
A kind of underground the most according to claim 1 truss-like pile foundation, is characterized in that: along level cross-sectionn in unit pile foundation
The centre-to-centre spacing of the adjacent two vertical stakes on square limit is 1 meter 8 meters.
A kind of underground the most according to claim 1 truss-like pile base construction method, comprises the steps:
Step one, carries out the preparation before pore-forming, carries out construction lofting according to design drawing, makes each vertical stake and taper pile
Position；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, select pore-forming mode according to the strata condition of Rock And Soil；Choose a unit pile foundation position,
The diameter of vertical stake 0.3 meter 1.5 meters, length 2.0 meters 50 meters；Determine drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter used by vertical stake holes
1.5 meters, hole depth 2.0 meters 50 meters；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in vertical stake holes, concrete grade C25 C35, mixed
The grating 13 centimetres of solidifying soil rubble；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, behind after pouring vertical pile concrete 2 hours of taper pile hole pore-forming, carry out in 24 hours, root
Reserving perforate direction according to the orientation of taper pile, 0.1 0.5 meters of pore-formings are cut in taper pile hole and two ends vertical stake；The diameter 0.3 of taper pile
1.5 meters of rice, length 2.0 meters 50 meters, drill bit of drilling machine diameter 0.3 meter 1.5 meters used by taper pile hole, hole depth 2.0 meters 75 meters；
Check sediment at the bottom of hole after pore-forming, sediment at the bottom of hole is cleaned out with drawing slag cylinder；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage is placed concrete every 1.5 meters and protected
Protect block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C25 C35, concrete is broken
The grating of stone 13 centimetres；After pouring, vertical stake and taper pile form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
A kind of underground the most according to claim 4 truss-like pile base construction method, comprises the steps:
Step one, carries out the preparation before pore-forming, carries out construction lofting according to design drawing, surveys with theodolite, total powerstation etc.
Measuring appratus releases construction axis, and setting-out makes each vertical stake and the position of taper pile and at construction stake sample chart display, calculates tiltedly
The blowing angle of stake；The vertical pile center of surveying and locating is squeezed into reinforcing bar on the ground as mark；
Step 2, vertical stake holes pore-forming, rock-soil layer residing for the pile body section of vertical stake and taper pile and supporting course is argillic horizon,
Pore-forming uses long screw auger drilled dry form；Choose a unit pile foundation position, vertical stake diameter 0.6 meter, length 18 meters, vertical stake holes
Use long-spiral drilling machine pore-forming, long-spiral drilling machine bit diameter 0.6 meter, hole depth 18 meters；
Step 3, waters vertical pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in vertical stake holes, and steel reinforcement cage places coagulation every 1.5 meters
Soil protection block is to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in vertical stake holes, concrete grade C30, concrete
The grating of rubble 13 centimetres；
Step 4, taper pile hole pore-forming, behind after pouring vertical pile concrete 3 hours of taper pile hole pore-forming, carry out in 8 hours, root
Perforate direction, taper pile hole and two ends vertical stake 0.1 meter of pore-forming of incision, the diameter of taper pile 0.6 meter, length is reserved according to the orientation of taper pile
18.16 meters, taper pile hole long-spiral drilling machine pore-forming, long-spiral drilling machine bit diameter 0.6 meter, hole length 18.16 meters；Check after pore-forming
Sediment at the bottom of hole, cleans out with drawing slag cylinder sediment at the bottom of hole；
Step 5, waters taper pile concrete, first puts into steel reinforcement cage in taper pile hole, and steel reinforcement cage is placed concrete every 1.5 meters and protected
Protect block to ensure that steel reinforcement cage occupy the center in hole；Placing concrete in taper pile hole, concrete grade C30, the rubble of concrete
Grating 13 centimetres；
After placing concrete, vertical stake and taper pile form integrally-built underground truss-like pile foundation.
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| CN110409486A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-05 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | A kind of stable brace foundation of cross a river bridge |
| CN112982466A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 武汉科技大学 | Miniature oblique single pile structure |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |