CN106220421A - The barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioner and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
The barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioner and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106220421A CN106220421A CN201610583990.5A CN201610583990A CN106220421A CN 106220421 A CN106220421 A CN 106220421A CN 201610583990 A CN201610583990 A CN 201610583990A CN 106220421 A CN106220421 A CN 106220421A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B5/00—Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioner and using method thereof, this conditioner is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: distiller grains base charcoal 25~35 parts, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10~20 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 5~10 parts, potassium humate 10~20 parts, rapeseed cake powder 10~20 parts, alkali lignin 1~5 parts, wood vinegar 1~5 parts, trace element 5~10 parts.According to different pH value when of use, use the barren acidified soil conditioner in Guizhou of different amounts.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, and raw material can be gathered materials on the spot, and easily obtains, and cost price is cheap;Prevent from using single conditioner, cause soil compaction;Increase soil aggregate, improve soil property.The present invention can also regulate soil C/N ratio, solve " to take many to few " from soil for a long time and cause continuous cropping obstacle, degradation problem soil fertility, improve the benign cycle of soil beneficial microbe vigor, beneficially soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, be specifically related to a kind of barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioning
Agent and preparation and application thereof.
Background technology
The problems such as Guizhou belongs to In The Low Mountain-hill Region, and soil layer is relatively thin, karst areaization is serious, a large amount of rainfalls cause soil
Leaching is serious, it is easy to cause fertilizer apply rear nutrient cannot accumulate, the generation of the phenomenon such as loss in a large number, agricultural production is come by this
Say it is a great problem.Yellow earth is the zonal soil that Guizhou Province's area is maximum, and area totally 738.4 ten thousand hm2 accounts for the total face of the whole province's soil
Long-pending 46.4%, the current pH highly acid yellow earth area less than 5.5 accounts for the yellow earth gross area 41.2%, and the acid (aluminum of acid yellow soil
Poison) and thin (nutrient dificiency and effectiveness are low) become limit local agricultural production and affect environmental quality principal element it
One.
High level featured agriculture, as Folium Camelliae sinensis, veterinary antibiotics etc. occupy critical role in agricultural economy in Guizhou province, but for a long time
Use chemical fertilizer in a large number, add and irrational under intensive cropping use chemical fertilizer, more increased the weight of the acidifying of soil, caused soil
The unbalanced problem of nutrient highlights, and the generation of soil-borne disease is serious.As Guizhou improve literature area large area intensive cropping Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae
Being susceptible to clubroot, the Maize at Seedling Stage of the ground acid ground plantations such as crow is worked as, Anshun starts to find that phosphorus deficiency is serious, causes sending out Seedling not
The phenomenon such as neat, directly affects the development of local agricultural economy.
During soil peracid, on the one hand, the hydrion of high concentration can make the protein coagulating in crop root or dissolving, makes
Enzymatic inactivation;On the other hand, soil peracid can make the quantity of the elements such as soil activation aluminum, ferrum, manganese increase, and affects crop root cell
Division and Repiration, serious causes the symptoms such as plant poisoning, and the elements such as substantial amounts of activated aluminum, ferrum, manganese cause phosphoric acid
Being fixed and phosphorus deficiency, meanwhile, monovalence or bivalent cation such as potassium, calcium, magnesium etc. are substituted onto the soil liquid by hydrion from colloid
In, and lack because it runs off, cause crop seedling dead, affect the problem such as yield and quality of crop.On acid ground,
Leguminous vegetable is due to the weak and dysplasia of growth of root fungus tumor, and brassicaceous vegetable easily gives birth to clubroot, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, and the susceptible green grass or young crops of Fructus Solani melongenae is withered
Disease, quality of vegetable is significantly affected.Visible, soil fertility obstacle that under intensive farming, soil acidification and soil acidification are derivative and soil
Pass disease and become the bottleneck of Guizhou major economic crops sustainable development.
Research about acidified soil conditioner and application thereof both at home and abroad has a lot, and tradition mode of ameliorating is except Calx and vegetation
Outside ash, the most some other mineral and industrial by-products, such as dolomite, ardealite, ground phosphate rock, flyash etc., also obtain one
Fixed effect.
Above-mentioned is all to apply one or both materials simply to join to execute, its effect and function singleness.This merely to reduce
Mode of ameliorating for the purpose of soil aciditiy, the soil conditioner amount of application of unit are is big, how at tens tons/hectare, uses into
This and labour force are relatively big, easily cause soil nutrient unbalanced simultaneously;The soil acidification that soil is existed and derivative soil fertility thereof
Obstacle and soil-borne disease problem lack comprehensive control function;Existing conditioner for acidified soil does not hinders from soil acidification origin
Control, cures the symptoms, not the disease.But there is no the system exploration taking different modification method for different soil properties, crop and acidifying reason.
Find and develop the multi-functionals such as the derivative soil fertility obstruction recovery of conditioner for acidified soil and soil acidification and soil-borne disease control
Novel (compound and auxotype) acidic soil conditioner become inevitable.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiency in above-mentioned existing barren conditioner for acidified soil, it is provided that a kind of for expensive
State barren acidified soil feature, can be effectively improved soil physical chemistry structure, increase soil aggregate content, can improve again Guizhou
Barren acidified soil fertility, promotes the crop absorption to nutrient, being combined of the environmental protection of raising crop yield and quality simultaneously
Auxotype soil conditioner and preparation and application thereof.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
First, the invention provides a kind of barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioner, this conditioner is by as follows
The raw material of parts by weight is made: distiller grains base charcoal 25~35 parts, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10~20 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 5~10 parts, humic
Acid potassium 10~20 parts, rapeseed cake powder 10~20 parts, alkali lignin 1~5 parts, wood vinegar 1~5 parts, trace element 5~10 parts.
Wherein, described trace element is one or both in boric acid, zinc sulfate.
Wherein, in formula, described distiller grains base charcoal pH >=9.5, organic mass content more than 70%, particle diameter≤
0.5mm;Described yellow phosphorus furnace slag SiO2Content >=25%, CaO content >=35%, P2O5Content >=2.0wt%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;
Described calcium magnesium phosphate CaO content >=16wt%, content of MgO >=26wt%, P2O5>=16wt%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described humic
Acid potassium content of humic acid >=55%, K2O content >=8-11%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;The described rapeseed cake powder content of organic matter >=
30%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described alkali lignin water-insoluble :≤1.5%, pH value: 10~12, moisture content :≤5.0%, fineness: 80
Mesh percent of pass >=95%;In described trace element zinc sulfate, the mass fraction in terms of ZnO is in more than 23%, and soil conditioner
Effectively the content of zinc is at 3.0g/kg~5.0g/kg.
The preparation method of the barren acidifying in this disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth modifying agent, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: according to parts by weight distiller grains base charcoal part of raw material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10~20 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 5~10
Part, potassium humate 10~20 parts, rapeseed cake powder 10~20 parts, trace element 5~10 parts, weigh various raw material;
Step 2: by distiller grains based biomass charcoal, Yellow phosphorus furnace ground-slag, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium humate, rapeseed cake powder, trace unit
Element, order feed intake successively, mix, and are sufficiently stirred for, the mixture being uniformly mixed;
Step 3: the binding agent that the mixture obtained in step 2 is prepared by mixing into by interpolation alkali lignin and wood vinegar is entered
Row mist projection granulating prepares soil conditioner.
Wherein, described distiller grains base charcoal be use water content≤20% Maotai-flavor distiller grains be raw material, take high temperature anaerobic
Cracking produces, and temperature during high temperature anaerobic cracking controls at 350 DEG C~450 DEG C, pH >=9.5, organic mass content
More than 70%, particle diameter≤0.5mm.
The using method of the barren acidifying in this disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth modifying agent, comprises the following steps: before use
To target ground soil sampling, and testing soil pH value;According to different pH value, the barren acidified soil in Guizhou using different amounts changes
Good dose, specific as follows:
As soil pH value < 4.5, the amount of application of barren acidified soil conditioner is 490-540kg/ mu;Work as soil pH value
During for 4.5-5.5, the amount of application of barren acidified soil conditioner is 350-400kg/ mu;When soil pH value is 5.5-6.5, lean
The amount of application of lean acidified soil conditioner is 220-270kg/ mu.The soil depth being manured into soil is 10~20cm, is conducive to changing
Kind Soil structure, administers acidified soil, controls soil-borne disease, provides Meso-and micro-nutrients to crop.
If soil pH value < 4.5, during disease incidence of soil-borne disease >=30%, before using barren acidified soil conditioner, first
Being killed by pathogen with lime nitrogen, the amount of lime nitrogen used is used according to 60kg/ mu, within first 15 days, is manured into soil also in crop-planting
Being ploughed by machinery so that it is fully contact with soil, the consumption of nitrogenous fertilizer subtracts and executes 30%-40% simultaneously, can repair, administer soil acid
Change, prevent and treat soil-borne disease insect pest, it is provided that a great number of elements.Wherein, effective nitrogen content >=16% of lime nitrogen, particle diameter≤0.5mm;
It addition, for same region, described in administered twice, the time between the modifying agent of barren acidifying yellow earth is no less than two
Year.
Distiller grains base charcoal of the present invention prepares raw material distiller grains convenient sources, prepares for Guizhou Maotai-flavor distiller grains.
Charcoal content of beary metal prepared by distiller grains is relatively low, has bigger porosity and specific surface area, and water suction, getter capacity by force, have
It is beneficial to water conservation fertilizer conservation;In addition to containing substantial amounts of polymeric carbohydrate, possibly together with several mineral materials nutrition, it is possible to provide crop
Required nutrient, increases soil fertility;Additionally, charcoal can also provide for the growth of many important microbe and breeding
Favourable condition.
Lime nitrogen, is not only a kind of alkalescence nitrogenous fertilizer, and has effect of parasite killing, herbicide, sterilizing disease-preventing, be also one simultaneously
Plant nitrification inhibitor, the most effectively reduce Nitrification in soil, reduce H+Release, and advantageously reduce nitric acid in soil
Salt leaching migrates, and causes agricultural non-point pollution.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following marked improvement:
Based on distiller grains base charcoal, it is equipped with yellow phosphorus furnace slag, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium humate, rapeseed cake powder, trace element,
Being the modifying agent developed for the barren acidifying in Guizhou yellow earth feature, the improvement to barren acidified soil uses quick-acting and long-acting phase knot
Close, carry out comprehensive improvement.Distiller grains charcoal, in alkalescence (pH > 9.7), can neutralize the active acid in acid ground, and it has
Bigger porosity and specific surface area, water suction, getter capacity are strong, and beneficially water conservation fertilizer conservation, containing several mineral materials nutrition, can carry
Nutrient needed for confession crop can be the growth of many important microbe and breeds the condition providing favourable.Yellow phosphorus furnace slag
And calcium magnesium phosphate, it is possible to improvement soil corrects soil aciditiy, improves soil alkali nutrients such as () phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, promotes have
Machine nutriment in a fertilizer solution, suppresses soil pathogenic bacteria;Silico-calcium can thicken plant cell wall, causes mechanical barrier, prevents fungus from invading and larva is bored
Moth, crop is improved resistance against diseases good action.Potassium humate and rapeseed cake can improve the soda acid buffer capacity of soil, supplement
Potassium in soil and carbon, promote base cation and soil C/N balance, beneficially beneficial microorganism breeding, solves long-term from soil
Earth " take give few " more and cause continuous cropping obstacle, degradation problem under soil fertility.Trace element supplements zinc and the deficiency of boron in yellow earth.
The soil that soil-borne disease occurs seriously is caused, by using barren acidified soil conditioner and stone for soil acidification
Ash nitrogen, wood vinegar compounding application, cut down the acidifying of barren acidified soil from root, realized acidified soil cost-effectively
Repair, prevent and treat soil-borne disease, fast lifting soil fertility, improve crop yield and quality.Reduce single administration lime nitrogen and cause soil
Microbiologic population be seriously damaged and cannot the risk of quick-recovery soon, the beneficially benign cycle of soil.
Using alkali lignin as the binding agent of conditioner, it has preferable caking property, and the viscosity of aqueous solution is along with concentration
Improve and increase.Containing multiple natural activity group and heterogeneous phenolic compound in alkali lignin, easily dropped by the microorganism in soil
Solve, and the humic acid in catabolite can increase soil aggregate, keeps the balance of Trace Elements in Soil, be a kind of good
Good soil conditioner.Natural phenolic hydroxyl group and alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, have sequestering cohesive, can chelate and fix trace element, greatly
The big raising crop absorption to trace element;Sulfonic acid group can effectively regulate soil pH environment, exchanges alkaline kation, improves and makees
Thing foundation growing environment;Soil organic matter content can be improved simultaneously.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) preparation method is simple, and raw material can be gathered materials on the spot, and easily obtains, and cost price is cheap;
(2) prevent from using single conditioner, especially life-time service Calx etc., cause soil compaction, increase soil granular
Structure, improves soil property, improves soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping breathability, promotes nutrient balance.
(3) regulation soil C/N ratio, solve for a long time " to take many to few " from soil and cause continuous cropping obstacle, degradation soil fertility
Problem, improves soil beneficial microbe vigor, it is provided that the soil environment of suitable for crop growth, the beneficially benign cycle of soil.
(4) reduce crop death rate, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase crop yield, improving quality, increase fruits nutrition water
Flat, improve commodity.
(5) fixing soil nutrient, prevents Nutrient Leaching to run off, and is passivated heavy metal-polluted soil, reduces environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to deepen to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 Fructus Capsici soil acidification administers field comparative test
Accurately weigh distiller grains base charcoal 30kg, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 18kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 7kg, potassium humate 16kg, rapeseed cake
16kg, alkali lignin 3kg, wood vinegar 5kg, boric acid 2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, feed intake, mix homogeneously successively, and mixture is used disk
Fructus Capsici soil conditioner is obtained after mist projection granulating.
Prepared Fructus Capsici soil conditioner is applied in the Fructus Capsici test field of soil severe acidification, this bamboo Fructus Capsici soil
(soil depth 0-20cm) pH is 4.7, belongs to strong acidified soil.The amount of application of soil conditioner is 350-400kg/ mu, uses
Time is plantation first half of the month.
Result shows, after using modifying agent 375kg/ mu, the pH value of soil improve 0.4 unit after 120 days, and
All there is reduction in various degree in Exchange alkalinity and exchangeable aluminum, have reached to improve the effect of soil aciditiy.
Embodiment 2 modifying agent prevents soil-borne disease insect pest and improves the field comparative test of bamboo shoot output
Accurately weigh distiller grains base charcoal 30kg, lime nitrogen 20kg, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 5kg, potassium humate
15kg, rapeseed cake 15kg, boric acid 2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, feed intake, mix homogeneously successively, and mixture uses disc spray pelletize
After obtain Plantula Brassicae chinensis soil conditioner, mixing will be weighed.
Choose severe acidification and the serious Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae planting site of soil-borne disease for test field, this test field soil (soil layer
Degree of depth 0-20cm) pH is 3.4.Due to 1 year 3 season Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae multiple crop index and high intensity apply fertilizer the soil acidification that causes, cause this
Club-root is serious, and yield and quality declines.The method using the present invention, July according to dose is in Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae planting soil
490-540kg/ mu applies modifying agent.Result shows: not using modifying agent matched group clubroot sickness rate then is 80%, and
Application of modifying agent plot clubroot sickness rate then is 20%, and the time fallen ill relatively matched group has been postponed 10-15 days,
The output increased of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae 47.8%.Use the inventive method to repair acidified soil, the most effectively reduce the higher soil of multiple crop index
The sickness rate of earth soil-borne disease, the delayed onset time, improves the yield of Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, adds the income of vegetable grower.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, non-the present invention makees any pro forma restriction, although
The present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but not to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art,
In the range of technical solution of the present invention, when method and the technology contents of available the disclosure above are made a little change or repair
Decorations are the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as being an off the content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical spirit according to invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification being made above example, still falls within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the barren acidifying in a disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou yellow earth conditioner, it is characterised in that: this conditioner is by following parts by weight
Raw material make: distiller grains base charcoal 25~35 parts, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10~20 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 5~10 parts, potassium humate 10~
20 parts, rapeseed cake powder 10~20 parts, alkali lignin 1~5 parts, wood vinegar 1~5 parts, trace element 5~10 parts.
The barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou the most according to claim 1 yellow earth conditioner, it is characterised in that: described is micro-
Secondary element is one or both in boric acid, zinc sulfate.
The barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou the most according to claim 2 yellow earth conditioner, it is characterised in that: described distiller grains
Base charcoal pH >=9.5, organic mass content is more than 70%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described yellow phosphorus furnace slag SiO2Content >=
25%, CaO content >=35%, P2O5Content >=2.0wt%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described calcium magnesium phosphate CaO content >=16wt%,
Content of MgO >=26wt%, P2O5>=16wt%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described potassium humate content of humic acid >=55%, K2O content
>=8-11%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;The described rapeseed cake powder content of organic matter >=30%, particle diameter≤0.5mm;Described alkali lignin water is not
Molten thing :≤1.5%, pH value: 10~12, moisture content :≤5.0%, fineness: 80 mesh percent of pass >=95%;Described trace element sulphuric acid
In zinc mass fraction in terms of ZnO be in more than 23%, and soil conditioner the content of effective zinc at 3.0g/kg~5.0g/kg.
4. a preparation method for the barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou as claimed in claim 1 yellow earth modifying agent, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps:
Step 1: according to parts by weight distiller grains base charcoal part of raw material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag 10~20 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 5~10 parts,
Potassium humate 10~20 parts, rapeseed cake powder 10~20 parts, trace element 5~10 parts, weigh various raw material;
Step 2: by distiller grains based biomass charcoal, Yellow phosphorus furnace ground-slag, calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium humate, rapeseed cake powder, trace element, suitable
Sequence feeds intake successively, mixes, and is sufficiently stirred for, the mixture being uniformly mixed;
Step 3: the binding agent that the mixture obtained in step 2 is prepared by mixing into by interpolation alkali lignin and wood vinegar is sprayed
Mist pelletize prepares soil conditioner.
The preparation method of the barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou the most according to claim 4 yellow earth modifying agent, its feature exists
That to use water content≤20% Maotai-flavor distiller grains be raw material in: described distiller grains base charcoal, take high temperature anaerobic cracking to produce and
Becoming, temperature during high temperature anaerobic cracking controls at 350 DEG C~450 DEG C, pH >=9.5, and organic mass content is more than 70%, grain
Footpath≤0.5mm.
6. a using method for the barren acidifying in disease-resistant synergy-type Guizhou as claimed in claim 1 yellow earth modifying agent, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps: before use to target ground soil sampling, and testing soil pH value;According to different pH value, use not
With the barren acidified soil conditioner in the Guizhou of consumption, specific as follows:
As soil pH value < 4.5, the amount of application of barren acidified soil conditioner is 490-540kg/ mu, before taking fertilising ridging
Ditch spread;
When soil pH value is 4.5-5.5, the amount of application of barren acidified soil conditioner is 350-400kg/ mu, takes to apply fertilizer
Ditch spread before ridge;
When soil pH value is 5.5-6.5, the amount of application of barren acidified soil conditioner is 220-270kg/ mu, takes to apply fertilizer
Ditch spread before ridge.
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