CN106190461A - 一种高性能润滑油 - Google Patents

一种高性能润滑油 Download PDF

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CN106190461A
CN106190461A CN201610527171.9A CN201610527171A CN106190461A CN 106190461 A CN106190461 A CN 106190461A CN 201610527171 A CN201610527171 A CN 201610527171A CN 106190461 A CN106190461 A CN 106190461A
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lubricating oil
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CN106190461B (zh
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闫海玲
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Dongying Guoan renewable resources development Co.,Ltd.
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Bengbu Haiming Die Casting Machine Co Ltd
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Abstract

发明公开了一种高性能润滑油，由以下成分制成，润滑油基础油、棕榈油、松节油、三乙醇胺、山梨糖醇、纳米高岭土、硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇、纳米氧化铝、油酸丁二酯、硼酸三异丙酯、辅助添加剂。本发明润滑油，不仅冷却性好，润滑效果佳，能够适应于大多数的应用场合，不仅能极大的提高了润滑油的防锈性，还提高了润滑油的润滑效果，在高温下摩擦系数也不会变化太大，稳定性强，不但能准确地充满润滑表面实现连续润滑。本发明润滑油由多种添加剂共同组合搭配，大大改善了润滑油各方面的性能，增加润滑油稳定性，增强润滑效果，延长润滑油的使用寿命，在耐温性、润滑性、抗氧化性、黏温性能等方面能够满足大多数场合的使用需求。

Description

一种高性能润滑油
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，特别是涉及一种高性能润滑油。
背景技术
润滑油是用在汽车、机械设备上以减少摩擦、保护机械及加工件的液体或半固体润滑剂，主要起润滑、冷却、防锈、清洁、密封和缓冲等作用。润滑油由基础油和添加剂两部分组成，基础油是润滑油的主要成分，决定着润滑油的基本性质，添加剂则可弥补和改善基础油性能方面的不足，赋予某些新的性能，是润滑油的重要组成部分。现有的润滑油寿命低，无法长期循环使用，无法满足许多场合的需求，导致设备耗损大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高性能润滑油。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种高性能润滑油，按重量份计由以下成分制成，润滑油基础油84、棕榈油12、松节油10、三乙醇胺6、山梨糖醇6、纳米高岭土1、硬脂酸钠4、聚乙烯醇7、纳米氧化铝1、油酸丁二酯5、硼酸三异丙酯4、辅助添加剂0.5；
所述棕榈油经过预处理：向棕榈油中添加其质量0.65%的改性剂，均匀混合后，加热至138℃，保温40分钟后，在15s里，将温度下降至13℃，保温10分钟后，恢复至室温，在室温下以350r/min速度搅拌20分钟，即可；所述改性剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：甲酸乙酯1、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺3、柠檬酸钠4；
所述松节油经过预处理：向松节油中添加其质量2%的丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物，加热至95℃，以120r/min速度搅拌30分钟后，自然冷却至室温，即可，所述淀粉为玉米淀粉与木薯淀粉按2:1质量比例混合而成，所述丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物中丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉按1:1质量比例混合而成；
所述纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝经过共混处理:将三乙醇胺硼酸酯与软化水混合均匀，配制成质量浓度为4.98％的三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液，然后将纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝，添加到三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液中，加热至87℃，以800r/min速度离心处理40分钟后，保温，静置30分钟后，冷却至室温，再静置1小时后，过滤，表面烘干，即可；
所述辅助添加剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：二叔丁基对甲酚4、硅酸钠2、硅酸钙粉末1、酒石酸钠3、焦磷酸钠2、季戊四醇4、去离子水6，所述硅酸钙粉末的添加粒度为400-500目，所述硅酸钙粉末在378℃下经过煅烧10分钟；所述辅助添加剂的制备方法为：①将硅酸钠、酒石酸钠、焦磷酸钠均匀混合后，添加到二叔丁基对甲酚中，进行研磨40分钟，得到混合物1；②向混合物1中添加硅酸钙粉末，继续研磨20分钟，然后静置10分钟，得到混合物2；③向混合物2中添加水，以150r/min速度搅拌15分钟后，添加季戊四醇，继续以同样的速度搅拌15分钟后，静置1小时，即得。
进一步地，所述润滑油基础油的粘度系数大于95。
本发明经过大量的实验研究，通过对棕榈油和松节油进行预处理，提高了润滑油的流变学性能，制成的润滑油的倾点(最低可-52℃)明显低于同级别矿物油, 其粘度指数也明显大于同级别矿物油，并且润滑油的氧化稳定性具有极大的提高，通过配合经过共混处理的纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝和辅助添加剂的协同作用，极大的提高了润滑油的寿命，循环使用次数得到巨大的提升，相比同级别矿物油的寿命提高了2-2.5倍。通过对棕榈油的预处理，还能使得制成的润滑油润滑性能更加优异、表面张力较低，具有较好的清洗性，时间持久无异味。
本发明的有益效果是，与现有技术相比：
本发明润滑油，不仅冷却性好，润滑效果佳，能够适应于大多数的应用场合，不仅能极大的提高了润滑油的防锈性，还提高了润滑油的润滑效果，在高温下摩擦系数也不会变化太大，稳定性强，不但能准确地充满润滑表面实现连续润滑，而且在润滑过程中，既能抵消重力与向心力的作用，又不易泄漏和防止外界污染。经过共混处理的纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝能够均匀稳定地分散在基础油中，可长期放置不沉淀。本发明润滑油由多种添加剂共同组合搭配，大大改善了润滑油各方面的性能，增加润滑油稳定性，增强润滑效果，延长润滑油的使用寿命，在耐温性、润滑性、抗氧化性、黏温性能等方面能够满足大多数场合的使用需求。
具体实施方式
一种高性能润滑油，按重量份计由以下成分制成，润滑油基础油84、棕榈油12、松节油10、三乙醇胺6、山梨糖醇6、纳米高岭土1、硬脂酸钠4、聚乙烯醇7、纳米氧化铝1、油酸丁二酯5、硼酸三异丙酯4、辅助添加剂0.5；
所述棕榈油经过预处理：向棕榈油中添加其质量0.65%的改性剂，均匀混合后，加热至138℃，保温40分钟后，在15s里，将温度下降至13℃，保温10分钟后，恢复至室温，在室温下以350r/min速度搅拌20分钟，即可；所述改性剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：甲酸乙酯1、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺3、柠檬酸钠4；
所述松节油经过预处理：向松节油中添加其质量2%的丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物，加热至95℃，以120r/min速度搅拌30分钟后，自然冷却至室温，即可，所述淀粉为玉米淀粉与木薯淀粉按2:1质量比例混合而成，所述丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物中丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉按1:1质量比例混合而成；
所述纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝经过共混处理:将三乙醇胺硼酸酯与软化水混合均匀，配制成质量浓度为4.98％的三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液，然后将纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝，添加到三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液中，加热至87℃，以800r/min速度离心处理40分钟后，保温，静置30分钟后，冷却至室温，再静置1小时后，过滤，表面烘干，即可；
所述辅助添加剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：二叔丁基对甲酚4、硅酸钠2、硅酸钙粉末1、酒石酸钠3、焦磷酸钠2、季戊四醇4、去离子水6，所述硅酸钙粉末的添加粒度为400-500目，所述硅酸钙粉末在378℃下经过煅烧10分钟；所述辅助添加剂的制备方法为：①将硅酸钠、酒石酸钠、焦磷酸钠均匀混合后，添加到二叔丁基对甲酚中，进行研磨40分钟，得到混合物1；②向混合物1中添加硅酸钙粉末，继续研磨20分钟，然后静置10分钟，得到混合物2；③向混合物2中添加水，以150r/min速度搅拌15分钟后，添加季戊四醇，继续以同样的速度搅拌15分钟后，静置1小时，即得。
进一步地，所述润滑油基础油的粘度系数大于95。
采用立式摩擦磨损试验机进行抗磨减摩试验，试验方法采用四球试验方法。
四球试验标准为：转速1450r/min，载荷392N，时间30min。试验所用钢球按照GB/308-89制造，GCr15，二级钢球，直径12.7mm，硬度为64-66HRC。试验中，将试验用油注入容纳钢球的油杯中，使液面刚好没过钢球的表面，施加垂直载荷P为392N，测量出摩擦力矩，有公式：μ=0.233×T/P（其中μ为摩擦因数；T为摩擦力矩）计算出摩擦因数，一次用于评价本发明实施例润滑油与20#标准机械油的摩擦因数μ与磨损量。四球试验的样品为20#标准机械油、本发明、对比例2、对比例3润滑油，试验前后对钢球和环块进行充分清洗，然后用万分之一电子天平称量试验前后钢球的磨损量，用金相显微镜测量钢球的磨斑直径，并用肉眼直接观察润滑油中是否含铁粉和油泥。
表1
其中：对比例1为本发明中不添加辅助添加剂，其它成分不变，制备的润滑油；
对比例2为本发明中添加的棕榈油不经过处理，其它成分不变，制备的润滑油。
由表1可以看出，20#标准机械油在392N，1450 r/min，30min磨损试验条件下有明显的磨损量，并且含有少量油泥，而本发明润滑油无磨损量，并且没有油泥，不添加辅助添加剂，磨损量增加，但无油泥，添加不经过处理的棕榈油，磨损量增加，并有微量的油泥，因此，本发明润滑油起到了很好的抗磨减摩作用，还能消除铁粉和油泥，增强润滑效果。

Claims (2)

1.一种高性能润滑油，其特征在于，按重量份计由以下成分制成，润滑油基础油84、棕榈油12、松节油10、三乙醇胺6、山梨糖醇6、纳米高岭土1、硬脂酸钠4、聚乙烯醇7、纳米氧化铝1、油酸丁二酯5、硼酸三异丙酯4、辅助添加剂0.5；
所述棕榈油经过预处理：向棕榈油中添加其质量0.65%的改性剂，均匀混合后，加热至138℃，保温40分钟后，在15s里，将温度下降至13℃，保温10分钟后，恢复至室温，在室温下以350r/min速度搅拌20分钟，即可；所述改性剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：甲酸乙酯1、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺3、柠檬酸钠4；
所述松节油经过预处理：向松节油中添加其质量2%的丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物，加热至95℃，以120r/min速度搅拌30分钟后，自然冷却至室温，即可，所述淀粉为玉米淀粉与木薯淀粉按2:1质量比例混合而成，所述丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉混合物中丙烯酸甲酯与淀粉按1:1质量比例混合而成；
所述纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝经过共混处理:将三乙醇胺硼酸酯与软化水混合均匀，配制成质量浓度为4.98％的三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液，然后将纳米高岭土与纳米氧化铝，添加到三乙醇胺硼酸酯溶液中，加热至87℃，以800r/min速度离心处理40分钟后，保温，静置30分钟后，冷却至室温，再静置1小时后，过滤，表面烘干，即可；
所述辅助添加剂按重量份计由以下成分制成：二叔丁基对甲酚4、硅酸钠2、硅酸钙粉末1、酒石酸钠3、焦磷酸钠2、季戊四醇4、去离子水6，所述硅酸钙粉末的添加粒度为400-500目，所述硅酸钙粉末在378℃下经过煅烧10分钟；所述辅助添加剂的制备方法为：①将硅酸钠、酒石酸钠、焦磷酸钠均匀混合后，添加到二叔丁基对甲酚中，进行研磨40分钟，得到混合物1；②向混合物1中添加硅酸钙粉末，继续研磨20分钟，然后静置10分钟，得到混合物2；③向混合物2中添加水，以150r/min速度搅拌15分钟后，添加季戊四醇，继续以同样的速度搅拌15分钟后，静置1小时，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油基础油的粘度系数大于95。
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