CN106214979A - 一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂 - Google Patents
一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106214979A CN106214979A CN201610712973.7A CN201610712973A CN106214979A CN 106214979 A CN106214979 A CN 106214979A CN 201610712973 A CN201610712973 A CN 201610712973A CN 106214979 A CN106214979 A CN 106214979A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:20‑120份铁皮枫斗,20‑100份西洋参,12‑92份麦冬,16‑96份玉竹,6‑40份酸枣仁,5‑30份罗布麻叶。所述复方冲剂具有显著的增强免疫力的作用,特别是对人体的各项机能如食欲、精神状态、抗疲劳、晕眩具有改善作用,在辅助降血压方面也具有优良的效用,此外还可改善肝肾功能、改善血脂异常等。相比其它中药组合,或者是相比在这6种组合中替换1至2味中药的其它组合而言在上市增强免疫力方面均具有更优的效果;同时所述复方冲剂制备方法简单易行,便于工业化生产,产品服用方便,安全,适合普及推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗保健食品领域,具体涉及一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂。
技术背景
铁皮枫斗为兰科植物(Dendrobiumofficinale Kimura et Migo)的干燥茎,具有“滋阴清热,益胃生津”之功效,民间素有“救命仙草”之称,成书于一千多年前的《道藏》尊其为“中华九大仙草”之首。石斛药用历史悠久,早在秦汉时期的《神农本草经》就有“主伤中,除痹,下气,补五脏虚劳羸瘦,强阴,久服厚肠胃”的记载。《药性论》:“益气除热。主治男子腰脚软弱,健阳,逐皮肌风痹,骨中久冷,虚损,补肾积精,腰痛,养肾气,益力。”现代药学研究表明铁皮石斛具有增强免疫力的作用,石斛多糖能促进脾淋巴细胞增殖,增强T细胞及巨噬细胞免疫活性作用,提高机体免疫的功能。李时珍《本草纲目》曰石斛“甘淡入脾,久服,厚肠胃”,可用于“脾胃失运,聚湿生痰,升降失司,上千清窍”所致头痛、眩晕为主症的高血压病。研究表明铁皮石斛可以部分代替降血压药物,减少西药降血压药物用量,降低和维持血压达标。高血压是心脑血管病的重要危险因素,是世界范围的公共健康问题,研究显示,由高血压引起的死亡已跃居为第一位。高血压患者多存在伴随症状,如头痛、失眠、头晕、心悸、胸闷、记忆力减退等,影响着患者的工作生活。高血压为慢性疾病,需要长期服药调养,铁皮石斛作为养阴的代表药物,具有补而不腻、清而不伤胃的特点,这一特点对高血压病患者的康复非常适宜。
西洋参味甘、性寒,入心、肺、肾经,具有补气养阴的功效,与人参不同,“西洋参性凉而补,凡欲用人参而不受人参之温补者,皆可以此代之”。且因其入肺肾经,有金水相生,肺肾同补之功效。《医学衷中参西录》谓“西洋参性凉而补,凡用人参而不受人参之温补者,皆可以此代之”。西洋参具有增强免疫力、抗癌、抗疲劳、抗缺氧、抗衰老等多种功能。Stavro等研究表明西洋参所含的人参皂苷具有中等程度的降血压作用。
玉竹为百合科(Liliaceae)植物玉竹(Polygonatumodoratum(Mill.)Druce)的干燥根茎。又名尾参、玉参。最早以萎蕤之名载于《神农本草经》,列为上品。性平,味甘,具有养阴润燥,生津止渴功能。用于肺胃阴伤,燥热咳嗽,咽干口渴,内热消渴。近代药理学研究证明,玉竹主要有增强免疫功能,具有强心、降血压、降血糖、降血脂等功效,对糖尿病患者及高血压、高血脂病人十分有益。
麦冬味甘、微苦,性微寒,归胃、肺、心经,有养阴润肺、益胃生津、清心除烦的功效,用于肺燥干咳、阴虚痨嗽、喉痹咽痛、津伤口渴、内热消渴、心烦失眠、肠燥便秘等症。大量研究显示,麦冬多糖可以促进体液免疫和细胞免疫功能。
中国最早的一部药书《神农本草经》中记载:“补中益肝,坚筋骨,助阴气,皆酸枣仁之功也。”明代李时珍《本草纲目》中记载,枣仁“熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症;生用疗胆热好眠,皆足厥阴少阳药也。汉代张仲景的《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病脉证并治》“虚劳、虚烦、不得眠、酸枣仁汤主之”。酸枣仁多糖可有效地加快抗体的生成,从而使免疫力增强。酸枣仁中含有生物碱、皂苷和黄酮等多种药理成分,对宁心、补肝、敛汗和生津等有较好的功效。
罗布麻,性甘苦,凉,归肝经。平肝安神,清热利水。用于肝阳眩晕,心悸失眠,浮肿尿少;高血压病,神经衰弱,肾炎浮肿。罗布麻叶主要含有黄酮类、挥发油类、鞣质、长链脂肪酸酯、醇类、低分子有机酸类、甾体类等成分,具有降血压、降血脂、抗氧化、抗焦虑、抗抑郁等作用。
已有文献报道称,采用铁皮枫斗来预防或治疗高血压疾病,在现有的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂中,中国专利200410025479.0公开了一种复方全龟鳖铁皮枫斗养阴胶囊和冲剂的指标方法,其中活性成分除了铁皮枫斗外,还加入了全龟、全鳖、西洋参、麦冬、玉竹以及木糖醇共7味药,然而该现有技术除原料成本高,还仅仅是泛泛地将其粗加工制备成冲剂,描述了该配方具有滋阴生津功能,并未进行工业生产意义上的加工,更未测试毒理学安全性评价试验以及治疗高血压的效果。本申请申请人通过大量实验研究发现,将铁皮枫斗与上述西洋参、麦冬、玉竹、酸枣仁和罗布麻叶以特定配比配合,制成的冲剂能起到优良的增强人体免疫力作用,同时在预防和辅助治疗高血压疾病方面效果显著。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有优良免疫调节作用,特别是对人体的各项机能如食欲、精神状态、抗疲劳、晕眩具有改善作用,还在降血压、改善肝肾功能、改善血脂异常等作用的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂。
本发明的上述发明目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂,其特征在于,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:20-120份铁皮枫斗,20-100份西洋参,12-92份麦冬,16-96份玉竹,6-40份酸枣仁,5-30份罗布麻叶。
优选地,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:50-80份铁皮枫斗,40-60份西洋参,38-72份麦冬,32-80份玉竹,8-20份酸枣仁,10-20份罗布麻叶。
更优选地,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:60-70份铁皮枫斗,45-55份西洋参,43-65份麦冬,48-60份玉竹,12-15份酸枣仁,12-18份罗布麻叶。
最优选地,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹,14份酸枣仁,15份罗布麻叶。
进一步地,本发明提供上述含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一、原料前处理步骤
(1)破碎:将配方量的铁皮枫斗、西洋参、麦冬、玉竹、酸枣仁、罗布麻叶加入破碎机破碎,备用;
(2)提取:将粉碎物加入提取罐中提取三次,每次加入8-40倍量的饮用水,首次浸泡1h,加热至90-95℃,保温1h,提取三次,料液过滤,合并备用;
(3)浓缩:将料液真空吸至浓缩器中,60-80℃下加热,真空度-0.06-0.08MPa下浓缩,浓缩至相对密度1.12-1.14,得浓缩浸膏;
步骤二、过筛
将50-63份乳糖过100目筛;
步骤三、配浆
取适量纯化水加热煮沸,将浓缩浸膏加入到水中,边搅拌边加热,煮沸保温10min,200目过滤、备用;
步骤四、沸腾制粒
将过筛后的乳糖加入沸腾制粒机原料容器内,启动设备,设定物料温度50-60℃,干燥20-30min,根据物料沸腾情况调节雾化压力、蠕动泵频率及风机频率,将步骤三配好的浆液喷入沸腾制粒机内进行制粒,制粒结束,干燥至水分小于3%,物料温度降至40℃以下,收料;
步骤五、整粒
将颗粒过14目和65目筛整粒,收集颗粒、称重、标识;
步骤六、分装、包装和检验入库
按工艺要求进行分装;随后以整粒日期为生产日期,同时制定批号,贴标,包装,最终检验入库。
进一步地,本发明提供上述含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备调节人体免疫能力的药物的用途。
进一步地,本发明提供上述含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备降血压药物的用途。
进一步地,本发明提供上述含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备改善肝肾功能、改善血脂异常药物的用途。
采用本发明的技术方案,相比现有的这类中药制剂相比,其具有如下优点:
1、所述配方具有显著的改善人体各项机能、增强免疫力的作用,特别是在改善食欲、精神状态、抗疲劳、晕眩方面,此外在在降血压、改善肝肾功能、改善血脂异常方面也具有优良的作用;
2、该复方组合时含有6种特定中药的复方组合,其相比其它中药组合,或者是相比在这6种组合中替换1至2味中药的其它组合而言在上市增强免疫力、降血压、改善肝肾功能、改善血脂方面均具有更优的效果;
3、本申请的制备方法简单易行,便于工业化生产,产品服用方便,安全,适合普及推广。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐释上述技术方案,本申请特以下述实施例进行具体说明,但本申请不限于此。
一、制备实施例
制备实施例1:各组分的配方为:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹,14份酸枣仁,15份罗布麻叶。
按照如下方法制得复方制剂:破碎:将配方量的铁皮枫斗、西洋参、麦冬、玉竹、酸枣仁、罗布麻叶加入破碎机破碎,备用;将粉碎物加入提取罐中提取三次,每次加入8-40倍量的饮用水,首次浸泡1h,加热至90-95℃,保温1h,提取三次,料液过滤,合并备用;将料液真空吸至浓缩器中,60-80℃下加热,真空度-0.06--0.08MPa下浓缩,浓缩至相对密度1.12-1.14,得浓缩浸膏;将50-63份乳糖过100目筛;取适量纯化水加热煮沸,将浓缩浸膏加入到水中,边搅拌边加热,煮沸保温10min,200目过滤、备用;将过筛后的乳糖加入沸腾制粒机原料容器内,启动设备,设定物料温度50-60℃,干燥20-30min,根据物料沸腾情况调节雾化压力、蠕动泵频率及风机频率,将配好的浆液喷入沸腾制粒机内进行制粒,制粒结束,干燥至水分小于3%,物料温度降至40℃以下,收料;将颗粒过14目和65目筛整粒,收集颗粒、称重、标识;按工艺要求进行分装;随后以整粒日期为生产日期,同时制定批号,贴标,包装,最终检验入库。
制备实施例2:除各组分的配方为:120份铁皮枫斗,100份西洋参,92份麦冬,96份玉竹,40份酸枣仁,30份罗布麻叶外,其余同制备实施例1。
制备实施例3:除各组分的配方为:20份铁皮枫斗,20份西洋参,12份麦冬,16份玉竹,6份酸枣仁,5份罗布麻叶外,其余同制备实施例1。
制备实施例4:除各组分的配方为:120份铁皮枫斗,100份西洋参,92份麦冬,16份玉竹,6份酸枣仁,5份罗布麻叶外,其余同制备实施例1。
制备实施例5:除各组分的配方为:20份铁皮枫斗,20份西洋参,12份麦冬,96份玉竹,40份酸枣仁,30份罗布麻叶外,其余同制备实施例1。
对照实施例A:除各组分的配方为:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹、15份罗布麻叶,其余同制备实施例1。
对照实施例B:除各组分的配方为:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹,14份酸枣仁,其余同制备实施例1。
对照实施例C:除各组分的配方为:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹,其余同制备实施例1。
二、检测实施例
1、实验目的:测定制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂中的总多糖和总皂甙含量。
2、实验方法:参考卫生部食品卫生监督检验所“保健食品功能因子检测方法汇编”。
3、检测结果
表1
三、毒理学安全性评价试验
1、检验项目:小鼠经口急性毒性试验(LD50)、微核试验、精子畸形试验、Ames试验
2、检验依据:GB15193-1994《食品安全性毒理学评价程序和方法》
3、检验结果与评价:
(1)小鼠经口急性毒性试验(LD50)
NIH种小白鼠40只,体重18~22g,雌雄各半,采用Horn’s法,随机将小鼠氛围4个剂量组(21.50、10.00、4.64、2.15g/kg·b·w),将制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂空腹灌胃一次,灌胃量0.20ml/10g·b·w,观察一周。
表2
结果表明:未观察到动物有任何不良反应,得雌雄小鼠经口LD50>21.5g/kg·b·w,说明制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂属无毒级物质。
(2)小鼠骨髓微核试验
NIH种小鼠60只,体重25-30g,随机分为6组,按“食品安全性毒理学评价程序”方法进行试验:将制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂分两次灌胃,间隔时间24小时,灌胃量:0.20ml/10g·b·w,于第二次灌胃6小时后,处死小鼠取胸骨骨髓材料纸片、染色、镜检,求出各组微核率,按泊松分布方法统计。
表3
结果表明:各剂量组制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂的微核率与阴性对照组比较,在统计学上差异均无显著性意义,试验结果为阴性。
(3)小鼠精子畸形试验
NIH种雄小鼠25只,体重25-30g,随机分为5组,将制备实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂连续灌胃5天(环磷酰胺阳性组作腹腔注射),灌胃量:0.20ml/10g·b·w,经35天后处死动物取双侧附睾按常规纸片、染色,油镜下每组检查完整精子5000条,求出精子畸形率,按Wilcoson秩和方法进行统计学处理。
表4
结果表明:制备实施例1所制备铁皮枫斗冲剂各剂量组的精子畸形率与阴性对照组比较,在统计学上差异均无显著性意义。样品在剂量高达10.00g/kg·b·w时均无法对生殖细胞有诱变畸形作用。试验结果阴性。
(4).Ames试验
用浓度为8-5000μg/皿制备实施例1所制备铁皮枫斗冲剂对鼠伤害沙门氏菌缺陷菌株TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102进行平皿掺入实验,无论在加及不加S9(大鼠肝匀浆S9液)混合液时,各剂量组均未引起试验菌株的回复突变菌落数的显著增加,Ames试验结果为阴性,说明制备实施例1所制备铁皮枫斗冲剂无直接或间接的致突变作用。
四、保健功能评价试验
1、检验项目:免疫调节
2、检验依据:《保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法》
3、实验方法:
3.1实验动物:ICR小鼠,雌性,体重20±2g。
3.2剂量设计:实验设三个剂量组和阴性对照组(去离子水)。低中高三个剂量分别为0.5、1.0、3.0g/kg体重,相当于人推荐量的5、10和30倍,灌胃给予样品。对照实施例A、B、C所制得的样品所用的剂量为中剂量1.0g/kg。
4、检验结果与评价:
对NIH中小鼠每日经口分别给予制备实施例1所制备铁皮枫斗冲剂0.5、1.0、3.0g/kg·b·w共四周,结果获得:
(1)可提高绵羊红细胞诱导的小鼠迟发型变态反应能力(足跖增厚法),增加足跖厚度;
(2)可使受试动物血清溶血素抗体滴度反应增加,有增强体液免疫功能作用;
(3)可提高受试动物碳廓清吞噬指数,有增强单核-巨噬细胞功能作用。
同等实验条件下,同等剂量的对照实施例A、B所制得的样品,小鼠淋巴细胞增殖能力光密度差值未显示升高,小鼠左右足跖部24小时与0小时厚度差值低于中剂量组的铁皮枫斗冲剂实验组;小鼠溶血空斑数上升指数同低剂量组,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬百分率低于同剂量组的实施例1所制备的铁皮枫斗冲剂。对照实施例C所制得的样品,所有实验指数均低于实施例所制备的低剂量组。
依据《保健食品功能学评价程序和检测方法》免疫调节评价标准判断,本发明制备实施例1所制备铁皮枫斗冲剂具有免疫调节作用。
表5
表6
表7
五、对高血压的影响
(一)、方法:
1.动物:SD大鼠,雌雄各半,体重180~220g
2.给药:SD大鼠,预适应一段时间后,按体重随机分为7组:正常对照组,模型对照组,对照实施例A、对照实施例B、对照实施例C、冲剂组(700mg/kg),阳性对照组(美托洛尔20mg/kg),每组10只。除对照实施例组外,其余各组均采用递增饮酒法(乙醇体积分数逐渐从5%递增至22%),每天自由饮用酒水造模,连续36周。饮酒造模4周后,铁皮枫斗组给予铁皮枫斗冲剂,阳性对照组给予美托洛尔,对照实施例组、模型组分别给予等容量双蒸水,各组均按10mL/kg体积给药。
3.检测:定期测大鼠体重、一般体征(自主活动、抓力、眩晕时间)及收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均脉压(MBP);给药第28、32周时测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Cr)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量。
(二)、结果:
1.对体重影响:与模型组相比,给药16周后可见铁皮枫斗组大鼠体重有一定幅度的升高,说明本发明的铁皮枫斗冲剂对饮酒大鼠体重有一定的改善作用。
2.对食量的影响:与模型组相比,给药15周后可见铁皮枫斗组大鼠食量有一定幅度的升高,说明苯酚吗的铁皮枫斗冲剂具有一定的改善饮酒大鼠食欲的功效。
3.对自主活动的影响:与模型组相比,给药7周至24周,铁皮枫斗组大鼠自主活动次数有明显幅度的升高,说明本发明的铁皮枫斗冲剂能改善饮酒大鼠的精神萎靡状态。
4.对抓力的影响:与模型组相比,给药7~25周,铁皮枫斗组大鼠抓力有明显幅度的升高,并在给药18周时出现显著差异(P<0.05),说明本发明的铁皮枫斗冲剂能改善饮酒大鼠的“体倦乏力”状况,具有一定的抗疲劳作用。
5.对眩晕的影响:与模型组相比,给药13~25周时,铁皮枫斗组大鼠眩晕时间较大幅度下降,并在给药13、15、22周时出现显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),说明本发明的铁皮枫斗冲剂对饮酒大鼠的“眩晕头重”现象有一定的改善作用。
6.对血压的影响:与模型组相比,给药第8~12周,铁皮枫斗组大鼠SBP明显降低(P<0.05);给药第15~32周,铁皮枫斗组大鼠SBP、DBP、MBP均不同程度的降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。提示长期服用本发明的铁皮枫斗冲剂可降低饮酒大鼠血压,且具有持续降压作用。对照实施例组A、B、C在给药过程中亦会显示出不同程度降低大鼠SBP、DBP、MBP的作用,但效果不如冲剂组,且C组效果最低。
7.对血清肝肾功能及血脂生化指标的影响:与模型组相比,本发明铁皮枫斗冲剂给药组大鼠血ALT、AST、ALP、Cr、UA、TG含量均不同程度的下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),血清TC无明显变化,提示长期服用铁皮枫斗冲剂对饮酒大鼠的肝肾功能及血脂异常具有一定的改善作用。
对SBP、DBP及MBP的影响
注:A组-缺酸枣仁,B组-缺罗布麻叶,C组-缺酸枣仁、罗布麻叶,冲剂组-包含配方所有组分
本发明的一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂已经通过具体的实例进行了描述,本领域技术人员可借鉴本发明内容,适当改变原料、工艺条件等环节来实现相应的其它目的,其相关改变都没有脱离本发明的内容,所有类似的替换和改动对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,都被视为包括在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂,其特征在于,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:20-120份铁皮枫斗,20-100份西洋参,12-92份麦冬,16-96份玉竹,6-40份酸枣仁,5-30份罗布麻叶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复方冲剂,其特征在于,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:50-80份铁皮枫斗,40-60份西洋参,38-72份麦冬,32-80份玉竹,8-20份酸枣仁,10-20份罗布麻叶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复方冲剂,其特征在于,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:60-70份铁皮枫斗,45-55份西洋参,43-65份麦冬,48-60份玉竹,12-15份酸枣仁,12-18份罗布麻叶。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复方冲剂,其特征在于,所述复方冲剂含有按重量份的如下原料:65份铁皮枫斗,50份西洋参,52份麦冬,55份玉竹,14份酸枣仁,15份罗布麻叶。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一所述的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一、原料前处理步骤
(1)破碎:将配方量的铁皮枫斗、西洋参、麦冬、玉竹、酸枣仁、罗布麻叶加入破碎机破碎,备用;
(2)提取:将粉碎物加入提取罐中提取三次,每次加入8-40倍量的饮用水,首次浸泡1h,加热至90-95℃,保温1h,提取三次,料液过滤,合并备用;
(3)浓缩:将料液真空吸至浓缩器中,60-80℃下加热,真空度-0.06-0.08MPa下浓缩,浓缩至相对密度1.12-1.14,得浓缩浸膏;
步骤二、过筛
将50-63份乳糖过100目筛;
步骤三、配浆
取适量纯化水加热煮沸,将浓缩浸膏加入到水中,边搅拌边加热,煮沸保温10min,200目过滤、备用;
步骤四、沸腾制粒
将过筛后的乳糖加入沸腾制粒机原料容器内,启动设备,设定物料温度50-60℃,干燥20-30min,根据物料沸腾情况调节雾化压力、蠕动泵频率及风机频率,将步骤三配好的浆液喷入沸腾制粒机内进行制粒,制粒结束,干燥至水分小于3%,物料温度降至40℃以下,收料;
步骤五、整粒
将颗粒过14目和65目筛整粒,收集颗粒、称重、标识;
步骤六、分装、包装和检验入库
按工艺要求进行分装;随后以整粒日期为生产日期,同时制定批号,贴标,包装,最终检验入库。
6.根据权利要求1至5任一所述的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备调节人体免疫能力的药物的用途。
7.根据权利要求1至5任一所述的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备降血压药物的用途。
8.根据权利要求1至5任一所述的含有铁皮枫斗的复方冲剂应用于制备改善肝肾功能、改善血脂异常药物的用途。
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