CN106243313B - 一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106243313B
CN106243313B CN201610727252.3A CN201610727252A CN106243313B CN 106243313 B CN106243313 B CN 106243313B CN 201610727252 A CN201610727252 A CN 201610727252A CN 106243313 B CN106243313 B CN 106243313B
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刘娅林
刘杰华
马金明
闫克辉
孙海园
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SHANDONG TIANQING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂,并进一步公开其制备方法。本发明所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂精选高聚物二元醇、二异氰酸酯、铋磺酸基催化剂、二羟基羧酸、小分子二元醇、甲乙酮肟、三乙胺、水合肼、N,N‑二乙基甲酰胺以及水为制备原料,通过特定配方和工艺,使树脂在成膜过程中形成独特的复合结构,当光线射入时,形成不同方向和层次的折射和反射,从而产生消光效果,使得所得树脂具有很好的消光性能。

Description

一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂,并进一步公开其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,人们的审美观念也在随之倾向于多样化、时尚化。粉末涂料以其美观且经济、环保、高效和性能卓越等优点,正逐渐替代有机溶剂型涂料,成为涂料行业中的重要发展方向,并一直保持着较快的增长速度。尤其近年来,具有视觉柔和、涂装效果休闲、时尚优势的亚光或者无光的装饰材料越发的受到人们的喜爱。
目前,粉末涂料均是通过添加特殊助剂或混合树脂来获得亚光效果的。所谓消光就是利用一定的方法使涂膜表面的光泽度降下来,其原理是控制不同组分或其中一部分的固化快慢的不同而导致涂膜收缩不同,进而形成不规则的表面结构。结合涂膜表面光泽产生的机理和影响光泽的因素,人们认为消光就是采用各种手段,破坏涂膜的光滑性,增大涂膜表面的微观粗糙度,降低涂膜表面对光线的反射。常用的消光方法一般分为物理消光和化学消光两种方式:物理消光剂是加入消光剂使涂料在成膜过程表面产生凹凸不平增大对光的散射和减少反射;化学消光是靠在涂料中引入一些例如聚丙酯接枝物质类能吸收光线的结构或基团来获得低光泽。
目前常见的消光涂料均是采用物理消光,即在涂料中加入消光填料,虽然其制得涂料的亚光性能较好,但是,消光填料的分散过程中需要借助高分子分散剂、润湿剂、防沉剂等各种助剂,造成涂料的制备过程繁琐而复杂;而且,消光填料在放置过程中,会随着放置时间的延长而出现沉淀,其消光稳定性较差,对水性消光涂料的应用造成不必要的麻烦;再者,大量添加粉体材料会导致涂层脆性增大,刮痕比较明显,严重影响其使用性能。
发明内容
为此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂,以解决现有技术中亚光粉末涂料需要添加消光剂导致其性能不稳定的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:高聚物二元醇100-200重量份、二异氰酸酯45-80重量份、铋磺酸基催化剂0.1-0.2重量份、二羟基羧酸8-14重量份、小分子二元醇1-10重量份、甲乙酮肟3-8重量份、三乙胺6-10.6重量份、水合肼1-5重量份、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺50-80重量份以及水310-650重量份。
所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂的制备原料包括:高聚物二元醇150重量份、二异氰酸酯60重量份、铋磺酸基催化剂0.15重量份、二羟基羧酸11重量份、小分子二元醇5重量份、甲乙酮肟5重量份、三乙胺8重量份、水合肼3重量份、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺65重量份以及水480重量份。
所述的高聚物二元醇为聚碳酸酯二元醇和/或聚四氢呋喃二醇。
所述的高聚物二元醇的分子量为650-3000。
所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、己二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物。
所述铋磺酸基催化剂为甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)3。
所述二羟基羧酸为二羟甲基丙酸和/或二羟甲基丁酸。
所述小分子二元醇为1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明还公开了一种制备所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇进行真空干燥,并控制温度70-75℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、部分所述小分子二元醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于70-100℃进行反应;
(3)随后将反应物降温至60-65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于65-80℃进行反应;
(4)随后将反应物降温至50-60℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,于65-75℃进行反应;
(5)随后将反应物降温至50-55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应;
(6)将反应后所得料液加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散,随后加入选定量的水合肼,分散后即得蓝光半透明或蓝光乳白的水性聚氨酯乳液。
所述步骤(2)中添加的所述小分子二元醇和步骤(3)中添加的所述小分子二元醇的质量比为1:1.5-3。
所述步骤(1)中,所述真空干燥步骤是在110-120℃温度、200-400P压力下进行的。
本发明所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂精选高聚物二元醇、二异氰酸酯、铋磺酸基催化剂、二羟基羧酸、小分子二元醇、甲乙酮肟、三乙胺、水合肼、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及水为制备原料,通过特定配方和工艺,使树脂在成膜过程中形成独特的复合结构,当光线射入时,形成不同方向和层次的折射和反射,从而产生消光效果,使得所得树脂具有很好的消光性能。而制备涂料时,可以不添加任何粉体消光填料,即可产生消光的效果。与传统消光涂料想比较,本发明所述聚氨酯树脂可以不添加任何粉体材料,在取得消光的前提下,最大限度的保留了聚氨酯树脂良好的物理性能,而且和溶剂型消光树脂相比较,环保效果显著。本发明所述聚氨酯树脂使用简便,涂层均匀,消光效果好,且使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:
相对分子质量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二元醇100kg及相对分子质量为650的聚四氢呋喃二元醇22.3kg的混合物;
二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯69.8kg;
甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)30.18kg;
二羟甲基丁酸11.82kg;
1,6-己二醇1.4kg与1,4-丁二醇1.06kg的混合物;
甲乙酮肟3kg;
三乙胺8.06kg;
水合肼1kg;
N,N-二乙基甲酰胺50kg;
水448kg。
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇,加入到带有搅拌装置、温度计、冷凝装置的真空干燥反应釜中,加热至110℃,并用真空泵在200P的压力下抽真空干燥0.5小时,然后将所述高聚物二元醇降温至70℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、0.84kg的1,6-己二醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,加入反应釜中与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于70℃进行反应2.5h;
(3)随后将反应物降温至65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于65℃进行反应4h;
(4)随后将反应物降温至60℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,滴加完后,于65℃进行反应40min;
(5)随后将反应物降温至55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应30min;
(6)将反应后所得料液在剪切搅拌下加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散10min,随后加入选定量的水合肼,继续分散5分钟,即得固含量为30.5%的蓝光半透明的水性聚氨酯乳液。
实施例2
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:
相对分子质量为1000的聚四氢呋喃二元醇100kg;
己二异氰酸酯50.4kg;
甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)30.2kg;
二羟甲基丙酸8kg;
1,4-丁二醇1kg;
甲乙酮肟3.95kg;
三乙胺6.03kg;
水合肼2.38kg;
N,N-二乙基甲酰胺55kg;
水310kg。
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇,加入到带有搅拌装置、温度计、冷凝装置的真空干燥反应釜中,加热至115℃,并用真空泵在260P的压力下抽真空干燥0.5小时,然后将所述高聚物二元醇降温至75℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、0.3kg的1,4-丁二醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,加入反应釜中与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于100℃进行反应2h;
(3)随后将反应物降温至65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于80℃进行反应2h;
(4)随后将反应物降温至55℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,滴加完后,于70℃进行反应30min;
(5)随后将反应物降温至52℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应20min;
(6)将反应后所得料液在剪切搅拌下加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散20min,随后加入选定量的水合肼,继续分散5分钟,即得固含量为31.9%的蓝光乳白的水性聚氨酯乳液。
实施例3
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:
相对分子质量为1000的聚碳酸酯二元醇110kg及相对分子质量为3000的聚四氢呋喃二元醇90kg的混合物;
异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯80kg;
甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)30.1kg;
二羟甲基丁酸14kg;
新戊二醇3.12kg、1,6-己二醇2.38kg与1,4-丁二醇4.5kg的混合物;
甲乙酮肟8kg;
三乙胺10.6kg;
水合肼5kg;
N,N-二乙基甲酰胺80kg;
水648kg。
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇,加入到带有搅拌装置、温度计、冷凝装置的真空干燥反应釜中,加热至120℃,并用真空泵在400P的压力下抽真空干燥1小时,然后将所述高聚物二元醇降温至70℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、3.12kg的新戊二醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,加入反应釜中与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于88℃进行反应1.5h;
(3)随后将反应物降温至65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于70℃进行反应3h;
(4)随后将反应物降温至50℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,滴加完后,于75℃进行反应30min;
(5)随后将反应物降温至50℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应25min;
(6)将反应后所得料液在剪切搅拌下加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散15min,随后加入选定量的水合肼,继续分散5分钟,即得固含量为31.06%的蓝光半透明的水性聚氨酯乳液。
实施例4
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:
相对分子质量为2000的聚碳酸酯二元醇115.2kg及相对分子质量为650的聚四氢呋喃二元醇65.7kg的混合物;
己二异氰酸酯45kg;
甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)30.15kg;
二羟甲基丙酸12.9kg;
1,4-丁二醇9kg;
甲乙酮肟6.87kg;
三乙胺9.72kg;
水合肼4.21kg;
N,N-二乙基甲酰胺65kg;
水650kg。
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇,加入到带有搅拌装置、温度计、冷凝装置的真空干燥反应釜中,加热至120℃,并用真空泵在300P的压力下抽真空干燥1小时,然后将所述高聚物二元醇降温至70℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、2.7kg的1,4-丁二醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,加入反应釜中与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于90℃进行反应2.5h;
(3)随后将反应物降温至65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于75℃进行反应2.5h;
(4)随后将反应物降温至57℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,滴加完后,于72℃进行反应20min;
(5)随后将反应物降温至55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应10min;
(6)将反应后所得料液在剪切搅拌下加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散15min,随后加入选定量的水合肼,继续分散5分钟,即得固含量为30.57%的蓝光半透明的水性聚氨酯乳液。
实施例5
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备原料包括:
相对分子质量为2000的聚碳酸酯二元醇150kg;
二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯60kg;
甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)30.15kg;
二羟甲基丙酸11kg;
新戊二醇5kg;
甲乙酮肟5kg;
三乙胺8kg;
水合肼3kg;
N,N-二乙基甲酰胺65kg;
水480kg。
本实施例所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇,加入到带有搅拌装置、温度计、冷凝装置的真空干燥反应釜中,加热至120℃,并用真空泵在300P的压力下抽真空干燥1小时,然后将所述高聚物二元醇降温至70℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、2kg的新戊二醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,加入反应釜中与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于90℃进行反应2.5h;
(3)随后将反应物降温至65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于80℃进行反应2.5h;
(4)随后将反应物降温至50℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,滴加完后,于65℃进行反应20min;
(5)随后将反应物降温至55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应10min;
(6)将反应后所得料液在剪切搅拌下加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散15min,随后加入选定量的水合肼,继续分散5分钟,即得固含量为33.57%的蓝光半透明的水性聚氨酯乳液。
实验例
应用例1-5
取上述实施例1-5中制备的水性聚氨酯乳液制备所述亚光涂料,具体制备原料包括:实施例1-5中制备的所述聚氨酯乳液250kg、环氧树脂250kg、TiO2150kg、硫酸钡200kg、流平剂5kg、安息香6kg。
取上述原料混匀,用螺杆挤出机分别挤出、压片、破碎,然后将片料粉碎过筛制成粉末涂料。粉末涂料采用静电喷枪喷涂在经表面磷化处理后的金属板上,经200℃/10-15min固化,即得涂料涂层。
应用对照例
本应用对照例所述亚光型粉末涂料的制备原料包括:实施例3中制备的所述聚酯树脂300kg、环氧树脂300kg、TiO2200kg、硫酸钡180kg、流平剂10kg、安息香4kg,物理消光剂(Malt agent T360)10kg。
取上述原料混匀,用螺杆挤出机分别挤出、压片、破碎,然后将片料粉碎过筛制成粉末涂料。粉末涂料采用静电喷枪喷涂在经表面磷化处理后的金属板上,经200℃/10-15min固化,即得涂料涂层。
取本发明应用实施例1-5及应用对照例中制得的粉末涂料制得涂层后,再进行各种性能检测。检测性能包括抗冲击性能、光泽度以及贮存稳定性,具体测试结果见下表1。
表1涂层的性能检测
编号 冲击强度50kg.cm 光泽度60℃ 贮存试验40℃,120h 弯曲性能(Φ2mm)
应用实施例1 通过 10° 通过 通过
应用实施例2 通过 10° 通过 通过
应用实施例3 通过 通过 通过
应用实施例4 通过 通过 通过
应用实施例5 通过 通过 通过
应用对照例 通过 12° 未通过 通过
检测数据显示,本发明所述水性聚氨酯其自身即具有较好的消光性能,因此,在制备所需亚光涂料时,无需再额外添加消光剂即可以获得较低的光泽度,完全满足室内涂装之需要。而现有技术中常规的添加物理消光剂所获得的涂层,虽然其亚光性能较好,但其贮存性能则略显欠缺,影响其使用效果。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

1.一种水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,其制备原料由如下组分组成:高聚物二元醇100-200重量份、二异氰酸酯45-80重量份、铋磺酸基催化剂0.1-0.2重量份、二羟基羧酸8-14重量份、小分子二元醇1-10重量份、甲乙酮肟3-8重量份、三乙胺6-10.6重量份、水合肼1-5重量份、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺50-80重量份以及水310-650重量份;
所述水性聚氨酯消光树脂制备的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇进行真空干燥,并控制温度70-75℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、部分所述小分子二元醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于70-100℃进行反应;
(3)随后将反应物降温至60-65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于65-80℃进行反应;
(4)随后将反应物降温至50-60℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,于65-75℃进行反应;
(5)随后将反应物降温至50-55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应;
(6)将反应后所得料液加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散,随后加入选定量的水合肼,分散后即得蓝光半透明或蓝光乳白的水性聚氨酯乳液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,其制备原料由如下组分组成:高聚物二元醇150重量份、二异氰酸酯60重量份、铋磺酸基催化剂0.15重量份、二羟基羧酸11重量份、小分子二元醇5重量份、甲乙酮肟5重量份、三乙胺8重量份、水合肼3重量份、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺65重量份以及水480重量份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述的高聚物二元醇为聚碳酸酯二元醇和/或聚四氢呋喃二醇。
4.根据权利要求3所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述的高聚物二元醇的分子量为650-3000。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、己二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述铋磺酸基催化剂为甲基磺酸铋Bi(CH3SO3)3
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述二羟基羧酸为二羟甲基丙酸和/或二羟甲基丁酸。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂,其特征在于,所述小分子二元醇为1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
9.一种制备权利要求1-8任一项所述的水性聚氨酯消光树脂的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)取选定量的所述高聚物二元醇进行真空干燥,并控制温度70-75℃,备用;
(2)取选定量的所述二异氰酸酯、部分所述小分子二元醇及所述铋磺酸基催化剂,与所述高聚物二元醇混匀,于70-100℃进行反应;
(3)随后将反应物降温至60-65℃,并加入选定量的所述二羟基羧酸、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺以及余量的所述小分子二元醇混匀,于65-80℃进行反应;
(4)随后将反应物降温至50-60℃,并加入选定量的所述甲乙酮肟,于65-75℃进行反应;
(5)随后将反应物降温至50-55℃,并加入选定量的三乙胺进行中和反应;
(6)将反应后所得料液加入选定量的水混匀,进行均质分散,随后加入选定量的水合肼,分散后即得蓝光半透明或蓝光乳白的水性聚氨酯乳液。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备水性聚氨酯消光树脂的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中添加的所述小分子二元醇和步骤(3)中添加的所述小分子二元醇的质量比为1:1.5-3。
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